CN110839387A - Garlic combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a garlic combine harvester, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The harvester comprises a harvesting table mounting frame which is supported at the front end of a chassis of a harvester through rotary oil cylinders at two sides, wherein a front-back extension supporting inner sleeve which is connected with a power output end at the front end of the chassis is arranged at the lower part of the rear side of the harvesting table mounting frame, and two sides of the middle part of the rear side of the harvesting table mounting frame and a left rotary rail and a right rotary rail at the front end of the chassis respectively form a left auxiliary supporting device and a right auxiliary supporting device which rotate around the axis of the supporting inner sleeve; the upper part of the harvesting platform mounting frame is hinged through horizontal hanging connecting shafts on two sides, the harvesting platform frame with a seedling dividing device, a seedling lifting device, a digging shovel and a depth wheel is arranged at the front end of the harvesting platform mounting frame, and two sides of the harvesting platform frame are supported on the harvesting platform mounting frame through lifting oil cylinders respectively. The invention can realize the front-back up-down floating of the whole harvesting platform and the left-right rotary floating of the whole harvesting platform, thereby reasonably regulating and controlling the digging depth of the harvester and ensuring the harvesting quality.

Description

Garlic combine harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to a harvester, in particular to a garlic combine harvester, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background

The garlic is one of important economic crops, and the harvesting procedures of the garlic comprise digging and laying, seedling shearing, root cutting, soil removal and cleaning, collection and bagging and the like. As can be seen, a typical garlic combine is disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. 2018102524014. To the best of the applicant's knowledge, there are two types of multi-row harvesting platform floating depth limiting of the existing garlic combine harvesting device: the single-row harvesting platform floats independently, and is characterized by good ground profiling effect, complex structure, low single-row overload capacity and easy failure; but adopts the integral uniform up-and-down floating, and is characterized by simple structure, but when the left-and-right direction is inclined, the digging depths of the left side and the right side have larger difference, thereby influencing the harvesting quality. Chinese patents with application numbers of 2018111991152 and 2018116510712 respectively disclose two multi-row garlic combine harvesters, but the harvesting platforms of the two multi-row garlic combine harvesters lack the function of copying the ground, so that the digging depth is not easy to control, and the digging damage of garlic is easy to cause; in the latter, although the harvesting platform can float up and down due to the depth limiting wheels arranged on the two sides of the front end, when the walking chassis inclines left and right, the harvesting platform cannot be kept horizontal, so that digging damage can still be caused due to the fact that the left and right harvesting digging depths are inconsistent.

In addition, because the garlic is not only high in planting density, but also is usually planted by covering films, and is seriously lodged in the harvesting period, the problem that how to lift lodged garlic seedlings and avoid carrying residual films on the ground before the subsequent harvesting process is solved, so that the mechanical harvesting of the garlic is faced. Chinese patent No. 2012102465146 discloses a self-propelled garlic combine harvester, which solves the above problems by arranging a film breaking knife at the front part of the digging device, arranging a divider at the front part of the film breaking knife, and avoiding the plastic film from being wound to a certain extent but not solving the lodging problem. The Chinese patent document with application number 201710212235.0 discloses a garlic harvester, which is characterized in that a fixed guide plate is adopted for cutting off the cut-off grass and the cut-off structure of a side disc cutter is adopted, however, garlic falls over more than 50% in the harvesting period, the falling direction is disordered, the side cut-off can prevent the garlic seedlings from being entangled, and the garlic seedlings cannot be cut off in the subsequent harvesting process, so that the garlic seedlings cannot be clamped and lost. According to the knowledge of the applicant, although most existing garlic combined harvesting equipment is provided with a seedling dividing and lifting device, the seedling dividing and lifting device is mainly of a fixed pointed cone structure, and the seedling lifting device has no independent power, so that garlic lying on the ground covered with a film cannot be lifted or is carried along with a mulching film, the harvesting quality is seriously affected, and particularly, the garlic cannot be harvested in the occasion of lying on the ground seriously in the harvesting period.

Besides the mulching film is dragged by the seedling dividing and lifting machine, the mulching film is easily wound at the digging shovel handle of the garlic harvester, the soil for planting the garlic is usually high in viscosity, and the garlic must and clay are difficult to clean and are common problems affecting the garlic harvesting quality. In the multi-row garlic harvester disclosed in chinese patent No. 201710212235.0, the motor drives the vibrating rod to reciprocate along the axial direction thereof through the eccentric driving vibrating wheel, and although the impact force during reciprocation overcomes the soil resistance, the soil breaking is more labor-saving, but the effect of removing the garlic beard clay is not great.

Disclosure of Invention

The primary objects of the present invention are: the garlic combine harvester with the header capable of floating all around is provided, so that the digging depth of the harvester can be reasonably regulated, digging damage of garlic is effectively avoided, and the quality of mechanical harvesting is guaranteed.

