CN108142080A - A kind of bilateral output type straw chopping and returning machine that can remove earth's surface sundries - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-side output straw crushing and field returning machine capable of removing sundries on the surface, comprising a frame, a suspension frame, a transmission system, a straw crushing device, an auger conveying device, a limit roller and a discharge casing. A wind plate is fixed between the knife seats of the straw crushing device; the spiral direction of the left helical blade of the auger conveying device is opposite to that of the right helical blade; the auger conveying device corresponds to the two ends of the auger shaft at the discharge shell An anti-blocking rod is fixed, and the anti-blocking rod is rod-shaped or plate-shaped, and can be one or several; the discharge housing is located outside the frame. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can effectively remove the stems and leaves falling on the membrane surface when crushing crop straws and returning them to the field, and place the crushed straws on both sides of the membrane surface, ensuring that the crop straws In the case of returning to the field, it can create good operating conditions for the recycling of residual film.

Description

A double-side output straw crushing and returning machine that can remove surface debris

technical field

The invention relates to a straw crushing and returning machine used in conjunction with a tractor, in particular to a double-side output straw crushing and returning machine which can remove sundries on the ground, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

The crushing and returning of crop straws and the recycling of farmland residual film are two main tasks and problems faced by agricultural production at present and in the future. Compared with inland provinces and regions, due to its latitude and other reasons, Xinjiang has low temperature and short frost-free period. In order to increase temperature and moisture, suppress weeds, increase yield and improve quality, crops are generally planted with plastic film mulching technology. One year, it leads to the well-known white pollution problem. At present, the use of mechanical recovery of residual film is still a more realistic and economical method of white pollution control. From the process point of view, before the recycling of residual film, the straw needs to be crushed and returned to the field. Most of the currently used straw crushing and returning machines do not have an auger conveying device. The crushed crop straw is directly sprinkled between the crop rows, or directly on the plastic film. When the residual film recovery machine is working, the residual film and The shredded straw will be collected together. Due to the limitation of the space of the film collecting box of the residual film recycling machine and the easy accumulation of plastic film, the film collecting box will be full within a short distance (generally less than 500m). At this time, it is necessary to stop and drive to the field. In this way, on the one hand, the straw cannot be fully returned to the field, and on the other hand, the efficiency of the residual film recycling machine will be affected. However, the straw crushing and returning machine with the auger conveying device is mostly conveyed to one side, which is easy to cause congestion in the middle of the auger conveying device and at the discharge port, resulting in the broken straw falling between the crop rows, and also affecting the work. efficiency. Also due to the structure of the straw crushing device, the crushed straw cannot fully reach the auger conveying device, and will also be scattered among the crop rows in large quantities. In addition, with the gradual promotion of machine-picked cotton technology, cotton pickers will be sprayed with defoliants before operation, and a large number of cotton stems and leaves will be sprinkled on the surface of the plastic film after operation. These debris such as stems and leaves scattered on the membrane surface will bring a lot of difficulties to the follow-up residual membrane recycling work, and it is best to effectively deal with it when the straw is returned to the field.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that can effectively remove debris such as stems and leaves falling on the surface of the mulch film while the straw is crushed and returned to the field, and can also avoid directly throwing the crushed crop straw on the mulch surface. The conveying auger pushes the crushed crop straw to a double-side output straw crushing and returning machine between the two film transfer rows that can remove surface debris.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a double-side output straw crushing and returning machine that can remove surface debris, including a frame, a suspension frame, a transmission system, a straw crushing device, an auger conveying device, The limit roller and the discharge shell. The transmission system includes a gearbox, a left transmission shaft, a right transmission shaft, a chain transmission mechanism, and a V-belt transmission mechanism. The gearbox is fixed on the front of the frame, and the power flows outward from both sides Transmission, one side is passed to the straw crushing device after being accelerated by the V-belt transmission mechanism, and the other side is passed to the auger conveying device after being decelerated by the chain transmission mechanism; the straw crushing device is installed in the middle of the frame; the auger conveying device Installed on the discharge shell, located at the rear of the straw crushing device; there are two discharge shells, which are respectively installed on both sides of the frame; the limit roller is installed at the rear of the frame.

