CN110655281A - Distributed rural domestic sewage treatment system and treatment method - Google Patents

Distributed rural domestic sewage treatment system and treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110655281A
CN110655281A CN201911079674.4A CN201911079674A CN110655281A CN 110655281 A CN110655281 A CN 110655281A CN 201911079674 A CN201911079674 A CN 201911079674A CN 110655281 A CN110655281 A CN 110655281A
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tank
artificial wetland
iron
functional artificial
filter bed
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聂忠文
佘健
邓乐
彭聃
龚林华
黄聪
马英才
王淼
郑勇
陈林
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Zhongnan Institute Of Safety And Environmental Technology Ltd By Share Ltd
Hunan Nine Tier Environment Technology Co Ltd
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Zhongnan Institute Of Safety And Environmental Technology Ltd By Share Ltd
Hunan Nine Tier Environment Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/308Biological phosphorus removal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5281Installations for water purification using chemical agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007Processes including a sedimentation step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105Phosphorus compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/16Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/18PO4-P
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae

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  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a treatment system and a treatment method of distributed rural domestic sewage, wherein the treatment system comprises an adjusting tank, a lifting pump, an aerobic tank, a functional artificial wetland, a chemical phosphorus removal filter bed and a sludge drying tank, the adjusting tank is provided with a sewage inlet and an anoxic zone, one end of the anoxic zone is communicated with one end of the aerobic tank, the other end of the anoxic zone is communicated with the other end of the aerobic tank through a return pipe, the aerobic tank is provided with a fan, the bottom of the aerobic tank is communicated with the sludge drying tank through a sludge discharge pipe, the top of the aerobic tank is connected with the functional artificial wetland through an overflow pipe, and the water outlet end of the functional artificial wetland is connected with the water inlet end of the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed. The invention adopts AO denitrification process to effectively remove total nitrogen, the effluent enters the functional artificial wetland to adsorb and degrade nitrogen, phosphorus and COD, and the multi-stage process of the functional artificial wetland and the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed is utilized to ensure that the effluent is stable and reaches the first grade A, thus the invention is an effective rural domestic sewage treatment means and has wide market prospect.

Description

Distributed rural domestic sewage treatment system and treatment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a treatment system and a treatment method for distributed rural domestic sewage.
Background
According to the relevant research and investigation results, the discharge amount of the agricultural pollutant Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) accounts for 43.7% of the total discharge amount, and the agricultural Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) respectively account for 57.2% and 67.4% of the total discharge amount. With the improvement of the treatment rate of urban sewage and industrial wastewater, sewage discharged in rural life and production becomes an important pollution source of water body pollution in China.
The domestic and foreign rural domestic sewage treatment technology is divided into anaerobic biotechnology, aerobic biotechnology, ecological treatment technology and the like according to the principle, and the specific technical process comprises a septic tank, a methane tank, a contact oxidation tank, an ecological filter tank, a stabilization tank, an artificial wetland, land infiltration and the like. The existing rural domestic sewage treatment technology in China mainly aims at removing organic pollutants, and has low removal rate or unstable removal effect on nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements which are the main reasons for water eutrophication. At present, the development of sewage treatment process or equipment with high removal rate of organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus is an important direction for the development of rural sewage treatment in the present day.
Developed countries begin early in the aspect of rural sewage control, accumulate some experiences, and the process has strong removal capability on organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts, so that the process is worth being used for reference in China. The technology of the Japanese purification tank (Jookasou) is an integrated treatment facility technology applied to the aspect of rural dispersed sewage treatment, originates from the 60 th century in 20 th century, forms a set of relatively complete technical management system after years of development, and plays an important role in protecting the water environment in the rural areas in Japan.
By taking the experiences of the Japanese purification tank technology in the aspect of rural sewage treatment as a reference, the application prospect of the purification tank technology in the rural sewage treatment in China is explored, and the method has important significance for promoting the rural sewage treatment and improving the rural water environment. However, at present, the municipal domestic sewage discharge standard in most areas adopts the first-class A standard in the pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants, the discharge standard is difficult to reach by adopting a standard type small purifying tank, and the defects of high investment, high operation cost, high operation and maintenance difficulty and the like exist by adopting a performance-identified purifying tank.
