CN115896653A - Continuous casting and rolling device and method for high-strength aluminum alloy round rod - Google Patents
Continuous casting and rolling device and method for high-strength aluminum alloy round rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN115896653A CN115896653A CN202211647016.2A CN202211647016A CN115896653A CN 115896653 A CN115896653 A CN 115896653A CN 202211647016 A CN202211647016 A CN 202211647016A CN 115896653 A CN115896653 A CN 115896653A
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The continuous casting and rolling device comprises a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace, a tilting type heat preservation furnace with a permanent magnetic stirring device, a double-rotor degassing box, a double-filter-plate filter box, a belt type continuous casting machine, a medium-frequency induction heater, a Y-shaped continuous rolling machine, a quenching device and a curling device in sequence according to the production process flow. The continuous casting and rolling method sequentially comprises the steps of smelting and preparing aluminum alloy liquid, blowing and refining in a furnace, online degassing and filtering outside the furnace, continuous casting billet induction heating, continuous rolling of an aluminum alloy round rod, quenching and curling. The invention reduces the fluctuation of the strength and the electric conductivity of the aluminum alloy round bar by improving the component uniformity of the aluminum alloy liquid and the stability of the rolling and quenching temperature of the aluminum alloy round bar, the fluctuation range of the strength is less than 10MPa, and the fluctuation range of the electric conductivity is less than 0.5 percent IACS, thereby obtaining the high-strength aluminum alloy round bar with uniform performance and stable quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy continuous casting and rolling, and particularly relates to a continuous casting and rolling device and method for a high-strength aluminum alloy round rod.
Background
With the continuous and rapid development of national economy and the continuous improvement of living standard of people in China, the demand on electric power is continuously increased. The aluminum alloy conductor is a carrier for transmitting electric power, and the electric conductivity of the aluminum alloy conductor directly determines the electric energy loss of the power transmission line. The conductivity of the aluminum alloy conductor is improved, the electric energy loss of the power transmission line can be reduced, and the power transmission efficiency of the line is improved. In addition, the breadth of China is large, the power transmission line needs to span a large number of rivers and lakes, high mountain canyons and ice-covered areas, and in order to improve the power transmission safety of a power grid, the strength of the aluminum alloy wire needs to be continuously improved.
The Chinese patent application with publication number CN105296810A discloses a continuous casting and rolling production process of a high-strength aluminum alloy rod, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: melting an aluminum ingot in a smelting furnace to form aluminum liquid, and filling the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation; step two: carrying out ingredient refining according to the proportion; step three: continuously casting by using a casting machine to obtain an ingot blank; automatic water pressure control in different areas is adopted in continuous casting; step four: continuously rolling the mixture by induction heating to a temperature of more than or equal to 520 ℃; the rolling system is formed by connecting two rolling mills in series and comprises a roughing mill and a high rolling mill; step five: quenching; step six: and (6) taking up the wire. The invention adopts the automatic water pressure control in different areas in the continuous casting process, and solves the problems of the prior art that the ingot blank has cracks and the surface of the drawn wire has burrs.
The Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN106938279A discloses a novel combined production method for rolling aluminum and aluminum alloy round rods by using a continuous casting and rolling mill set, and a production unit consists of two heat preservation furnaces, two degassing boxes, two filter boxes, two continuous casting and rolling mill sets and two take-up devices. Each combined production unit shares a set of cooling facilities and control system and is operated by a group of stokehole operators and a group of main and auxiliary operators. Each continuous casting and rolling unit is provided with a heat preservation furnace, a degassing box, two filtering chambers and two take-up cages. The aluminum liquid outlets of the two holding furnaces of each combined unit are connected, so that the requirements of the aluminum liquid of the two rolling mills can be met independently or mutually; two independent heat preservation chambers are arranged in each heat preservation furnace, and the two heat preservation chambers can independently or alternatively meet the requirement of one rolling mill group for molten aluminum. The patent application reduces the equipment investment, energy consumption, material consumption and production cost through the combined production method.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN106312003A discloses an aluminum alloy continuous casting and rolling production line, which comprises a melting furnace, a holding furnace, a cooling water tower, an online degassing/filtering box, a continuous casting machine, a traction rolling shear, a straightening cutting machine, an oil circuit lubricating system and a recovery device, and is convenient for recycling waste materials generated in the production process, thereby greatly saving raw materials.
The Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN113369331A discloses a continuous casting and rolling preparation method of a 6061 aluminum alloy round rod, which comprises the steps of aluminum liquid smelting, aluminum liquid alloying, aluminum liquid electromagnetic stirring, aluminum liquid refining, an aluminum liquid converter, aluminum liquid online degassing, aluminum liquid online filtering, aluminum liquid flow control, aluminum liquid continuous casting, aluminum billet online straightening, aluminum billet intermediate frequency induction furnace heating, aluminum billet rough rolling, aluminum billet finish rolling, finished round rod online atomization quenching, finished round rod automatic winding and finished product roll packing. The invention solves the problems of unstable physical properties, low tensile strength and elongation, poor surface quality of finished products and the like in the existing continuous casting and rolling production of 6061 aluminum alloy round rods.
The Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN111910110A discloses an aluminum-magnesium-silicon series aluminum alloy wire and a preparation method thereof, wherein the aluminum-magnesium-silicon series aluminum alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si:0.25-0.35%, fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, cu:0.10-0.20%, mn: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, mg:0.30-0.50%, zn:0.1-0.2%, ti: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, V: less than or equal to 0.001%, cr: less than or equal to 0.002%, be:0.003-0.01% and Al for the rest. The preparation method comprises the steps of smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid, casting, rolling to form an aluminum alloy rod, and carrying out aging treatment and wire drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy rod. The aluminum alloy wire has an electric conductivity of 59% or more of IACS but a tensile strength of less than 250MPa.
The Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN103498084A discloses a novel high-strength high-conductivity aluminum alloy wire and a preparation method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.45 to 0.9 percent of Mg, 0.2 to 0.6 percent of Si, 0.1 to 1 percent of Re, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of B and the balance of Al. The preparation method comprises the steps of preheating raw materials and a die, smelting and casting, extruding and drawing. The aluminum alloy wire has an electrical conductivity of greater than 56% IACS but a tensile strength of less than 288 MPa.
The Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN108754248A discloses an aluminum alloy wire for an overhead stranded wire and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2 to 1.4 percent of Mg, 1.6 to 1.8 percent of Si, 0.08 to 0.12 percent of La, 0.02 to 0.03 percent of Ce, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of Cr, 001 to 0.02 percent of V, 0.005 to 0.01 percent of Ti, 0.0005 to 0.001 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Fe, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: smelting and preparing aluminum alloy liquid, blowing and refining in a furnace, online grain refinement, online degassing and filtering, high-energy ultrasonic stirring, constant-temperature continuous casting and rolling, online quenching, torque-free drawing and artificial aging. The aluminum alloy wire has a tensile strength of greater than 330 MPa, but an electric conductivity of less than 54.5% IACS.
