CN108774696B - Production process of series 6 aluminum alloy ultrathin circular tube extruded section - Google Patents
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- CN108774696B CN108774696B CN201810640608.9A CN201810640608A CN108774696B CN 108774696 B CN108774696 B CN 108774696B CN 201810640608 A CN201810640608 A CN 201810640608A CN 108774696 B CN108774696 B CN 108774696B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, and relates to a production process of series 6 series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube extruded sections, wherein aluminum alloy raw materials comprise 1.35-1.45% of Si, 0.21% of Fe, 0.05% of Cu, 0.44-0.48% of Mn, 0.50-0.55% of Mg, 0.09% of Cr, 0.05% of Zn, 0.02% of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05% of other single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15% of the impurities and the balance of Al, aluminum alloy ingots prepared by the formula are subjected to extrusion, online water mist quenching treatment and tensile straightening and then subjected to artificial aging, the aging system of the artificial aging is 145 +/-5 ℃ multiplied by 11h, the existing quenching mode and aging system are changed, the finally prepared aluminum alloy round tubes can meet the production and preparation requirements on ultrathin size and mechanical properties, and the aluminum alloy round tubes have thin walls and greatly improved elongation after fracture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, and relates to a production process of series 6 aluminum alloy ultrathin circular tube extruded sections.
Background
Aluminum alloys are widely used in the aviation industry, automobile manufacturing industry, power instruments, tools and civil utensils, etc. because of their small specific gravity, high specific strength and good overall properties, aluminum alloys have been widely used in .
In the process of research and development and production of aluminum alloy, chemical components in the aluminum alloy need to be analyzed, so that the aim of strictly controlling the content of each chemical component is fulfilled, the out-of-control of stokehold components in the process of alloy production is avoided, and the quality of alloy products is ensured. The 6082 aluminum alloy belongs to 6 xxx series alloy aluminum plates, is an aluminum alloy plate which can be strengthened by heat treatment, has medium strength and good welding performance and corrosion resistance, and is mainly used for transportation and structural engineering industries. Meanwhile, the 6082 aluminum alloy in the prior art has higher quenching sensitivity, water-cooling quenching is usually adopted, and the peak value is aged. The 6082 aluminum alloy also has high magnesium content, and the surface quality of the section bar is influenced when the magnesium content is high.
However, 6082 aluminum alloy belongs to Al-Mg-Si series wrought aluminum alloy, and under the condition that the wall thickness of the extruded section of 6082 aluminum alloy is too thin, the original quenching mode and aging system can not meet the requirements of the size and mechanical property of an aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube, and the phenomenon of low elongation of the section after aging after fracture often occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a production process of series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube extruded sections, aiming at solving the problem that the existing quenching mode and aging system can not meet the requirements of the size and mechanical properties of an aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a production process of series 6 aluminum alloy ultrathin circular tube extruded sections, which comprises the following steps:
A. preparing an aluminum alloy raw material according to the following weight part ratio: 1.35-1.45% of Si, 0.21% of Fe, 0.05% of Cu, 0.44-0.48% of Mn, 0.50-0.55% of Mg, 0.09% of Cr, 0.05% of Zn, 0.02% of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05% of other single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15% of impurities and the balance of Al, adding the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace, uniformly mixing, smelting to obtain liquid aluminum alloy, and casting the liquid aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
B. b, homogenizing the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step A, wherein the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 450-500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-20 hours;
C. placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to homogenization treatment in the step B into an extruder for extrusion to obtain a required aluminum alloy section, wherein the extrusion die adopts a single-hole extrusion die, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 480-500 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion cast ingot is 510-530 ℃, the barrel body temperature of an extrusion barrel is 420-440 ℃, the extrusion ratio of the extrusion barrel is 48.8, and the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is 4.5-6 m/min;
D. c, performing online water mist quenching treatment on the aluminum alloy section extruded in the step C at an outlet of an extrusion die to ensure the size of the aluminum alloy section, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy section out of a quenching area is less than or equal to 180 ℃ in order to ensure the quenching strength;
E. d, stretching and straightening the aluminum alloy section quenched in the step D by a traction straightening machine, standing the stretched and straightened aluminum alloy section for 2 hours, and then cutting the aluminum alloy section to length;
F. and E, artificially aging the aluminum alloy section stretched and straightened in the step E, wherein the aging system is 145 +/-5 ℃ multiplied by 11h, and thus the aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube section is obtained.