The traditional domestic phosphorus removal process is mainly realized by adding medicines, needs the flows of liquid medicine preparation, metering and adding, linkage control and the like, has large daily operation and maintenance amount and high energy consumption, and the traditional denitrification process needs a large amount of nitrified liquid to flow back, has large power consumption, and cannot ensure the standard reaching rate of 100 percent of total nitrogen only by a single nitrification and denitrification treatment process.
Aiming at the small treatment capacity and dispersibility of rural domestic sewage, the method is very important to find an integrated treatment facility which has the advantages of high-efficiency nitrogen and phosphorus removal, no daily maintenance and low energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a treatment system and a treatment method for distributed rural domestic sewage.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a treatment system of distributed rural domestic sewage comprises a regulating tank, a lift pump, an aerobic tank, a functional artificial wetland, a chemical phosphorus removal filter bed and a sludge drying tank;
the equalizing basin is provided with sewage entry and anoxic zone, the one end intercommunication of elevator pump and good oxygen pond is passed through to the one end in equalizing basin anoxic zone, the other end in equalizing basin anoxic zone pass through the back flow with good oxygen pond's other end intercommunication, good oxygen pond is provided with the fan through the pipe connection of exploding, good oxygen bottom of the pool portion through the mud pipe with sludge drying pond intercommunication, good oxygen top of the pool portion pass through the overflow pipe with functional artificial wetland is connected, functional artificial wetland's play water end with chemical dephosphorization filter bed's the end of intaking is connected, be provided with the iron and carbon filler in the chemical dephosphorization filter bed.
In the technical scheme, the treatment system is of a two-layer stacked structure formed by respectively arranging an above-ground layer and an underground layer in the vertical direction, wherein the aerobic tank and the functional artificial wetland are respectively arranged above the regulating tank and the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed, and the sludge drying tank is arranged in the underground layer.
Specifically, the depth of the regulating tank and the depth of the aerobic tank are 1.2-1.6 m.
Further, in the technical scheme, the functional artificial wetland is filled with a combined filler, the combined filler comprises gravel, iron-carbon coupled filler, crushed stone and soil, and the filling height of the combined filler is 750-880 mm.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, emergent aquatic plants are planted in the functional artificial wetland.
In the technical scheme, the iron-carbon filler (8) is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by mass of 3: 1-1: 4, the iron powder and the carbon powder are carbonized and sintered and then mixed and granulated.
Further, in the above technical solution, the iron carbon filler (8) is an oval particle with a porous structure, the particle size is 30-50mm, and the filling height of the iron carbon filler (8) is 500-600 mm.
The invention also provides a treatment method of the distributed rural domestic sewage, which is carried out by adopting the treatment system and comprises the following steps:
s1, allowing rural domestic sewage to be treated to flow into a regulating tank, allowing the rural domestic sewage to enter an anoxic zone and then enter an aerobic tank through a lift pump, and removing total nitrogen through nitrification and denitrification under the alternate circulation between the anoxic zone and the aerobic tank of the regulating tank;
s2, periodically discharging sludge into a sludge drying tank through a sludge discharge pipe by settling at the bottom of an aerobic tank, enabling the denitrified clear water overflowing from the top of the aerobic tank to flow into a functional artificial wetland, and enabling supernatant liquid after standing in the sludge drying tank to flow back to the regulating tank;
s3, removing partial nitrogen and phosphorus and CAD through the combined action of emergent aquatic plants planted in the functional artificial wetland and the filled combined filler;
s4, carrying out iron-carbon reaction on iron-carbon fillers filled in the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed to generate iron ions, and flocculating the iron ions with sewage to generate phosphorus-containing sediment to reduce the total phosphorus content.
In the technical scheme, in the step S3, the hydraulic retention time of the functional artificial wetland is 45-52h, and the porosity is 25-36%.
In the above technical solution, in step S4, the iron-carbon filler needs to be replaced after being adsorbed and saturated, and the replacement frequency is 1 time per 1-2 years.
