CN110679265B - A double-row self-propelled deep planting green onion harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-row self-propelled deep-planting green onion harvester, comprising a high-clearance vehicle body and a ditching device installed at the bottom of the high-clearance vehicle body. an upper connecting frame, a lower connecting frame hinged with the upper connecting frame through a transverse hinge shaft, and a hydraulic cylinder that drives the lower connecting frame to rotate around the transverse hinge shaft, the transverse hinge shaft is connected to the running direction of the high ground clearance vehicle body Vertically, at least two openers arranged along the width direction of the high-clearance vehicle body are installed on the lower connecting frame; the openers include a rigid rod fixed to the lower connecting frame and rotatably connected to the rigid rod The front sprocket and the lower sprocket, the blade chainsaw wound on the front and lower sprockets, and the ditching driving device for driving the blade chain saw to rotate, the blade chain saw along the high clearance vehicle body The running direction extends, and the front sprocket is located at the end of the blade chainsaw away from the lower connecting frame.

Description

A double-row self-propelled deep planting green onion harvester

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a double-row self-propelled deep-planting green onion harvester.

Background technique

In recent years, the consumption of green onions in my country has been continuously increasing, and its export volume has always accounted for a large proportion of the total vegetable exports. Therefore, with the continuous adjustment of the agricultural planting structure, my country has put forward new requirements for the yield and quality of green onions. Zhangqiu green onions are straight and long, tall and rich in nutritional value. They have successfully stood out among many green onion varieties. However, as a crop with a small plant spacing, it is difficult to guarantee a high harvest rate; especially the deep-planted green onions like Zhangqiu green onions, the green parts of which are unearthed higher, and the white parts are buried deeper into the soil, which further increases the difficulty of harvesting. The existing green onion harvester is mainly suitable for medium and short green onions, and the harvesting effect of the deep green onions is not ideal, the onion damage rate is high, the harvest rate is low, time-consuming, low in efficiency, and high in harvesting cost; and the manual harvesting method. The process is more complicated and time-consuming. Therefore, a new type of harvester is needed to achieve high-quality and efficient mechanized harvesting of deep-planted green onions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a double-row self-propelled deep planting green onion harvester, which can integrate ditching and soil loosening, realize non-destructive excavation and orderly laying, save manpower and material resources, and reduce The damage rate of green onions improves the work efficiency.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and provides a double-row self-propelled deep-planting green onion harvester, comprising a high-clearance vehicle body and a ditching device installed at the bottom of the high-clearance vehicle body, the ditching device comprising: an upper connecting frame fixed on the high clearance vehicle body, a lower connecting frame hinged with the upper connecting frame through a lateral hinge shaft, and a hydraulic cylinder for driving the lower connecting frame to rotate around the lateral hinge shaft, the lateral hinge The shaft is perpendicular to the running direction of the high ground clearance vehicle body, and at least two openers arranged along the width direction of the high ground clearance vehicle body are installed on the lower connecting frame; the openers include a rigid rod fixed to the lower connecting frame, a front sprocket and a lower sprocket rotatably connected to the rigid rod, a blade chainsaw wound around the front and lower sprockets, and a ditching drive for driving the blade chainsaw to rotate, the The blade chain saw extends along the running direction of the high ground clearance vehicle body, and the front sprocket is located at one end of the blade chain saw away from the lower connecting frame.

In this scheme, the high ground clearance car body is used as the main body for walking and installation of various parts, which meets the requirements of the height of green onions and avoids damage to the onion body during harvesting. The hydraulic cylinder drives the lower connecting frame to rotate up and down to realize the adjustment of the trenching depth; two The openers are located on both sides of the onion ridge. When harvesting, the driving device drives the blade chain saw to rotate, and the soil on both sides of the roots of the multi-scallion ridge is ditched to facilitate the harvesting of the onion body.

As an optimization, there are two groups of openers, two openers in each group, and a channel opposite to the onion ridge is formed between the two openers in the same group. By setting two groups of openers in this optimization scheme, the two-row trenching operation can be completed at the same time, which improves the harvesting efficiency.

