CN110679410A - Treatment method for improving heat resistance of lettuce - Google Patents
Treatment method for improving heat resistance of lettuce Download PDFInfo
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- CN110679410A CN110679410A CN201911111902.1A CN201911111902A CN110679410A CN 110679410 A CN110679410 A CN 110679410A CN 201911111902 A CN201911111902 A CN 201911111902A CN 110679410 A CN110679410 A CN 110679410A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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Abstract
A process for improving the heat resistance of lettuce includes such steps as choosing lettuce seeds, putting them in culture dish, ② preparing the treating liquid, taking melatonin, dissolving it in distilled water to obtain 1000 micromole/L treating liquid, storing at 4 deg.C, diluting at the concentration required by experimental design, ③ adding 5ml treating liquid to culture dish, weighing, examining the growth state of hypocotyl and radicle, sampling, and high-temp.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biology, in particular to a treatment method for improving heat resistance of lettuce through an exogenous substance melatonin.
Background
Lettuce is one of the main leaf vegetable varieties in China, and the cultivation area is increasingly large. Lettuce is cool and cool, and the optimal growth temperature is 15-25 ℃. Lettuce has a low germination rate at high temperature and is difficult to germinate at a temperature of more than 30 ℃. In recent years, the global temperature is rising continuously, high-temperature climate frequently occurs, the development of vegetable industry is greatly limited, the quality, yield, commodity property and the like of lettuce are seriously affected, and economic loss is caused.
In the process of lettuce growth, high temperature conditions can not only inhibit the growth of lettuce and influence the commodity of lettuce, but also seriously influence the physiological and biochemical indexes of lettuce and even cause the death of lettuce. In production, heat-resistant lettuce varieties or physical cooling (such as sunshade net or wet curtain ventilation cooling) modes are generally adopted to resist high-temperature damage, and the method for improving heat resistance of lettuce by applying exogenous substances is less.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is that lettuce generally adopts heat-resistant lettuce varieties or a physical cooling mode to resist high-temperature damage, the method for improving the heat resistance of lettuce by applying exogenous substances is less, and the treatment method for improving the heat resistance of lettuce by soaking germinated lettuce seeds with the exogenous substances melatonin is provided.
① selecting raw vegetable seeds with full seeds and normal color, wrapping the raw vegetable seeds with gauze to accelerate germination, placing the seeds in culture dishes when the raw vegetable seeds are just exposed to white, and placing 50 seeds with consistent germination in each culture dish, wherein each treatment is repeated for 3 times;
② preparing a treatment liquid, adding ethanol into melatonin, stirring until the melatonin is completely dissolved, preparing the dissolved melatonin into 1000 mu mol/L treatment liquid by using distilled water, storing at 4 ℃, and diluting to 10 mu mol/L to 1000 mu mol/L melatonin according to the concentration required by experimental design when in use;
③ adding 5ml of the treatment solution to the petri dish in the step ①, supplementing the treatment solution according to a weighing method, weighing the treatment solution at regular time every day, and adding the melatonin with the concentration of 10 mu mol/L to 1000 mu mol/L prepared in the step ② to an initial weight so as to keep the concentration of the melatonin in the treatment solution unchanged;
④ after 3d treatment, the growth status of hypocotyl and radicle is investigated, and samples are taken for measurement of relevant physiological indexes.
The step ③ is adding melatonin with the concentration of 100 mu mol/L to 500 mu mol/L of treatment solution, and the culture temperature is 30-40 ℃.
The treatment solution described in step ③ was added at 100. mu. mol/L melatonin at a culture temperature of 35 ℃.
The petri dish of step ① was 9cm in diameter and 2 layers of sterile filter paper were laid inside.
According to the invention, the influence of the exogenous substance melatonin on the growth of the lettuce buds under high-temperature stress is researched, and the influence on the growth state and physiological and biochemical indexes of the lettuce buds is observed and compared, so that an effective way for improving the heat resistance of the lettuce is found, and a foundation is laid for solving the problems in production.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the high temperature resistance of the lettuce can be greatly improved by treating the germinated lettuce seeds with exogenous melatonin and then placing the lettuce seeds under a high temperature condition. In addition, the influence of exogenous melatonin on the high temperature resistance of lettuce is relatively few, so that the research not only can solve the problem of improving the high temperature resistance of lettuce in production, but also discloses the function and action mechanism of melatonin in plants by researching various plant regulation mechanisms of melatonin under high temperature stress, and further researches the action of melatonin in plant abiotic stress.
The invention is realized by the technology of soaking the lettuce seeds which germinate by using an external melatonin solution. Conditions such as preparation method, preparation time, treatment method, time interval and the like of the exogenous melatonin should be fully considered.
