CN110679476A - Innovative breeding method of Huangrui group germplasm - Google Patents
Innovative breeding method of Huangrui group germplasm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crop breeding method, in particular to an innovative breeding method of Huangrui group germplasm, which comprises the following steps: selecting a yellow reform group inbred line as one of the parents, hybridizing with the improved Ruidegroup inbred line, and continuously inbreeding for multiple generations by using a high-stringency line selection method to select a plurality of parts of excellent inbred lines; confirming that the selected inbred line belongs to the Huangrui group by using an SSR molecular marker technology; selecting an inbred line from the X group as a female parent test seed for test cross; the test cross breeding is carried out by taking the corn variety of the current main cultivation in China as the contrast, the multi-point multi-row repeated planting is carried out, the inbred line of the corresponding hybridization combination with the yield of the test cross combination exceeding 10 percent of the corn variety of the main cultivation in China and the stable yield, the lodging resistance, the disease resistance, the drought resistance and the high temperature resistance superior to the inbred line of the yellow reform group and the inbred line of the improved Ruider group is selected, and the inbred line of the yellow Ruider group is the new germplasm of the Ruide. The innovative breeding method of the Huang-Huai-Hai spring maize germplasm aims at developing the germplasm which is resistant to high temperature and drought, resistant to rain and sunshine, strong in disease resistance and lodging resistance and high in yield potential in the Huang-Huai-Hai spring maize region.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a crop breeding method, in particular to an innovative breeding method of Huangrui group germplasm.
Background
The corn germplasm resource is a material basis for cultivating high-yield high-quality multi-resistance hybrid seeds. Especially, local germplasm resources with good ecological adaptability are indispensable important materials. At present, due to the impact of foreign excellent germplasm resources, a great part of corn genetic breeding units in the Huang-Huai-Hai-spring corn region abandons the research and utilization of yellow improved group germplasm, so that the genetic gain of the unique local germplasm in China is obviously reduced. In recent years, natural disasters such as wind, rain, drought, waterlogging, high-temperature and low-temperature irradiation are frequent in Huang-Huai-Hai region, and plant diseases and insect pests are spread out, so that most of maize inbred lines in the market cannot meet urgent needs of germplasm resources with excellent comprehensive properties such as high-temperature drought resistance, rain and irradiation resistance, strong disease resistance and lodging resistance, high yield potential and the like in the current and future maize production.
In order to adapt to the situation requirement and solve the problems that most of maize inbred lines in Huang-Huai-Hai regions cannot resist high temperature, are poor in drought resistance, are poor in lodging resistance, are poor in disease resistance and the like at present, an innovative breeding method of Huang-Rui group germplasm is provided according to a maize genetic breeding theory and by combining breeding practice. The method can not only continuously improve the genetic gain of the unique germplasm resources in China, but also solve the breeding work of the germplasm resources with high temperature and drought resistance, rain and sunshine resistance, strong disease and lodging resistance, high yield potential and the like in the Huang-Huai-Hai-spring corn region, and accelerate the breeding work of new corn varieties with high temperature and drought resistance, rain and sunshine resistance, disease and lodging resistance and high yield.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an innovative breeding method of Huangrui group germplasm, which comprises the following steps:
a. selecting a yellow modified group inbred line as one of the parents, hybridizing with the improved Ruider group inbred line, backcrossing the yellow modified group inbred line as the parent for 1 time, selecting a group based on the material obtained by backcrossing, and continuously selfing for multiple generations to breed a plurality of parts of excellent inbred lines by using high-severity line selection methods and high-temperature drought resistance, overcast and rain resistance, poor resistance to diseases and lodging resistance and high yield potential as breeding standards;
b. b, selecting backbone inbred lines from the X group, the improved Ruider group, the blue card group, the yellow reform group, the Luda red bone group and the P group as representative lines, dividing the groups of the inbred lines bred in the step a by using an SSR molecular marker technology, and confirming that the inbred lines are far from the representative inbred lines of the existing groups in genetic distance and do not belong to the independent group of the groups, namely belong to the Huangrui group;
c. selecting an inbred line from an X group which is far from the genetic distance of the yellow reform group and the improved reed group as a female parent test seed, and performing hybridization to obtain a hybrid seed by using the yellow reform group inbred line, the yellow reform group inbred line and the improved reed group inbred line which are bred in the steps as male parents;
d. the hybrid seeds are repeatedly planted in a multi-point and multi-row area by taking the corn varieties mainly planted in China as a contrast, comprehensive character identification such as high temperature and drought resistance, rain and sunshine resistance, strong disease and lodging resistance, high yield potential and the like is carried out, the hybrid combination yield of the newly bred inbred line exceeds 10 percent of the corn varieties mainly planted in China, and the inbred line of the corresponding hybrid combination matched with the yellow improved group inbred line and the improved Ruider group inbred line is superior to the yellow improved group inbred line in yield stability, lodging resistance, disease resistance, drought resistance and high temperature resistance, namely the bred new yellow Ruider group germplasm.