Further objects of the invention are: provides a garlic combine harvester which properly solves the problems of lifting the fallen seedlings and avoiding the plastic film from winding, thereby laying a foundation for subsequent mechanized operation and effectively avoiding garlic head damage.

Further objects of the invention are: provides a garlic combine harvester which not only has strong shoveling and digging capability, but also has good effects of shaking and removing clay and preventing mulching films from being wound.

In order to achieve the above primary purpose, the garlic combine harvester of the invention has the following basic technical scheme: the harvester comprises a crawler-type walking chassis, wherein a harvesting table frame is installed at the front part of the walking chassis through a harvesting table installation frame, a single-way cutting table supported on depth limiting wheel sets on two sides is installed at the front end of the harvesting table frame, a clamping and conveying device is installed on the cutting table along the conveying direction from low to high, a front-extending digging shovel is installed below the cutting table, and a seedling dividing device and a seedling holding device are installed at the front end of the cutting table;

the harvesting platform mounting rack is supported at the front end of the walking chassis through rotary oil cylinders at two sides, a front-back extension supporting inner sleeve connected with a power output end at the front end of the chassis is arranged at the lower part of the rear side of the harvesting platform mounting rack, and a left auxiliary supporting device and a right auxiliary supporting device which form a rotating pair around the axis of the supporting inner sleeve with a left rotary rail and a right rotary rail at the front end of the chassis are respectively arranged at two sides of the middle part of the rear side of the harvesting platform mounting rack;

the harvesting table frame is provided with a seedling dividing device, a seedling lifting device, a digging shovel and a depth limiting wheel set at the front end of the upper part of the harvesting table mounting frame through horizontal hanging connecting shafts at two sides, and two sides of the harvesting table frame are supported on the harvesting table mounting frame through lifting oil cylinders respectively.

When the garlic harvester is used for harvesting, the whole front-back up-and-down floating of the harvesting table can be realized by controlling the extension and retraction of the piston of the lifting oil cylinder according to the actual conditions of the field, and the whole left-right rotary floating can be realized simultaneously or independently by regulating and controlling the rotary oil cylinder, so that the garlic harvester is suitable for various postures of the walking chassis, the digging depth of the garlic harvester is reasonably regulated and controlled by virtue of the depth limiting wheel set, the garlic is prevented from being dug and damaged, and the harvesting quality is ensured.

The technical scheme is further perfected as follows: the harvesting table mounting frame is fixedly connected with the front end of the chassis through a shell of the front gear box, the lower portion of the front gear box is fixedly connected with a horizontal thrust inner sleeve, the thrust inner sleeve and the thrust outer sleeve form a revolute pair, one end, far away from the front gear box, of the thrust outer sleeve is fixedly connected with the intermediate gear box, and a transmission shaft, transmitting power to the intermediate gear box from the front gear box, is supported in the thrust outer sleeve. The nested connection structure of the inner supporting tube and the outer supporting tube not only realizes that the harvesting platform mounting frame rotates and floats left and right as required by regulating and controlling the rotary oil cylinder, but also does not influence the power transmission between the chassis and the harvesting platform.

The invention achieves the further purpose, and the seedling dividing device comprises a seedling dividing tip which is positioned at the foremost end of a front extending seedling dividing handle rod and is higher than a digging shovel, and a semi-surrounding seedling dividing conical plate which is expanded backwards is fixed at the rear part of the seedling dividing tip; the rear upper part of the seedling dividing conical plate is provided with a seedling lifting device, the seedling lifting device is composed of a forward extending horizontal shaft disc brush driven by a motor positioned above the digging shovel, and the inner sides of the disc brushes on the two sides of the digging shovel rotate in the tangential upward direction.

When the harvester goes forward to harvest, the seedling dividing devices on two sides of the digging shovel gradually lift up the lodging garlic seedlings by means of the seedling dividing conical plates, then the inner sides of the disc brushes on two sides rotate upwards in the tangential direction to lift up the garlic seedlings, so that the garlic seedlings are in a lifting state and are simultaneously lifted up by the broken root hairs of the digging shovel and the clamping of the clamping conveying chain, the quality of digging harvest is effectively guaranteed, the damage to the garlic heads is avoided, the mulching film cannot be dragged due to the flexibility of the brushes, the winding phenomenon is avoided, and the smooth harvesting is further guaranteed.

The perfection for achieving the further purpose is as follows: the rear lower part of the seedling dividing conical plate is fixedly connected with a seedling dividing bottom plate which forms a sliding cutting inclined plane with a high front part and a low rear part. Therefore, the bottom of the front end of the cantilever-shaped seedling dividing device is provided with a sliding cutting inclined plane which is contacted with the ground, and the cantilever-shaped seedling dividing device can float independently, so that the clearance between the front end cone tip and the ground in the working process is stable, the floating reaction is fast, the position is accurate, and the mulching film cannot be lifted.

