CN110662643B - 适于焊接的用于车辆燃料储箱的管道 - Google Patents

适于焊接的用于车辆燃料储箱的管道 Download PDF

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CN110662643B
CN110662643B CN201880034839.3A CN201880034839A CN110662643B CN 110662643 B CN110662643 B CN 110662643B CN 201880034839 A CN201880034839 A CN 201880034839A CN 110662643 B CN110662643 B CN 110662643B
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welding
end portion
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fuel tank
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奥雷利安·加泰
卡米耶·德维勒斯
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Nergy Automotive Systems Research SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制造车辆燃料储箱管道(2)的方法,在该方法中:在模具中模制壁,该壁包括由乙烯‑乙烯醇(EVOH)制成的内层(6)和由适于焊接的聚合物制成的外层(8),所述模具包括至少一个在所述模制时在所述壁的端部部分的外表面上产生至少一个公肩部的母肩部,然后,切割所述壁的该端部部分。

Description

适于焊接的用于车辆燃料储箱的管道
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆燃料储箱。更具体地,本发明涉及一种适于焊接的用于车辆燃料储箱的管道。
背景技术
车辆燃料存储系统一般包括其中存储有燃料的储箱。实现不同功能的多个附件或元件固定到该储箱。焊接/熔接(soudure)是一种经常为了该目的而选择的固定工艺。通过焊接固定的其中一种元件尤其是用于给储箱供给燃料的管道。
已知给管道的壁在管道的内侧设置防渗层,该层的功能在于提高管道的防渗性。这允许降低在管道中流动的气体或燃料泄漏的风险。一般选择用于该防渗层的材料是乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)。然而,该聚合物的特性对于焊接到储箱是不兼容的。这就是为什么管道的壁一般是多层的,包括防渗层和适于焊接的聚合物层。
为了产生面积足以用于焊接的界面和在管道侧具有适于焊接的足够的聚合物厚度,存在多个解决方案。
第一解决方案在于在管道的拟焊接到储箱的端部部分处添置例如翼部的零件。翼部给管道/储箱界面提供额外面积,并且可以用适于焊接的聚合物来制造该翼部。然而,该翼部的安装会产生额外成本和固定工艺中的额外步骤,以致于优选地不使用该解决方案。
第二解决方案在于在模制管道时轴向压缩该管道的一部分。由此,产生位于管道的一部分上的凸缘。如果该凸缘位于管道的端部处,管道的壁的各层的布置就允许在管道的主方向上形成适于焊接的聚合物厚度。换句话说,使EVOH远离管道的轴向端部。由此能够将管道的端部焊接到储箱。然而,凸缘的生成需要操作管道在其模制时运动。该操作可能会是关键的且不一定被熟练掌握,这不利于管道制造的可重复性。而且,该运动构成固定工艺中的额外操作,这使得固定工艺复杂化。
此外,这两个解决方案具有共同的额外缺陷,即局部地增大管道的直径。根据燃料储箱的形状和尺寸,这可能会构成限制因素。因此,优选的是避免增大管道体积。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于弥补上述缺陷并提出一种适于焊接且易于实现的紧凑的管道。
为此,根据本发明提供一种用于制造车辆燃料储箱管道的方法,在该方法中:
-在模具中模制壁,该壁包括由乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)制成的内层和由适于焊接的聚合物制成的外层,该模具包括至少一个在模制时在壁的端部部分的外表面上产生至少一个公肩部的母肩部,然后,
-切割所述壁的该端部部分。
由此,得益于对管道端部部分的切割和所述壁的各层的布置,以类似于其中的EVOH远离管道端部的现有技术的凸缘的方式,在管道的主方向上产生了适于焊接的聚合物厚度。
切割端部部分的步骤允许不改变管道的整体形状,同时保持由在模具中赋予管道的形状所提供的适于焊接性能。而且,管道的壁的公肩部的形成在模制时被动地完成了。因此没有使管道的制造工艺复杂化。
此外,摆脱了壁在模具中运动的步骤(在现有技术中用于生成凸缘),该步骤是管道制造失去可重复性的根源。