And step , the aluminum alloy smelting process in the step A is a semi-continuous casting method of melting, stirring, slagging off, degassing and impurity removing, filtering and casting.
And step , controlling the temperature of the smelting furnace in the step A to be 700-750 ℃, and refining by using a refining agent.
Step , the extruder in step C is a 75MN aluminum extruder, and the diameter of the extrusion cylinder is 300 mm.
And step , wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy section after quenching in the step D is 20-30 ℃.
And step , the quenching cooling speed of the aluminum alloy section in the step D is 50-80 ℃/min.
And step , controlling the stretching amount of the aluminum alloy section in the step E within 1 percent.
And step , the aging system in the step F is that the aluminum alloy section is kept warm for 11 hours after reaching the furnace temperature.
And step , the thickness of the aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube section prepared in the step F is 1.60-1.65 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the formula of the aluminum alloy raw material is adjusted relative to the formula of a 6082 aluminum alloy raw material, because Si can improve the strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy, and Mg belongs to easily-bonded metal, the defects of galling and the like of the surface of an aluminum profile can be caused. Therefore, the aluminum alloy cast ingot with high silicon content and low Mg content is selected, and the surface quality of the aluminum profile is improved and the strength of the aluminum profile is ensured by improving the content of silicon and reducing the content of Mg.
2. The invention changes the original water-cooling quenching mode into water mist quenching. The water mist quenching is adopted, so that the size of the aluminum alloy section can be ensured. According to the principle of thermal expansion and cold contraction, the cooling speed of the water mist quenching section is slower than that of water cooling quenching, the deformation degree is small, and then the section is matched with the section to stretch and straighten to the required size, so that the prepared aluminum alloy section is not easy to crack and warp, the adverse effect of the water mist mode on the mechanical property (namely the reduction of the elongation after fracture) of the section is compensated by the selection of an aging system.
3. The invention changes the original aging system of 175 plus or minus 5 ℃ multiplied by 7h into 145 plus or minus 5 ℃ multiplied by 11 h. When the aging system is underaged, the number of the second phases is small, the resistance to dislocation is small, the dislocation entanglement caused by the dislocation is light, the work hardening speed is slow, the elongation is high, and the problem of low elongation after fracture caused by the reduction of the quenching strength and the alloy components can be solved, so that after the extrusion process is stable, the aging system is determined to be 145 +/-5 ℃ multiplied by 11h through a plurality of tests.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Example 1
The production process of kinds of 6 kinds of ultrathin circular aluminum alloy pipe extruded sections includes the following steps:
A. calculating the use amount of each aluminum alloy raw material and preparing the aluminum alloy raw material according to the mixture ratio, wherein the 6-series aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass:
adding the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, uniformly mixing, smelting to obtain liquid aluminum alloy, casting the liquid aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy cast ingot, wherein the aluminum alloy smelting process is a semi-continuous casting method of melting, stirring, slagging off, degassing and impurity removing, filtering and casting, the temperature of the smelting furnace is controlled at 750 ℃, and a refining agent is used for refining;
B. b, homogenizing the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step A, wherein the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20 hours;
C. placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to homogenization treatment in the step B into an extruder for extrusion to obtain a required aluminum alloy section, wherein the extruder is a 75MN aluminum extruder, the diameter of an extrusion cylinder is 300mm, the extrusion die adopts a single-hole extrusion die, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 480 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion cast ingot is 510 ℃, the cylinder body temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 440 ℃, the extrusion ratio of the extrusion cylinder is 48.8, and the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is 4.5 m/min;
D. c, performing online water mist quenching treatment on the aluminum alloy section extruded in the step C at an outlet of an extrusion die to ensure the size of the aluminum alloy section, wherein in order to ensure the quenching strength, the temperature of the aluminum alloy section out of a quenching area is 150 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy section after quenching is 30 ℃, and the quenching cooling speed of the aluminum alloy section is 50 ℃/min;
E. d, stretching and straightening the aluminum alloy section quenched in the step D by a traction straightening machine, standing the stretched and straightened aluminum alloy section for 2 hours, and then cutting the aluminum alloy section to length, wherein the stretching amount of the aluminum alloy section is controlled within 1%;
F. and E, carrying out artificial aging on the aluminum alloy section stretched and straightened in the step E, wherein the aging system is 145 +/-5 ℃ multiplied by 11h, and the aging system is that the aluminum alloy section is kept warm for 11h after reaching the furnace temperature, so as to obtain the aluminum alloy ultrathin round pipe section, wherein the thickness of the aluminum alloy ultrathin round pipe section is 1.63 mm.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the mass percent ratio of each element of the 6 series aluminum alloy raw material in the step A is as follows:
example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that the homogenization temperature in step B was 500 ℃ and the holding time was 10 hours.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that the heating temperature of the extrusion die in step C was 500 deg.C, the heating temperature of the extruded ingot was 530 deg.C, the barrel temperature of the extrusion cylinder was 420 deg.C, and the extrusion speed during extrusion was 6 m/min.
