CN110663294A - Screw transmission unit, parameter adjusting method and advancing method of soil straw mixing stirrer - Google Patents
Screw transmission unit, parameter adjusting method and advancing method of soil straw mixing stirrer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110663294A CN110663294A CN201910949521.4A CN201910949521A CN110663294A CN 110663294 A CN110663294 A CN 110663294A CN 201910949521 A CN201910949521 A CN 201910949521A CN 110663294 A CN110663294 A CN 110663294A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
- A01B33/021—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel with rigid tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
- A01B33/10—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action
- A01B33/103—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action the rotating shaft being oriented horizontally
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
- A01B33/12—Arrangement of the tools; Screening of the tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a screw transmission unit, a parameter adjusting method and a moving method of a soil straw mixing stirrer, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery and fertilizer returning; the number of the long holes on each spiral blade in the spiral transmission unit is N, and the included angle between the corresponding long holes is alpha; the parameter adjusting method comprises the steps of firstly estimating the maximum transmission speed of the mixed soil in a spiral transmission unit, then calculating the transmission speed of the mixed soil, the time required for the mixed soil to pass through two adjacent spiral blades, then calculating the rotation speed of the spiral transmission unit, determining an intermediate parameter value through testing, and finally determining the rotation speed of the spiral transmission unit and the pause time of the soil straw mixing stirrer; the advancing method is intermittent advancing; according to the invention, the hole site distribution of the spiral transmission unit is further improved, the parameter adjusting method of the straw mixing stirrer is provided according to the hole site distribution, and the spiral transmission unit, the parameter adjusting method and the advancing method are integrated by matching with an intermittent advancing method, so that the straw pushing efficiency is improved together.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a screw transmission unit, a parameter adjusting method and a traveling method of a soil straw mixing stirrer, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and fertilizer returning.
Background
The straw returning field has the functions of increasing fertilizer and increasing yield. The straw returning technology of deep-spinning and mixing the straws into the soil is called straw fertilizing and returning technology. In the straw fertilizing and returning technology, the problem of excessive local straws can occur from the ground surface to the soil layer of 13-15cm underground, which can affect the quality of sowing operation, for example: winding the seeder and influencing the growth of seeds.
In view of the above problems, the inventor of Bishihui, Chenghai et al filed an invention patent named "a soil straw mixing and stirring machine, a screw transmission unit and a mixing and stirring method" in 2019, 08 and 09, with an application number of 2019107344493, hereinafter referred to as a first generation application.
In the first generation application, through designing a mode of burying straw in the slot of promotion, and designed a soil straw mixer to this mode of burying, improve the structure of spiral transmission unit simultaneously, design evenly distributed has the slot hole on the spiral blade, not only effectively solve the earth's surface and can appear local too much straw problem to the soil horizon of 13-15cm underground, improve seeding operation quality, and realized carrying out the effect of separating soil and straw, still have the effect that straw soil secondary mixes simultaneously and mixes, avoid the straw to expose the emergence of the unable still field problem in the earth's surface, play the effect that improves still field efficiency.
In this patent, the core element is the helical blade that separates the straw from the soil and propels it into the furrow, and in practicing this application, one must consider what is the speed of movement of the soil straw mixer? What is the rotational speed of the screw transmission unit? No explicit answer is given in this application. The selection of these parameters is related to the problem of the efficiency of the mixing and even to the problem of whether the machine is burned or not. Although the skilled person can make the soil stalk mixing and stirring machine function by selecting a small moving speed and rotating speed, if the optimum parameters are selected, it is necessary to push the parameters to the limit, and in this case, the test becomes a destructive burn machine test with high cost, which is not preferable. Therefore, if the reasonable parameters of the soil straw mixing stirrer applied for the first generation are given by a logic analysis method, the key technical problem of improving the mixing efficiency of the soil straw mixing stirrer is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical requirements, the inventor of the first generation application develops the cooperation of the school enterprises with the university of eight agricultural reclamation in Heilongjiang, carries out technical innovation on the first generation application, and discloses a parameter adjusting method and an advancing method of a spiral transmission unit and a soil straw mixing stirrer.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a spiral transmission unit, includes second pivot and two symmetric distribution at the epaxial helical blade of second pivot, and two helical blade's spiral opposite direction, still evenly distributed has the slot hole on the helical blade, and the slot hole quantity on every helical blade is N, and the contained angle that corresponds between the slot hole is alpha.