The corn breeding method is characterized in that the corn is continuously selfed for multiple generations through a high-stringency line selection method, the breeding standard is that the corn is suitable for Huang-Huai-Hai spring corn regions, and the corn breeding method is high-temperature drought resistant, rain and sunshine resistant, strong in disease resistance and lodging resistance and high in yield potential. The specific breeding criteria are as follows:
high temperature drought resistance: the pollen scattering rate of the male flowers is more than 90 percent, and the maturing rate is more than 70 percent;
rain and sunshine resistance: the yield is equal to or more than 5% higher than that of the original parent;
disease resistance: the resistance to stem rot, ear rot and small spot can reach the level of resistance;
lodging resistance: the lodging rate is lower than 10 percent;
the yield potential is high: the seed yield and the weight of single fruit spike are equal to or more than 5 percent higher than the original parent.
Wherein, the yellow improved inbred line is preferably one of Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H.
Wherein, the improved Ruddy inbred line is preferably one of Zheng 58, fluid 478 and CH 3.
The X group inbred line is preferably one of Jing 724, Jing MC01 and Jing B547.
Wherein, the line selection method with high stringency is used for continuous selfing for multiple generations, 4-6 generations are selfed, and 5 generations are preferred.
Wherein the corn variety mainly planted in China at present is Zhengdan 958.
The multipoint multi-row area is repeatedly planted, preferably in 6 row areas of 8 test points such as Beijing Tongzhou, Hebei Baoding, Henan Zhengzhou, Shandong Jinnan, Anhui Huzhou, Hebei Shijiazhuang, Henan Xinxiang and Henan He Jibi for three times.
The invention also provides application of the innovative breeding method of the Huangrui group germplasm in corn breeding.
The innovative breeding method of the Huangrui group germplasm aims at continuously improving the genetic gain of unique germplasm resources in China, enriching the genetic basis of germplasm resources in China, solving the breeding work of germplasm resources with high temperature and drought resistance, rain and sunshine resistance, strong disease and lodging resistance, high yield potential and the like in Huanghuaihai spring corn regions, accelerating the breeding work of new corn varieties with high temperature and drought resistance, rain and sunshine resistance, disease and lodging resistance and high yield, and ensuring the grain safety in China.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The varieties of Jing 2416, Chang 7-2, Jing 2416H, Zheng 58, Yan 478, CH3, Jing 724, Jing MC01 and Jing B547 involved in this example are all known varieties, and those skilled in the art can introduce seeds from the breeding units or the germplasm bank of each variety.
1. In spring 2012, yellow improved inbred lines (Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H) and improved Ruddy inbred lines (Zheng 58, Dao 478 and CH3) are selected to hybridize with each other to obtain (Zheng 58X Jing 2416, Dao 478X Jing 2416, CH 3X Jing 2416, Zheng 58X Chang 7-2, Dao 478X Chang 7-2, CH 3X Chang 7-2, Zheng 58X Jing 2416H, Dao 478X Jing 2416H, CH3 XJing 2416H) F1And (4) seeds.