In order to achieve a further purpose, the middle part and the rear part of a shovel handle of the digging shovel are respectively hinged with the lower ends of a front hanging rod and a vibration driving plate through a front fulcrum shaft and a rear fulcrum shaft, the upper ends of the front hanging rod and the vibration driving plate are respectively hinged with the lower part of a header, the middle part of the vibration driving plate is hinged with the front end of the vibration driving rod, and the rear end of the vibration driving rod is in transmission connection with an eccentric vibration driving wheel driven by a power source;

the depth wheel set is arranged at the lower end of the depth wheel frame which is declined backwards and is positioned behind a shovel handle of the vibrating digging shovel; the upper end of the depth limiting wheel frame is hinged to the front lower portion of the harvesting rack, the lower end of a guide rod is hinged to the middle of the depth limiting wheel frame, the upper end of the guide rod penetrates through a guide hole of an upper hinge pin arranged on an inclined support pipe of the harvesting rack to form a moving pair, and a depth limiting pressure spring enabling the depth limiting wheel to tend to press forwards and downwards is arranged on the guide rod.

Therefore, when harvesting operation is carried out, the high-frequency vibration of the vibration digging shovel can not only generate impact force to lead the soil breaking and digging to be more labor-saving, but also the digging shovel is essentially a connecting rod which drives the vibration double-rocker mechanism to do plane motion, so the sieving and winnowing vibration which is similar to an elliptical track can effectively loosen the clay at the garlic beard part, and is convenient to clean; in addition, the depth wheel set not only plays a role in limiting the excavating depth, but also can press sundries such as a mulching film and the like dragged on the excavating shovel handle due to the forward downward pressing trend of the depth wheel set positioned at the rear part of the vibrating excavating shovel handle, so that the mulching film is effectively prevented from being entangled.

To achieve a further improvement, the front hanging rod is composed of a screw rod mechanism with adjustable length, so that the length proportion of two rocking rods of the driving and vibrating double-rocking-rod mechanism can be changed by adjusting according to requirements, the motion track of the digging shovel is more ideal, the forward motion speed and acceleration can be relatively high, and the digging and soil shaking are more facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the walking chassis of the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the harvesting table of the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the frame of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a rear side projection block diagram of the harvesting table mount of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 5.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the harvesting table portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the seedling dividing device in the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the grain lifter in the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the construction of the conveyor chain arrangement in the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of fig. 11 from another perspective.

Fig. 14 is a schematic sectional view of fig. 11 taken along line D-D.

Fig. 15 is a partially enlarged structural view at B in fig. 11.

Fig. 16 is a schematic perspective view of the lifting clear soil conveying device in the embodiment of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

Example one

A crawler-type walking chassis 9 of the multi-row garlic combine harvester is provided with a garlic head lifting, soil cleaning and conveying device 10 and a self-unloading fruit collecting bin 11, the front part of the multi-row garlic combine harvester is provided with a harvesting table frame 3 capable of floating up and down and a conveying rod chain device 2 for collecting and discharging garlic heads through a harvesting table mounting frame 1 capable of rotating left and right, the front end of the harvesting table frame 3 is provided with a plurality of single-path cutting tables 5 supported on depth limiting wheel sets 4 on two sides, each single-path cutting table 5 is provided with a clamping conveying chain along the conveying direction from low to high, a front extending digging shovel 6 is respectively arranged below the single-path cutting table 5, and the front end of the single-path cutting table is provided with a seedling dividing.

The three-dimensional structure of the walking chassis 9 is shown in figure 2, the front middle part of the walking chassis 9 is provided with a gearbox 9-2 of an engine 9-1 under a power source self-driving cab 9-3, the two sides of the front end are respectively provided with a left revolving rail 9-5 and a right revolving rail 9-6 which are fixedly connected with a chassis platform support 9-4 through a left front upright post 9-43, and the two sides of the front end are respectively provided with a left revolving oil cylinder lower supporting shaft 9-7 and a right revolving oil cylinder lower supporting shaft 9-8.

The harvesting table of the present embodiment has a specific structure as shown in fig. 3 to 6, and the harvesting table mounting frame 1 is a hollow tubular beam structure, and mainly comprises the following components: 1-1 part of clutch, 1-2 parts of coupler, 1-3 parts of front gear box, 1-4 parts of inner sleeve of supporting weight, 1-5 parts of outer sleeve of supporting weight, 1-6 parts of bearing, 1-7 parts of intermediate gear box, 1-8 parts of transmission shaft of digging shovel, 1-9 parts of transmission beam of left lower sleeve, 1-10 parts of transmission beam of right lower sleeve, 1-11 parts of left transmission upright, 1-12 parts of right transmission upright, 1-13 parts of upper support beam, 1-14 parts of transfer box group, 1-15 parts of intermediate beam, 1-16 parts of left auxiliary support device, 1-17 parts of right auxiliary support device, 1-18 parts of left fulcrum shaft, 1-19 parts of right fulcrum shaft, 1-20 parts of left upper left rotary oil cylinder, 1-21 parts of right upper fulcrum shaft of right rotary oil cylinder, 1-22 parts of left hanging shaft, 1-23 parts of right hanging shaft, 1-24 parts, The device comprises reversing gear boxes 1-25, front transmission chain wheels 1-26, conveying rod chain device mounting lugs 1-27 and rotary oil cylinders 1-28.