The spiral transmission unit is used for a soil straw mixing stirrer, and the soil straw mixing stirrer is sequentially provided with a deep-rotation mixing and stirring soil crushing unit and a spiral transmission unit from front to back; the deep-rotation mixing and stirring soil crushing unit comprises a first rotating shaft and deep-rotation cutting shovels uniformly distributed on the first rotating shaft; the working principle is as follows: in the advancing process of the soil straw mixing and stirring machine, a deep rotary knife shovel in a deep rotary mixing and stirring soil crushing unit ploughs and crushes soil, and simultaneously mixes and stirs the straw covered on the surface of the soil with the soil; the spiral transmission unit transmits the soil mixed with the straws to the middle part of the spiral transmission unit by means of the spiral blades and transmits the soil to the opened groove; meanwhile, partial straws can be thrown to the deep-spinning mixing soil-breaking unit by the helical blades, so that secondary mixing of the partial straws and soil is realized; because the spiral blades are uniformly provided with the long holes, most of soil can penetrate through the long holes and stay in the original position, the displacement along the direction of the second rotating shaft is avoided, a small part of soil can be conveyed into the opened groove along with the straws, the soil and the straws are kept to be mixed, and the straws are effectively prevented from being blown away by wind.
A parameter adjusting method of a soil straw mixing stirrer comprises the following steps:
step a, estimating the maximum transmission speed V of the mixed soil in a spiral transmission unit according to the soil quality and the straw content;
b, calculating the transmission speed of the mixed soil according to the axial projection radius r of the helical blade
Step c, calculating the time t needed by the mixed soil from one helical blade to the other helical blade of the two adjacent helical blades according to the distance d between the two adjacent helical blades
D, calculating the rotating speed omega of the spiral transmission unit according to the number N of the long holes in the spiral blade and the included angle alpha of the corresponding long holes
Wherein n is a natural number;
step e, starting the test with n being 0,1,2, … until the conveying speed of the mixed soil in the spiral conveying unit is closest to and does not exceed V; recording the value of n at this time as n ', and recording the value of V at this time as V';
step f, determining the rotation speed omega 'of the spiral transmission unit according to n'
Step g, calculating the pause time t of the soil straw mixing stirrer according to the length D in the spiral transmission units
And h, calculating the step distance of the soil straw mixing stirrer to be 2r according to the axial projection radius r of the helical blade.
A method for moving a soil straw mixing stirrer, which is an intermittent moving method.
According to the advancing method of the soil straw mixing stirrer, the intermittent advancing comprises stopping and advancing;
dwell time tsComprises the following steps:
d is the length of the spiral transmission unit, r is the axial projection radius of the spiral blade, and V is the estimated maximum transmission speed of the mixed soil in the spiral transmission unit;
the stepping distance is 2r, and the time is arbitrary.
Has the advantages that:
although the three subjects are protected, under the combined action of the number of the spiral transmission unit holes, the corresponding included angles, the parameter adjusting method of the soil and straw mixing stirrer and the advancing method of the soil and straw mixing stirrer, the transverse non-shielding movement of the straws can be realized, so that the pushing speed of the straws is increased to the maximum extent, and the mixing efficiency is improved.
Secondly, in the parameter adjusting method of the soil straw mixing stirrer, the maximum transmission speed V of the mixed soil in the spiral transmission unit is estimated, and meanwhile, the transmission speed of the mixed soil in the spiral transmission unit is limited to be closest to and not more than V.
Thirdly, in the parameter adjusting method of the soil and straw mixing stirrer, the transverse non-shielding movement of the straws is realized by finally determining the rotating speed of the spiral transmission unit, the pause time of the soil and straw mixing stirrer and the stepping distance of the soil and straw mixing stirrer, and meanwhile, the straws are longitudinally transmitted without losing and leaking.
