CN107326227A - Rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions and its manufacture method - Google Patents
Rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107326227A CN107326227A CN201710691436.3A CN201710691436A CN107326227A CN 107326227 A CN107326227 A CN 107326227A CN 201710691436 A CN201710691436 A CN 201710691436A CN 107326227 A CN107326227 A CN 107326227A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
- B21D3/12—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by stretching with or without twisting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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Abstract
A kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions and its manufacture method, are related to the preparing technical field of aluminium alloy extrusions, and the manufacture method of the rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions comprises the following steps：Alloy melting, refining treatment, be cast as rod, casting rod sawing, homogenizing annealing, casting rod surface strip off the skin, casting rod heating, extruding, press quenching, tension straingtening, sawing, surface shaping, artificial aging, the manufacture method strictly controls each parameter in processing step, can mass production each wall size it is qualified, with good mechanical property, meet rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminum alloy materials intensity requirement；Obtained rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions can be specifically used to produce rail transit vehicle body skirtboard, can reduce the generation of disqualification rate, improve production efficiency, reduce manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparing technical field of aluminium alloy extrusions, and more particularly to a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium
Alloy profile and its manufacture method.
Background technology
The features such as aluminum alloy materials have low density, good corrosion resistance, intensity height and easy processing, in rail vehicle aluminium alloy
It is applied widely in car body production.Rail transit vehicle body skirtboard is mainly welded to form by aluminum alloy extrusion section bar, meets strong
Lightweight and aesthetic property demand is ensure that while spending.Existing rail transit vehicle body skirt shape is more complicated, hollow, wall
It is thin and long (length about 2m).
In the prior art, the links control range of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions extrusion process is manufactured
Relatively wide, heat treatment link control difficulty is big, and obtained aluminium alloy extrusions is also easy to produce distortion, deformation etc. in heat treatment process and lacked
Fall into, it is larger to skirtboard size and Effect on Mechanical Properties, it is impossible to ensure each wall size qualification of obtained aluminium alloy extrusions, cause
The rail transit vehicle body skirtboard uniformity and stability manufactured by the aluminium alloy extrusions is poor, extrusion process deflection is big, size not
Easy to control, every mechanical property can not meet requirement.In addition, processing rail transit vehicle body skirtboard using existing aluminium alloy extrusions
More waste product can be produced, low production efficiency, energy consumption is directly resulted in high.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, it can criticize
Each wall size of quantization production is qualified, rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions with good mechanical property.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, its each wall size
It is qualified and with good mechanical property, it can be specifically used to produce rail transit vehicle body skirtboard, production efficiency is high, energy consumption is low.
The present invention is solved its technical problem and realized using following technical scheme.
A kind of manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, it comprises the following steps：
Alloy raw material is sequentially passed through into melting, refining, and is cast as casting rod；
Casting rod is sawed into the extruding casting rod that length is 500-1000mm, Homogenization Treatments are then carried out：With heating rate
37-43 DEG C/min is warming up to 547 DEG C -553 DEG C, is incubated 7-9h, cooling；
Extruding casting rod progress surface after Homogenization Treatments is stripped off the skin, heated, to extruding casting rod heating and temperature control 495
DEG C -525 DEG C, to extruding casting rod head and tail temperature gradient control at 10 DEG C -20 DEG C；
Extruding casting rod after heating is carried out by extrusion process using pre-warmed extruder, extrusion coefficient is 50-100, is squeezed
Go out speed for 1.2-2.8m/min, extruding scallop-height is 50-70mm, and the extrudate squeezed out is directly quenched online
Fire；
Extrudate after quenching is carried out into tension straingtening to obtain aligning section bar, the extensibility of aligning section bar is 0.5%-
2.5%；
Sawing, surface shaping are carried out to aligning section bar, shaping section bar is obtained；
Ageing Treatment is carried out to shaping section bar, first stage aging temp is 120 DEG C -150 DEG C, insulation 2-3h, second-order
Section aging temp is 160 DEG C -190 DEG C, insulation 5-6h.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, the method for melting is：Pure electrolytic aluminium liquid is put into Dumpage type