最后,与前文介绍的两个现有技术的解决方案相反地,母肩部的形状和切割步骤使得没有局部地增大管道的外直径。因此还克服了该缺陷。
根据本发明的第一实施方式,切割步骤与管道主轴线平行地实现。
根据本发明的第二实施方式,切割步骤沿着相对于管道主轴线非零的角度实现。
优选地,切割步骤沿着相对于主轴线小于60°、优选地小于30°的角度实现。
由此,可考虑多个切割方式。这有助于使管道的制造方法变得灵活并可适于所具有的制造设施。如果切割步骤沿着相对于管道主轴线非零的角度实现,优选的是将该角度选择为尽可能地小以限制管道的内直径的减小,该减小可能会不利地影响管道的充装性能。
有利地,模具的母肩部由插件形成,该插件可选地是可移除的。
也可容易地改进传统模具以允许形成管道的壁的公肩部。通过让插件是可移除的,可容易地改变母肩部的形状并由此容易地改变管道的公肩部的形状和尺寸。
有利地,通过在模具中吹塑成型所述壁来实现模制步骤。
吹塑成型是一种被熟练掌握的操作,适于本发明。
根据本发明,还提供了一种用于制造车辆燃料存储系统的方法,在该方法中:
-根据如上所述的方法制造管道;和
-将管道的所述端部焊接到燃料储箱。
根据本发明,还提供了一种用于燃料储箱的管道,该管道包括壁,该壁包括由乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)制成的内层和由适于焊接的聚合物制成的外层,管道的轴向端部部分由适于焊接的聚合物形成,管道在该端部部分处的外直径小于或等于管道的中间部分的外直径。
有利地,该端部部分的外直径小于或等于管道的与该端部部分邻接的部分的外直径。
由此确保没有在焊接位置局部地增大管道的外直径,这允许避免产生无用的体积。
根据本发明,另外还提供了一种用于制造车辆燃料储箱的管道的模具,该模具包括至少一个设置为在模制壁时在壁的端部部分的外表面上产生至少一个公肩部的母肩部。
有利地,母肩部由插件形成,该插件可选地是可移除的。
附图说明
现在将基于附图说明本发明的一个实施方式,在附图中:
-图1是根据本发明的第一实施方式的车辆燃料储箱管道的纵向剖视图;
-图2示出图1的管道的制造方法的切割步骤;
-图3示出图1的管道在切割步骤之后的端部部分;
-图4示出根据本发明的第二实施方式的用于车辆燃料储箱的管道的端部部分;
-图5是示出一个模具的示意图,该模具包括适于实施根据本发明的制造方法的母肩部(épaulement femelle);
-图6是示出图1的管道焊接到燃料储箱的示意图;和
-图7是如图6所示的管道焊接到储箱的剖视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出了一个根据本发明的第一实施方式的管道2。管道2具有主轴线4。在本例子中,管道2至少局部地具有圆柱形形状,但可设想管道具有任何其它形状。
管道2包括壁,该壁本身包括多个层。在本例子中,它包括在管道2的一大部分上径向叠置的内层6和外层8。
内层6由允许减小管道2的渗透性的所谓的防渗材料制成。它在此由乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)制成。然而,可选择具有类似于EVOH的特性的任何其它防渗材料。
外层8由适于管道2之后焊接到燃料储箱的聚合物制成。这样的聚合物被本领域技术人员所熟知。可例如是高密度聚乙烯(PEHD)。
“内层6”指的是径向地位于外层8下方的层。换句话说,内层6不暴露在管道2的径向外表面上。内层6可由包括不同材料的多个层形成。例如,可设置从管道内向外依次包括以下各层的六层或七层壁结构:由导电PEHD构成的导电层、可选地由PEHD制成的中间层、黏着层、由EVOH制成的防渗层、黏着层、中间层,和最后的黑色PEHD装饰层。在该例子中,在本发明的意义上,黑色PEHD装饰层形成外层,那五或六个其它层的整体形成内层。因此,该内层部分地由EVOH实现。
在下文中,为了方便说明本发明,将考虑壁仅包括两个层,即外层8和完全由EVOH制成的内层6。
管道2具有适于管道2的焊接的轴向端部10。管道2的另一端部没有示出,将不描述,因为对它的说明对于理解本发明不是必需的。如在图1中可见,管道的端部部分10由适于焊接的聚合物形成。管道2由此能够容易地在该端部10处焊接,这是因为在端部部分10中不存在EVOH(这是不与焊接兼容的材料)。
仍是在图1中可见,管道2在端部部分10处的外直径小于或等于管道2的中间部分11的外直径。在此,端部部分10的外直径小于或等于管道的与端部部分10邻接的那部分的外直径。在管道2的整个中间部分11中,内层6和外层8径向叠置。在此,管道2在端部部分10处的外直径大约等于中间部分11的直径。管道2的中间部分11位于其两个轴向端部部分之外。
管道的这些特性是有意义的,理由将在本申请下文中说明。
现在将描述根据第一实施方式的管道制造方法。
参照图5,首先在允许吹气成型模制的模具14中模制包括由EVOH制成的层和由适于焊接的聚合物制成的层的壁。