When the concentration of the exogenous melatonin is prepared, weighing by using a one-ten-thousandth balance, preparing 1000 mu mol/L mother liquor by using distilled water, storing at 4 ℃, and diluting according to the concentration required by an experiment when in use;
to ensure the stability of the treatment concentration, the treatment liquid was changed daily during the treatment to keep the concentration constant. The method comprises the steps of treating germinated lettuce seeds with exogenous melatonin with different concentrations, placing the treated germinated lettuce seeds in a high-temperature environment, observing lettuce growth and measuring related physiological and biochemical indexes to find that the 100 mu mol/L melatonin improves heat resistance of the lettuce. By researching various regulation mechanisms of the melatonin on the lettuce under the high-temperature stress, the function and action mechanism of the melatonin in the plant are further disclosed; and the heat resistance of the lettuce is improved by spraying exogenous melatonin, and the method is simple and easy to implement and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of exogenous melatonin at different concentrations in the present invention on the growth state of lettuce sprouts under high temperature stress.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
A treatment method for improving heat resistance of lettuce comprises ① selecting lettuce (Lactuca sativaL) to be tested as Shenchong No. one, provided by horticulture research institute of academy of agricultural sciences in Shanghai city;
this test was carried out at the horticulture institute of Shanghai agricultural sciences. Selecting lettuce seeds with full seeds and normal color, wrapping the lettuce seeds with gauze for normal germination acceleration, placing the lettuce seeds in culture dishes with the diameter of 9cm when the lettuce seeds are just exposed to white, internally laying 2 layers of sterile filter paper, placing 50 seeds with consistent germination in each culture dish, and repeating the steps for 3 times;
② preparing a treatment liquid, wherein the melatonin is purchased from Sigma company, ethanol is added into the melatonin and stirred until the melatonin is completely dissolved, then the dissolved melatonin is prepared into 1000 mu mol/L treatment liquid by distilled water, the treatment liquid is stored at 4 ℃, and the treatment liquid is diluted into 10 mu mol/L to 1000 mu mol/L melatonin according to the concentration required by experimental design when in use;
③ adding 5ml of the treatment solution to the petri dish in the step ①, supplementing the treatment solution according to a weighing method, weighing the treatment solution at regular time every day, and adding the melatonin with the concentration of 10 mu mol/L to 1000 mu mol/L prepared in the step ② to an initial weight so as to keep the concentration of the melatonin in the treatment solution unchanged;
the invention sets a comparison and six test treatments as follows: the treatment conditions were respectively:
control (CK): normal temperature 25 deg.c + distilled water;
process one (T1): 35 ℃ plus distilled water;
treatment two (T2): melatonin treating liquid at 35 deg.c and 10 mol/L;
treatment three (T3): melatonin treating liquid at 35 deg.c and 50 micron mol/L;
treatment four (T4): melatonin treating liquid at 35 deg.c and 100 mol/L;
process five (T5): 35 ℃ plus 500. mu. mol/L melatonin treatment fluid:
process six (T6): 35 ℃ plus 1000 mu mol/L melatonin treating fluid.
After 3d of treatment, the growth states of hypocotyls and radicles are investigated, and samples are taken at the same time to measure related physiological indexes.
The measuring index and method are as follows:
the hypocotyl and radicle lengths were measured with a ruler. The activity of the root system is measured by adopting a TTC method. The Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was determined by the thiobarbituric acid method. The electrolyte permeability was measured by a conductivity meter method, and the electrolyte permeability was (conductivity before boiling/conductivity after boiling) × 100%. Determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) Activity NBT (nitro blue tetrazolium) photochemical reduction method was used. The Peroxidase (POD) activity was measured by the guaiacol method. The Catalase (CAT) activity was measured by hydrogen peroxide UV spectrophotometry.
And (3) test results:
1. influence of exogenous melatonin with different concentrations on root activity of lettuce under high-temperature stress
As shown in Table 1, when the lettuce is singly treated at the high temperature of 35 ℃ (T1), the root system activity of the lettuce is obviously lower than that of the lettuce which is not treated by high temperature stress (CK), and is reduced by 60.69%; compared with the single treatment at 35 ℃ (T1), the treatment of (T2) - (T5)10 to 500 mu mol/L melatonin treatment solution increases the root activity of lettuce to different degrees under high temperature stress, and the root activity tends to increase and decrease with the increase of treatment concentration, wherein the treatment effect is the best with 100 mu mol/L melatonin treatment solution, and the root activity is remarkably higher than that of the single treatment at 35 ℃, which is increased by 126.45%; when the concentration of the melatonin reaches 1000 mu mol/L, the activity of the root system is lowest.