In smelting furnace, add other each alloying element components and carry out melting, smelting temperature is 730 DEG C -760 DEG C, until above-mentioned alloy is former
Material is completely melt, obtains the uniform melt of composition.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, the method for refining is：By the melt transfer obtained by melting to insulation
In stove, treat that melt temperature is adjusted to 720 DEG C of -750 DEG C of progress furnace refining processing, then the melt in holding furnace is poured into chute
The middle melt carried out in online refining treatment, chute sequentially passes through the online degasification of online refinement, SNIF, CFF plate-type filterings, MCF
Tubular filter.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, furnace refining processing uses STAS refinery practices, is passed through
The volume ratio of argon gas-chlorine mixed gas is that argon gas accounts for 75%-100%, and chlorine accounts for 0%-25%, and rotor speed is 200-
400rpm, argon flow amount is 150-200L/min, and chlorine flowrate is 0-50L/min, refining time >=30min, purge time 2-
5min；Online refinement is used in Al-5Ti-1B addition chutes with wire feeder, and addition is 1.2-1.8kg/t；SNIF
Online degasification uses birotor, and argon flow amount is 3.2-7.1m3/ h, chlorine flowrate is 0-0.05m3/ h, rotor speed is
400-700r/min；CFF plate-type filterings use double-layer filter plate filtering.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, the method for casting is：By the melt casting Cheng Zhu obtained by refining
Rod, casting temperature is 682 DEG C -702 DEG C, and casting speed is 120-130mm/min.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, the method that surface strips off the skin is：Extruding casting rod is removed using flaying machine
The defect on surface, top layer processing capacity is 1-10mm, and surface roughness Ra≤25 after stripping off the skin, the extruding casting rod after stripping off the skin is a diameter of
583-587mm。
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, carry out extrusion process before, by the mould of extruder in 485 DEG C-
520 DEG C are heated, and are incubated 6-12h；The recipient of extruder is heated in 440 DEG C -460 DEG C.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, quenching uses strong wind cooling quenching, and upper air quantity is 50%-
90%, lower air quantity is 30%-70%, and the extrudate temperature after quenching is less than 80 DEG C.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, by weight percentage, casting rod is mainly by following alloying element group
Into：
Si：0.4-0.9%, Fe：≤ 0.35%, Cu≤0.35%, Mn：≤ 0.5%, Mg：0.4-0.8%, Cr：≤
0.3%th, Zn：≤ 0.25%, Ti：≤ 0.05%, Mn+Cr：≤ 0.5%, other individual element≤0.05%, other impurities element
Total amount≤0.15%, surplus is Al.
A kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, it uses above-mentioned rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy
The manufacture method of section bar is made.
The rail transit vehicle body skirtboard of the embodiment of the present invention is with the beneficial effect of aluminium alloy extrusions and its manufacture method：This
The manufacture method of the rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions of inventive embodiments comprises the following steps：Alloy melting, refining
Handle, be cast as that rod, casting rod sawing, homogenizing annealing, casting rod surface are stripped off the skin, casting rod heating, extruding, press quenching, stretching are rectified
Directly, sawing, surface shaping, artificial aging, the manufacture method strictly control each parameter in processing step, being capable of mass production
Each wall size is qualified, with good mechanical property, meets rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminum alloy materials intensity requirement.
Obtained rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions can be specifically used to produce rail transit vehicle body skirtboard, can reduce unqualified
The generation of rate, improves production efficiency, reduces manufacturing cost.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be attached to what is used required in embodiment
Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to this
A little accompanying drawings obtain other related accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow of the manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Embodiment
, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
The rail transit vehicle body skirtboard of the embodiment of the present invention is carried out specifically with aluminium alloy extrusions and its manufacture method below
Explanation.
Shown in reference picture 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of manufacturer of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions
Method, it comprises the following steps：
S1 alloy meltings：Alloy raw material is passed through into melting, melt is obtained.In the present embodiment, the method for melting is：Will be pure
Electrolytic aluminium liquid be put into Dumpage type smelting furnace, add other each alloying element components and carry out meltings, it is necessary to explanation, addition
Alloying element have magnesium ingot, chalybeate, manganese agent, chromium agent, copper agent, zinc agent, titanium agent, industrial silicon, need to control in fusion process
Smelting temperature, smelting temperature is 730 DEG C -760 DEG C, and electromagnetic agitation is used in fusion process, until above-mentioned alloy raw material melts completely
Change, obtain the uniform aluminium alloy melt of composition.