2. In 2012, the filial generation (Zheng 58X Jing 2416, Yangyang 478X Jing 2416, CH 3X Jing 2416, Zheng 58X Chang 7-2, Yangyang 478X Chang 7-2, CH 3X Chang 7-2, Zheng 58X Jing 2416H, Yangyang 478X Jing 2416H, CH 3X Jing 2416H) F is introduced into the male parent1Planting in Hainan, backcrossing with yellow modifier inbred line (Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H) to obtain [ (Zheng 58X Jing 2416) XJing 2416, (Yan 478X Jing 2416) XJing 2416, (CH 3X Jing 2416) XJing 2416, (Zheng 58X Chang 7-2) XChang 7-2, (Yan 478X Chang 7-2) XChang 7-2, (CH 3X Chang 7-2) XChang 7-2, (Zheng 58X Jing 6H) XJing 2416H, (Yan 478X Jing 2416H) XJing 3X Jing 2416H) XJing 2416H, (CH 3X Jing 2416H) Xeither 2416H]Backcrossing 1 generation of seeds, and breeding backcrossed 1 generation of offspring according to standards (the seed yield and the single-ear grain weight are equal to or more than 5% higher than the original parent, the resistances of stem rot, ear rot and small spot disease reach the above grade, the lodging rate is less than 10%, the pollen scattering rate of male flowers is more than 90%, and the fruiting rate is more than 70%) which are suitable for Huang-Huai-Hai-Chun corn regions, resistant to high temperature and drought, resistant to rain and little irradiation, strong in disease resistance and lodging resistance, and high in yield potential, wherein 6-10 ears are selected in each backcross combination.
3. In spring of 2013, selected backcross 1 generation progeny clusters are planted in Beijing according to ear rows for selfing, 3-5 excellent ear rows are selected for selfing, and selfing progeny breeding is performed according to standards (the selection standards are the same) which are suitable for Huang-Huai-Hai spring corn regions, high-temperature drought resistance, rain and sunshine resistance, strong disease and lodging resistance and high yield potential.
4. And carrying out continuous selfing selection on Beijing-Hainan in the winter of 2013 to 2015 according to a high-stringency line selection method for 2 generations in one year (the selection standard is the same as above), and breeding 20 parts of excellent selfing lines for 5 generations by selfing. The 20 inbred lines have the characteristics of high temperature and drought resistance, overcast and rain tolerance, little illumination, strong disease and lodging resistance and high yield potential (the seed yield and the single fruit grain weight are equal to or more than 5% higher than the original parent, the resistance of stem rot, grain rot and small leaf spot is up to the resistant level, the lodging rate is lower than 10%, the pollen scattering rate of the male flowers is more than 90%, and the fruiting rate is more than 70%).
5. In 2016, 7 representative lines of different germplasm groups such as Beijing 724, Jing MC01, Jing B547, Zheng 58, Ye 478, CH3, B73, PH6WC, MO17, PH4CV, Jing 2416, Chang 7-2, Jing 2416H, Dan 340, E28, Qiqi 319 and P178 are X group (Jing 724, Jing MC01 and Jing B547), modified Rudequ group (selfing 58, Rudequ 478 and CH3), Rudequ group (B73 and PH6WC), Lanka group (MO17 and PH4CV), yellow mutant group (Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H), Luda red bone group (Dan 340, E28), P group (Qiqi 319 and P178) which are commonly used in production are selected, and 20 excellent new bred strains are selected by SSR molecular marker technology, and divided into 20 new bred yellow group. The group comprises excellent characteristics of 4 large corn germplasm resource groups such as a Reid group, a Huang reform group, a lan Ka group, a Luda red bone group and the like which are widely used in China.
6. And (3) utilizing the representative lines of different germplasm groups in the step (5) and the newly bred 20 inbreds to perform genetic distance analysis by utilizing an SSR molecular marker technology according to a UPGMA (unweight Pair Group Method identity measures) Method, and finding that the genetic distance between the newly bred 20 inbred lines and the Group X is farthest.
7. In 2016, test seeds are bred by taking X group inbred lines (Jing 724, Jing MC01 and Jing B547) as female parents and newly bred 20 parts of Huangrui group inbred lines and original parents (Jing 2416, Chang 7-2, Jing 2416H, Zheng 58, fluid 478 and CH3) as male parents, and hybrid seeds are prepared by hybridization.