From the production practice and the document data retrieval result, the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod manufactured by the prior art still has the problems of large high-strength fluctuation range and unstable performance and quality, and particularly, the strength uniformity and consistency of the aluminum alloy round rods produced before and after the same batch production and different batches are poor, so that the aluminum alloy round rod is easy to break when an aluminum alloy wire filament is subsequently drawn, the production continuity is influenced, and the aluminum alloy wire is likely to have unpredictable fracture risk in the using process. In addition, since the conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy are restricted, increasing the conductivity of the aluminum alloy inevitably sacrifices part of the strength, and it is difficult to achieve both the improvement of the conductivity and the improvement of the strength. In the prior art, in order to improve the conductivity of the aluminum alloy, rare earth elements are usually added into the aluminum alloy, but the rare earth elements are expensive, and the production cost of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod is increased. Therefore, the existing continuous casting and rolling device and method for the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod still need to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and the defects, and provides a continuous casting and rolling device and a continuous casting and rolling method for a high-strength aluminum alloy round rod.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides a continuous casting and rolling device for a high-strength aluminum alloy round rod, which is characterized by sequentially comprising a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace, a tilting heat preservation furnace with a permanent magnetic stirring device, a double-rotor degassing tank, a double-filter-plate filter tank, a belt type continuous casting machine, a medium-frequency induction heater, a Y-shaped continuous rolling machine, a quenching device and a curling device according to a production process flow.
Preferably, the permanent magnet stirring device is used for stirring the aluminum alloy liquid in a circulation mode of rotating forward for 1 minute and then rotating backward for 1 minute.
Preferably, the rotation speed of a graphite rotor of the double-rotor degassing box is 400-500 rpm, the gas flow on the graphite rotor is 3-4 cubic meters per hour, the gas pressure is 0.5-1 MPa, the gas is a mixed gas consisting of argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9% and chlorine with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9%, and the volume percentage of the chlorine is 5-10%.
Preferably, the mesh number of the front foamed ceramic filter plate of the double-filter-plate filter box is 40 meshes, and the mesh number of the rear foamed ceramic filter plate is 80 meshes.
The second aspect of the invention provides a continuous casting and rolling method for a high-strength aluminum alloy round rod, which is characterized in that the continuous casting and rolling method for the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the composition and mass percentage of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod, selecting an aluminum ingot with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7 percent, a magnesium ingot with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy and aluminum-chromium alloy as raw materials for proportioning;
(2) Heating and melting an aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid at 740-760 ℃ in a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace;
(3) Transferring the aluminum liquid from the aluminum melting furnace to a tilting heat preservation furnace with a permanent magnetic stirring device through a launder, then adding magnesium ingots, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy and aluminum-chromium alloy to melt into aluminum alloy liquid, and simultaneously starting the permanent magnetic stirring device to stir the aluminum alloy liquid;
(4) After the permanent magnetic stirring device is closed, argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.1 to 0.15 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid are used for blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 to 20 minutes to carry out first degassing and impurity removing treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 to 20 minutes;
(5) Blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 15-20 minutes by using argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.1-0.15 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to perform secondary degassing and impurity removing treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 20-40 minutes;
(6) Aluminum alloy liquid in the tilting type heat preservation furnace sequentially flows through the dual-rotor degassing box and the dual-filter plate filter box through the launder to carry out degassing and filtering treatment;
(7) Under the conditions that the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid is 700-710 ℃ and the rotating linear speed of the crystallizing wheel of the belt continuous casting machine is 10-12 m/min, the aluminum alloy liquid flows into the belt continuous casting machine through a launder to be continuously cast into an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet;
(8) Passing an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet through a medium-frequency induction heater to heat to 490-500 ℃;
(9) Sending the continuous aluminum alloy casting billet into a Y-shaped continuous rolling mill to be continuously rolled into an aluminum alloy round rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm;
(10) And (3) passing the aluminum alloy round rod through a quenching device, cooling to room temperature, and coiling the aluminum alloy round rod through a coiling device to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod.
Preferably, in the step (3), the permanent magnetic stirring device is started to stir the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 to 25 minutes in a circulation mode of forward rotation for 1 minute and then reverse rotation for 1 minute.
The uniformity of the components of the aluminum alloy liquid is the basis and key for ensuring the uniformity of the strength and the electric conductivity of the aluminum alloy round rod. In order to improve the uniformity of the composition of the aluminum alloy liquid, it is necessary to enhance the stirring of the aluminum alloy liquid in the holding furnace. The aluminum alloy liquid is stirred for 15-25 minutes in a circulation mode of forward rotation for 1 minute and then reverse rotation for 1 minute by adopting the permanent magnet stirring device, so that the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace can be fully and uniformly stirred. In addition, after the uniform stirring, the components of the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace should be detected on site, if the components are unqualified, material supplementing is needed, meanwhile, the permanent magnetic stirring device is started again to stir the aluminum alloy, and then the components of the aluminum alloy are detected until the components of the aluminum alloy liquid are qualified.
In the step (4) and the step (5), nitrogen or mixed gas of nitrogen and argon can be adopted to blow and refine the aluminum alloy liquid, and as the nitrogen and the aluminum alloy liquid can react to produce aluminum nitride and remain in the aluminum slag, when encountering water, the aluminum nitride and the water can react to generate ammonia gas which is AlN +3H and can strongly stimulate and smell 2 O=Al(OH) 3 ↓+NH 3 And ×. Er @, causing environmental pollution and harm to human health. Therefore, in the step (4) and the step (5), it is preferable to blow-refine the aluminum alloy liquid with argon gas having a purity of not less than 99.9%.
In the prior art, aluminum alloy liquid in a heat preservation furnace is refined by one-time blowing. The inventor surprisingly finds out through experimental study that under the condition that the consumption of the refining agent and the refining time are the same, the effect of degassing and impurity removing of blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid twice by dividing the refining agent is better than that of degassing and impurity removing of blowing and refining once, the separation of hydrogen and impurities in the aluminum alloy liquid is more facilitated by dividing the refining agent into blowing and refining twice, and more sufficient floating time is obtained.
The temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace is not too high during refining in the step (4) and the step (5), otherwise, the burning loss of the aluminum alloy liquid is aggravated. The temperature is not too low, otherwise, the degassing and impurity removing effects of the refining agent are reduced. Preferably, the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid in the holding furnace during refining is 710-730 ℃. The dosage of the refining agent is not too low, and the ideal effect of degassing and impurity removal cannot be achieved. The larger the amount of the refining agent is, the better the degassing and impurity removing effects are, but the production cost and the discharge amount of smoke and aluminum slag are also increased, and the environmental pollution is caused. Because the refining agent has higher degassing and impurity removing efficiency, under the condition of the same addition, compared with the existing refining agent, the refining agent can obtain cleaner aluminum alloy liquid, and is beneficial to improving the electric conductivity of the aluminum alloy round rod.
Preferably, the refining agent in the step (4) and the step (5) consists of the following components in percentage by mass: mgCl 2 30-45%，KCl 25-40%，KBF 4 5-10%，K 2 ZrF 6 5-10%，SrCO 3 6-8%，MnCl 2 3-5%，BaCl 2 2-4%。
The gas removal edulcoration efficiency of current refining agent is general lower, increases the quantity of refining agent and though can improve the gas removal edulcoration effect, but also can increase the alkali metal content of aluminium alloy liquid and the emission of aluminium sediment, causes secondary pollution to aluminium alloy liquid, can reduce the electric conductivity and the intensity of aluminium alloy round bar on the contrary. The existing refining agent also commonly contains a large amount of components such as villiaumite, nitrate, sulfate, hexachloroethane and the like, and a large amount of irritant and unpleasant smoke gas such as hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide and the like is generated in the refining process, so that the environmental pollution and the harm to the human health are caused. In addition, the existing refining agent has single function and cannot meet the production requirement of the high-strength high-conductivity aluminum alloy round rod.