TABLE 1 Effect of different concentrations of exogenous melatonin on lettuce root activity under high temperature stress
2. Influence of exogenous melatonin with different concentrations on growth of hypocotyls and radicles of lettuce under high-temperature stress
As shown in table 2, (T1) when treated alone at 35 ℃ high temperature, the hypocotyl and radicle growth of lettuce were significantly lower than those of (CK) not treated by high temperature stress, respectively by 50.03% and 61.36%. (T2) - (T6) applying exogenous melatonin with different concentrations has different degrees of relieving effects on the growth of hypocotyl and radicle of lettuce under high temperature stress, and the effects on the hypocotyl and radicle are consistent, and both the effects tend to increase first and decrease later, wherein the treatment effect is the best at 100 mu mol/L, and the hypocotyl length and radicle length are respectively increased by 41.94% and 18.63% compared with the single treatment at 35 ℃.
TABLE 2 Effect of different concentrations of exogenous melatonin on the growth of hypocotyls and radicles of lettuce under high temperature stress
3. Influence of exogenous melatonin with different concentrations on lettuce sprout conductivity and MDA content under high temperature stress
Both conductivity and MDA content reflect the extent of plant injury. As shown in table 3, (T1) when treated alone at 35 ℃ high temperature, the conductivity and MDA content of hypocotyls and radicles of lettuce were both increased as compared to the control without high temperature stress treatment, and the increase was the greatest, wherein the conductivity of hypocotyls and radicles increased 235.12% and 197.33%, respectively; while the MDA content of hypocotyls and radicles is increased by 107.41% and 119.64%, respectively. (T2) - (T6) applying exogenous melatonin with different concentrations has different alleviating effects on injury degrees of hypocotyls and radicles of lettuce under high-temperature stress, and the injury degrees tend to increase and decrease with the increase of treatment concentration, wherein the treatment effect is best at 100 mu mol/L.
TABLE 3 influence of exogenous melatonin on lettuce sprout conductivity and MDA content under high temperature stress
4. Influence of exogenous melatonin with different concentrations on activities of SOD, POD and CAT of lettuce sprouts under high-temperature stress
The activities of SOD, POD and CAT represent the strength of the antioxidant capacity and the capacity of eliminating active oxygen in vivo of plants. As shown in Table 4, (T1) when the lettuce is treated alone at 35 ℃ high temperature, the activities of the hypocotyl, the radicle SOD, the radicle POD and the lettuce are all reduced compared with the control without high temperature stress treatment, and the reduction range is maximum, which indicates that the high temperature causes certain damage to the growth of the lettuce sprouts. (T2) - (T6) applying different concentrations of exogenous melatonin can relieve the damage of high-temperature stress to the sprouts of the lettuce, and the relieving effect shows the trend that the concentration of the exogenous melatonin increases and then decreases with the increase of the treatment concentration, wherein the treatment effect is best at 100 mu mol/L.
TABLE 4 influence of exogenous melatonin on the SOD, POD and CAT activities of lettuce sprouts under high temperature stress
Claims (4)
1. A method for improving heat resistance of lettuce comprises ① selecting lettuce seeds with full seeds and normal color, wrapping with gauze, sprouting, and placing 50 identical germinated seeds in each culture dish when the lettuce seeds are just white;
② preparing a treating liquid, adding ethanol into melatonin, stirring until the melatonin is completely dissolved, preparing the dissolved melatonin into 1000 μmol/L treating liquid with distilled water, storing at 4 deg.C, and diluting to 10 μmol/L melatonin ~ 1000 μmol/L according to the concentration required by experimental design;
③ adding 5ml of the treatment solution to the culture dish in the step ①, supplementing the treatment solution by weighing, weighing regularly every day, and adding ~ 1000 μmol/L melatonin having a concentration of 10 μmol/L prepared in the step ② to the culture dish to an initial weight so as to keep the concentration of the melatonin in the treatment solution constant;
④ after 3d treatment, the growth status of hypocotyl and radicle is investigated, and samples are taken for measurement of relevant physiological indexes.
2. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the melatonin with a concentration of 100 μmol/L melatonin ~ 500 μmol/L melatonin is added in step ③, and the temperature for culturing is 30-40 ℃.
3. The method as set forth in claim 2, wherein the treatment liquid of step ③ is melatonin in an amount of 100. mu. mol/L, and the culture temperature is 35 ℃.
4. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the dish is 9cm and 2 layers of sterile filter paper are spread inside the dish in step ①.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116458423A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-07-21 | 浙江大学 | Application of exogenous melatonin in improving heat resistance of Chinese cabbage and relieving high-temperature bitter of Chinese cabbage |
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