模具14包括两个模具部分14a和14b,每个模具部分承载插件16的一部分。该插件在模具中形成母肩部18,设置母肩部18是为了在模制期间在壁的端部部分的外表面上形成至少一个公肩部12。一旦模制终止,壁成型为管道2的形状。
在模制之后,切割管道2的端部部分10。如在图2中可见,沿着箭头20平行于轴线4进行该切割。由此,从管道2取走端部部分10具有公肩部12的那部分。正是由于该切割,管道2的端部部分10的剩余部分完全由适于焊接的聚合物形成。这在图3中以更大的比例尺可见。
根据在图4中示出的本发明的第二实施方式,不平行于轴线4进行切割,而是按照相对于轴线4非零的角度α,沿着切割线22,进行端部部分10的切割。该角度α小于60°,在图4中大约等于45°。然而,优选的是该角度α小于30°。与第一实施方式相同的,管道2的端部部分10的剩余部分由适于焊接的聚合物形成。
在图6中示出了一个属于根据本发明的车辆燃料存储系统的燃料储箱24。该存储系统根据以下方法来制造:
-根据符合上文的根据所述两个实施方式中任一个的方法制造管道2,然后,
-将管道2的端部部分10焊接到储箱24。
由于管道2的端部部分10由适于焊接的聚合物形成,因此能够直接进行焊接,而无需为了该目的对管道2或储箱24进行准备。
而且,这允许管道2的端部部分10保持与不包括EVOH层的相同充装管道的形状类似的形状,端部部分不为此而需要特别的调整,并具有恒定的外直径。
而且,管道2的壁在端部部分10处的直径小于或等于壁的中间部分11的外直径这一事实使得能够将管道2焊接在设置于储箱24的壁上的口或槽26中。如在图7中可见,管道2的恒定的或向端部10递减的外直径允许它贴合槽26的形状。这还允许不妨碍位于槽26中的进口阀门28的工作。该阀门28通常用英文术语“inlet check valve”(ICV)来指示。
当然,可对本发明进行众多改动而不超出本发明范围。
本发明还适用于将所述管道焊接到一管头。在实践中,该管道的第二端部可焊接到这样的管头。如果将储箱24和其槽26替换成管头,在上文中所述的本发明的实施方式仍是适用的。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于制造车辆燃料储箱(24)的管道(2)的方法,其特征在于:
在模具(14)中模制壁,该壁包括由乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)制成的内层(6)和由适于焊接的聚合物制成的外层(8),所述模具包括至少一个母肩部(18),在模制时所述至少一个母肩部在所述壁的端部部分的外表面上形成至少一个公肩部(12),然后,
切割所述壁的该端部部分以在所述管道(2)的主方向上形成适于焊接的聚合物厚度,即,所述管道(2)的轴向端部部分由适于焊接的所述聚合物形成。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,与所述管道(2)的主轴线(4)平行地进行所述切割步骤。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,沿着相对于所述管道(2)的主轴线(4)非零的角度。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中,沿着相对于所述主轴线(4)小于60°进行所述切割步骤。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中,沿着相对于所述主轴线(4)小于30°的角度进行所述切割步骤。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述模具(14)的母肩部(18)由插件(16)形成。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中,所述插件(16)是可移除的。
8.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中,通过在所述模具(14)中吹塑成型所述壁来实现所述模制步骤。
9.一种用于制造燃料存储系统的方法,其特征在于:
根据如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法制造管道(2);和
将所述管道(2)的端部部分(10)焊接到燃料储箱(24)。
10.一种用于车辆燃料储箱的管道(2),其特征在于,该管道包括壁,该壁包括由乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)制成的内层(6)和由适于焊接的聚合物制成的外层(8),所述管道(2)的轴向端部部分由适于焊接的所述聚合物形成,以允许在所述管道(2)的主方向上的焊接,所述管道(2)在该端部部分(10)处的外直径小于或等于所述管道(2)的中间部分(11)的外直径。
11.如权利要求10所述的管道(2),其中,所述端部部分(10)的外直径小于或等于所述管道的与该端部部分(10)邻接的部分的外直径。
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