Control the alloy element component of melt identical with the alloy element component for being subsequently formed product, with percetage by weight
Meter, it is mainly made up of following alloying element：
Si：0.4-0.9%, Fe：≤ 0.35%, Cu≤0.35%, Mn：≤ 0.5%, Mg：0.4-0.8%, Cr：≤
0.3%th, Zn：≤ 0.25%, Ti：≤ 0.05%, Mn+Cr：≤ 0.5%, other individual element≤0.05%, other impurities element
Total amount≤0.15%, surplus is Al.
S2 is refined：Melt is passed through into refining treatment.In the present embodiment, the method for refining is：Will be molten obtained by above-mentioned melting
Body is transferred in holding furnace, treats that melt temperature is adjusted to 720 DEG C of -750 DEG C of progress furnace refining processing, then will be molten in holding furnace
Body, which is poured into chute, carries out online refining treatment, and the melt in chute sequentially passes through the online degasification of online refinement, SNIF, CFF
Plate-type filtering, MCF tubular filters.
Wherein, furnace refining processing uses STAS refinery practices, the volume ratio of the argon gas being passed through-chlorine mixed gas
Example accounts for 75%-100% for argon gas, and chlorine accounts for 0%-25%, and rotor speed is 200-400rpm, and argon flow amount is 150-200L/
Min, chlorine flowrate is 0-50L/min, refining time >=30min, purge time 2-5min.
Online refinement is used in Al-5Ti-1B addition chutes with wire feeder, and addition is 1.2-1.8kg/t,
Preferably 1.5kg/t.It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention feeds Al-5Ti-1B using online, it is therefore an objective to fining agent is existed
The effect of crystal grain thinning is reached in melt process of setting by heterogeneous forming core.
The online degasification of SNIF uses birotor, and the argon flow amount of rotor 1 and rotor 2 is 3.2-7.1m3/ h, rotor 1
Chlorine flowrate with rotor 2 is 0-0.05m3/ h, rotor speed is 400-700r/min.Using locating online outside SNIF method melt stoves
Reason reaches the double action of degasification slagging-off.
Melt filtration uses double-stage filtering, i.e. CFF-MCF combined filtrations, it is ensured that efficiently remove the gred effect, and CFF plate-type filterings are adopted
It is double-layer filter plate filtering.
S3 is cast as rod：By the melt casting of above-mentioned refined purified treatment into casting rod.In the present embodiment, the method for casting
It is：Casting temperature is 682 DEG C -702 DEG C, and casting speed is 120-130mm/min.
The casting rod is 6A01 alloys, and by weight percentage, the casting rod is mainly made up of following alloying element：
Si：0.4-0.9%, Fe：≤ 0.35%, Cu≤0.35%, Mn：≤ 0.5%, Mg：0.4-0.8%, Cr：≤
0.3%th, Zn：≤ 0.25%, Ti：≤ 0.05%, Mn+Cr：≤ 0.5%, other individual element≤0.05%, other impurities element
Total amount≤0.15%, surplus is Al.
It is preferred that, casting rod is mainly made up of following alloying element：
Si：0.57-0.65%, Fe：≤ 0.20%, Cu≤0.15%, Mn：0.16-0.23%, Mg：0.58-0.68%,
Cr：0.11-0.17%, Zn：≤ 0.15%, Ti：0.02-0.04%, Mn+Cr：≤ 0.5%, other individual element≤0.05%,
Other impurities element total amount≤0.15%, surplus is Al.
S4 casting rod sawings：Casting rod is sawed into length for 500-1000mm, preferably 720-750mm extruding casting rod.
S5 homogenizing annealings：Above-mentioned extruding casting rod is put into the stove that homogenizes and carries out Homogenization Treatments, is specifically with heating
37 DEG C -43 DEG C/min of speed is warming up to 547 DEG C -553 DEG C, is incubated 7-9h, preferably 8h, cooling.Wherein, the method for cooling is：
First air-cooled to 200 DEG C of cooling chamber, then water cooling is to room temperature.The purpose of homogenizing annealing is the uneven eutectic structure in casting rod is existed
Distribution tends to be uniform in matrix, and super saturated solid solution element is separated out from solid, improves casting rod plasticity, reduces rock deformation pressure, more sharp
In extrusion process.