A shell of a front gear box 1-3 of a harvesting platform mounting frame 1 is fixedly connected with the front end of a platform frame of a chassis 9, the lower portion of the front gear box 1-3 is fixedly connected with a horizontal supporting inner sleeve 1-4, the supporting inner sleeve 1-4 and a supporting outer sleeve 1-5 form a revolute pair through a bearing 1-6, one end, far away from the front gear box 1-3, of the supporting outer sleeve 1-5 is fixedly connected with an intermediate gear box 1-7 with an excavating shovel transmission shaft 1-8 at the upper portion, and power is transmitted to the transmission shaft of the intermediate gear box 1-7 from the front gear box 1-3 through bearing support in the supporting outer sleeve 1-5. The lower ends of the cylinder bodies of the left and right two-side rotary oil cylinders 1-28 are respectively hinged with a left rotary oil cylinder lower supporting shaft 9-7 and a right rotary oil cylinder lower supporting shaft 9-8 through spherical hinges, the upper ends of the piston rods of the left and right two-side rotary oil cylinders 1-28 are respectively hinged with a left upper supporting shaft 1-20 of the left rotary oil cylinder and a right upper supporting shaft 1-21 of the right rotary oil cylinder at two sides of the harvesting platform mounting frame 1 through spherical hinges, so that the harvesting platform mounting frame 1 is supported at the front end of a chassis 9 of the harvester, the outer sides of the left upper supporting shaft 1-20 of the left rotary oil cylinder and the right upper supporting shaft 1-21 of the right rotary oil cylinder are respectively provided with a left auxiliary supporting device 1-16 and a right auxiliary supporting device 1-17 with tail end mounting bearings, and the left auxiliary supporting device 1-16 and the right auxiliary supporting device 1-17 are respectively constrained in a left rotary, form a revolute pair which can rotate around the axes of the inner weight support sleeves 1-4 within a set angle range. The nested connection structure of the inner supporting tube and the outer supporting tube 1-4 and 1-5 not only realizes that the harvesting platform mounting frame 1 rotates and floats left and right as required by regulating and controlling the rotary oil cylinder, but also does not influence the power transmission between the chassis and the harvesting platform, thereby being very reasonable and ingenious.

The harvesting table mounting frame 1 is respectively hinged with a left hanging lug 3-2 and a right hanging lug 3-3 of the harvesting table frame 3 through a left hanging connecting shaft and a right hanging connecting shaft 1-22 and a right hanging connecting shaft 1-23 which are horizontal at the two sides of the upper part. The harvesting platform frame 3 mainly comprises the following components: the harvester comprises a harvesting table support 3-1, a left hanging lug 3-2, a right hanging lug 3-3, an oil cylinder front support 3-4, a lifting oil cylinder 3-5, a transition chain wheel 3-6, a digging shovel driving vibration shaft 3-7, an eccentric wheel 3-8, a driving vibration chain wheel 3-9, a front cross beam 3-10, a lower cross beam 3-11 and an upper cross beam 3-12, wherein the front end of the upper cross beam is provided with a seedling dividing device 7, a seedling holding device 8, a digging shovel 6 and a depth limiting wheel set 4, the two sides of the upper cross beam are respectively connected with a cylinder body of the lifting oil cylinder 3-5 through the oil cylinder front support 3-4 in a clamping mode, and the extending end of a piston of the lifting oil cylinder 3-5 is hinged to the harvesting table mounting frame 1, so that a structure that the two sides of the harvesting table frame 3 are respectively.

During harvesting operation, the harvesting platform mounting frame 1 can rotate in a set range around the axis of the supporting inner sleeve 1-4 in a vertical plane defined by the left and right auxiliary supporting devices 1-16 and 1-17 by controlling the extension and retraction of the left and right rotary oil cylinders 1-28, so that the left and right profiling operation of the harvesting platform is realized, and the stability is kept. The lifting oil cylinders 3-5 have two working states, namely a buffer state for controlling the stretching and the unloading along with the external force through pressure oil. When harvesting, the harvesting bench 3 can be pushed to rotate around the left and right hanging connecting shafts 1-22 and 1-23 within a set range under control, and the front-end harvesting part can be lifted and lowered as required. Experiments prove that when the chassis inclines forwards and backwards and leftwards and rightwards, the two mechanisms are superposed, the front end operating line of the harvesting table can be controlled to be well attached to the ground, the operations of seedling separation, seedling lifting, soil loosening excavation, clamping and pulling and the like at the front end of each cutting table on the harvesting table are all in ideal positions, the excavation depth is reasonably regulated and controlled, the length of the reserved root hairs is accurately controlled, and the mechanical harvesting quality of the garlic is effectively improved.