Preferably, the straw crushing device includes a knife shaft, a knife seat, blades and wind plates, the knife seats are symmetrically arranged on the knife shaft, and the wind plates are fixed on the knife seats, the number of them in the circumferential direction is generally 1-2 pieces, and the height is not high at 3cm.

Preferably, the auger conveying device comprises an auger shaft, a left helical blade, a right helical blade, and an anti-blocking rod, and the left and right helical blades are respectively fixed on the auger shaft and located inside the frame; the anti-blocking rod is fixed on the auger The two ends of the dragon shaft are located outside the frame and are in the shape of a rod or a plate, which can be one or two.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The double-side output straw crushing and returning machine of the present invention can remove surface sundries. There is a wind plate fixed between the knife seats of the straw crushing device. On the one hand, it can blow off the stalks and other sundries that originally fell on the surface of the mulch film; on the other hand, it can blow the crushed straw to the auger conveying device, so as to minimize the falling of the broken straw on the surface of the mulch film;

(2) The double-side output straw crushing and returning machine of the present invention, which can remove sundries on the surface, is equipped with an auger conveying device. After the crop straw is crushed by the knife, the straw enters the auger conveying device, and the auger conveying device then crushes the crop straw. The crop stalks are transported to both sides between the transfer lines of the two mulch films, which can avoid the excessive concentration of straws transported to one side and return to the field, which is easy to cause blockage and falling due to the large amount of straw transported;

(3) The present invention can remove the surface sundries. The two-side output type straw crushing and returning machine auger conveying device has anti-blocking rods fixed at both ends of the auger shaft. When the straw crushing and returning machine is working, the anti-blocking rod plays a role in stirring and The function of pulling can eliminate the congestion of crushed straw at the discharge port, and is suitable for operation under high-speed conditions.

The above-mentioned advantages of the present invention are not available in other straw crushing and returning machines. With the above-mentioned advantages, the present invention can provide better working conditions for the residual film recovery equipment, and is suitable for use on film-planted crops.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-side output straw crushing and returning machine capable of removing surface sundries according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the straw crushing device of the double-side output straw crushing and returning machine of the present invention that can remove debris on the ground surface.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auger conveying device of the double-side output straw crushing and returning machine of the present invention that can remove debris on the ground surface.

Numbers in the figure: 1 is the frame, 2 is the suspension frame, 3 is the transmission system, 4 is the straw crushing device, 5 is the auger conveying device, 6 is the limit roller, 7 is the discharge shell, 41 is the cutter shaft, 42 is a wind plate, and 43 is a knife seat, and 44 is a blade, and 51 is an anti-blocking rod, and 52 is an auger shaft, and 53 is a left helical blade, and 54 is a right helical blade.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a double-side output straw crushing and returning machine that can remove surface debris includes a frame (1), a suspension frame (2), a transmission system (3), a straw crushing device (4), The auger conveying device (5), the limit roller (6) and the discharge shell (7), are characterized in that: the transmission system (3) includes a gear box, a left transmission shaft, a right transmission shaft, a chain transmission mechanism, V-belt transmission mechanism, the gearbox is fixed on the front of the frame (1), the power is transmitted from both sides, one side is accelerated by the V-belt transmission mechanism and then transmitted to the straw crushing device (4), and the other side is passed through the chain transmission mechanism After deceleration, it is delivered to the auger conveying device (5); the straw crushing device (4) is installed in the middle of the frame (1); the auger conveying device (5) is installed on the discharge shell (7), Located at the rear of the straw crushing device (4); there are two discharge shells (7), which are respectively installed on both sides of the frame (1); the limit roller (6) is installed on the frame (1) rear.

As shown in Figure 2, the straw crushing device (4) includes a knife shaft (41), a knife seat (43), a blade (44) and an air plate (42), and the knife seat (43) is on the knife shaft (41) Arranged symmetrically, the air plates (42) are fixed on the knife holder (43), the number of them in the circumferential direction is generally 1-2 pieces, and the height is not higher than 3cm.