As an optimization, there is a mechanical shaking blade between the front sprockets of the two openers in the same group. The mechanical shaking blade is connected between the two front sprocket mounting brackets at the front of each group of openers. The mechanical shaking blade is fixed by the built-in rotating shaft. on the front sprocket mount. In this optimization scheme, a mechanical shaking blade is set between the two front sprockets, and the built-in shaft rotates with a limited rotation angle to drive the mechanical shaking blade to move forward and backward at a uniform speed, so that the frontmost part of the opener can reach the position below the root of the green onion; at the same time, it can reach the area below the root. After that, the mechanical shaking blade is further shaken to achieve the purpose of loosening the soil, so as to facilitate the harvest of green onions.

As an optimization, the shaft rotatably connected to the lower wheel frame is also evenly mounted with a helical cutter connected to the drive device. During the operation of this optimization scheme, the screw cutter is driven to rotate by the driving device, and the soil will be driven to the side of the rotation direction of the cutter, that is, between the two groups of openers and the outside, so it will not accumulate on the green onion side. It does not affect the harvest, can achieve the purpose of loosening the soil, and further improves the harvest efficiency.

As an optimization, the two front wheel hubs of the high ground clearance vehicle body are respectively connected to the lower L-shaped elbow, respectively, and the vertical rods are respectively fixed on the two lower L-shaped elbows, and the vertical rods pass through the upper L-shaped elbow and the vehicle body respectively. fixed. This optimization scheme forms a gantry frame structure with the vehicle body through the arrangement of the lower L-shaped elbow, the vertical rod and the upper L-shaped elbow, which is convenient for the passage of green onions and helps to reduce the damage of the onion body.

As an optimization, it also includes a diverting guide device located in front of the ditching device. The diverting guide device includes a mounting plate with two ends respectively sleeved on the two vertical rods, and four pieces extending obliquely from the mounting plate to the front of the vehicle body. Diverter plate, one end of the middle two diverter plates away from the installation plate is fixedly connected by an arc guide plate, and the opening of the arc guide plate faces the side where the installation plate is located. The diverting guide device of this optimized solution separates the two adjacent onion ridges through the arc guide plate, and the diverting plate forms an outer opening corresponding to the scallion ridge, so that the green onions can enter the designated area at the rear more smoothly for diversion, thereby effectively avoiding a large number of green onions. The situation of accumulation and blockage; at the same time, it also prevents some green onions from being missed or damaged by wheels, blade chainsaws, and rotating knives due to errors in the relative movement route.

As an optimization, the vertical rod is sleeved and fixed with an cambered baffle, and the arcuate arches of the cambered baffle are oppositely arranged. In this optimization scheme, arc baffles are set to prevent the green onions from getting caught in the wheel when they pass the rear and cause different degrees of damage to the car body and the green onions at the same time.

As an optimization, a U-shaped baffle plate extending to the front of the front wheel is also sleeved and fixed on the lower L-shaped elbow, and the two sides of the U-shaped baffle plate extend to both sides of the front wheel respectively. In this optimization scheme, U-shaped baffles are set to block the wheels, so that some green onions that grow slopingly pass through both sides of the baffles to avoid damage.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The high ground clearance car body is used as the walking device and the opener is used as the trenching device. It is convenient to lengthen the opener by increasing the length of the rigid rod; The extended opener is well adapted to the characteristics of tall plants such as Zhangqiu green onions, and the green parts under the soil and the green parts on the soil are very long; according to a series of characteristics of Zhangqiu green onions, this invention realizes ditching. It is integrated with the loosening process, has complete functions, avoids tedious manual labor, reduces work difficulty and work intensity, and effectively improves work efficiency.

2. The present invention adopts a pulling-type trenching device, which, compared with the push-type trenching device, effectively avoids the obstruction of the trenching opener due to insufficient thrust or when the trenching encounters hard objects such as large rocks. In this way, the situation of car body damage and car body rollover can be avoided.