In order to improve the purification effect of the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace and improve the conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy round rod, the inventor develops a high-efficiency environment-friendly multifunctional refining agent through a large amount of experimental research, and the refining agent contains 30-45% of MgCl 2 25-40% of KCl,5-10% of KBF 4 5-10% of K 2 ZrF 6 6-8% of SrCO 3 3-5% of MnCl 2 2-4% of BaCl 2 . Wherein, mgCl 2 And KCl is the main component of refining agent, mgCl 2 KCl and aluminum alloy liquid react to generate AlCl with the boiling point of 182.7 DEG C 3 ，AlCl 3 The bubbles can adsorb partial hydrogen and impurities in the aluminum alloy liquid floating process, so that the effects of degassing, removing impurities and purifying are achieved. Part of MgCl 2 And KCl is directly decomposed under the heat action of high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid to release Cl + Ions, cl + Ions react with hydrogen in the aluminum alloy liquid to generate HCl gas, HCl bubbles further adsorb and take away impurities in the process of overflowing the aluminum alloy liquid, and the efficient degassing, impurity removal and purification effects are achieved.
K 2 ZrF 6 And KBF 4 Can be mixed with aluminum alloyLiquid reaction to produce KAlF 4 、K 3 AlF 6 Zr and ZrB 2 Reaction to give KAlF 4 And K 3 AlF 6 Is in molten salt state, has large surface tension, is not infiltrated with aluminum alloy liquid, and is suitable for Al 2 O 3 The oxide inclusions have good dissolving and wetting effects and can promote Al 2 O 3 And the separation of oxide inclusions and aluminum alloy liquid improves the effects of impurity removal and purification. By-products Zr and ZrB obtained by the reaction 2 The aluminum alloy liquid can be used as a heterogeneous nucleation core during the solidification of the aluminum alloy liquid, the effect of refining crystal grains is achieved, the special addition of a refiner for refining the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy is omitted, and the production cost of the aluminum alloy round rod is reduced.
The Si phase in the aluminum alloy is usually in a long strip needle shape in a casting state, so that the strength of the aluminum alloy round rod cannot be enhanced, an aluminum matrix can be cut, and the strength and the plasticity of the aluminum alloy round rod are reduced. In the prior art, generally, after refining, degassing and impurity removal in a furnace, metal strontium or an aluminum-strontium alloy is added into an aluminum alloy liquid to refine a modified acicular Si phase, but the addition of strontium easily causes the aluminum alloy liquid to absorb hydrogen again to increase the gas content. After a great deal of experimental research, the inventor finds that SrCO is added into the refining agent 3 ，SrCO 3 Decomposition to CO in high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid 2 With Sr, CO 2 The bubbles can absorb hydrogen and capture Al in the floating process 2 O 3 And impurities are removed, so that the effects of degassing, removing impurities and purifying are achieved. Meanwhile, sr element enters the aluminum alloy liquid to perform the refining and modification effects on the Si phase, so that the needle-shaped Si phase is converted into fine particles or fibers, the harm of the needle-shaped Si to the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy round rod can be eliminated, and the separation of Mg from Si and Mg is facilitated 2 The Si strengthening phase strengthens the strength of the aluminum alloy round rod. Meanwhile, the problem that the gas content is increased due to the fact that metal strontium or aluminum-strontium alloy is added after refining in the furnace in the prior art and hydrogen is absorbed again by aluminum alloy liquid can be solved.
Fe is an inevitable impurity element in the aluminum alloy, and in order to eliminate the harm of Fe, the prior art usually adds metal Mn or aluminum-manganese alloy directly, but the addition amount needs to be larger, the price of the metal manganese is high, and the production of the aluminum alloy round rod can be increasedAnd (4) cost. In order to improve the degassing and impurity-removing effects of the refining agent and eliminate the harm of Fe, the inventor finds that 3-5% of MnCl is added into the refining agent through a large amount of experimental research 2 ，MnCl 2 Reacting in aluminum alloy liquid to generate AlCl with the boiling point of only 183 DEG C 3 ，AlCl 3 The bubbles can absorb and take away hydrogen and Al in the floating process 2 O 3 And impurities are removed, so that the effects of degassing and removing impurities are achieved. Meanwhile, the replaced Mn enters the aluminum alloy liquid, so that the refining and modification effects on the Fe-rich phase can be realized, the thick acicular or flaky Fe-rich phase is changed into fine and uniform particles, the harm of Fe can be eliminated, and the strength, plasticity, high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy round rod can be improved.
In order to improve the conductivity of the aluminum alloy round rod, rare earth elements are usually added in the prior art, but the price of the rare earth elements is higher, so that the production cost of the aluminum alloy round rod can be greatly increased. In order to improve the purification effect of the refining agent, improve the conductivity of the aluminum alloy round rod and reduce the production cost, the inventor finds that 2-4% of BaCl is added into the refining agent after a large amount of experimental researches 2 When BaCl 2 Can react in aluminum alloy liquid to generate AlCl with the boiling point of only 183 DEG C 3 ，AlCl 3 The bubbles adsorb hydrogen and impurities in the floating process, so that the degassing and impurity removing effects are achieved, the replaced Ba element enters the aluminum alloy liquid, fe and Si atoms on the aluminum matrix can be adsorbed, the Fe and Si atoms are prevented from being dissolved in the aluminum matrix, and the Fe and Si atoms are transferred to a crystal boundary, so that the conductivity of the aluminum alloy round rod can be improved.
Preferably, the refining agent in the step (4) and the step (5) is prepared by a remelting method, and specifically, the refining agent is heated at 80-100 ℃ for 3-4 hours for drying and dehydration, then the refining agent is remelted at 900-1100 ℃ for 1-2 hours in a vacuum furnace with the vacuum degree of 10-20Pa, and the refining agent with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 millimeter is obtained by crushing and screening after cooling and solidifying to the room temperature.
The existing refining agent is obtained by directly mixing the refining agent after drying and dehydrating the refining agent, and the method is simple and low in cost, but does not give full play to the components of the refining agentThe interaction between the two components is also an important reason that the existing refining agent has low efficiency of degassing and impurity removal. Through experimental research, the inventor finds that the refining agent is dried, dehydrated and then remelted at high temperature, and the components of the refining agent can be fused and crystallized mutually through remelting, so that firstly, the melting point of the refining agent can be obviously reduced, and the refining agent can be more easily dissolved in aluminum alloy liquid. Secondly, the components of the refining agent can generate better physical and chemical promoting effect in the aluminum alloy liquid, and can generate better degassing and impurity removing effects. Such as MgCl 2 Has a melting point of 712 deg.C and a melting point of KCl of 770 deg.C, and when the refining agent is remelted at a high temperature, mgCl 2 MgCl can be formed with KCl 2 KCl eutectic with a melting point of 490 ℃, so that the refining agent has a lower temperature and is easier to melt in aluminum alloy liquid, and a better degassing and impurity removing effect is achieved.
