CN110675978A - 一种微波低损耗稳相电缆 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明揭示了一种微波低损耗稳相电缆，电缆中心是一根由多根高性能镀银软铜线绞合为内导体；在内导体外部挤包发泡绝缘层，所述发泡绝缘层为改良的FEP氟材料高度发泡而成；在发泡绝缘层外绕包聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜为绕包绝缘层，所述绕包绝缘层为重叠的多层绕包经高低温定型处理；在绕包绝缘层外采用随机节距重叠绕包一层镀银软扁铜带作为屏蔽层，所述随机节距为绕包节距在一定范围内进行周期性波动的节距；在屏蔽层外编织一层镀银软圆铜线形成紧固层；在紧固层外挤包一层改良聚全氟乙丙烯材料为护套层，形成最终产品。本发明形成主要用于通讯、跟踪、警戒、电子对抗、导航等系统中高频信号传输。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及波低损耗稳相电缆领域。
背景技术
随着我国通讯、跟踪、警戒、电子对抗、导航等领域飞速发展，微波低损耗稳相电缆的应用越来越广泛，性能要求越来越高，波低损耗稳相电缆是一种使用在通讯、跟踪、警戒、电子对抗、导航等系统中高频信号传输电缆。目前这类高端产品一直依赖进口，近几年国内也有仿制的，其绝缘全部采用一种聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜带绕包，但基于国内材料和设备及工艺条件限制，如绕包张力不稳定性、绕包带微孔的不均匀性、高低温大收缩性等因素难已解决，产品性能始终突破不了国外产品性能(衰减、驻波比、稳相、稳幅)，且性能稳定性差，在经历高低温后性能指标漂移大，甚至不合格，影响装备使用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是实现一种方便制造生产，并且工作稳定可靠，具有耐高低温性能的微波低损耗稳相电缆。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种微波低损耗稳相电缆，电缆由内至外依次具有内导体、挤包发泡绝缘层、绕包绝缘层、屏蔽层、紧固层和护套层。
所述内导体由多根镀银软铜线绞合而成。
所述镀银软铜线的镀银层厚度大于2μm，且内导体不含有导磁材料成分。
所述挤包发泡绝缘层由FEP氟材料发泡而成。
所述绕包绝缘层由聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜外绕包于挤包发泡绝缘层外构成。
所述屏蔽层由镀银软扁铜带随机节距重叠绕包一层构成。
所述紧固层由镀银软圆铜线外编织一层构成。
所述护套层的材质为聚全氟乙丙烯材料。
本发明与已有技术相比，还具有如下优点：
1、本发明一种新型微波低损耗稳相电缆。内导体是一根由多根高性能镀银软铜线绞合，镀银层厚度大于2μm，且内导体不允许含有镍、铁等其它导磁材料成分。
2、本发明绝缘层采用二种绝缘材料复合结构，内绝缘为FEP材料挤包发泡绝缘，外绝缘为微孔ETFE材料薄膜带绕包绝缘，二种材料各占一半绝缘厚度。内层挤包发泡绝缘具有极低且稳定介电常数，从而降低驻波比、降低衰减，达到相位稳定性和幅度稳定性，性能比薄膜带绕包更加优异，但其较小的弯曲半径会使材料介电常数发生变化，影响产品性能稳定性，因此减小发泡绝缘外径，从而相对增大弯曲半径，提高性能的稳定性。外层绕包绝缘是对内层挤包发泡绝缘外径的补充，相对于挤包绝缘，由于存在带子绕包张力、带子微孔不均匀等不确定因素，性能比不上挤包发泡绝缘好且稳定性差，但绕包结构带子可以位移，弯曲性能好且对性能影响不大，达到优势互补。
3、本发明屏蔽层采用镀银软扁铜带重叠绕包，绕包采用随机节距，使绕包节距在一定范围内进行周期性波动，降低反射信号叠加，降低驻波比，提高电缆传输性能。
4、本发明屏蔽层外设置紧固层，采用了密度95％以上的镀银紧固编织，使产品的整体结构有了更好的稳定性和柔软性，并增加了电缆的轴向抗拉特性。
5、本发明护套挤包改良聚全氟乙丙烯材料，该材料具有耐高低温、高阻燃、耐老化、耐腐蚀等特性，能够适应苛刻的外部环境要求。
附图说明
下面对本发明说明书中每幅附图表达的内容及图中的标记作简要说明：
图1为微波低损耗稳相电缆结构示意图；
上述图中的标记均为：1、内导体；2、挤包发泡绝缘层；3、绕包绝缘层；4、屏蔽层；5、紧固层；6、护套层。
具体实施方式
下面对照附图，通过对实施例的描述，本发明的具体实施方式如所涉及的各构件的形状、构造、各部分之间的相互位置及连接关系、各部分的作用及工作原理、制造工艺及操作使用方法等，作进一步详细的说明，以帮助本领域技术人员对本发明的发明构思、技术方案有更完整、准确和深入的理解。
微波低损耗稳相电缆是一种绝缘材料的复合应用，通过趋利弊害，实现二种绝缘材料结构和工艺的优势互补，构建一个性能(衰减、驻波比、稳相、稳幅)提高且稳定、耐高低温的新型微波低损耗稳相电缆。
如图1所示，电缆由内至外依次具有内导体1、挤包发泡绝缘层2、绕包绝缘层3、屏蔽层4、紧固层5和护套层6。
内导体1由多根高性能镀银软铜线绞合而成，镀银层厚度大于2μm，且内导体1不允许含有镍、铁等其它导磁材料成分。