8. In 2017, in spring, hybrid seeds obtained by hybridization are matched, the corn variety Zhengdan 958 which is mainly planted in China at present is used as a control, the hybrid seeds are repeatedly planted in 6 rows of 8 test points such as Beijing Tongzhou, Hebei Baoding, Henan Zhengzhou, Shandong Jinnan, Anhui Suzhou, Hebei Shijiazhuang, Henan Xinxiang and Henan Heqiang, and the like for three times, and the screening and the identification of the comprehensive characters such as high temperature and drought resistance, rain and drought resistance, disease resistance and lodging resistance, yield resistance and the like (the screening standard is that the yield is equal to or more than 5% higher than that of the control variety Zhengdan 958, the resistance to stem rot, panicle rot and small leaf spot reaches the above grade, the lodging rate is less than 10%, the pollen scattering rate of male flowers is more than 90%, and the fructi. Comprehensive performance analysis of the properties such as yield, lodging resistance, disease resistance, stability and the like shows that the newly bred 20 parts of the hybrid combination formed by the Huangrui group inbred line and the X group inbred line is superior to the hybrid combination formed by combining the original parent strains of Jing 2416, Chang 7-2, Jing 2416H, Zheng 58, Ye 478 and CH3 and the X group inbred line in terms of yield, stable yield, adaptability, lodging resistance and disease resistance. Meanwhile, the hybridized combination matched with the newly bred Huangrui population selfing line can increase the yield by more than 10 percent compared with the current major variety Zheng 958, and the number of the hybridized combination with excellent comprehensive character performance is 10.
10. In 2017, in winter, the X group inbred line (Jing 724, Jing MC01 and Jing B547) is used as female parent test seeds, and 10 parts of the newly screened Huangrui group inbred line and the original parent (Jing 2416, Chang 7-2, Jing 2416H, Zheng 58, Ye 478 and CH3) are used as male parents to perform hybridization and hybridization.
11. In 2018, in spring, the hybrid seeds obtained by hybridization are matched, the corn variety Zhengdan 958 which is mainly planted in China at present is used as a control, the hybrid seeds are repeatedly planted in 6 rows of 8 test points such as Beijing Tongzhou, Hebei Baoding, Henan Zhengzhou, Shandong Jinnan, Anhui Suzhou, Hebei Shijiazhuang, Henan Xinxiang and Henan Heqiang, and the like for three times, and the screening and the identification of the comprehensive characters such as high temperature and drought resistance, rain and drought resistance, disease resistance and lodging resistance, yield resistance and the like (the screening standard is that the yield is equal to or more than 5% higher than that of the control variety Zhengdan 958, the resistance to stem rot, panicle rot and small leaf spot reaches the above grade, the lodging rate is less than 10%, the pollen scattering rate of the male flowers is more than 90%, and the. Through 2 years of 8-point identification, the newly bred inbred line is found to be remarkably superior to 3 parts of Rutacea virens inbred line of the original parent in the aspects of high temperature and drought resistance, rain and sunshine resistance, strong disease and lodging resistance, high yield potential and the like. The 3 parts of the yellow ruin inbred line is an excellent yellow ruin new germplasm which is named as Jinghuangrui 1, Jinghuangrui 2 and Jinghuangrui 3, and is preserved, wherein the preservation information is as follows:
jinghuangrui 1, classified and named as corn Zee mays, with the preservation number of CGMCC 18323, and preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center in 2019, 08 and 20 months, address: western road No. 1, north chen west road, north kyo, chaoyang, institute of microbiology, china academy of sciences, zip code 100101.
Jinghuangrui 2, classified and named as corn Zee mays, with the preservation number of CGMCC 18324, and preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center in 2019, 08 and 20 months, address: western road No. 1, north chen west road, north kyo, chaoyang, institute of microbiology, china academy of sciences, zip code 100101.