S6 casting rods surface strips off the skin：Extruding casting rod after Homogenization Treatments is carried out into surface to strip off the skin.In the present embodiment, surface is taken off
The method of skin is：The defects such as being mingled with of extruding casting rod surface, greasy dirt, top layer segregation layer are removed using flaying machine, reduced in extruding
There is contracting tail in the turbulent stage.Wherein, top layer processing capacity is 1-10mm, surface roughness Ra≤25 after stripping off the skin, squeezing after stripping off the skin
The a diameter of 583-587mm of die casting rod.
S7 casting rods are heated：Using power frequency heating furnace casting rod is entered wardrobe, in, tail gradient-heated, this measure is easy to pull open end to end
Temperature difference, so that the temperature rise that fuel factor in extrusion process is brought is eliminated, to the heating and temperature control in the middle part of extruding casting rod 495
DEG C -525 DEG C, to extruding casting rod head and tail temperature gradient control at 10 DEG C -20 DEG C.It should be noted that casting rod heating-up temperature must not
It is too high, in order to avoid cause casting rod burning.
S8 is extruded：It is specifically that the extruding casting rod after heating is put into heating using preheating 150MN extruder forward extrusions
Extrusion process is carried out in the recipient crossed, extrusion coefficient is 50-100, and preferably 74-78, extruded velocity is 1.2-2.8m/min,
Preferably 1.6-2.4m/min, extruding scallop-height is 50-70mm, preferably 60mm.
In the present embodiment, carry out extrusion process before, the mould of extruder is placed in mould heating furnace, in 485 DEG C-
520 DEG C are heated, and are incubated 6-12h；The recipient of extruder is heated in 440 DEG C -460 DEG C, the preferred of mould adds
Hot temperature is 500 DEG C, and the preferred heating-up temperature of recipient is 450 DEG C.
It is furthermore preferred that the heating stepses of mould, recipient synchronous with above-mentioned casting rod heating stepses can be carried out, during saving
Between.It should be noted that recipient temperature should suitably coordinate with casting rod temperature, properly increase and extrude synthermal, be conducive to metal
The increase of mobility, reduces deformed region scope, reduces coarse grain ring depth.Recipient heating and temperature control is 450 in the present invention
℃。
S9 press quenchings：Directly carry out press quenching to the extrudate squeezed out, the purpose of quenching is to obtain height
The supersaturated solid solution of concentration, is that artificial aging creates necessary condition.In the present embodiment, extrudate model outlet temperature is not
Enter press quenching area less than 500 DEG C, quenching uses strong wind cooling quenching, to ensure to obtain high saturation solid solution in matrix
Body, wherein, upper air quantity be 50%-90%, preferably 60%-70%, lower air quantity be 30%-70%, preferably 40%-45%,
Extrudate temperature after quenching is less than 80 DEG C.
S10 tension straingtenings, sawing：Extrudate after quenching is carried out into tension straingtening to obtain aligning section bar, tension straingtening
Purpose be bending in order to eliminate product and turn round and twist equidimension defect, make the extrudate after tension straingtening in the case of stretching
Extensibility control be 0.5%-2.5%；After tension straingtening, finished product sawing, sampling, dipping are carried out to aligning section bar.
The shaping of S11 surfaces：Hammered into shape using skin and wooden unit bedding and padding carry out local shaping to the aligning section bar after sawing, using special
Section bar detects that model and clearance gauge are measured to product, it is ensured that size qualification, and shaping section bar is obtained after the shaping of surface, and dress basket is waited
Ageing Treatment.
S12 artificial agings：Ageing Treatment is carried out to shaping section bar using two-stage time effect stove, the purpose of artificial aging is to quench
At a certain temperature, held for some time makes supersaturated solid solution to the unstable supersaturated solid solution of section bar after fire
Decompose, cause increasing considerably for alloy strength and hardness.Wherein, first stage aging temp is 120 DEG C -150 DEG C, insulation 2-
3h, first stage preferred aging temp be 135 DEG C -140 DEG C, insulation 2.5h, second stage aging temp be 160 DEG C -190 DEG C,
5-6h is incubated, the preferred aging temp of second stage is 175 DEG C -180 DEG C, insulation 5.5h.Cooling, packaging and storage after artificial aging,
It can obtain rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, and it uses above-mentioned track to hand over
Be open to traffic body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions manufacture method be made.The embodiment of the present invention strictly controls each parameter in processing step,
Result in that size qualification, combination property be optimal and aluminium alloy extrusions of structural homogenity, meeting rail transit vehicle body skirtboard makes
Demand.
