CN206033519U - Rural domestic sewage of solar energy drips and strains processing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a trickle filtration treatment system for rural domestic sewage with solar energy, which comprises a grid regulating tank, a trickling filter tank and an artificial wetland, and gradually purifies and treats the collected rural domestic sewage. Compared with the prior art, the utility model uses solar panels to supply energy through batteries, saves energy, reduces operating costs, and has a simple structure. Pumice filler is used in the trickling filter, and the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen and phosphorus is better. , good water treatment effect, trickling filter adopts natural ventilation and oxygen supply, no need for aerator, which reduces investment costs and saves energy. The modified limestone ceramsite used in the artificial wetland treatment area can achieve enhanced phosphorus removal and nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption effects Obviously, the whole project has simple structure, convenient construction, stable operation and low operation cost.

Description

A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system

technical field

The utility model relates to a sewage treatment system, in particular to a solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system, which belongs to the field of rural domestic sewage treatment.

Background technique

In recent years, my country's rural economic construction has developed rapidly, and the level of urbanization has continued to increase. However, the discharge of domestic sewage in rural areas has also increased, and the water quality pollution has gradually deteriorated. The problem of rural water environment pollution has become more and more prominent. The main characteristics of rural domestic decentralized sewage are small water volume and large fluctuations, and high nitrogen and phosphorus content in sewage, which can easily cause eutrophication of water bodies.

At present, the common rural decentralized domestic sewage treatment methods mainly use anaerobic biological treatment, biological contact oxidation treatment, land treatment, artificial wetland, etc., or a combination of two or more of them. However, such as the anaerobic + aerobic + wetland method, this method has disadvantages such as high energy consumption, unstable effluent quality, and limited nitrogen and phosphorus removal effects. In addition, the MBR/constructed wetland process is also very competitive in the field of decentralized sewage treatment and reuse due to its high sludge concentration and stable effluent quality, but its high operating costs limit its wide application.

The trickling filter is also called the biological filter. The sewage purification process in the trickling filter includes various processes such as the mass transfer process of the sewage, the diffusion and absorption of oxygen, the decomposition of organic matter and the metabolism of microorganisms. The main principle is that the sewage flows through the trickling filter. When the filler intercepts the suspended matter in the water, absorbs the colloid and dissolved matter. At the same time, microorganisms use the adsorbed organic matter and nutrients to grow and reproduce on the filler surface, the organic matter content in the sewage is greatly reduced, and the water quality is purified. Trickling filter is generally suitable for treating small town sewage or rural sewage whose daily sewage volume is less than 1000m ³ and is relatively scattered. Its main advantages are: easy management, energy saving, stable operation, less residual sludge and easy sedimentation and decomposition.

The constructed wetland treatment system uses physical settlement, plant root interception, microbial metabolism, soil and plant surface adsorption and absorption to remove suspended solids and organic substances, and has a certain removal effect on nitrogen and phosphorus. Its advantages include low construction cost, low operating cost, easy maintenance, low technical content, reliable treatment, good effluent quality, and is widely used in rural sewage treatment.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an environment-friendly solar rural domestic sewage trickling filter with low energy consumption, convenient operation and management, economical and beautiful appearance, high sewage treatment efficiency and stable effluent quality in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art processing system.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system, including a grid adjustment tank, a trickle filter tank, and an artificial wetland sequentially connected by water pipes; a water inlet pipe is arranged on the grid adjustment tank, and a water inlet pipe is arranged in the grid adjustment tank near the water inlet pipe. A water tank, with a grid in the water tank, and a reserved hole at the bottom of the water tank, a lift pump is also arranged in the grid adjustment pool, a flow meter well is arranged above the lift pump, and the lift pump and the flow meter well are connected by pipelines; The filter tank includes a high-level water tank, water distribution pipes, packing layer, supporting layer and water storage layer from top to bottom. Ventilation pipes are arranged in the water storage layer. The ventilation pipes are distributed on the pool wall of the trickling filter. The well communicates with the high-level water tank; the constructed wetland includes the connected water inlet area, treatment area and water outlet area. The upper part of the water inlet area is the ceramsite layer of the water inlet area, and the lower part is the gravel layer of the water inlet area. The bottom is the coarse sand layer in the treatment area, the gravel layer in the treatment area, the modified limestone ceramsite layer and the bottom gravel layer in the treatment area. The water inlet area is connected, and the water outlet area is provided with a water outlet pipe.

As a further preferred solution, a perforated flower wall is arranged in the treatment area, and a vegetation layer is placed on the coarse sand layer in the treatment area.

As a further preferred solution, the volume ratio of the grid adjustment tank, the trickling filter tank and the constructed wetland is 1:1.2-1.8:11-11.4.

As a further preferred solution, a return pipe is also provided between the trickling filter tank and the grid adjustment tank, and one end of the return pipe is connected to the water storage layer of the trickling filter tank.