In the above technical solution, in the steps S1-S4, the sewage treatment scale is less than 50 tons/day, which is only suitable for the treatment of small-sized rural domestic sewage, and is suitable for the season of plant growth in spring and summer, after the effluent of the aerobic tank is treated by the functional artificial wetland, if the total phosphorus content can reach the standard, the effluent is directly discharged beyond the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed, and during the non-plant growth season in autumn and winter, the effluent of the functional artificial wetland must reach the standard after deep phosphorus removal by the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed.
In a preferred embodiment, the decentralized rural domestic sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
step 1: rural domestic sewage to be treated flows into the equalizing basin by self, the equalizing basin in still set up anoxic zone (A section), sewage gets into good oxygen pond after the elevator pump promotes, supplies oxygen to the water through the fan, good oxygen pond mixed liquid flow back to the anoxic zone (A section) of equalizing basin, under the condition of oxygen deficiency-good oxygen is alternative, carry out the getting rid of total nitrogen in the sewage through nitrifying denitrification.
Step 2: sludge precipitated at the bottom of the aerobic tank is periodically discharged into a sludge drying tank through a sludge discharge pipe, supernatant liquid of the sludge after standing and precipitation flows back to the regulating tank, and the sludge precipitated at the bottom is naturally dried through evaporation; clear water overflowing from the top of the aerobic tank automatically flows into the functional artificial wetland.
And step 3: emergent aquatic plants are planted in the functional artificial wetland, a combined filler which takes gravels, iron-carbon coupled fillers, broken stones and soil as main components is filled in the functional artificial wetland, the purification treatment of sewage is cooperatively completed by utilizing the adsorption and degradation effects of developed root systems of aquatic plants and the complex physical, chemical and biological effects of substrates, plants and microorganisms, a part of nitrogen, phosphorus and COD are removed, and the discharged water is discharged into a chemical phosphorus removal filter bed.
And 4, step 4: the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed is internally provided with iron-carbon particle fillers, elemental iron loses electrons by using iron-carbon reaction to generate iron ions, the iron ions and sewage undergo flocculation reaction to generate phosphorus-containing precipitates, and the precipitates are adsorbed on the surfaces of the iron-carbon particle fillers, so that the total phosphorus content in the water is reduced, and the effluent of the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed can reach the first-class A standard (GB18918-2002) of pollutant discharge Standard of urban Sewage treatment plants.
The method of the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
(1) the invention adopts AO denitrification process can effectively remove total nitrogen, the effluent enters the functional artificial wetland, the developed root system of aquatic plants is utilized to adsorb and degrade pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, COD and the like, finally, the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed is utilized to carry out deep phosphorus removal, and the multi-stage process guarantee can ensure that 100 percent of the effluent can stably reach the first-grade A standard;
(2) the invention organically combines AO denitrification process, functional artificial wetland, chemical dephosphorization filter bed and other process technologies with high-efficiency denitrification and dephosphorization, each treatment tank body forms a special stacked structure in space, the liquid level difference is effectively utilized, the operation of the whole system can be completed only by once lifting, and the energy consumption is saved;
(3) the method has the advantages of low investment, quick response, daily maintenance-free property, low operation cost and the like, the technology can stably reach the first-class A standard, and some indexes can meet the IV-class standard in the 'surface water environment quality standard' through optimization and promotion of the technology. The process is an effective rural domestic sewage treatment means and has wide market prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the system structure diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2: a method flowchart of an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, 1, a regulating reservoir, 2, a lift pump, 3, an aerobic reservoir, 4, a functional artificial wetland, 5, a chemical dephosphorization filter bed, 6, a sludge drying reservoir, 7, a fan, 8, iron-carbon particle filler, 9, combined filler and 10, emergent aquatic plants are arranged.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples; and the following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the raw materials used are commercially available.
Referring to fig. 1, the system for decentralized rural domestic sewage treatment provided by the invention comprises a regulating reservoir 1, a lift pump 2, an aerobic tank 3, a functional artificial wetland 4, a chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5 and a sludge drying tank 6.