The feature and performance to the present invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, and it uses following manufacture method to be made：
A. melting：Pure electrolytic aluminium liquid is put into Dumpage type smelting furnace, other each alloying element components is added and carries out
Melting, smelting temperature is 745 DEG C, is completely melt raw material, and obtains the uniform aluminium alloy melt of composition, and control melt is by by weight
Measure the following alloy element component composition of fraction meter：Si：0.57%th, Fe：0.10%th, Cu：0.13%th, Mn：0.18%th, Mg：
0.58%th, Cr：0.11%th, Zn：0.08%th, Ti：0.02%th, Mn+Cr：0.28%, other individual element≤0.05%, other are miscellaneous
Prime element total amount≤0.15%, surplus is Al.
B. refining treatment：By above-mentioned melt transfer into holding furnace, treat that melt temperature is adjusted to 740 DEG C of progress furnace refinings
Processing：The volume ratio of the argon gas being passed through-chlorine mixed gas is that argon gas accounts for 75%, and chlorine accounts for 25%, and rotor speed is
300rpm, argon flow amount is set as 180L/min, and chlorine flowrate is set as 30L/min, refining time 50min, purge time
3min.The melt in holding furnace is poured into chute again and carries out online refinement, the online degasification of SNIF, CFF plate-type filterings, MCF
Tubular filter：Online refinement uses wire feeder by Al-5Ti-1B addition chutes, and addition is 1.5kg/t；SNIF exists
Line degasification uses birotor, and the argon flow amount of rotor 1 and rotor 2 is 4.8m3The chlorine flowrate of/h, rotor 1 and rotor 2 is
0.03m3/ h, rotor speed is 500r/min；CFF plate-type filterings are filtered using double-layer filter plate.
C. it is cast as rod：By the melt casting of above-mentioned refining purified treatment into casting rod, casting temperature is 695 DEG C, casting speed
Spend for 125mm/min.Casting rod is 6A01 alloys, and its alloy element component constitutes the alloy element component composition phase with above-mentioned melt
Together.
D. casting rod sawing：Casting rod is sawed into 730mm length as extruding casting rod.
E. homogenizing annealing：Extruding casting rod is put into the stove that homogenizes and carries out Homogenization Treatments, furnace gas temperature is 550 DEG C,
Heating rate is 40 DEG C/min, soaking time 8h, in first air-cooled to 200 DEG C of cooling chamber, then water cooling is to room temperature.
F. casting rod surface strips off the skin：Using flaying machine remove ingot casting surface be mingled with, the defect, top layer such as greasy dirt, top layer segregation layer
Processing capacity is 5mm, surface roughness Ra=10, and ingot diameters are 585mm after stripping off the skin.
G. casting rod is heated：Using power frequency heating furnace casting rod is entered wardrobe, in, tail gradient-heated, heating and temperature control is 510
DEG C, head and tail temperature gradient is controlled at 20 DEG C.
Mould and recipient heating：Mould is heated in mould heating furnace with 500 DEG C, soaking time 8h, extruded
Cylinder heating-up temperature is 450 DEG C.
H. extrude：Using 150MN extruders, the casting rod after heating is put into recipient and carries out extrusion process, extruding system
Number is 67, and extrudate muzzle velocity is 2.01m/min, and extruding scallop-height is 60mm.
I. press quenching：Temperature is not less than 500 DEG C and enters press quenching area during extrudate model outlet, and quenching mode is selected
Strong wind cooling quenching is selected, to ensure to obtain high saturated solid solution in matrix, upper air quantity is adjusted to 70%, and lower air quantity is adjusted to 40%,
Products temperature after quenching is less than 80 DEG C.
J. tension straingtening, sawing：Extrudate after quenching is carried out into tension straingtening to obtain aligning section bar, stretched in section bar
In the case of restrained stretching rate be 0.9%, after tension straingtening, carry out finished product sawing, sampling, dipping.