The air holes and impurities can crack the aluminum matrix of the aluminum alloy round bar, the tissue continuity of the aluminum alloy round bar is damaged, the moving speed of free electrons is weakened, the scattering of the free electrons is increased, the resistivity of the aluminum alloy round bar is increased, and the conductivity is reduced. Blowholes and inclusions are also crack sources and crack propagation methods for aluminum alloy round bar fracture, resulting in a decrease in strength and plasticity. Therefore, in order to improve the conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy round bar, only blowing refining degassing and impurity removal in the heat preservation furnace is insufficient, and online degassing and filtering outside the furnace is also needed to perform deep purification treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid so as to improve the cleanliness of the aluminum alloy liquid.
In the prior art, only one graphite rotor is usually arranged in the degassing box, and in addition, the time for the aluminum alloy liquid to flow through the degassing box is short, so that the deep degassing of the aluminum alloy liquid cannot be realized. In addition, the filter box of the prior art only has one filter plate usually, and the aperture of the filter plate is usually bigger, can't get rid of micron size's tiny inclusion, and increases the mesh number of filter plate, blocks up the filter plate again easily, leads to filtering the flow and can't satisfy the production needs.
In order to realize deep degassing and impurity removal of aluminum alloy liquid, the inventor preferably develops the double-rotor degassing box, more fine bubbles are generated in the aluminum alloy liquid in the degassing box through the shearing action of the double rotors at high rotating speed, and the degassing efficiency of the degassing box is improved. Actually, the front 40-mesh and rear 80-mesh double-stage foamed ceramic filter plate filter box is researched and designed, aluminum alloy liquid firstly flows through a 40-mesh foamed ceramic filter plate, impurities of more than ten microns are adsorbed and filtered, then the aluminum alloy liquid flows through an 80-mesh foamed ceramic filter plate, and impurities of more than several microns are further adsorbed and filtered, so that the aluminum alloy liquid with high cleanliness is obtained, and the conductivity and the strength of an aluminum alloy round rod are improved.
Because the strength of the aluminum alloy is very high, the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid before entering the continuous casting machine and the rotating speed of the crystallization wheel of the continuous casting machine must be strictly controlled and matched in order to obtain a high-quality aluminum alloy continuous casting billet. Too high temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid or too fast rotation speed of the crystallization wheel can cause hollowness and even breakage of the continuous casting billet. The temperature of aluminium alloy liquid is crossed low or crystallization wheel rotational speed is too full, not only can reduce production efficiency, can lead to the inside crystalline grain of continuous casting billet too thick moreover and can't carry out the tandem rolling, also can seriously reduce production efficiency simultaneously. Therefore, the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid in the step (7) is set to be 700-710 ℃, and the rotating linear speed of the crystallizing wheel of the continuous casting machine is 10-12 m/min.
In the step (8), because the temperature of the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet from the continuous casting machine is usually lower than 480 ℃, if the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet directly enters a continuous rolling mill for rolling, the aluminum alloy round rod is easy to break due to low temperature, and meanwhile, the cooling speed during quenching is insufficient. In addition, the continuous casting aluminum alloy billet has a large temperature fluctuation range, and if the continuous casting aluminum alloy billet directly enters a continuous rolling mill, the temperature fluctuation of the continuously rolled aluminum alloy round rod is large, the temperature fluctuation during cooling quenching is large, and the reason is that the strength and the electric conductivity of the aluminum alloy round rod are not uniform and unstable. In order to solve the problem, the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet firstly passes through the medium-frequency induction heater before entering the continuous rolling, the temperature of the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet is stably controlled at 490-500 ℃ by the heating of the medium-frequency induction heater, and then the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet enters the continuous rolling mill for rolling, so that the temperature requirement of the continuous rolling on the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet is met, the temperature of the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet and the fluctuation of the cooling and quenching temperature of a rear aluminum alloy round rod can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the strength, the electric conductivity uniformity and the stability of the aluminum alloy round rod are improved.
In the step (10), the step of cooling the aluminum alloy round rod to room temperature through the quenching device means that the aluminum alloy round rod passes through the through pipes which spray water mist inwards around, and the aluminum alloy round rod is rapidly cooled to room temperature under the cooling effect of the water mist for quenching. In order to increase the cooling speed of the aluminum alloy round bar, the water temperature is not required to exceed 50 ℃.
The third aspect of the invention provides a high-strength aluminum alloy round rod which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 0.68-0.78% of Si, 0.65-0.75% of Mg, 0.15-0.25% of Cu, 0.05-0.15% of Mn, 0.05-0.15% of Cr, 0.1-0.2% of Fe, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of single impurities is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.15%.
Wherein Si and Mg are main strengthening elements of the aluminum alloy round rod, and Mg can be precipitated through aging 2 The Si strengthening phase strengthens the strength of the aluminum alloy round rod. The higher the contents of Si and Mg, the higher the content of Mg 2 The larger the amount of Si reinforcing phase, the higher the strength of the aluminum alloy round bar, but the higher the Si and Mg contents, the lower the electrical conductivity. Therefore, the contents of Si and Mg must be strictly controlled, and cannot be too low or too high, which may result in the strength or conductivity being not satisfactory. In addition, si forms Mg in addition to Mg 2 In addition to the Si strengthening phase, intermetallic compounds are formed with Fe, consuming part of Si. Therefore, in order to obtain a sufficient amount of Mg 2 The Si strengthening phase, the ratio of Si to Mg must also be strictly controlled. Preferably, the mass ratio of Si to Mg satisfies: si is more than or equal to Mg/1.73+0.3.
The Cu functions to further enhance the strength of the aluminum alloy round bar. Cu precipitates CuAl in aging process of aluminum alloy round bar 2 The strengthening phase obviously enhances the strength of the aluminum alloy round rod. However, too high a Cu content also reduces the conductivity and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy rod, so the Cu content must be strictly controlled, and cannot be too low or too high.
Mn and Cr can form MnAl in the aluminum alloy 6 、CrAl 7 Dispersed particles inhibiting movement of dislocations and migration of grain boundaries in aluminum matrixThe method has the advantages of improving the recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy, inhibiting the growth of recrystallized grains, obtaining the aluminum alloy round rod with fine and uniform grains, and improving the strength, plasticity and uniformity of the aluminum alloy round rod. The inventor shows through a large amount of experimental researches that the effect of the composite addition of Mn and Cr is better than the effect of the single addition of one element of Mn or Cr. Further, the contents of Mn and Cr are not too high, and (FeMn) Al is easily formed 6 、(CrFe)Al 7 、(CrMn)Al 12 And the coarse intermetallic compounds deteriorate the strength and the conductivity of the aluminum alloy round rod. Preferably, the sum of the mass percentages of Mn and Cr satisfies: mn + Cr is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.
