CN209914486U

CN209914486U - Leaf mechanism is jointly cut to green vegetable head

Info

Publication number: CN209914486U
Application number: CN201920215647.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖宏儒; 金月; 宋志禹; 蒋清海; 丁文芹; 夏先飞; 孙洪友; 张健飞; 杨光; 梅松; 韩余
Original assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Current assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Priority date: 2019-02-20
Filing date: 2019-02-20
Publication date: 2020-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to a leaf mechanism is jointly cut to green vegetable head belongs to agricultural machine technical field. The mechanism comprises a mounting bracket, wherein the front end of a transmission flat plate arranged at the front part of a frame is fixedly provided with a horizontal fixed rail at the lower part, the horizontal fixed rail is provided with a horizontal sliding rail which forms a moving pair with the horizontal fixed rail, and the horizontal sliding rail supports a main leading and shifting roller which drives a leading and shifting motor to rotate outwards through a leading and shifting frame; the upper parts of the two paired main drawing and stirring rollers are respectively provided with a primary leaf-cutting rotary cutter supported below the side row mounting rack, and the side row mounting rack is provided with a leaf-arranging spiral roller; the fixed vertical rails are arranged on the rear sides of the side row mounting frames, the fixed vertical rails and the rear mounting frames form a vertical moving pair, two ends of a transverse rod fixedly connected with the rear mounting frames are respectively hinged with the upper ends of the connecting rods, the lower ends of the two connecting rods are respectively hinged with the corresponding leading and pulling frames, and the lower ends of the rear mounting frames are provided with second-stage leaf-cutting rotary cutters positioned at the middle rear parts of the two first-stage leaf-cutting rotary cutters. The utility model discloses cut the leaf with the two-stage and combine organically, efficiency improves greatly, to the accurate cutting of stem leaf binding site, is showing to have reduced the results and has contained miscellaneous rate.

Description

Leaf mechanism is jointly cut to green vegetable head

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a cut leaf mechanism, especially a leaf mechanism is jointly cut to green vegetable head belongs to agricultural machine technical field.

Background

The famous stem mustard of the Brassica oleracea head is a raw material for preparing tuber mustard, and the planting is mainly distributed in Chongqing, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces, wherein the Fuling tuber mustard in Fuling area of Chongqing is famous for a long time. However, due to the special characteristics of the stems of the brassica oleracea, such as irregular growth shape, inconsistent size, large and fertile leaves, low nodulation position and the like, and the factors of mountainous areas, heavy soil and the like, such as Fuling, the cutting of the leaves above the stems during harvesting is always a difficult problem for a long time, and not only is the leaves required to be cut in time due to large leaf quantity, but also the leaf cutting height is difficult to accurately control due to the size change of the stems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the combined vegetable head leaf cutting mechanism capable of adjusting the leaf cutting height according to the size change of vegetable stems is provided, so that favorable conditions are created for mechanical harvesting of the vegetable heads.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses the basic technical scheme of green vegetable head combined leaf-cutting mechanism does: the device comprises a transmission flat plate arranged at the front part of a frame, wherein a mounting bracket with a lower part provided with a horizontal fixed rail is fixed at the front end of the transmission flat plate, the horizontal fixed rail is provided with a horizontal slide rail which forms a lockable horizontal moving pair with the horizontal fixed rail corresponding to the main drawing and poking roller, and the horizontal slide rail supports the main drawing and poking roller which drives a drawing and poking motor to rotate outwards through a drawing and poking frame fixedly connected with the horizontal slide rail;

the upper parts of the two paired main drawing and poking rollers are respectively provided with a primary leaf-cutting rotary cutter supported below the side row mounting rack, and the side row mounting rack is provided with a leaf-arranging spiral roller;

the side is arranged mounting bracket rear side and is equipped with fixed upright rail, fixed upright rail constitutes vertical sliding pair with the after-mounting bracket, the horizontal pole both ends that the after-mounting bracket linked firmly are articulated with the upper end of connecting rod respectively, and the lower extreme of two connecting rods is neighbouring and is articulated with the frame of dialling that draws that corresponds respectively, the after-mounting bracket lower extreme is equipped with the second grade leaf-cutting rotary knife that is arranged in two-level leaf-cutting rotary knife rear side.

When the green vegetable is harvested and goes forward, the green vegetable heads are gathered and righted under the action of the paired external rotary guiding and stirring devices, and meanwhile, most of leaves above the nodular stems are removed by the primary leaf cutting device and are laterally discharged and returned to the field; because the big vegetable stem of vegetable stem, leaf junction position are also corresponding higher, consequently when drawing the device outwards to expand under the horizontal migration adverse effect because of the vegetable stem is too big, the follow-up of connecting rod makes the horizontal pole drive the rear mounting bracket and risees, has ingeniously realized the accurate control of cutting height for the second grade device of cutting the leaf can accomplish required accurate leaf of cutting on the basis of one-level leaf of cutting.

The utility model discloses a further perfection is, arrange the preceding top of leaf helical drum and be equipped with the rotating vane thumb wheel.