Rural domestic sewage to be treated automatically flows into a regulating tank 1, an anoxic zone (section A) is also arranged in the regulating tank 1, the sewage enters an aerobic tank 3 after being lifted by a lifting pump 2, oxygen is supplied to a water body by a fan 7, a mixed solution in the aerobic tank 3 flows back to the anoxic zone (section A) of the regulating tank 1, total nitrogen in the incoming water is removed through the biochemical action of oxygen deficiency and aerobic alternation, sludge precipitated at the bottom of the aerobic tank 3 is periodically discharged into a sludge drying tank 6 through a sludge discharge pipe, supernatant after the sludge is statically precipitated flows back to the regulating tank 1, and the sludge deposited at the bottom is naturally dried; clear water overflowing from the top of the aerobic tank 3 automatically flows into the functional artificial wetland 4, partial nitrogen, phosphorus and COD are removed by utilizing the adsorption and degradation effects of developed roots of aquatic plants, the hydraulic retention time of the functional artificial wetland 4 is controlled to be about 48 hours, and the porosity is set according to 30%; discharging the effluent into a chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5, internally arranging an iron-carbon particle filler 8, using iron-carbon reaction to make elemental iron lose electrons to generate iron ions, carrying out flocculation reaction with sewage to generate phosphorus-containing precipitate, and adsorbing the precipitate on the surface of the iron-carbon particle filler 8, thereby effectively reducing the total phosphorus content in the water, wherein the iron-carbon particle filler 8 needs to be replaced after being adsorbed and saturated, and the replacement frequency is 1-2 years and 1 time; the effluent of the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5 can reach the first class A standard (GB18918-2002) of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants.
The sewage treatment scale of the invention is set to be below 50 tons/day, and the invention is only suitable for the treatment of small rural domestic sewage. The whole process scale forms a standardized assembly, and the integrated equipment is formed through reasonable assembly. In the season suitable for plant growth in spring and summer, after the effluent of the aerobic tank 3 is treated by the functional artificial wetland 4, if the total phosphorus content can reach the standard, the effluent is directly discharged out beyond the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5; during non-plant growth seasons in autumn and winter, the effluent of the functional artificial wetland 4 needs to be discharged after deep dephosphorization through the chemical dephosphorization filter bed 5.
The system of the embodiment adopts a special stacked structure, the treatment facility is divided into two layers along the vertical direction, wherein one layer is arranged above the ground, the other layer is arranged below the ground, and the height of the single-layer tank body is 1.5 m; the adjusting tank 1, the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5 and the sludge drying tank 6 are arranged in the underground layer; the functional artificial wetland 4 and the aerobic tank 3 are arranged on the upper layer of the ground.
The functional artificial wetland 4 of the embodiment is also internally provided with a combined filler 9, the combined filler 9 mainly comprises gravel, iron-carbon coupled filler, broken stone and soil, and the total filling height of the combined filler 9 is 800 mm. Wherein the iron-carbon coupling filler in the combined filler 9 is a filler with denitrification function.
Emergent aquatic plants 10 are planted in the functional artificial wetland 4 of the embodiment.
The chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5 of the present embodiment is filled with an iron carbon particle filler 8, and the iron carbon particle filler 8 is prepared by carbonizing, sintering, mixing and granulating iron powder and carbon powder.
The iron carbon particle filler 8 of the embodiment is an oval particle and has a porous structure, the diameter range is 30-50mm, and the filling height of the iron carbon particle filler 8 is 500-600 mm.
The system of the embodiment can realize PLC full-automatic control.