Jinghuangrui 3, classified and named as corn Zee mays, with the preservation number of CGMCC 18325, and preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center in 2019, 08 and 20 months, address: western road No. 1, north chen west road, north kyo, chaoyang, institute of microbiology, china academy of sciences, zip code 100101.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An innovative breeding method of Huangrui group germplasm, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. selecting a yellow modified group inbred line as one of the parents, hybridizing with the improved Ruider group inbred line, backcrossing the yellow modified group inbred line as the parent for 1 time, selecting a group based on the material obtained by backcrossing, and continuously selfing for multiple generations to breed a plurality of parts of excellent inbred lines by using high-severity line selection methods and high-temperature drought resistance, overcast and rain resistance, poor resistance to diseases and lodging resistance and high yield potential as breeding standards;
b. b, selecting backbone inbred lines from the X group, the improved Ruider group, the blue card group, the yellow reform group, the Luda red bone group and the P group as representative lines, dividing the groups of the inbred lines bred in the step a by using an SSR molecular marker technology, and confirming that the inbred lines are far from the representative inbred lines of the existing groups in genetic distance and do not belong to the independent group of the groups, namely belong to the Huangrui group;
c. selecting an inbred line from an X group which is far from the genetic distance of the yellow reform group and the improved reed group as a female parent test seed, and performing hybridization to obtain a hybrid seed by using the yellow reform group inbred line, the yellow reform group inbred line and the improved reed group inbred line which are bred in the steps as male parents;
d. the hybrid seeds are repeatedly planted in a multi-point and multi-row area by taking the corn varieties mainly planted in China as the contrast, comprehensive character identification such as high temperature and drought resistance, rain and sunshine resistance, strong disease and lodging resistance, high yield potential and the like is carried out, the hybrid combination yield of the newly bred inbred line exceeds 10 percent of the corn varieties mainly planted in China, and the inbred line of the corresponding hybrid combination matched with the yellow reform group inbred line and the improved reed group inbred line is superior to the yellow reform group inbred line in yield stability, lodging resistance, disease resistance, drought resistance and high temperature resistance, namely the bred new germplasm of the yellow ruin group.
2. The innovative breeding method of the germplasm of the Huangrui group according to claim 1, wherein the germplasm is continuously selfed for multiple generations by a high and high-stringency selection method, and the breeding standard is that the germplasm is suitable for Huang-Huai-Hai spring corn regions, and has high temperature and drought resistance, rain and sunshine resistance, strong disease resistance and lodging resistance and high yield potential.
3. The innovative breeding method of the daphne giraldii germplasm according to claim 2, characterized in that the specific breeding criteria are as follows:
high temperature drought resistance: the pollen scattering rate of the male flowers is more than 90 percent, and the maturing rate is more than 70 percent;
rain and sunshine resistance: the yield is equal to or more than 5% higher than that of the original parent;
disease resistance: the resistance to stem rot, ear rot and small spot can reach the level of resistance;
lodging resistance: the lodging rate is lower than 10 percent;
the yield potential is high: the seed yield and the weight of single fruit spike are equal to or more than 5 percent higher than the original parent.
4. The innovative breeding method of the Huangrui population germplasm of claim 1, wherein the Huangrui population inbred line is preferably one of Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H.
5. The innovative breeding method of Huangrui population germplasm as claimed in claim 1, wherein the improved Huangrui population inbred line is preferably one of Zheng 58, Ye 478 and CH 3.
6. The innovative breeding method of the germplasm of the Huangrui group according to claim 1, wherein the inbred line of the X group is one of Jing 724, Jing MC01 and Jing B547.
7. The innovative breeding method of the germplasm of the daphne giraldii group according to claim 1, wherein the line selection method with high stringency is used for continuous selfing for multiple generations, selfing for 4-6 generations.
8. The innovative breeding method of the germplasm of Huangrui group according to claim 1, wherein the corn variety currently cultivated in China is Zhengdan 958.
9. The innovative breeding method of Huangrui group germplasm according to claim 1, wherein the multi-point multi-row repeated planting is performed for three times in 6-row areas of 8 test points of Beijing Tongzhou, Hebei Baoding, Henan Zhengzhou, Shandong Jinnan, Anhui Huzhou, Hebei Shijiazhuang, Henan Xinxiang and Henan He Jibi.
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| CN116530409A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-04 | 河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Creation method of multi-resistance corn germplasm |
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