The utility model discloses further perfect is, the one-level is cut leaf and is revolved the sword and be a style of calligraphy blade, and the one-level is cut leaf and is revolved the sword and crisscross and have overlap region from top to bottom of both sides.

The utility model discloses further perfect still, a pair of vertical cutter axle is supported at the middle part of transmission flat plate 2, the lower extreme that cuts the cutter axle is equipped with the disc cutting knife, constitutes the disc and cuts a device.

The utility model discloses a further improvement is again, two become to crisscross from top to bottom the disc cutting knife, and form the overlap region.

The utility model discloses still further perfect is, disc cutting knife below is equipped with the firming board.

The utility model discloses still further perfect is, the firming plate front end is the bending form that makes progress.

Drawings

For a clearer explanation of the present invention, the following description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective exploded view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-propelled vegetable head combine harvester adopting the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the embodiment of fig. 1 from another perspective.

Fig. 7 is a partial sectional structural schematic view of the root cutting disc cutter of the embodiment of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

Example one

The combined leaf-cutting mechanism for vegetable heads of this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and will be described in detail below starting with the structure of a self-propelled combined vegetable head harvester using this mechanism. In fig. 2, 3 and 4: 1. an automatic dial-leading device; 2. a disc root cutting device; 3. a frame; 4. a traveling device; 5. a control system; 6. an impurity removal device; 7. a conveying and lifting device; 8. a second-stage leaf shearing device; 9. a first-stage leaf-cutting device; 10. a blade-arranging spiral roller; 11. a rotating blade paddle wheel. The front part of a frame 3 arranged on a walking device 4 is provided with a conveying lifting device 7, the conveying lifting device 7 consists of a front conveying flat plate 2-7 and a rear chain type lifting machine, chain links of the chain type lifting machine are provided with bucket type mechanisms at intervals, the bucket type mechanisms have more specific structures comprising arc hook digging teeth 7-1 at the lower end and arc plates 7-2 at the upper end, and the arc hook digging teeth 7-1 and the arc plates 7-2 are fixedly connected through groove type straight plates 7-3. This bucket formula mechanism can effectively play and prevent that the green vegetable head from rolling down in the lifting transportation to the back upper place, avoids it to pile up the jam, and the curved hook digs the tooth and still plays the effect of initiative album dish simultaneously.

The middle part of the transmission flat plate 2-7 supports a pair of vertical cutter shafts 2-3 which are respectively driven by a driving motor 2-4 through a transmission belt, and the lower ends of the cutter shafts 2-3 are provided with disk cutters 2-2 (see figure 7) to form a disk root cutting device 2. The two paired disk cutters 2-2 are staggered up and down to form a certain overlapping area, so that the phenomenon that the core part is not cut or is not cut continuously in the cutting process is effectively avoided. The soil pressing plate 2-1 is arranged below the disc cutter 2-2, so that the soil pressing plate can flatten the ground with poor flatness and prevent the disc cutter from cutting soil and hilling, and the front end of the soil pressing plate 2-1 is bent upwards, so that the trafficability of the soil pressing plate can be improved. An intermittent rotary cylinder 2-5 is sleeved outside a vertical cutter shaft 2-3 in an empty manner, an extension end of an active shifting fork 2-6 which can contact the intermittent rotary cylinder 2-5 is arranged on the outer side of a transmission belt, so that when the active shifting fork moves to the intermittent rotary cylinder along with the belt, the rotary cylinder can be shifted to rotate to enable the rotary cylinder to rotate intermittently, and the effect of the intermittent rotary shifting fork is to prevent a cut vegetable head from being accumulated on a transmission flat plate after the rotary shifting roller and a disc cutter lose backward transmission power, so that congestion, crushing or falling are caused.

The front end of the transmission flat plate 2-7 is fixedly provided with a mounting bracket with the lower part provided with a horizontal fixed rail 1-5, the position of the horizontal fixed rail 1-5 corresponding to the main leading and dialing roller 1-6 is provided with a horizontal slide rail 1-4 which forms a lockable horizontal moving pair with the horizontal fixed rail, the horizontal slide rail 1-4 supports the main leading and dialing roller 1-6 which drives the outward rotation of the leading and dialing motor 1-7 through the leading and dialing frame 1-3 fixedly connected with the horizontal slide rail, and the horizontal slide rail has the functions of righting the lodged vegetable head and gathering scattered leaves so as to facilitate the subsequent leaf and root cutting operation; the distance between the paired main drawing and poking rollers can be adjusted according to the size of the vegetable heads, so that the vegetable can not be blocked due to overlarge size or can not be righted due to undersize size. The front end of the main leading and shifting roller 1-6 is hinged with a conical head leading and shifting roller 1-1 with the inner side limited and the outer side propped against the pressure spring, when a green vegetable head with poor planting straightness is harvested, the conical head leading and shifting roller can automatically adjust the size of the opening at the front end around a hinge fulcrum at the rear end, and feeding of the green vegetable head is guaranteed.