In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the digging shovel 6 has a middle part and a rear part hinged with the lower ends of a front hanging rod 6-1 and a vibration driving plate 6-4 through a front fulcrum 6-2 and a rear fulcrum 6-3, respectively, the upper end of the front hanging rod 6-1 with adjustable length through a screw mechanism is hinged with the lower part of the harvesting table frame 3, the upper end of the vibration driving plate 6-4 is hinged with the lower part of the harvesting table frame 3 through a rear hanging pin 6-6, the middle part of the vibration driving plate 6-4 is hinged with the front end of the vibration driving rod 6-7 through a front vibration driving pin 6-5, the rear end of the vibration driving rod 6-7 is in transmission connection with an eccentric wheel 3-8 driven by a transmission mechanism through a rear vibration driving pin 6-8, so that high-frequency vibration digging can be realized, not only soil is loosened to facilitate garlic digging, but also clay on garlic beards, thereby improving the harvest quality. In the figure, 3-10, 3-11 and 3-12 are respectively a front beam, a lower beam and a rear beam of the harvesting bench 3, 2-15 are collecting hoppers and 2-16 are discharge chutes. The front two sides of the digging shovel 6 are respectively provided with a seedling dividing device 7.

The specific structure of the dividing device 7 is as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the frontmost end of the forward extending dividing handle rod 7-3 is a conical dividing tip 7-1 higher than the digger blade 6, the rear part of the dividing tip 7-1 is fixed with a backward extending semi-surrounding dividing conical plate 7-2, the rear lower part of the dividing conical plate 7-2 is fixedly connected with a dividing bottom plate 7-7 forming a front high rear low slip cutting inclined plane, the rear end of the dividing handle rod 7-3 is upwarped and fixedly connected with a dividing mounting plate 7-4 by welding, the dividing mounting plate 7-4 is hinged at the front lower part of the one-way cutting table 5 of the harvesting table frame 3 by a dividing mounting pin 7-5, the dividing mounting plate 7-4 is also provided with a limit screw 7-6 limiting the rotation angle of the dividing handle rod 7-3 around the dividing mounting pin 7-5, the limit screw is arranged in a circular arc-shaped long hole of a front lower mounting ear of the one-way cutting table 5, therefore, the seedling dividing device 7 can swing around the seedling dividing mounting pin 7-5 within the angle range limited by the circular arc long hole of the limiting screw 7-6, and the seedling dividing device has the floating characteristic of lifting along with the ground; a grain lifting device 8 is arranged at the rear upper part of the grain dividing conical plate 7-2. The grain lifting device 8 is composed of a forward extending horizontal shaft disc brush 8-5 driven by a speed reducing motor 8-4 in a motor box 8-3 positioned above the digging shovel, the motor box 8-3 is hinged at a support plate position fixedly connected to the front upper part of the one-way header 5 of the harvesting rack 3 through a horizontal grain lifting mounting pin 8-1 at the rear part, so that the grain lifting device 8 can swing around the grain lifting mounting pin 8-1 and also has a floating characteristic, and a support adjusting screw 8-2 vertically arranged at the rear part of the motor box 8-3 can adjust the lower limit position of the vertical support of the grain lifting device 8, so that the disc brush 8-5 is suitable for various garlic growth conditions. Some garlic combine harvesters in the prior art are also provided with seedling dividing and lifting devices, but the garlic combine harvesters can only float with an integral harvesting table, the actual condition of the garlic harvesting period is disordered lodging, and the lodging garlic seedlings are flexibly stuck on a mulching film; the harvesting platform is heavy in weight, floating on the ground, slow in response and difficult to accurately divide and lift the seedlings, so that residual films are easily picked up by the seedling dividing and lifting device, and the subsequent work cannot be guaranteed to be smooth. The bottom of the front end of the cantilever-shaped seedling dividing device in the embodiment is provided with a sliding cutting inclined plane which is contacted with the ground, and the cantilever-shaped seedling dividing device can float independently, so that the clearance between the front end cone tip and the ground in the working process is stable, the floating reaction is fast, the position is accurate, and a mulching film cannot be lifted; particularly, after the lodging garlic seedlings are inserted at the seedling dividing tip and gradually gathered up through the conical surface of the seedling dividing conical plate, the inner sides of the disk brushes on the two sides rotate in the direction of tangential upward, when the garlic seedlings are brushed and swept by the mulching film, the garlic seedlings are brushed and swept, are in a 'lifted' state and are simultaneously shoveled and dug by the digging shovel and clamped and pulled by the clamping chain, the mulching film still keeps an original ground covering state, the digging and harvesting quality is ensured as a result, the phenomenon of plastic film winding is effectively avoided, and the harvesting smoothness is ensured.