Fourthly, in the application, an intermittent advancing mode is innovatively used, and although part of time is sacrificed in the running direction (the pause time can be compensated by fast stepping), a large amount of time is saved in the straw conveying process, so that the mixing efficiency is improved.
Fifth, since the present application is a soil straw mixing and stirring machine of the first generation application, the following technical advantages are provided as in the first generation application: 1. the straw in the layer soil is reduced to the extent that the seeding operation quality is not influenced, so that the emergence rate is ensured; 2. the technical effect that the straws are pushed to the groove to be buried is achieved; 3. the effect of separating the soil and the straws is realized, further, most of the soil can penetrate through the long hole and stay in the original position without displacement along the direction of the second rotating shaft, and a small part of the soil can be conveyed into the opened groove along with the straws, so that the soil and the straws are kept to be mixed, and the straws are effectively prevented from being blown away by wind; 4. the technical purpose that partial straws can be thrown to the deep-spinning mixing soil-breaking unit by the helical blades is achieved, the secondary mixing of the partial straws and soil is achieved, the situation that the straws are exposed on the ground surface and cannot be returned to the field is avoided, and the effect of improving the field returning efficiency is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a spiral conveying unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the helical blade after deployment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the angle between the corresponding long holes of two adjacent helical blades being alpha.
FIG. 4 is a drawing of a soil straw mixer.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a deep-spinning mixing and soil-crushing unit.
FIG. 6 is a top view of the working effect of the soil straw mixing blender.
FIG. 7 is a side view illustrating the operation of the soil straw mixing blender.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-deep-rotation mixing and soil crushing unit, a 1-1 first rotating shaft, a 1-2 deep-rotation cutting shovel, a 2-spiral transmission unit, a 2-1 second rotating shaft and a 2-2 spiral blade.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
The following are specific embodiments of the spiral conveying unit.
The spiral transmission unit of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes a second rotating shaft 2-1 and two spiral blades 2-2 symmetrically distributed on the second rotating shaft 2-1, the spiral directions of the two spiral blades 2-2 are opposite, long holes are further uniformly distributed on the spiral blade 2-2, the schematic diagram after the spiral blades are unfolded is shown in fig. 2, the number of the long holes on each spiral blade 2-2 is N, in fig. 2, N is 8, the included angle between the corresponding long holes is α, and the schematic diagram of the included angle between the corresponding long holes between two adjacent spiral blades 2-2 is shown in fig. 3.
It should be noted that, in fig. 3, α ≠ 0, however, in the practical application process, it is suggested to set α to 0, which is a place different from the first generation application, in fig. 4 in the first generation application, it can be seen that although the included angle α ≠ 0 between the corresponding long holes between the two adjacent helical blades 2-2, since the number of the long holes in the whole circumference is not an integer multiple, α is not a fixed value between the different corresponding blades 2-2, such a structure applied to the application would cause inconsistency of the transmission characteristics of the straw and the soil passing through the long holes in the whole helical transmission unit, that is, the straw leaks out from the long holes or the soil is pushed into the grooves, thereby reducing the mixing effect; in the application, the number of the long holes in each spiral blade 2-2 is limited to be N, namely the number of the long holes in one period after the spiral blades 2-2 are unfolded is an integer, so that the transmission characteristics of the straws and soil penetrating through the long holes in the whole spiral transmission unit can be ensured to be the same, and the mixing effect is improved; meanwhile, the number of the long holes in one period after the alpha is set to be 0 and the helical blades 2-2 are unfolded is an integer, so that the processing is more convenient, the processing time is favorably shortened, and the processing cost is reduced. Detailed description of the invention
The following are specific embodiments of the spiral conveying unit.