The invention organically combines AO denitrification process, functional artificial wetland, chemical dephosphorization filter bed and other process technologies with high-efficiency denitrification and dephosphorization, each treatment tank body forms a special stacked structure in space, thereby greatly saving energy consumption, and having extremely simple operation and maintenance, and the technical principle is as follows:
firstly, an anoxic zone (section A) is arranged in a regulating tank, sewage enters an aerobic tank after being lifted for one time, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate nitrogen through aeration of a fan, nitrified liquid automatically flows back into the anoxic zone by utilizing liquid level difference, denitrification is realized through anoxic-aerobic alternate action, and most of total nitrogen in the water can be removed through the process; sludge deposited at the bottom of the aerobic tank is periodically discharged into a sludge drying tank through a sludge discharge pipe, supernatant liquid of the sludge after standing and depositing flows back to a regulating tank, and the sludge deposited at the bottom is naturally dried through evaporation; clear water overflowing from the aerobic tank enters a functional artificial wetland, on one hand, partial nitrogen, phosphorus and COD are removed by utilizing the adsorption and degradation effects of developed root systems of emergent aquatic plants, and on the other hand, a combined filler taking gravels, an iron-carbon coupled filler, broken stones and soil as main components is filled in the wetland, wherein the iron-carbon coupled filler has a certain denitrification function, and can further reduce total nitrogen by acting with the combined filler when sewage flows through the wetland; the effluent of the wetland automatically flows into a chemical dephosphorization filter bed, iron-carbon particle fillers prepared by carbonizing, sintering and mixing and granulating iron powder and carbon powder are filled in the filter bed, the iron-carbon reaction is utilized to ensure that elemental iron loses electrons to generate iron ions, the iron ions and the sewage undergo a flocculation reaction to generate phosphorus-containing precipitates, and the precipitates are adsorbed on the surface of the iron-carbon particle fillers, so that the total phosphorus content in the water is effectively reduced, and the effluent of the chemical dephosphorization filter bed can reach the first-class A standard of pollutant discharge Standard of urban Sewage treatment plants (GB 18918-2002).
Referring to fig. 2, the method for treating distributed rural domestic sewage provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1: rural domestic sewage to be treated automatically flows into the regulating tank 1, an anoxic zone (section A) is further arranged in the regulating tank 1, the sewage enters the aerobic tank 3 after being lifted by the lifting pump 2, oxygen is supplied to a water body through the fan 7, mixed liquid in the aerobic tank 3 flows back to the anoxic zone (section A) of the regulating tank 1, and total nitrogen in the sewage is removed through nitrification and denitrification under the condition of oxygen deficiency-aerobic alternation.
Step 2: sludge precipitated at the bottom of the aerobic tank 3 is periodically discharged into a sludge drying tank 6 through a sludge discharge pipe, supernatant liquid of the sludge after standing and precipitation flows back to the regulating tank 1, and the sludge precipitated at the bottom is naturally dried through evaporation; clear water overflowing from the top of the aerobic tank 3 automatically flows into the functional artificial wetland 4.
And step 3: emergent aquatic plants 10 are planted in the functional artificial wetland 4, a combined filler 9 which takes gravels, iron-carbon coupled fillers, gravels and soil as main components is filled in the functional artificial wetland, the purification treatment of the sewage is cooperatively completed by utilizing the adsorption and degradation effects of developed root systems of aquatic plants and the complex physical, chemical and biological effects of substrates, plants and microorganisms, a part of nitrogen, phosphorus and COD are removed, wherein the hydraulic retention time is controlled to be about 48 hours, the porosity is set according to 30%, and the discharged water is discharged into the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5. Wherein, in the seasons suitable for plant growth in spring and summer, if the total phosphorus content of the effluent of the functional artificial wetland 4 can reach the standard, the effluent exceeds the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5 and is directly discharged; during non-plant growth seasons in autumn and winter, the effluent of the functional artificial wetland 4 needs to be discharged after deep dephosphorization through the chemical dephosphorization filter bed 5.
And 4, step 4: the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5 is internally provided with iron-carbon particle fillers 8, elemental iron loses electrons by using iron-carbon reaction to generate iron ions, the iron ions and sewage undergo flocculation reaction to generate phosphorus-containing precipitates, the precipitates are adsorbed on the surfaces of the iron-carbon particle fillers 8, so that the total phosphorus content in the water is reduced, the iron-carbon particle fillers 8 need to be replaced after being adsorbed and saturated, the replacement frequency is 1-2 years and 1 time, and the effluent of the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed 5 can reach the first-class A standard (GB18918-2002) of pollutant discharge Standard of urban Sewage treatment plants.
It should be understood that parts of the specification not set forth in detail are well within the prior art.