K. surface shaping：Local shaping is carried out to section bar using skin hammer and wooden unit bedding and padding, model is detected using special-purpose section
And clearance gauge is measured to product, it is ensured that size qualification, shaping section bar is obtained after the shaping of surface, is framed up.
L. artificial aging：Ageing Treatment is carried out using two-stage time effect stove, first stage aging temp is 135 DEG C, insulation
2.5h, second stage aging temp is cooling, packaging and storage after 175 DEG C, insulation 5.5h, artificial aging, can obtain required rail
Road traffic car body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, and the rail transit vehicle body skirtboard is closed with aluminium
The manufacture method of metal type material is roughly the same with the manufacture method in embodiment 1, and difference is：Melt in the present embodiment,
And the casting rod being subsequently formed is made up of the alloy element component of the following meter of fraction by weight：Si：0.65%th, Fe：0.20%th,
Cu：0.15%th, Mn：0.23%th, Mg：0.68%th, Cr：0.17%th, Zn：0.15%th, Ti：0.04%th, Mn+Cr：0.4%, other
Individual element≤0.05%, other impurities element total amount≤0.15%, surplus is Al, and rail transit vehicle body skirtboard is finally made and uses
Aluminium alloy extrusions.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, and the rail transit vehicle body skirtboard is closed with aluminium
The manufacture method of metal type material is roughly the same with the manufacture method in embodiment 1, and difference is：Pressing steps in the present embodiment
Rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions is finally made for 2.4m/min in the extrudate muzzle velocity used.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, and the rail transit vehicle body skirtboard is closed with aluminium
The manufacture method of metal type material is roughly the same with the manufacture method in embodiment 1, and difference is：It is online strong in the present embodiment
The upper air quantity of wind quenching fire is adjusted to 60%, and lower air quantity is adjusted to 35%, and rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions is finally made.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, and the rail transit vehicle body skirtboard is closed with aluminium
The manufacture method of metal type material is roughly the same with the manufacture method in embodiment 1, and difference is：In the present embodiment, stretching is rectified
Extensibility of the section bar in the case where stretching after straight is 1.2%, and rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions is finally made.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment provides a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, and the rail transit vehicle body skirtboard is closed with aluminium
The manufacture method of metal type material is roughly the same with the manufacture method in embodiment 1, and difference is：The timeliness that the present embodiment is used
System is：First stage aging temp is 130 DEG C, insulation 3h, and second stage aging temp is 180 DEG C, insulation 6h, is finally made
Rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions.
Rail transit vehicle body skirtboard obtained by above example 1-6 is sampled with aluminium alloy extrusions finished product, room temperature tensile is carried out
Performance test, accordingly result is shown in Table 1.
The room temperature tensile properties testing result of each embodiment sample of table 1
As can be seen from the above table：The rail transit vehicle body skirtboard obtained using the manufacture method production of the embodiment of the present invention is used
Aluminium alloy extrusions has preferable mechanical performance：Tensile strength >=259MPa, Proof strength of non-proportional >=221MPa, has no progeny
Extensibility A >=17%, every mechanical performance index is substantially better than the mechanical performance index of standard aluminum alloy extrusion section bar.Therefore,
It is strong that the rail transit vehicle body skirtboard of the embodiment of the present invention meets rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminum alloy materials with aluminium alloy extrusions
Degree is required, can be specifically used to produce rail transit vehicle body skirtboard, while the rate that can reduce the number of rejects and seconds, improves production efficiency, reduction life
Cost is produced, with obvious economic benefit.
In summary, the manufacture method of the rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions of the embodiment of the present invention being capable of batch
Metaplasia produces that each wall size is qualified, rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions with good mechanical property, the rail
Traffic car body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions in road can be specifically used to produce rail transit vehicle body skirtboard, and production efficiency is high, energy consumption is low.