The specific structure of the clamping and conveying device in this embodiment can be found in chinese patent documents 200810242913.9, 201010204891.4, and the like. The conveying rod chain device 2 for collecting garlic bulbs and discharging grass mainly comprises a main rail mounting frame 2-1, a tensioning rail frame 2-2, a conveying rod chain 2-3, a chain wheel transmission device 2-4 and the like as shown in figures 11 to 15, and has the working principle that the garlic bulbs after seedling cutting in the front section process are collected, part of crushed soil carried by the garlic bulbs is conveyed and removed through the horizontally arranged rod chain, the crushed soil is collected to the left end and then is lifted and conveyed to the top through the vertically arranged rod chain to fall into a discharge chute 2-16 for discharging and entering subsequent treatment, and meanwhile, seedling grass generated by seedling cutting in the previous work falls into the upper part of the horizontal section of the conveying rod chain and is collected and conveyed to the right side of the device through a grass-pulling baffle 2-34 arranged outside the rod chain and discharged. The main rail mounting frame 2-1 is a main body support and adopts a metal plate welding structure, the middle section and the right section are horizontal rails, and the part higher than the left end is a vertical rail; the tensioning track frame 2-2 is arranged at the right end of the main track mounting frame 2-1, and the length of the running track of the whole conveying chain can be changed through adjusting the horizontal mounting position so as to realize the chain tensioning function; the conveying rod chain 2-3 is arranged in an L-shaped loop closed track formed by the main track mounting frame 2-1 and the tensioning track frame 2-2, and the vertical section of the L-shaped loop is positioned on the outer side of the multi-path cutting table 5; the chain wheel transmission device 2-4 is arranged at the turning position of the vertical rail and the horizontal rail at the upper part of the main rail mounting frame 2-1 through a pair of bearings 2-44 with seats, the front driving chain wheel 2-42 and the rear driving chain wheel 2-43 respectively correspond to the front rail and the rear rail, and the rear ends of the driving chain wheels are provided with the transmission chain wheels.

The main track mounting rack 2-1 is formed by welding a front side plate 2-11 and a rear side plate 2-12 of the mounting rack through a group of middle connecting pipes 2-13, a right support plate 2-14 is welded at the right end and used for mounting the tensioning track rack 2-2, the front side plate 2-11 of the mounting rack is of a flat plate structure, the periphery of the mounting rack is a running track of a conveying rod chain 2-3, a wide long hole is formed in the middle of the mounting rack, the front side of the mounting rack is welded with a collecting hopper 2-15 which is connected below the output end of the multi-path header 5, and garlic heads which have cut seedlings are collected by the collecting hopper 2-15 and then enter a conveying chain channel through; the rear side plate 2-12 of the mounting frame is of a flat plate structure, the periphery of the mounting frame is an operation track of the conveying rod chain 2-3, and the rear side of the mounting frame is welded with a group of rear mounting plates 2-17 for mounting the whole grass discharging conveying rod chain device 2; the higher part of the left end of the rear side plate 2-12 of the mounting rack is provided with a vertical long hole, and the discharge chute 2-16 passes through the vertical long hole and extends backwards; the upper part of the discharge chute 2-16 is connected with the lower part of the top of the return ring, and the fallen garlic is guided to the lifting soil-clearing conveying device 10; an upper mounting lug 2-18 is arranged above the left upper discharge chute 2-16 of the rear side plate 2-12 of the mounting frame and is used for reinforcing the installation of the whole grass discharging conveying rod chain device 2 so that the work of the grass discharging conveying rod chain device can be kept stable.

The tensioning track frame 2-2 is a structural form formed by welding a front semicircular track plate and a rear semicircular track plate through a middle connecting pipe, is arranged on a right support plate 2-14 of the main track mounting frame 2-1, a semicircular outline track of the tensioning track frame and a track of the main track mounting frame 2-1 form an annular closed track together, and the tensioning of the conveying rod chain 2-3 can be realized by adjusting a mounting horizontal gap between the semicircular outline track and the track.

The conveying rod chain 2-3 is composed of two roller conveying chains 2-31 of a parallel loop hollow shaft structure, rods 2-32, garlic poking baffles 2-33, grass poking baffles 2-34 and bolts 2-35, two ends of each rod 2-32 are respectively arranged in the hollow shaft of the roller conveying chain 2-31, one rod 2-32 is arranged at intervals of 38mm, two pairs of rods 2-32 are arranged at intervals of 5, the interval distance between the adjacent pairs of rods is smaller than that of garlic heads, the garlic poking baffles 2-33 and the grass poking baffles 2-34 which are respectively positioned in the loop and outside the loop are arranged on the double rods 2-32 through the bolts 2-35, namely the garlic poking baffles 2-33 are arranged inside, the grass poking baffles 2-34 are arranged outside, the sections of the garlic poking baffles 2-32 are composed of poking plates which extend inwards and are provided with baffle plates with two inclined side plates, the grass poking baffle plates 2-34 are in the shape of channel steel with two side walls extending outwards. The integral conveying rod chain 2-3 is arranged on a track formed by the main track mounting frame 2-1 and the tensioning track frame 2-2,

the chain wheel transmission device 2-4 comprises a transmission shaft 2-41, a pair of conveying chain wheels 2-42, a transmission chain wheel 2-43 and a pair of belt seat bearings 2-44; the whole body is arranged at the intersection of the horizontal rail and the vertical rail above the main rail mounting frame 2-1 through a bearing with a seat 2-44 to provide power for the conveying rod chain 2-3.