Fe is an inevitable impurity element in the aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy round rod contains a proper amount of Fe, and when the Fe-containing phase is in a fine granular shape and is dispersedly distributed on the aluminum alloy round rod, the strength and the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy round rod can be enhanced.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy round rod consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 0.72 percent of Si, 0.69 percent of Mg, 0.21 percent of Cu, 0.12 percent of Mn, 0.06 percent of Cr, 0.14 percent of Fe, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts the tilting heat preservation furnace with the permanent magnetic stirring function to prepare the aluminum alloy liquid, the stirring of the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace is carried out through the permanent magnetic stirring, the component uniformity of the aluminum alloy liquid is improved, and then the rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet and the quenching temperature of the aluminum alloy round bar are strictly controlled, so that the problems of large intensity fluctuation range, poor performance uniformity and poor stability of the existing aluminum alloy round bar are solved, the intensity fluctuation range of the aluminum alloy round bar is smaller than 10MPa, and the electric conductivity fluctuation range is smaller than 0.5 percent IACS;
(2) The aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace is subjected to blowing refining, degassing and impurity removal twice, and then is subjected to degassing and filtering treatment by adopting the double-rotor degassing box and the double-filter-plate filtering box outside the furnace, so that the cleanliness of the aluminum alloy liquid is greatly improved, the electric conductivity and the strength of the aluminum-aluminum alloy round rod are improved, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy round rod is more than or equal to 340 MPa, and the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 55% IACS;
(3) The refining agent developed by the invention has higher degassing and impurity removing efficiency, has refining, modifying and modifying functions on the aluminum alloy round rod, has low content of villiaumite, does not contain nitrate, sulfate and hexachloroethane, reduces the emission of irritant and unpleasant gas, is more environment-friendly to use, does not contain sodium salt, and avoids the risk of sodium brittleness and breakage of the aluminum alloy round rod;
(4) The high-strength aluminum alloy round rod is not added with any rare earth element or any refining metamorphic material, so that the production cost of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the high-strength aluminum alloy round bar continuous casting and rolling apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the continuous casting and rolling device of the high-strength aluminum alloy round bar comprises a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace 2, a tilting type heat preserving furnace 3 with a permanent magnetic stirring device, a double-rotor degassing box 4, a double-filter-plate filter box 5, a belt type continuous casting machine 6, a medium-frequency induction heater 8, a Y-shaped continuous rolling machine 9, a quenching device 10 and a curling device 12 according to the production process flow in sequence, wherein the heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace 2 is connected with the tilting type heat preserving furnace 3 through a launder 1, the tilting type heat preserving furnace 3 is connected with the double-rotor degassing box 4 through the launder 1, the double-rotor degassing box 4 is connected with the double-filter-plate filter box 5 through the launder 1, and the double-filter-plate filter box 5 is connected with the belt type continuous casting machine 6 through the launder 1, the intermediate frequency induction heater 8 is used for heating an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet 7 conveyed by the belt type continuous casting machine 6, the Y-shaped continuous rolling mill 9 is used for continuously rolling the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet heated by the intermediate frequency induction heater 8 into an aluminum alloy round rod 11, the aluminum alloy round rod passes through the quenching device 10 to be cooled to room temperature and is coiled through the coiling device 12, the permanent magnet stirring device is arranged below the tilting type heat preservation furnace 3, the double-rotor degassing box 4 is formed by arranging two graphite rotors in the degassing box side by side, the double-filter plate filtering box 5 is formed by arranging two foam ceramic filter plates with different meshes in the front and at the back in the filtering box, and the quenching device 10 is a through pipe capable of spraying water mist inwards all around. Further, the heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace, the tilting type holding furnace with the permanent magnet stirring device, the belt caster, the medium frequency induction heater, the Y-type continuous rolling mill and the curling device all adopt the prior art as long as the functions required by the present invention can be realized, and thus the detailed structure thereof will not be described herein, which will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.72 percent of Si, 0.69 percent of Mg, 0.21 percent of Cu, 0.12 percent of Mn, 0.06 percent of Cr, 0.14 percent of Fe, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. The continuous casting and rolling method sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) According to the composition and mass percentage of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod, selecting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7 percent, a magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.9 percent, an aluminum-silicon alloy, an aluminum-copper alloy, an aluminum-manganese alloy and an aluminum-chromium alloy as raw materials for proportioning; (2) Heating and melting an aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid at 750 ℃ in a heat accumulating type fuel gas aluminum melting furnace; (3) Transferring aluminum liquid from an aluminum melting furnace into a tilting heat preservation furnace through a launder, adding magnesium ingots, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy and aluminum-chromium alloy into the tilting heat preservation furnace to be melted into aluminum alloy liquid, simultaneously starting a permanent magnetic stirring device, and stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 20 minutes in a circulation mode of forward rotation for 1 minute and then reverse rotation for 1 minute; (4) After the permanent magnetic stirring device is closed, blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.1 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to carry out primary degassing and impurity removal treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 20 minutes; (5) Blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 20 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.15 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to perform secondary degassing and impurity removing treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 30 minutes; (6) Aluminum alloy liquid in the tilting type heat preservation furnace sequentially flows through a double-rotor degassing box and a front 40-mesh and rear 80-mesh double-filter-plate filter box through a launder to carry out degassing and filtering treatment, the rotation speed of a graphite rotor of the degassing box is 450 revolutions per minute, the gas flow on the graphite rotor is 3.5 cubic meters per hour, the gas pressure is 0.8 MPa, the gas is mixed gas consisting of argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and chlorine with the purity of 99.9 percent, and the volume percentage of the chlorine is 8 percent; (7) Under the conditions that the temperature of aluminum alloy liquid is 705 ℃ and the rotating linear speed of a crystallizing wheel of a belt type continuous casting machine is 11 m/min, the aluminum alloy liquid flows into the belt type continuous casting machine through a launder to be continuously cast into an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet; (8) Heating an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet to 495 ℃ through a medium-frequency induction heater; (9) Sending the continuous aluminum alloy casting billet into a Y-shaped continuous rolling mill to be continuously rolled into an aluminum alloy round rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm; (10) And (3) passing the aluminum alloy round rod through a quenching device, cooling to room temperature, and coiling the aluminum alloy round rod through a coiling device to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod.
The refining agent adopted in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mgCl 2 39.4%，KCl 30.5%，KBF 4 7.9%，K 2 ZrF 6 7.2%，SrCO 3 7.5%，MnCl 2 4.1%，BaCl 2 3.4 percent. And the refining agent is prepared by adopting a remelting method, and specifically, the refining agent is heated at 90 ℃ for 3.5 hours, dried and dehydrated, then remelted at 1000 ℃ for 1.5 hours in a vacuum furnace with the vacuum degree of 15 Pa, cooled and solidified to room temperature, and then crushed and screened to obtain the refining agent with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 millimeter.
Example 2:
the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.72 percent of Si, 0.69 percent of Mg, 0.21 percent of Cu, 0.12 percent of Mn, 0.06 percent of Cr, 0.14 percent of Fe, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. The continuous casting and rolling method sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) According to the composition and mass percentage of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod, selecting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7 percent, a magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.9 percent, an aluminum-silicon alloy, an aluminum-copper alloy, an aluminum-manganese alloy and an aluminum-chromium alloy as raw materials for proportioning; (2) Heating and melting an aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid at 760 ℃ in a heat accumulating type fuel gas aluminum melting furnace; (3) Transferring aluminum liquid from an aluminum melting furnace into a tilting heat preservation furnace through a launder, adding magnesium ingots, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy and aluminum-chromium alloy into the tilting heat preservation furnace to be melted into aluminum alloy liquid, simultaneously starting a permanent magnetic stirring device, and stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 25 minutes in a circulation mode of forward rotation for 1 minute and then reverse rotation for 1 minute; (4) After the permanent magnetic stirring device is closed, blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 20 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.15 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to carry out primary degassing and impurity removal treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 minutes; (5) Blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.1 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to perform secondary degassing and impurity removing treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 40 minutes; (6) Aluminum alloy liquid in the tilting type heat preservation furnace sequentially flows through a double-rotor degassing box and a front 40-mesh and rear 80-mesh double-filter-plate filter box through a launder to carry out degassing and filtering treatment, the rotation speed of a graphite rotor of the degassing box is 500 revolutions per minute, the gas flow on the graphite rotor is 3 cubic meters per hour, the gas pressure is 1 MPa, the gas is a mixed gas consisting of argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and chlorine with the purity of 99.9 percent, and the volume percentage of the chlorine is 5 percent; (7) Under the conditions that the temperature of aluminum alloy liquid is 710 ℃ and the rotating linear speed of a crystallizing wheel of a belt type continuous casting machine is 10 m/min, the aluminum alloy liquid flows into the belt type continuous casting machine through a launder to be continuously cast into an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet; (8) Passing an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet through a medium-frequency induction heater to heat to 500 ℃; (9) Sending the continuous aluminum alloy casting billet into a Y-shaped continuous rolling mill to be continuously rolled into an aluminum alloy round rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm; (10) And (3) passing the aluminum alloy round rod through a quenching device, cooling to room temperature, and coiling the aluminum alloy round rod through a coiling device to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod.