The screw conveying unit of the present embodiment is further limited to be used in the soil straw mixing and stirring machine as shown in fig. 4, on the basis of the first embodiment, the soil straw mixing and stirring machine is provided with the deep-spinning soil mixing and stirring unit 1 as shown in fig. 5 and the screw conveying unit 2 as described in the first embodiment in sequence from front to back; the deep-rotation mixing and stirring soil crushing unit 1 comprises a first rotating shaft 1-1 and deep-rotation cutting shovels 1-2 uniformly distributed on the first rotating shaft 1-1; the working principle is as follows: in the advancing process of the soil straw mixing and stirring machine, a deep rotary knife shovel 1-2 in the deep rotary mixing and stirring soil crushing unit 1 ploughs and crushes soil, and simultaneously mixes and stirs the straw covered on the surface of the soil and the soil; the spiral transmission unit 2 transmits the soil mixed with the straws to the middle part of the spiral transmission unit 2 by means of the spiral blades 2-2 and transmits the soil to the opened groove; meanwhile, partial straws can be thrown to the deep-spinning mixing soil-breaking unit 1 by the helical blades 2-2, so that secondary mixing of the partial straws and soil is realized; as the long holes are uniformly distributed on the helical blades 2-2, most of soil can penetrate through the long holes and stay in the original position, displacement along the direction of the second rotating shaft 2-1 is avoided, a small part of soil can be conveyed into the opened groove along with the straws, the soil and the straws are kept to be mixed, and the straws are effectively prevented from being blown away by wind. The working effect of the soil straw mixing and stirring machine is shown in the top view and the side view in fig. 6 and 7 respectively.
Detailed description of the invention
The concrete implementation mode of the parameter adjusting method of the soil straw mixing stirrer is as follows.
The parameter adjusting method of the soil straw mixing stirrer in the embodiment is suitable for the soil straw mixing stirrer described in the second specific embodiment, and the parameter adjusting method refers to a parameter adjusting method and comprises the following steps:
step a, estimating the maximum transmission speed V of the mixed soil in the spiral transmission unit 2 according to the soil quality and the straw content;
b, calculating the transmission speed of the mixed soil according to the axial projection radius r of the helical blade 2-2
Step c, calculating the time t required by the mixed soil from one helical blade 2-2 to the other helical blade 2-2 in the two adjacent helical blades 2-2 according to the distance d between the two adjacent helical blades 2-2
D, calculating the rotating speed omega of the spiral transmission unit 2 according to the number N of the long holes in the spiral blades 2-2 and the included angle alpha of the corresponding long holes
Wherein n is a natural number;
step e, starting the test with n being 0,1,2, … until the conveying speed of the mixed soil in the spiral conveying unit 2 is closest to and does not exceed V; recording the value of n at this time as n ', and recording the value of V at this time as V';
step f, determining the rotation speed omega 'of the spiral transmission unit 2 according to n'
Step g, calculating the pause time t of the soil straw mixing stirrer according to the length D in the spiral transmission unit 2s
And h, calculating the step distance of the soil and straw mixing stirrer to be 2r according to the axial projection radius r of the helical blades 2-2.
Detailed description of the invention
The following is a concrete embodiment of the advancing method of the soil straw mixing stirrer.
The advancing method of the soil straw mixing agitator of the embodiment is suitable for the soil straw mixing agitator described in the second embodiment, and the advancing method is an intermittent advancing method.
Detailed description of the invention
The following is a concrete embodiment of the advancing method of the soil straw mixing stirrer.
On the basis of the fourth specific embodiment, the advancing method of the soil straw mixing and stirring machine further limits the intermittent advancing to comprise stopping and advancing;
dwell time tsComprises the following steps:
wherein D is the length of the spiral transmission unit 2, r is the axial projection radius of the spiral blade 2-2, and V is the estimated maximum transmission speed of the soil mixed in the spiral transmission unit 2;
the stepping distance is 2r, and the time is arbitrary.
Claims (5)
1. A spiral transmission unit comprises a second rotating shaft (2-1) and two spiral blades (2-2) symmetrically distributed on the second rotating shaft (2-1), the spiral directions of the two spiral blades (2-2) are opposite, and long holes are uniformly distributed on the spiral blades (2-2), and the spiral transmission unit is characterized in that the number of the long holes on each spiral blade (2-2) is N, and the included angle between the corresponding long holes is alpha.