As shown in figure 16, the garlic bulb lifting, soil-clearing and conveying device 10 comprises a main body support 10-1, a baffle rod type chain 10-2, a tensioning sprocket 10-3, a driving sprocket 10-4, an outlet shield 10-5, a discharging device 10-6 and a feeding hopper 10-8. The left side and the right side of a main body support 10-1 are provided with chain track grooves, the middle of the main body support is connected with a front mounting shaft 10-9 and a rear mounting shaft 10-10 in a welding mode, and the right ends of the front mounting shaft 10-9 and the rear mounting shaft 10-10 are provided with extending shaft heads which respectively penetrate into sleeve holes of front and rear upright posts of a platform support of a chassis 9 and are fixedly mounted so as to support the whole lifting clear soil conveying device 10. The baffle rod type chain 10-2 consists of two hollow pin shaft chains, rod pins and baffles, wherein two ends of the rod pins penetrate through the chain pin holes and are riveted, the interval between every two rod pins is about 3.5cm so as to ensure that normal garlic can not pass through, one baffle is arranged at intervals of 5, and the baffles are arranged on two adjacent rod pins; the whole barrier rod type chain 10-2 is installed on a closed track formed by the tension chain wheel 10-3, the driving chain wheel 10-4 and the support rail. The tensioning chain wheel 10-3 is arranged at the front lower end of the main body bracket 10-1 and can move back and forth through an adjusting screw rod so as to realize the installation and tensioning of the baffle rod type chain 10-2; the driving sprocket 10-4 is installed at the rear high end of the main body frame 10-1 for driving the barrier rod type chain 10-2 to operate. The feed hopper 10-8 is arranged at the front lower end of the main body bracket 10-1, and the feed inlet is upward and used for receiving materials discharged from the discharge groove 2-16 of the conveying rod chain device 2. The outlet shield 10-5 is arranged at the rear high end of the main body support 10-1 to form a discharging device 10-6. The discharging device 10-6 is internally provided with a discharging turning plate 10-7, and the garlic can flow to the fruit collecting bin or directly discharge and bag by switching an outlet through adjusting the oblique or vertical two different working positions of the discharging turning plate 10-7.

The garlic combine conveyor chain device 2 in the embodiment adopts a transverse double-sided baffle rod type conveyor chain to convey garlic bulbs, the garlic bulbs are collected to the left side, the narrow baffles are arranged outside the chain rings, the upper horizontal part is used for conveying garlic seedlings and is collected to the right side, and therefore two-way conveying of one conveyor chain is achieved. Experiments prove that the problem of gathering and grass discharging of garlic bulbs during multi-row harvesting can be properly solved, the structure is compact, and good conditions are created for realizing efficient and high-quality multi-row full-width mechanical harvesting of garlic.

Claims (10)

1. A garlic combine harvester comprises a crawler-type walking chassis (9), wherein a harvesting table frame (3) is installed at the front part of the walking chassis (9) through a harvesting table installation frame (1), a single-way cutting table (5) supported on depth limiting wheel sets on two sides is installed at the front end of the harvesting table frame (3), a clamping and conveying device is installed on the cutting table (5) along the conveying direction from low to high, a forward-extending digging shovel (6) is installed below the cutting table (5), and a grain dividing device (7) and a grain lifting device (8) are installed at the front end of the cutting table; the method is characterized in that: the harvesting table mounting rack (1) is supported at the front end of a walking chassis (9) through rotary oil cylinders (1-28) on two sides, a front-back extension supporting inner sleeve (1-4) connected with a power output end at the front end of the chassis (9) is arranged at the lower part of the rear side of the harvesting table mounting rack (1), and a left auxiliary supporting device (1-16) and a right auxiliary supporting device (1-17) which form a rotating pair around the axis of the supporting inner sleeve (1-4) with a left rotating rail (9-5) and a right rotating rail (9-6) at the front end of the chassis (9) are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle part of the rear side of the harvesting table mounting rack (1); the harvesting table (3) is provided with a seedling dividing device (7), a seedling lifting device (8), a digging shovel (6) and a depth limiting wheel set at the hinged front end of the upper part of the harvesting table mounting frame (1) through horizontal hanging connecting shafts (1-22 and 1-23) at two sides, and two sides of the harvesting table () 3 are respectively supported on the harvesting table mounting frame (1) through lifting oil cylinders (3-5).