The refining agent adopted in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mgCl 2 45%，KCl 25%，KBF 4 10%，K 2 ZrF 6 5%，SrCO 3 6%，MnCl 2 5%，BaCl 2 4 percent. And the refining agent is prepared by a remelting method, and is specifically prepared by heating the refining agent at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, drying and dehydrating, remelting the refining agent in a vacuum furnace with a vacuum degree of 20Pa at 1100 ℃ for 1 hour, cooling and solidifying to room temperature, crushing and screening to obtain the refining agent with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 millimeter.
Example 3:
the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.72 percent of Si, 0.69 percent of Mg, 0.21 percent of Cu, 0.12 percent of Mn, 0.06 percent of Cr, 0.14 percent of Fe, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. The continuous casting and rolling method sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) According to the composition and mass percentage of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod, selecting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7 percent, a magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.9 percent, an aluminum-silicon alloy, an aluminum-copper alloy, an aluminum-manganese alloy and an aluminum-chromium alloy as raw materials for proportioning; (2) Heating and melting an aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid at 740 ℃ in a heat accumulating type fuel gas aluminum melting furnace; (3) Transferring aluminum liquid from an aluminum melting furnace into a tilting heat preservation furnace through a launder, adding magnesium ingots, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy and aluminum-chromium alloy into the tilting heat preservation furnace to be melted into aluminum alloy liquid, simultaneously starting a permanent magnetic stirring device, and stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 minutes in a circulation mode of forward rotation for 1 minute and then reverse rotation for 1 minute; (4) After the permanent magnetic stirring device is closed, blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 17 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.12 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to carry out primary degassing and impurity removal treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 16 minutes; (5) Blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 18 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.13 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid, carrying out secondary degassing and impurity removing treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 25 minutes; (6) Aluminum alloy liquid in the tilting type heat preservation furnace sequentially flows through a double-rotor degassing box and a front 40-mesh and rear 80-mesh double-filter-plate filter box through a launder to carry out degassing and filtering treatment, the rotation speed of a graphite rotor of the degassing box is 400 r/min, the gas flow on the graphite rotor is 3.6 cubic meters per hour, the gas pressure is 0.7 MPa, the gas is mixed gas consisting of argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and chlorine with the purity of 99.9 percent, and the volume percentage of the chlorine is 8 percent; (7) Under the conditions that the temperature of aluminum alloy liquid is 700 ℃ and the rotating linear speed of a crystallizing wheel of a belt type continuous casting machine is 12 m/min, the aluminum alloy liquid flows into the belt type continuous casting machine through a launder to be continuously cast into an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet; (8) Passing the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet through a medium-frequency induction heater to heat to 490 ℃; (9) Feeding the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet into a Y-shaped continuous rolling mill to be continuously rolled into an aluminum alloy round rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm; (10) And (3) passing the aluminum alloy round rod through a quenching device, cooling to room temperature, and coiling the aluminum alloy round rod through a coiling device to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod.
The refining agent adopted in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mgCl 2 30.5%，KCl 40%，KBF 4 5.5%，K 2 ZrF 6 10%，SrCO 3 8%，MnCl 2 3.5%，BaCl 2 2.5 percent. And the refining agent is prepared by a remelting method, and is specifically prepared by heating the refining agent at 95 ℃ for 3.2 hours, drying and dehydrating, remelting the refining agent in a vacuum furnace with the vacuum degree of 10 Pa at 900 ℃ for 2 hours, cooling and solidifying to room temperature, crushing and screening to obtain the refining agent with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 millimeter.
Example 4:
the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.72 percent of Si, 0.69 percent of Mg, 0.21 percent of Cu, 0.12 percent of Mn, 0.06 percent of Cr, 0.14 percent of Fe, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. The continuous casting and rolling method sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) According to the composition and mass percentage of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod, selecting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7 percent, a magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.9 percent, an aluminum-silicon alloy, an aluminum-copper alloy, an aluminum-manganese alloy and an aluminum-chromium alloy as raw materials for proportioning; (2) Heating and melting an aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid at 755 ℃ in a regenerative gas aluminum melting furnace; (3) Transferring aluminum liquid from an aluminum melting furnace into a tilting heat preservation furnace through a launder, adding magnesium ingots, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy and aluminum-chromium alloy into the tilting heat preservation furnace to be melted into aluminum alloy liquid, simultaneously starting a permanent magnetic stirring device, and stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 22 minutes in a circulation mode of forward rotation for 1 minute and then reverse rotation for 1 minute; (4) After the permanent magnetic stirring device is closed, blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.1 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to carry out primary degassing and impurity removal treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 16 minutes; (5) Blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 17 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.1 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to perform secondary degassing and impurity removing treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 35 minutes; (6) Aluminum alloy liquid in the tilting type heat preservation furnace sequentially flows through a double-rotor degassing box and a front 40-mesh and rear 80-mesh double-filter-plate filter box through a launder to be subjected to degassing and filtering treatment, the rotation speed of a graphite rotor of the degassing box is 480 revolutions per minute, the gas flow on the graphite rotor is 3.2 cubic meters per hour, the gas pressure is 0.6 MPa, the gas is mixed gas consisting of argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and chlorine with the purity of 99.9 percent, and the volume percentage of the chlorine is 6 percent; (7) Under the conditions that the temperature of aluminum alloy liquid is 708 ℃ and the rotating linear speed of a crystallizing wheel of a belt type continuous casting machine is 11 m/min, the aluminum alloy liquid flows into the belt type continuous casting machine through a launder to be continuously cast into an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet; (8) Passing an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet through a medium-frequency induction heater to be heated to 498 ℃; (9) Sending the continuous aluminum alloy casting billet into a Y-shaped continuous rolling mill to be continuously rolled into an aluminum alloy round rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm; (10) And (3) passing the aluminum alloy round rod through a quenching device, cooling to room temperature, and coiling the aluminum alloy round rod through a coiling device to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod.
The refining agent adopted in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mgCl 2 35.2%，KCl 35.8%，KBF 4 5.3%，K 2 ZrF 6 8.9%，SrCO 3 7.1%，MnCl 2 4.4%，BaCl 2 3.3 percent, and the refining agent is obtained by remelting: heating the refining agent at 100 ℃ for 3 hours, drying and dehydrating, remelting the refining agent in a vacuum furnace with the vacuum degree of 18 Pa at 950 ℃ for 1.6 hours, cooling and solidifying to room temperature, crushing and screening to obtain the refining agent with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 millimeter.