Embodiments described above is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.The reality of the present invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected implementation of the present invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：
Alloy raw material is sequentially passed through into melting, refining, and is cast as casting rod；
The casting rod is sawed into the extruding casting rod that length is 500-1000mm, Homogenization Treatments are then carried out：With heating rate
37-43 DEG C/min is warming up to 547 DEG C -553 DEG C, is incubated 7-9h, cooling；
Extruding casting rod progress surface after Homogenization Treatments is stripped off the skin, heated, to the extruding casting rod heating and temperature control
At 495 DEG C -525 DEG C, to the extruding casting rod head and tail temperature gradient control at 10 DEG C -20 DEG C；
The extruding casting rod after heating is carried out by extrusion process using pre-warmed extruder, extrusion coefficient is 50-100, is squeezed
Go out speed for 1.2-2.8m/min, extruding scallop-height is 50-70mm, and the extrudate squeezed out is directly quenched online
Fire；
The extrudate after quenching is carried out into tension straingtening to obtain aligning section bar, the extensibility of the aligning section bar is
0.5%-2.5%；
Sawing, surface shaping are carried out to the aligning section bar, shaping section bar is obtained；
Ageing Treatment is carried out to the shaping section bar, first stage aging temp is 120 DEG C -150 DEG C, insulation 2-3h, second-order
Section aging temp is 160 DEG C -190 DEG C, insulation 5-6h.
2. the manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the method for melting is：Pure electrolytic aluminium liquid is put into Dumpage type smelting furnace, other each alloying element components is added and carries out
Melting, smelting temperature is 730 DEG C -760 DEG C, until above-mentioned alloy raw material is completely melt, obtains the uniform melt of composition.
3. the manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the method for refining is：By the melt transfer obtained by melting into holding furnace, treat that melt temperature is adjusted to 720 DEG C of -750 DEG C of progress
Furnace refining is handled, then the melt in holding furnace is poured into chute carries out online refining treatment, and the melt in chute is successively
By online refinement, the online degasification of SNIF, CFF plate-type filterings, MCF tubular filters.
4. the manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute
State furnace refining processing and use STAS refinery practices, the volume ratio of the argon gas being passed through-chlorine mixed gas accounts for for argon gas
75%-100%, chlorine accounts for 0%-25%, and rotor speed is 200-400rpm, and argon flow amount is 150-200L/min, cl gas flow
Measure as 0-50L/min, refining time >=30min, purge time 2-5min；Online refinement is used Al- with wire feeder
5Ti-1B add in the chute, and addition is 1.2-1.8kg/t；The online degasification of SNIF uses birotor, argon gas stream
Measure as 3.2-7.1m3/ h, chlorine flowrate is 0-0.05m3/ h, rotor speed is 400-700r/min；What CFF plate-type filterings were used
It is double-layer filter plate filtering.
5. the manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the method for casting is：By the melt casting obtained by refining into casting rod, casting temperature is 682 DEG C -702 DEG C, and casting speed is
120-130mm/min。
6. the manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the method that surface strips off the skin is：The defect on the extruding casting rod surface is removed using flaying machine, top layer processing capacity is 1-10mm, is taken off
Surface roughness Ra≤25 after skin, a diameter of 583-587mm of extruding casting rod after stripping off the skin.
7. the manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Carry out before extrusion process, the mould of the extruder is heated in 485 DEG C -520 DEG C, and be incubated 6-12h；By extruder
Recipient is heated in 440 DEG C -460 DEG C.
8. the manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State quenching and use strong wind cooling quenching, upper air quantity is 50%-90%, and lower air quantity is 30%-70%, described crowded after quenching
Die mould material temperature is less than 80 DEG C.
9. the manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that with
Percent by weight, the casting rod is mainly made up of following alloying element：
Si：0.4-0.9%, Fe：≤ 0.35%, Cu≤0.35%, Mn：≤ 0.5%, Mg：0.4-0.8%, Cr：≤ 0.3%,
Zn：≤ 0.25%, Ti：≤ 0.05%, Mn+Cr：≤ 0.5%, other individual element≤0.05%, other impurities element total amount≤
0.15%, surplus is Al.
10. a kind of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions, it is characterised in that it is used as any in claim 1 to 9
The manufacture method of rail transit vehicle body skirtboard aluminium alloy extrusions described in is made.
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| CN115896653A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-04-04 | 广东领胜新材料科技有限公司 | Continuous casting and rolling device and method for high-strength aluminum alloy round rod |
| CN115896653B (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2024-04-02 | 广东领胜新材料科技有限公司 | Continuous casting and rolling device and method for high-strength aluminum alloy round rod |
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