Example 5
Example 5 differs from example 1 in that the temperature of the aluminum alloy profile after quenching in step D is 20 ℃ and the quenching cooling rate of the aluminum alloy profile is 80 ℃/min.
Comparative example
The difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that the mass percent ratio of each element of the 6 series aluminum alloy raw material in the step A is as follows:
and F, artificially aging the aluminum alloy section after stretching and straightening, wherein the aging system is 175 +/-5 ℃ multiplied by 7 h.
The aluminum alloy round tube sections prepared in examples 1-5 and comparative examples were subjected to tensile tests according to GB-T228-.
Table :
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Comparative example | |
| Yield strength (Mp)a) | 285 | 288 | 283 | 291 | 287 | 303 |
| Tensile strength (Mpa) | 331 | 334 | 329 | 337 | 335 | 326 |
| Elongation (%) | 12.5 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 13.0 | 13.2 | 6.5 |
It can be seen from table that the elongation after fracture of the aluminum alloy section produced by the production process of the 6-series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube extruded section meets the performance requirement of the section by about 6.5 percent compared with the comparative example.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1, kinds of 6 series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube extrusion section bar production technology, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. preparing an aluminum alloy raw material according to the following weight part ratio: 1.35-1.45% of Si, 0.21% of Fe, 0.05% of Cu, 0.44-0.48% of Mn, 0.50-0.55% of Mg, 0.09% of Cr, 0.05% of Zn, 0.02% of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05% of other single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15% of impurities and the balance of Al, adding the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace, uniformly mixing, smelting into liquid aluminum alloy, and casting the liquid aluminum alloy into an aluminum alloy ingot;
B. b, homogenizing the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step A, wherein the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 450-500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-20 hours;
C. placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to homogenization treatment in the step B into an extruder for extrusion to obtain a required aluminum alloy section, wherein the extrusion die adopts a single-hole extrusion die, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 480-500 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion cast ingot is 510-530 ℃, the barrel body temperature of an extrusion barrel is 420-440 ℃, the extrusion ratio of the extrusion barrel is 48.8, and the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is 4.5-6 m/min;
D. c, performing online water mist quenching treatment on the aluminum alloy section extruded in the step C at an outlet of an extrusion die to ensure the size of the aluminum alloy section, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy section out of a quenching area is less than or equal to 180 ℃ in order to ensure the quenching strength;
E. d, stretching and straightening the aluminum alloy section quenched in the step D by a traction straightening machine, standing the stretched and straightened aluminum alloy section for 2 hours, and then cutting the aluminum alloy section to length;
F. and E, artificially aging the aluminum alloy section stretched and straightened in the step E, wherein the aging system is 145 +/-5 ℃ multiplied by 11h, and thus the aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube section is obtained.
2. The production process of the 6-series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube extruded section bar according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy smelting process in the step A is a semi-continuous casting method of melting, stirring, slagging, degassing and impurity removing, filtering and casting.
3. The production process of the 6-series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube extruded section as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the smelting furnace in the step A is controlled to be 700-750 ℃, and the refining agent is used for refining.
4. The process for producing an extruded 6-series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube profile of claim 3, wherein the extruder in the step C is a 75MN aluminum extruder, and the diameter of the extrusion cylinder is 300 mm.
5. The production process of the 6-series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube extruded section as claimed in claim 4, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy section after quenching in the step D is 20-30 ℃.
6. The production process of the 6-series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube extruded section as claimed in claim 5, wherein the quenching cooling speed of the aluminum alloy section in the step D is 50-80 ℃/min.
7. The process for producing an extruded 6-series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube profile as claimed in claim 6, wherein the amount of stretching of the aluminum alloy profile in the step E is controlled to be within 1%.
8. The process for producing an extruded 6-series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aging system in the step F is to keep the aluminum alloy profile warm after reaching the furnace temperature.
9. The process for producing an extruded 6-series aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thickness of the aluminum alloy ultrathin round tube prepared in step F is 1.60 to 1.65 mm.
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