Example 5:
the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.72 percent of Si, 0.69 percent of Mg, 0.21 percent of Cu, 0.12 percent of Mn, 0.06 percent of Cr, 0.14 percent of Fe, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. The continuous casting and rolling method sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) According to the composition and mass percentage of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod, selecting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7 percent, a magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.9 percent, an aluminum-silicon alloy, an aluminum-copper alloy, an aluminum-manganese alloy and an aluminum-chromium alloy as raw materials for proportioning; (2) Heating and melting an aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid at 745 ℃ in a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace; (3) Transferring aluminum liquid from an aluminum melting furnace into a tilting heat preservation furnace through a launder, then adding magnesium ingots, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy and aluminum-chromium alloy to melt into aluminum alloy liquid, simultaneously starting a permanent magnetic stirring device, and stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 17 minutes in a circulation mode of forward rotation for 1 minute and then reverse rotation for 1 minute; (4) After the permanent magnetic stirring device is closed, blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 19 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.15 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to carry out primary degassing and impurity removal treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 16 minutes; (5) Blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 20 minutes by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.15 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid, carrying out secondary degassing and impurity removing treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 30 minutes; (6) Aluminum alloy liquid in the tilting heat-preserving furnace sequentially flows through a dual-rotor degassing box and a front 40-mesh and rear 80-mesh dual-filter-plate filter box through a launder to carry out degassing and filtering treatment, the rotation speed of a graphite rotor of the degassing box is 430 revolutions per minute, the gas flow on the graphite rotor is 3.5 cubic meters per hour, the gas pressure is 0.9 MPa, the gas is a mixed gas consisting of argon with the purity of 99.9 percent and chlorine with the purity of 99.9 percent, and the volume percentage of the chlorine is 7 percent; (7) Under the conditions that the temperature of aluminum alloy liquid is 704 ℃ and the rotating linear speed of a crystallizing wheel of a belt type continuous casting machine is 10 m/min, the aluminum alloy liquid flows into the belt type continuous casting machine through a launder to be continuously cast into an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet; (8) Passing an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet through a medium-frequency induction heater to heat to 492 ℃; (9) Sending the continuous aluminum alloy casting billet into a Y-shaped continuous rolling mill to be continuously rolled into an aluminum alloy round rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm; (10) And (3) passing the aluminum alloy round rod through a quenching device, cooling to room temperature, and coiling the aluminum alloy round rod through a coiling device to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod.
The refining agent adopted in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mgCl 2 44.8%，KCl 25.2%，KBF 4 5.3%，K 2 ZrF 6 5.1%，SrCO 3 6.7%，MnCl 2 3.9%，BaCl 2 2.0%, the refining agent is obtained by remelting: heating the refining agent at 85 ℃ for 3.8 hours, drying and dehydrating, remelting the refining agent in a vacuum furnace with the vacuum degree of 20Pa at 900 ℃ for 2 hours, cooling and solidifying to room temperature, crushing and screening to obtain the refining agent with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 millimeter.
Verification example 1:
the hydrogen content and slag content of the aluminum alloy liquid in the holding furnace before refining, the hydrogen content and slag content of the aluminum alloy liquid in the holding furnace after refining, and the hydrogen content and slag content of the aluminum alloy liquid after online degassing and filtering outside the furnace in examples 1-5 were measured on site by using an HDA-V hydrogen meter and an Analyze PoDFA slag meter, and the results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the hydrogen contents of the aluminum alloy liquids in the holding furnaces before refining are all higher than 0.42 ml/100gAl, and the slag contents are all higher than 0.33 mm 2 In terms of/kg. The hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace after refining is less than 0.19 ml/100gAl, and the slag content is less than 0.17 mm 2 And/kg, the degassing efficiency reaches more than 56%, and the impurity removal efficiency reaches more than 51%. And the traditional method for carrying out one-time blowing refining on the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace or the traditional refining agent for carrying out blowing refining on the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace has the degassing efficiency generally lower than 50 percent and the impurity removal efficiency lower than 45 percent. The invention can be seen by comparing that the developed refining agent is adopted to carry out blowing refining on the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace twice, has better degassing and impurity removing effects and can lower the gas slag content of the aluminum alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace.
As can be seen from Table 1, after the aluminum alloy liquid is subjected to the out-of-furnace online degassing and filtering by using the double-rotor degassing box and the double-filter-plate filtering box, the hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy liquid is lower than 0.1 ml/100gAl, and the slag content is lower than 0.08 mm 2 In terms of/kg. After the aluminum alloy liquid is subjected to online degassing and filtering by adopting a conventional single-rotor degassing box and a single-stage filter plate filtering box, the hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy liquid is usually higher than 0.13 ml/100gAl, and the slag content is higher than 0.1 mm 2 And/kg, as can be seen by comparison, the online degassing and filtering treatment of the aluminum alloy liquid by using the double-rotor degassing box and the double-stage filter plate filtering box has higher degassing and impurity removing effects, and can obviously reduce the gas slag content of the aluminum alloy liquid.
TABLE 1 gas content and slag content of aluminum alloy liquid
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | |
| Hydrogen content of aluminum alloy liquid in heat preservation furnace before refining/(ml/100 gAl) | 0.431 | 0.429 | 0.426 | 0.435 | 0.421 |
| Hydrogen content/(ml/100 gAl) of aluminum alloy liquid in heat-preserving furnace after refining | 0.186 | 0.185 | 0.183 | 0.188 | 0.179 |
| Hydrogen content/(ml/100 gAl) of aluminum alloy liquid after on-line degassing and filtering | 0.093 | 0.091 | 0.085 | 0.098 | 0.079 |
| Slag content/(mm) of aluminum alloy liquid in heat-preserving furnace before refining 2 /kg) | 0.345 | 0.341 | 0.338 | 0.346 | 0.332 |
| Slag content/(mm) of aluminum alloy liquid in heat-preserving furnace after refining 2 /kg) | 0.167 | 0.166 | 0.164 | 0.168 | 0.161 |
| Slag content/(mm) of aluminum alloy liquid after online degassing and filtering 2 /kg) | 0.077 | 0.073 | 0.075 | 0.079 | 0.068 |
Verification example 2:
the high strength aluminum alloy round bars of examples 1 to 5 were aged at 180 ℃ for 6 hours, and then tensile mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy round bars were measured, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the aluminum alloy round bars of examples 1 to 5 had tensile strengths of 340 MPa or more, yield strengths of 305 MPa or more, elongations after fracture of 8% or more, and electric conductivities of 55% or more IACS. The tensile strength of the aluminum-magnesium-silicon aluminum alloy round bar manufactured by the prior art is usually lower than 330 MPa, the yield strength is lower than 290 MPa, the elongation after fracture is lower than 8 percent, and the electric conductivity is lower than 54 percent IACS. As can be seen by comparison, the invention can obviously improve the strength and the electric conductivity of the aluminum alloy round rod by carrying out deep degassing, impurity removal and purification treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid. As can also be seen from Table 2, the aluminum alloy round bars of examples 1-5 had a strength fluctuation range of less than 10MPa and a conductivity fluctuation range of less than 0.5% IACS, whereas the aluminum-magnesium-silicon-based aluminum alloy round bars produced by the prior art had a strength fluctuation range of generally more than 15 MPa and a conductivity fluctuation range of more than 0.5% IACS. The comparison shows that the invention can obviously reduce the fluctuation range of the strength and the electric conductivity of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod and obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod with more uniform performance by using the aluminum alloy liquid in the permanent magnet stirring heat preservation furnace and strictly controlling the rolling and quenching temperature of the aluminum alloy round rod.