3. The present invention adopts the green onion shunt guide device, so that the green onion can carry out relative movement through a designated path, thereby solving a series of problems that the green onion in Zhangqiu cannot enter the correct path due to inclination, lodging, etc. It also indirectly increases the yield.

4. The present invention adopts the double-row harvesting method, that is, the opener is provided with four branches, two of which are in a group, and the two groups work at the same time to open the trenches on both sides of the Zhangqiu green onion and loosen the soil, which improves the work efficiency and reduces the work intensity.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trenching device (with a mechanical shaking blade);

Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of green onion shunt guide device;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the protection device and the green onion shunt guide device (the cambered baffle on the right half is hidden);

Shown in the picture:

1. High ground clearance body, 2. T-shaped connecting rod, 3.1. Upper L-shaped elbow, 3.2, Lower L-shaped elbow, 4. Curved baffle, 5. Hydraulic cylinder, 6. U-shaped baffle, 7. Upper connecting frame, 8. Lower connecting frame, 9. Spiral cutter, 10. Mechanical shaking blade, 11. Front sprocket, 12. Front sprocket mounting frame, 13. Rigid rod, 14. Blade chainsaw, 15 , Vertical rod, 16, Cylindrical cross rod, 17, Cylindrical connecting rod, 18, Shaft, 19, Lower sprocket, 20, Piston rod, 21, Square frame rod, 22, Diverter plate, 23, Arc guide plate, 24, lower wheel frame.

Detailed ways

In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the solution, the solution will be described below through specific implementations.

As shown in Figure 1, a double-row self-propelled deep planting green onion harvester includes a traveling device, a transmission device, a hydraulic device, a ditching device, a soil loosening device, a green onion diversion guide device and a protection device.

The traveling device includes a high ground clearance vehicle body 1 provided with two small front wheels and two large rear wheels, and a ditching device installed at the bottom of the high ground clearance vehicle body, and an engine for driving the rear wheels to rotate is fixed on the high ground clearance vehicle body. The engine rests on a connecting chassis that stabilizes the combined body.

The transmission device includes electric and hydraulic transmission equipment built into the high ground clearance vehicle body, and the front sprocket and the lower sprocket that make the chain saw of the opener blade in the ditching device rotate back and forth.

The hydraulic device includes a hydraulic cylinder 5 in the ditching device and a hydraulic system connected to the hydraulic cylinder. The reciprocating motion of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder realizes the unfolding and retracting of the ditching device, thereby freely controlling the depth of the ditching.

The ditching device includes an upper connecting frame 7 fixed on the high clearance vehicle body, a lower connecting frame 8 hinged with the upper connecting frame 7 through a transverse hinge shaft, and a lower connecting frame 8 that drives the lower connecting frame to rotate around the transverse hinge shaft. Hydraulic cylinder 5, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged with the upper connecting frame through the cylindrical cross bar 16, the piston rod 20 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged with the lower connecting frame through the cylindrical connecting rod 17, the cylindrical cross bar 16, the cylindrical connection The rod 17 and the transverse hinge axis are parallel to each other and both are arranged horizontally. The upper connecting frame is connected with the cylindrical cross bar 16 through the lower ends of the two T-shaped connecting rods 2 , and the upper end of the T-shaped connecting rods is connected with the high ground clearance vehicle body 1 . The transverse hinge axis is perpendicular to the running direction of the high ground clearance vehicle body, and at least two openers arranged along the width direction of the high ground clearance vehicle body are installed on the lower connecting frame. Two, a channel opposite to the onion ridge is formed between the two openers of the same group.