2. A garlic combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seedling dividing device comprises a seedling dividing tip which is positioned at the foremost end of the forward extending seedling dividing handle rod and is higher than the digging shovel, and a semi-surrounding seedling dividing conical plate which is expanded backwards is fixed at the rear part of the seedling dividing tip; the rear upper part of the seedling dividing conical plate is provided with a seedling lifting device, the seedling lifting device is composed of a forward extending horizontal shaft disc brush driven by a motor positioned above the digging shovel, and the inner sides of the disc brushes on the two sides of the digging shovel rotate in the tangential upward direction.

3. A garlic combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the middle part and the rear part of a shovel handle of the digging shovel are respectively hinged with the lower ends of a front hanging rod and a vibration driving plate through a front fulcrum shaft and a rear fulcrum shaft, the upper ends of the front hanging rod and the vibration driving plate are respectively hinged with the lower part of the cutting table, the middle part of the vibration driving plate is hinged with the front end of the vibration driving rod, and the rear end of the vibration driving rod is in transmission connection with an eccentric vibration driving wheel driven by a power source; the depth wheel is arranged at the lower end of the depth wheel frame which is declined backwards and is positioned behind a shovel handle of the vibrating digging shovel; the upper end of the depth limiting wheel frame is hinged to the front lower portion of the harvesting rack, the lower end of a guide rod is hinged to the middle of the depth limiting wheel frame, the upper end of the guide rod penetrates through a guide hole of an upper hinge pin arranged on an inclined support pipe of the harvesting rack to form a moving pair, and a depth limiting pressure spring enabling the depth limiting wheel to tend to press forwards and downwards is arranged on the guide rod.

4. A garlic combine harvester according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the harvesting table mounting frame is fixedly connected with the front end of the chassis through a shell of the front gear box, the lower portion of the front gear box is fixedly connected with a horizontal thrust inner sleeve, the thrust inner sleeve and the thrust outer sleeve form a revolute pair, one end, far away from the front gear box, of the thrust outer sleeve is fixedly connected with the intermediate gear box, and the thrust outer sleeve is internally supported by a transmission shaft which transmits power to the intermediate gear box from the front gear box.

5. A garlic combine harvester according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the rear lower part of the seedling dividing conical plate is fixedly connected with a seedling dividing bottom plate which forms a sliding cutting inclined plane with a high front part and a low rear part.

6. A garlic combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: the front hanging rod is composed of a screw rod mechanism with adjustable length.

7. A garlic combine harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: a conveying rod chain device is arranged on the walking chassis and comprises a main rail mounting frame which enables a power-driven conveying rod chain to form an L-shaped loop, a collecting hopper which is connected below the output end of the multi-path header is arranged on one side, close to the multi-path header, of the lower portion of the horizontal section of the L-shaped loop, and a mounting frame rear side plate is arranged on one side, far away from the multi-path header, of the lower portion of the horizontal section of the L-shaped loop; the main body of the conveying rod chain is two roller conveying chains which are parallel to each other and return to the ring, paired rods which are distributed at intervals are arranged between the two roller conveying chains, the interval distance between every two adjacent paired rods is smaller than that of garlic heads, and a garlic poking baffle and a grass poking baffle which are respectively positioned in the return ring and outside the return ring are fixed on the rods; the section of the garlic poking baffle is formed by a poking plate which extends inwards and is provided with baffle side plates with two inclined sides, and the grass poking baffle is in a channel steel shape with two side walls extending outwards; the vertical section of the L-shaped return ring is positioned at the outer side of the multi-channel header, and a discharge chute which leads the fallen garlic heads to the lifting clear soil conveying device is connected below the return ring at the top of the L-shaped return ring.

8. A garlic combine harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: the lifting clear soil conveying device comprises baffle rod type chains with baffles distributed at intervals, the baffle rod type chains are wound around a tension chain wheel and a driving chain wheel which are respectively supported at the lower end and the high end of a main body support, the lower end is provided with a feed hopper, the high end is provided with a falling discharging device consisting of an outlet shield, and the discharging device is provided with a discharging turnover plate for switching a fruit collecting bin and a bagging outlet.

9. A garlic combine harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: the middle part and the rear part of the digging shovel are respectively hinged with the lower ends of the front hanging rod and the vibration driving plate through the front fulcrum shaft and the rear fulcrum shaft, the upper end of the front hanging rod is hinged with the lower part, the upper end of the vibration driving plate is hinged with the lower part through the rear hanging pin, the middle part of the vibration driving plate is hinged with the front end of the vibration driving rod through the front driving vibration pin, and the rear end of the vibration driving rod is in transmission connection with an eccentric wheel driven by a power source through a transmission mechanism through the rear driving vibration pin.

10. A garlic combine harvester according to claim 9, characterized in that: the front hanging rod is composed of a screw rod mechanism with adjustable length.

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