It should be understood that the above description of the preferred embodiments is given for clarity and not for any purpose of limitation, and that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Finally, the method of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A treatment system of distributed rural domestic sewage is characterized by comprising a regulating tank (1), a lift pump (2), an aerobic tank (3), a functional artificial wetland (4), a chemical phosphorus removal filter bed (5) and a sludge drying tank (6);
equalizing basin (1) is provided with sewage entry and anoxic zone, the one end in equalizing basin (1) anoxic zone is passed through elevator pump (2) and the one end intercommunication of good oxygen pond (3), the other end in equalizing basin (1) anoxic zone pass through the back flow with the other end intercommunication of good oxygen pond (3), good oxygen pond (3) are provided with fan (7) through the pipe explosion connection, good oxygen pond (3) bottom through the mud pipe with sludge drying pond (6) intercommunication, good oxygen pond (3) top pass through the overflow pipe with functional artificial wetland (4) are connected, the play water end of functional artificial wetland (4) with the end connection of intaking of chemical dephosphorization filter bed (5), be provided with iron carbon filler (8) in chemical dephosphorization filter bed (5).
2. The treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment system is a two-layer stacked structure formed by respectively arranging an overground layer and a underground layer in the vertical direction, wherein the aerobic tank (3) and the functional artificial wetland (4) are respectively arranged above the adjusting tank (1) and the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed (5), the sludge drying tank (6) is arranged in the underground layer, and the depth of the adjusting tank (1) and the depth of the aerobic tank (3) are 1.2-1.6 m.
3. The treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the functional artificial wetland (4) is filled with a combined filler (9), the combined filler (9) comprises gravel, iron-carbon coupled filler, crushed stone and soil, and the filling height of the combined filler (9) is 750-880 mm.
4. The treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that emergent aquatic plants (10) are planted in the functional artificial wetland (4).
5. The treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the iron-carbon filler (8) is formed by mixing, in a mass ratio of 3: 1-1: 4, the iron powder and the carbon powder are carbonized and sintered and then mixed and granulated.
6. The treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the iron carbon filler (8) is oval particles with a porous structure, the particle size is 30-50mm, and the filling height of the iron carbon filler (8) is 500-600 mm.
7. A method for treating distributed rural domestic sewage, which is carried out by using the treatment system of any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:
s1, allowing rural domestic sewage to be treated to flow into a regulating tank, allowing the rural domestic sewage to enter an anoxic zone and then enter an aerobic tank through a lift pump, and removing total nitrogen through nitrification and denitrification under the alternate circulation between the anoxic zone and the aerobic tank of the regulating tank;
s2, periodically discharging sewage into a sludge drying tank through a sludge discharge pipe by settling at the bottom of an aerobic tank, enabling denitrified clear water overflowing from the top of the aerobic tank to flow into a functional artificial wetland, and enabling supernatant liquid after standing in the sludge drying tank to flow back to the regulating tank;
s3, removing partial nitrogen and phosphorus and CAD through the combined action of emergent aquatic plants planted in the functional artificial wetland and the filled combined filler;
s4, carrying out iron-carbon reaction on iron-carbon fillers filled in the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed to generate iron ions, and flocculating the iron ions with sewage to generate phosphorus-containing sediment to reduce the total phosphorus content.
8. The treatment method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the hydraulic retention time of the functional artificial wetland in step S3 is 45-52h, and the porosity is 25-36%.
9. The treatment method according to claim 7, wherein in step S4, the iron carbon filler is replaced after being adsorbed and saturated, and the replacement frequency is 1 time every 1-2 years.
10. The treatment method according to claim 7, wherein in steps S1-S4, the sewage treatment scale is less than 50 tons/day, the treatment method is only suitable for treating small rural domestic sewage, and is suitable for plant growth seasons in spring and summer, after the effluent of the aerobic tank is treated by the functional artificial wetland, if the total phosphorus content can reach the standard, the effluent exceeds the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed to be directly discharged, and in non-plant growth seasons in autumn and winter, the effluent of the functional artificial wetland needs to reach the standard after deep phosphorus removal by the chemical phosphorus removal filter bed to be discharged.
CN201911079674.4A 2019-11-07 2019-11-07 Distributed rural domestic sewage treatment system and treatment method Pending CN110655281A (en)

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