The opener includes a rigid rod 13 fixed to the lower connecting frame, a front sprocket 11 and a lower sprocket 19 rotatably connected to the rigid rod 13, and a blade chain wound around the front and lower sprockets The saw 14, and the ditching drive device that drives the blade chain saw 14 to rotate, the front sprocket and the lower sprocket are connected by the blade chain saw, the blade chain saw extends in the direction of the high clearance vehicle body, and the front chain wheel Located at the end of the blade chain saw away from the lower connecting frame, the blade chain saw 14 is provided with staggered triangular blades, which can effectively break open the soil under its high-speed movement, so as to achieve the purpose of ditching. Specifically, the rigid rod is located between the upper and lower sides of the blade chain saw 14 , and one end of the rigid rod away from the lower connecting frame is fixedly connected to the front sprocket mounting frame 12 , and the front sprocket is rotatably connected to the front sprocket mounting frame 12 , the rigid rod is also fixed with a downward extending lower wheel frame, the lower chain wheel 19 is rotatably connected to the lower wheel frame 24, and the lower chain wheel 19 is located at the rear lower part of the rigid rod 13. A square frame rod 21 is also fixed on the lower connecting frame, and the four openers are regularly fixed on the square frame rod 21 by bolts and nuts.

The scarifying device includes a screw cutter on the lower wheel frame, and a mechanical shaking blade 10 arranged between the front sprockets of two openers in the same group, the mechanical shaking blade 10 is fixed on the front chain through a built-in rotating shaft The wheel mounting bracket 12 is fixed with the two front sprocket mounting brackets and the two front sprockets concentrically. The helical cutter 9 is evenly fixed on the shaft 18 along the axial direction, the shaft 18 is rotatably connected to the lower wheel frame, the shaft 18 and the lower wheel frame can perform phase rotation movement, and the shaft 18 and the lower sprocket 19 are connected by keys to drive The rotation of the drive shaft 18 of the device drives the spiral cutter 9 to rotate freely. When the spiral cutter rotates, the lower sprocket rotates simultaneously. The mechanical shaking blade 10 is fixed between the two sprockets of the opener through the built-in rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is limited by the rotation angle to make the mechanical shaking blade move forward and backward at a uniform speed, so that the frontmost part of the opener can reach the root position of the green onion; at the same time, after reaching the root area , The mechanical shaking blade is further shaken to achieve the purpose of loosening the soil, thereby facilitating the harvest of green onions.

The two front wheel hubs of the high ground clearance vehicle body are respectively connected to the lower L-shaped elbow 3.2 in rotation, and the two lower L-shaped elbows 3.2 are respectively fixed to the upwardly extending vertical rods 15, and the vertical rods 15 respectively pass through the upper L-shaped elbow. The pipe 3.1 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body.

The protection device includes a fixed arc baffle 4 sleeved on the vertical rod and a U-shaped baffle plate 6 with two sides extending to both sides of the front wheel respectively, and the arc baffles of the arc baffle 4 are oppositely arranged. The U-shaped baffle plate 6 is sleeved and fixed on the lower L-shaped elbow 3.2 and extends to the front of the front wheel. U-shaped baffle plate 6 blocks the wheel, allowing some sloping green onions to pass on both sides of the U-shaped baffle plate to avoid damage. The curved baffle plate and the vertical rod are fixed concentrically to prevent the green onions from getting caught in the wheel when they pass the rear. , causing different degrees of damage to the car body and green onions at the same time.

The green onion diverting guide device in this embodiment is located in front of the ditching device, and includes a mounting plate with both ends sleeved on the two vertical rods, and four diverting plates 22 extending obliquely from the mounting plate to the front of the vehicle body. The end of the distribution plate 22 away from the mounting plate is fixedly connected by an arc guide plate 23, the opening of the arc guide plate 23 faces the side of the installation plate, and the distribution plate forms an outer opening corresponding to the green onion ridge. The two ends of the arc of the arc guide plate are respectively butted and fixed with the left and the right two open flow distribution plates to form a whole. Compared with other shapes, the arc-shaped guide plate can make the green onions enter the designated area at the rear more smoothly, thus effectively avoiding the accumulation and blockage of a large number of green onions; at the same time, it also prevents some green onions from being missed due to errors in the relative movement route or being blocked by wheels, In the case of blade chainsaw or screw cutter injuries.