在内导体1外部挤包发泡绝缘层2，发泡绝缘层为改良的FEP氟材料高度发泡而成，构建FEP高发泡绝缘层，具有极低且稳定介电常数，从而降低驻波比、降低衰减，达到相位稳定性和幅度稳定性。
在发泡绝缘层外绕包聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜为绕包绝缘层3，绕包绝缘层3为重叠的多层绕包经高低温定型处理，构建微孔带绕包绝缘，具有极低的介电常数和弯曲的柔软性，在全频率范围内，源于老化和反复弯曲而导导致的驻波和衰减变化被显著降低。
在绕包绝缘层3外采用随机节距重叠绕包一层镀银软扁铜带作为屏蔽层4，所述随机节距为绕包节距在一定范围内进行周期性波动的节距；这样处理可以使屏蔽覆盖率达100％，电缆更加柔软，随机节距降低反射叠加降低驻波比，并且具有很好的弯曲相位稳定性。
在屏蔽层4外编织一层镀银软圆铜线形成紧固层5，采用了密度95％以上的镀银紧固编织，使产品的整体结构有了更好的稳定性和柔软性，并增加了电缆的轴向抗拉特性。
在紧固层5外挤包一层聚全氟乙丙烯材料为护套层6，形成最终产品，聚全氟乙丙烯材料具有耐高低温、高阻燃、耐老化、耐腐蚀等特性，能够适应苛刻的外部环境要求。
上面结合附图对本发明进行了示例性描述，显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制，只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进，或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种微波低损耗稳相电缆，其特征在于：电缆由内至外依次具有内导体、挤包发泡绝缘层、绕包绝缘层、屏蔽层、紧固层和护套层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的微波低损耗稳相电缆，其特征在于：所述内导体由多根镀银软铜线绞合而成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的微波低损耗稳相电缆，其特征在于：所述镀银软铜线的镀银层厚度大于2μm，且内导体不含有导磁材料成分。
4.根据权利要求1所述的微波低损耗稳相电缆，其特征在于：所述挤包发泡绝缘层由FEP氟材料发泡而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的微波低损耗稳相电缆，其特征在于：所述绕包绝缘层由聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜外绕包于挤包发泡绝缘层外构成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的微波低损耗稳相电缆，其特征在于：所述屏蔽层由镀银软扁铜带随机节距重叠绕包一层构成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的微波低损耗稳相电缆，其特征在于：所述紧固层由镀银软圆铜线外编织一层构成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的微波低损耗稳相电缆，其特征在于：所述护套层的材质为聚全氟乙丙烯材料。
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| CN111899947A (zh) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-06 | 王社兵 | 一种低损耗稳相电缆 |
| CN113571247A (zh) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-29 | 淮南文峰航天电缆有限公司 | 低损稳相电缆 |
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| CN202189615U (zh) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-04-11 | 安徽宏源特种电缆集团有限公司 | 一种微波低损耗电缆 |
| CN105632599A (zh) * | 2014-11-04 | 2016-06-01 | 富士康(昆山)电脑接插件有限公司 | 线缆 |
| US20190304633A1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Shielded cable |
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| CN111899947A (zh) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-06 | 王社兵 | 一种低损耗稳相电缆 |
| CN113571247A (zh) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-29 | 淮南文峰航天电缆有限公司 | 低损稳相电缆 |
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