2. The screw conveying unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the screw conveying unit is used for a soil straw mixing and stirring machine, and the soil straw mixing and stirring machine is provided with a deep-spinning soil mixing and stirring unit (1) and a screw conveying unit (2) in sequence from front to back; the deep-rotation mixing and stirring soil crushing unit (1) comprises a first rotating shaft (1-1) and deep-rotation cutting shovels (1-2) uniformly distributed on the first rotating shaft (1-1); the working principle is as follows: in the advancing process of the soil straw mixing and stirring machine, a deep rotary cutting shovel (1-2) in the deep rotary mixing and stirring soil crushing unit (1) ploughs and crushes soil, and simultaneously mixes and stirs the straw covered on the surface of the soil with the soil; the spiral transmission unit (2) transmits the soil mixed with the straws to the middle part of the spiral transmission unit (2) by means of the spiral blades (2-2) and transmits the soil to the opened groove; meanwhile, partial straws can be thrown to the deep-spinning mixing soil-breaking unit (1) by the helical blades (2-2), so that secondary mixing of the partial straws and soil is realized; as the long holes are uniformly distributed on the helical blades (2-2), most of soil can penetrate through the long holes and stay in the original position, displacement along the direction of the second rotating shaft (2-1) is avoided, a small part of soil can be conveyed into the opened groove along with the straws, the soil and the straws are kept to be mixed, and the straws are effectively prevented from being blown away by wind.
3. A parameter adjusting method of a soil straw mixing stirrer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a, estimating the maximum transmission speed V of the mixed soil in the spiral transmission unit (2) according to the soil quality and the straw content;
b, calculating the transmission speed of the mixed soil according to the axial projection radius r of the helical blade (2-2)
Step c, calculating the time t needed by the mixed soil from one helical blade (2-2) to the other helical blade (2-2) in the two adjacent helical blades (2-2) according to the distance d between the two adjacent helical blades (2-2)
D, calculating the rotating speed omega of the spiral transmission unit (2) according to the number N of the long holes in the spiral blades (2-2) and the included angle alpha of the corresponding long holes
Wherein n is a natural number;
step e, starting the test with n being 0,1,2, … until the conveying speed of the mixed soil in the spiral conveying unit (2) is closest to and does not exceed V; recording the value of n at this time as n ', and recording the value of V at this time as V';
step f, determining the rotation speed omega 'of the spiral transmission unit (2) according to n'
Step g, calculating the pause time t of the soil straw mixing stirrer according to the length D in the spiral transmission unit (2)s
And h, calculating the axial projection radius r of the helical blade (2-2) and calculating the step distance of the soil and straw mixing stirrer to be 2 r.
4. A method for advancing a soil straw mixing stirrer is characterized by intermittently advancing.
5. A soil straw mixer travel method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said intermittent travel includes a pause and a travel;
dwell time tsComprises the following steps:
wherein D is the length of the spiral transmission unit (2), r is the axial projection radius of the spiral blade (2-2), and V is the estimated maximum transmission speed of the mixed soil in the spiral transmission unit (2);
the stepping distance is 2r, and the time is arbitrary.
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| CN201910949521.4A CN110663294B (en) | 2019-10-08 | 2019-10-08 | Screw transmission unit, parameter adjusting method and advancing method of soil straw mixing stirrer |
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| CN201910949521.4A CN110663294B (en) | 2019-10-08 | 2019-10-08 | Screw transmission unit, parameter adjusting method and advancing method of soil straw mixing stirrer |
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| CN110663294A true CN110663294A (en) | 2020-01-10 |
| CN110663294B CN110663294B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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| DE102007002669A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-02 | Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co. Kg | Receptacle for harvesting machine comprises receiving drum with sprung teeth located above it, pressure pad comprising two rollers arranged behind one another with conveyor belt around exterior of rollers |
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| CN110663294B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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