TABLE 2 tensile mechanical properties and conductivity of high strength aluminum alloy round bar
| Source of refining agent | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Tensile strength/MPa | 344.8 | 340.5 | 346.8 | 345.9 | 348.2 |
| Yield strength/MPa | 308.8 | 305.4 | 312.6 | 309.6 | 314.5 |
| Elongation after break/% | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 8.9 | 8.1 |
| Conductivity/% IACS | 55.3 | 55.4 | 55.5 | 55.1 | 55.6 |
While the present invention has been described by way of examples, and not by way of limitation, other variations of the disclosed embodiments, as would be readily apparent to one of skill in the art, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, as defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The continuous casting and rolling device is characterized by comprising a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace, a tilting type heat preservation furnace with a permanent magnet stirring device, a double-rotor degassing box, a double-filter-plate filter box, a belt type continuous casting machine, a medium-frequency induction heater, a Y-shaped continuous rolling machine, a quenching device and a curling device in sequence according to a production process flow, wherein the heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace is connected with the tilting type heat preservation furnace through a launder, the tilting type heat preservation furnace is connected with the double-rotor degassing box through a launder, the double-rotor degassing box is connected with the double-filter-plate filter box through a launder, the double-filter-plate filter box is connected with the belt type continuous casting machine through a launder, the medium-frequency induction heater is used for heating an aluminum alloy continuous casting blank conveyed by the belt type continuous casting machine, the Y-type continuous rolling machine is used for continuously rolling the aluminum alloy continuous casting blank heated by the medium-frequency induction heater into an aluminum alloy round rod, the aluminum alloy round rod passes through the quenching device to be cooled to room temperature and is coiled through the curling device, the permanent magnet stirring device is installed below the tilting type heat preservation furnace, the rotor degassing box is provided with two graphite filter plates, and the double-plate filter box is provided with different numbers of spraying water mist arranged in the front and back of the double-filter plate filter box, and the double-plate filter plate.
2. The continuous casting and rolling apparatus for a high-strength aluminum alloy round bar according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet stirring device is used to stir the aluminum alloy liquid in a circulation mode of forward rotation for 1 minute and then reverse rotation for 1 minute.
3. The continuous casting and rolling device for the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod according to claim 1, is characterized in that the rotation speed of a graphite rotor of the double-rotor degassing box is 400-500 rpm, the gas flow on the graphite rotor is 3-4 cubic meters per hour, the gas pressure is 0.5-1 MPa, the gas is a mixed gas consisting of argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9% and chlorine with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9%, and the volume percentage of the chlorine is 5-10%.
4. The continuous casting and rolling apparatus for the high-strength aluminum alloy round bar according to claim 1, wherein the mesh number of the front ceramic foam filter plate of the double-filter-plate filter box is 40 meshes, and the mesh number of the rear ceramic foam filter plate is 80 meshes.
5. A continuous casting and rolling method of a high-strength aluminum alloy round bar using the continuous casting and rolling apparatus according to claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of, in order:
(1) According to the composition and mass percentage of the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod, selecting an aluminum ingot with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7 percent, a magnesium ingot with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy and aluminum-chromium alloy as raw materials for proportioning;
(2) Heating and melting an aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid at 740-760 ℃ in a heat accumulating type fuel gas aluminum melting furnace;
(3) Transferring the aluminum liquid from the aluminum melting furnace to a tilting heat preservation furnace with a permanent magnetic stirring device through a launder, then adding magnesium ingots, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy and aluminum-chromium alloy to melt into aluminum alloy liquid, and simultaneously starting the permanent magnetic stirring device to stir the aluminum alloy liquid;
(4) After the permanent magnetic stirring device is closed, argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.1 to 0.15 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid are used for blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 to 20 minutes to carry out first degassing and impurity removing treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 15 to 20 minutes;
(5) Blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid for 15-20 minutes by using argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent and a refining agent accounting for 0.1-0.15 percent of the total amount of the aluminum alloy liquid to perform secondary degassing and impurity removing treatment, slagging off and standing the aluminum alloy liquid for 20-40 minutes;
(6) Aluminum alloy liquid in the tilting type heat preservation furnace sequentially flows through the dual-rotor degassing box and the dual-filter plate filter box through the launder to carry out degassing and filtering treatment;
(7) Under the conditions that the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid is 700-710 ℃ and the linear speed of the rotation of the crystallizing wheel of the belt type continuous casting machine is 10-12 m/min, the aluminum alloy liquid flows into the belt type continuous casting machine through a launder to be continuously cast into an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet;
(8) Passing an aluminum alloy continuous casting billet through a medium-frequency induction heater to be heated to 490-500 ℃;
(9) Feeding the aluminum alloy continuous casting billet into a Y-shaped continuous rolling mill to be continuously rolled into an aluminum alloy round rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm;
(10) And (3) passing the aluminum alloy round rod through a quenching device, cooling to room temperature, and coiling the aluminum alloy round rod through a coiling device to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy round rod.
6. The continuous casting and rolling method of the high-strength aluminum alloy round bar according to claim 5, wherein the step (3) of starting the permanent magnetic stirring device to stir the aluminum alloy liquid is to stir the aluminum alloy liquid for 15-25 minutes in a circulation mode of forward rotation for 1 minute and then reverse rotation for 1 minute.
7. The continuous casting and rolling method of the high-strength aluminum alloy round bar according to claim 5, wherein the refining agent in the step (4) and the step (5) is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: mgCl 2 30-45%，KCl 25-40%，KBF 4 5-10%，K 2 ZrF 6 5-10%，SrCO 3 6-8%，MnCl 2 3-5%，BaCl 2 2-4%。
8. The continuous casting and rolling method of the high-strength aluminum alloy round bar according to claim 5 or 7, wherein the refining agent in the step (4) and the step (5) is prepared by a remelting method, and specifically, the refining agent is heated at 80-100 ℃ for 3-4 hours, dried and dehydrated, then remelted at 900-1100 ℃ for 1-2 hours in a vacuum furnace with a vacuum degree of 10-20Pa, cooled and solidified to room temperature, and crushed and screened to obtain the refining agent with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm.
9. A high-strength aluminum alloy round bar, which is manufactured by the continuous casting and rolling device according to claim 1 and the continuous casting and rolling method according to claim 5, wherein the aluminum alloy round bar is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 0.68-0.78% of Si, 0.65-0.75% of Mg, 0.15-0.25% of Cu, 0.05-0.15% of Mn, 0.05-0.15% of Cr, 0.1-0.2% of Fe, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05%, the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the mass ratio of Si to Mg satisfies: si is more than or equal to Mg/1.73+0.3, and the sum of the mass percentages of Mn and Cr satisfies: mn + Cr is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.
10. The high-strength aluminum alloy round bar according to claim 9, wherein the aluminum alloy round bar is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 0.72 percent of Si, 0.69 percent of Mg, 0.21 percent of Cu, 0.12 percent of Mn, 0.06 percent of Cr, 0.14 percent of Fe, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
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