The method of using the double-row self-propelled deep planting green onion harvester in the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows: the high ground clearance vehicle body of the walking device advances along the designated route, after reaching the field ridge, the green onion reaches the opener room through the green onion diversion guide device, During the period, the existence of protective devices reduced the damage rate of Zhangqiu green onions as much as possible. At the same time, the ditching device is lowered through the telescopic motion of the hydraulic cylinder, and different ditching depths can be selected for green onions with different planting depths; the blade chainsaw in the ditch opener rotates around the transmission sprocket and the rigid rod to break the soil to realize ditching the goal of. In addition, the continuous rotation of the spiral blade and the reciprocating motion of the mechanically shaking blade in the soil loosening device loosen and remove soil from the roots of the green onions, which is convenient for the harvesting of the green onions.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be realized by or using the existing technology, and will not be repeated here; the above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not It is a limitation of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that changes, modifications, The additions or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, and should also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a self-propelled shallot harvester of planting deeply of double row which characterized in that: the ditching device comprises an upper connecting frame (7) fixed on the high-ground-clearance vehicle body, a lower connecting frame (8) hinged with the upper connecting frame (7) through a transverse hinge shaft, and a hydraulic cylinder driving the lower connecting frame to rotate around the transverse hinge shaft, wherein the transverse hinge shaft is vertical to the traveling direction of the high-ground-clearance vehicle body, and at least two ditchers distributed in the width direction of the high-ground-clearance vehicle body are arranged on the lower connecting frame;

the furrow opener comprises a rigid rod (13) fixedly connected with the lower connecting frame, a front chain wheel (11) and a lower chain wheel (19) which are rotatably connected to the rigid rod (13), a blade chain saw (14) wound on the front chain wheel and the lower chain wheel, and a furrow opening driving device for driving the blade chain saw (14) to rotate, wherein the blade chain saw extends along the traveling direction of the high-clearance vehicle body, and the front chain wheel is positioned at one end of the blade chain saw, which is far away from the lower connecting frame.

2. The two-row self-propelled deep planting green Chinese onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: the number of the furrow openers is two, two furrow openers are arranged in each group, and a channel opposite to the scallion ridge is formed between the two furrow openers in the same group.

3. The two-row self-propelled deep planting green Chinese onion harvester of claim 2, wherein: a mechanical shaking blade (10) is arranged between the front chain wheels of the two furrow openers in the same group, and the mechanical shaking blade (10) is concentrically matched and fixed with the two front chain wheel mounting frames (12) and the two front chain wheels (11) through a built-in rotating shaft.

4. The two-row self-propelled deep planting green Chinese onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: the shaft (18) which is rotationally connected with the lower wheel carrier (24) is also uniformly provided with a spiral cutter (9) which is connected with a driving device.

5. The two-row self-propelled deep planting green Chinese onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: two front wheel hubs of the high-clearance vehicle body are respectively and rotatably connected with a lower L-shaped bent pipe (3.2), the two lower L-shaped bent pipes (3.2) are respectively and fixedly connected with a vertical rod (15), and the vertical rods (15) are respectively and fixedly connected with the vehicle body through upper L-shaped bent pipes (3.1).

6. The two-row self-propelled deep planting green Chinese onion harvester of claim 5, wherein: still including being located the reposition of redundant personnel guider in ditching device the place ahead, reposition of redundant personnel guider includes that both ends overlap respectively and establish mounting panel on two vertical poles and from four flow distribution plate (22) that the place ahead slope that the mounting panel marched to the automobile body extends, and arc deflector (23) rigid coupling is passed through to the one end of keeping away from the mounting panel on two flow distribution plate (22) in the middle, and the opening of arc deflector (23) is towards mounting panel place side.

7. The two-row self-propelled deep planting green Chinese onion harvester of claim 5, wherein: the vertical rod is fixedly sleeved with an arc-shaped blocking piece (4), and the arc-shaped arches of the arc-shaped blocking piece (4) are oppositely arranged.

8. The two-row self-propelled deep planting green Chinese onion harvester of claim 5, wherein: still overlap on L type return bend (3.2) down and establish U type fender wheel board (6) that are fixed with and extend to the front wheel the place ahead, the both sides limit of U type fender wheel board (6) extends to the front wheel both sides respectively.

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