As shown in fig. 1 and referring to fig. 5 and 6, a first-stage leaf-cutting rotary knife 9 supported below a side row mounting rack 8-6 is respectively arranged above two pairs of main drawing and poking rollers 1-6, a leaf-row spiral roller 10 is arranged on the side row mounting rack 8-6, and a rotary leaf poking wheel 11 is arranged above the front of the leaf-row spiral roller 10. The first-stage leaf-cutting rotary knives 9 are straight-line-shaped blades, the blades are cut off by the horizontal circular rotation motion, the first-stage leaf-cutting rotary knives 9 on the two sides are staggered up and down and have a certain overlapping area, the effect is that most of the blades above the vegetable stems are cut off firstly, and a large number of cut blades are collected to the leaf-discharging spiral roller under the action of the rotary thumb wheel and are discharged from one side along with the rotation of the roller.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a fixed vertical rail 8-4 is arranged at the rear side of the side row mounting rack 8-6, the fixed vertical rail 8-4 and the rear mounting rack 8-3 form a vertical moving pair, two ends of a cross rod 8-7 fixedly connected with the rear mounting rack 8-3 are respectively hinged with the upper ends of the connecting rods 8-5, the lower ends of the two connecting rods 8-5 are adjacent and respectively hinged with the corresponding guiding and pulling rack 1-3, and a second-stage leaf-cutting rotary cutter 8-1 positioned at the middle rear part of the two first-stage leaf-cutting rotary cutters is arranged at the lower end of the rear mounting rack 8-3; when the vegetable stem is too large, the poking device expands outwards under the action of a horizontal moving side effect, the lower end of the connecting rod 8-5 stretches outwards, and as a result, the cross rod moves upwards under the restraint of the vertical moving pair, and the position of the joint of the head stem and the leaves of the large vegetable stem is correspondingly higher, so that the cross rod drives the rear mounting rack 8-3 to rise, and the cutting height is precisely controlled.

Considering that the leaves of the green vegetable heads are more and longer, the two-stage leaf cutting device is arranged in the embodiment, the leaf cutting rotary knife 8-1 is directly connected with the driving motor, and along with the forward movement of the harvester, the green vegetable heads which are subjected to leaf cutting move backwards relatively, and the stem and leaf joint is accurately cut by the two-stage leaf cutting rotary knife 8-1, so that the leaves are completely removed.

The frame 3 of the embodiment is provided with an impurity removing device 6 below the output end of the conveying and lifting device 7. The impurity removing device is composed of a pair of large-diameter spiral rolling brushes and two pairs of small-diameter hair rolling brushes, the contact parts of the rolling brushes and the vegetable heads are made of soft materials, residual soil and vegetable leaves on the vegetable heads can be removed, vegetables are not damaged, and the spiral rolling brushes also play a role in conveying the vegetable heads to the rear.

Experiments prove that the primary leaf cutting device comprising the leaf cutting knife, the impeller, the spiral conveying roller and the like can cut most of leaves of the head of the green vegetables and return the leaves to the field in a side row; and the second-stage leaf-cutting device is provided with a height follow-up adjusting mechanism, so that the combined position of the nodular stem and the leaves can be profiled, and the stem and the leaves can be accurately cut and separated. Compared with the traditional mechanical harvesting which needs manual secondary leaf removal, the reasonable design organically combining the two-stage leaf cutting not only greatly improves the efficiency, but also obviously reduces the harvest impurity rate and ensures the harvest quality because the stem leaf combining position is accurately cut and is matched with the root cutting mechanism.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a leaf mechanism is jointly cut to green vegetable head, is including settling the transmission flat board in the frame front portion, its characterized in that: the front end of the transmission flat plate is fixedly provided with a mounting bracket the lower part of which is provided with a horizontal fixed rail, the position of the horizontal fixed rail corresponding to the pair of main leading and dialing rollers is provided with a horizontal slide rail which forms a lockable horizontal moving pair with the main leading and dialing rollers, and the horizontal slide rail supports the main leading and dialing roller which drives the leading and dialing motor to rotate outwards through the leading and dialing bracket fixedly connected with the horizontal slide rail; the upper parts of the two paired main drawing and poking rollers are respectively provided with a primary leaf-cutting rotary cutter supported below the side row mounting rack, and the side row mounting rack is provided with a leaf-arranging spiral roller;

2. The combined vegetable head leaf-cutting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a rotary blade poking wheel is arranged at the front upper part of the blade-arranging spiral roller.

3. The combined vegetable head leaf-cutting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first-stage leaf-cutting rotary cutters are straight-line-shaped blades, and the first-stage leaf-cutting rotary cutters on the two sides are staggered up and down and are provided with overlapping areas.

4. The combined vegetable head leaf-cutting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: the middle part of the transmission flat plate 2 supports a pair of vertical cutter shafts, and the lower ends of the cutter shafts are provided with disc cutters to form a disc root cutting device.

5. The combined vegetable head leaf cutting mechanism according to claim 4, wherein: the two paired disk cutters are staggered up and down and form an overlapping area.

6. The combined vegetable head leaf-cutting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: and a soil pressing plate is arranged below the disc cutter.

7. The combined vegetable head leaf-cutting mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: the front end of the soil pressing plate is bent upwards.