As shown in Figure 3, the auger conveying device (5) includes an auger shaft (52), a left helical blade (53), a right helical blade (54), an anti-blocking rod (51), and the left and right helical blades are respectively It is fixed on the auger shaft (52) and is located inside the frame (1); the anti-blocking rod (51) is fixed on both ends of the auger shaft (52) and is located outside the frame (1), and its shape is rod or plate Shape, can be 1 or 2.

The field work process of a double-side output straw crushing and returning machine that can remove surface sundries in the present invention is as follows: the straw crushing and returning machine is hung behind the tractor at three points, and the straw is crushed and returned to the field by a universal joint transmission shaft. The gearbox is connected with the tractor power take-off shaft. Entering the ground, combined with the power output from the rear of the tractor, the tractor moves forward, and the power of the tractor is transmitted to the gearbox, and then all the way through the right drive shaft and V-belt transmission mechanism to the straw crushing device (4) for high-speed rotation (generally up to 2000 rpm), One way is transmitted to the auger conveying device (5) through the left transmission shaft and the chain transmission mechanism. The high-speed rotation of the knife shaft (41) drives the blade (44) to crush the crop stalks, and the wind force generated by the high-speed rotation of the wind plate (42) blows the stems and leaves that fell on the ground away from the membrane surface on the one hand, and on the other hand, it works together with the inertial force. The function brings the crushed straw into the auger conveying device (5), and the crushed straw is conveyed to both sides under the action of the left and right spiral blades, and is stirred by the anti-blocking rod (51) and then discharged from the discharge shell ( 7) The lower part falls between the two mulch transfer lines. The limit roller (6) can be adjusted in height, and cooperates with the tractor suspension mechanism to control the height of the blade of the straw returning machine from the ground, so as to achieve a suitable stubble height. After the operation of the machine, the crushed straws are stacked in strips on the transfer line of the plastic film, and the straws and stems and leaves falling on the film surface are very few, which can provide convenience for the subsequent film harvesting operation, and is suitable for the joint operation and separation of residual film recovery. section assignment.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A double-side output straw crushing and returning machine that can remove surface debris, including a frame (1), a suspension frame (2), a transmission system (3), a straw crushing device (4), and an auger conveying device (5), limit roller (6) and discharge housing (7), characterized in that: the transmission system (3) includes a gearbox, a left transmission shaft, a right transmission shaft, a chain transmission mechanism, and a V-belt transmission mechanism , the gear box is fixed on the front of the frame (1), and the power is transmitted from both sides, one side is accelerated by the V-belt transmission mechanism and then transmitted to the straw crushing device (4), and the other side is decelerated by the chain transmission mechanism and then transmitted to the straw crushing device (4). The auger conveying device (5); the straw crushing device (4) is installed in the middle of the frame (1); the auger conveying device (5) is installed on the discharge shell (7), located in the straw crushing device (4) at the rear; there are two discharge shells (7), which are respectively installed on both sides of the frame (1); the limit roller (6) is installed at the rear of the frame (1). 2. The double-side output straw crushing and returning machine capable of removing ground debris according to claim 1, characterized in that: the straw crushing device (4) includes a knife shaft (41), a knife seat (43), The blade (44) and the wind plate (42), the knife seat (43) are symmetrically arranged on the knife shaft (41), the wind plate (42) is fixed on the knife seat (43), and the number in the circumferential direction is generally 1-2 pieces. The height is not higher than 3cm. 3. The double-side output straw crushing and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auger conveying device (5) includes an auger shaft (52), a left helical blade (53), a right helical blade (54), the anti-blocking rod (51), the left and right helical blades are respectively fixed on the auger shaft (52), located inside the frame (1); the anti-blocking rod (51) is fixed on both sides of the auger shaft (52). The end is located outside the frame (1), and its shape is rod-shaped or plate-shaped, which can be 1 or 2.