As a further preferred solution, a solar panel for powering the lift pump is arranged outside the grid regulating pool, and the solar panel is a monocrystalline silicon solar panel.

As a further preferred solution, the filler layer is a pumice layer.

As a further preferred solution, the holes of the perforated flower wall are evenly distributed, the hole diameter is 100mm×100mm, and the center-to-center distance between two adjacent holes is 200mm.

As a further preferred solution, the laying thickness of the ceramsite layer in the water intake area is 225mm, and the ceramsite particle size is 10-20mm; the laying thickness of the gravel layer in the water intake area is 225mm, and the gravel particle size is 10mm. -30mm; the laying thickness of the coarse sand layer in the treatment area is 80mm, the coarse sand grain size is 1-3mm, the laying thickness of the gravel layer in the treatment area is 170mm, and the gravel grain size is 5-10mm, modified limestone The laying thickness of the ceramsite layer is 200mm, and the ceramsite particle size is 10-20mm, and the laying thickness of the bottom gravel layer in the treatment area is 150mm, and the gravel particle size is 10-30mm; The thickness is 225mm, and the gravel particle size is 5-10mm. The thickness of the lower gravel layer in the water outlet area is 225mm, and the gravel particle size is 10-30mm.

Beneficial effect

Compared with the prior art, a solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickling filtration treatment system of the present invention uses solar panels to supply energy through batteries, saves energy, reduces operating costs, and has a simple structure. The removal effect is good, and the effect of water quality is good. The trickling filter adopts natural ventilation for oxygen supply, without aerator, which reduces investment costs and saves energy. The modified limestone ceramsite used in the artificial wetland treatment area can realize enhanced phosphorus removal. , the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption effect is remarkable, the whole project structure is simple, the construction is convenient, the operation is stable, and the operation cost is low. It has the following advantages:

1. The solar panel is connected to the lifting pump through the battery to supply energy for lifting the sewage, saving energy and reducing operating costs.

2. The water body in the return pipe of the trickling filter is gravity flow, no external energy is needed, the structure is simple, the return flow can increase the hydraulic load, promote the shedding of biofilm, prevent the filter from clogging and breeding mosquitoes, and can dilute the sewage and reduce the organic load , so as to homogenize and stabilize the influent water quality.

3. The pumice filler is used in the trickling filter, which has a high removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and has a good effect on water quality.

4. The trickling filter adopts natural ventilation for oxygen supply, has a simple structure and does not need an aerator, which reduces investment costs and saves energy.

5. The modified limestone ceramsite in the artificial wetland treatment area can realize enhanced phosphorus removal, and the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption effect is remarkable.

6. Regularly adding caustic soda to the water outlet of the constructed wetland can not only adjust the pH value, but also contribute to the precipitation of heavy metals and the effect of phosphorus removal. The effluent is clear and the cost of use is low, and the effect is particularly obvious.

7. Green plants are planted around the treatment system, and automatic sprinkler irrigation is installed. Aquatic plants are planted on the artificial wetland, which is environmentally friendly and beautiful, and creates a good ecological environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the utility model;

Among them, 1-grid regulating tank, 2-trickling filter, 3-constructed wetland, 4-inlet pipe, 5-grid, 6-reserved hole, 7-lift pump, 8-flow meter well, 9-high position Water tank, 10-water distribution pipe, 11-filling layer, 12-supporting layer, 13-water storage layer, 14-ventilation pipe, 15-ceramic layer in water inlet area, 16-gravel layer in water inlet area, 17-treatment Coarse sand layer in the area, 18-gravel layer in the treatment area, 19-modified limestone ceramsite layer, 20-bottom gravel layer in the treatment area, 21-upper gravel layer in the water outlet area, 22-lower gravel layer in the water outlet area, 23-outlet pipe, 24-perforated flower wall, 25-return pipe, 26-solar panel.

detailed description

The preferred technical solutions of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system of the present invention includes a grid adjustment pool 1, a trickle filter pool 2, and an artificial wetland 3 connected in sequence by water pipes;

The grid adjustment pool 1 is provided with a water inlet pipe 4, and a water tank is arranged near the water inlet pipe 4 in the grid adjustment tank 1. There is a grid 5 in the water tank, and a reserved hole 6 is provided at the bottom of the water tank, and the waste water passes through the grid 5. Filtration flows from the reserved hole 6 to the regulating pool. The grid regulating pool 1 is also provided with a lift pump 7. A flowmeter well 8 is arranged above the lift pump 7. An electromagnetic flowmeter is installed in the well. The lift pump 7 and the flowmeter The well 8 has a pipeline connection, and the lift pump 7 can extract the sewage;

The trickling filter 2 includes a high-level water tank 9, a water distribution pipe 10, a packing layer 11, a supporting layer 12, and a water holding layer 13 arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and a ventilation pipe 14 is arranged in the water holding layer 13. Distributed on the pool wall of the trickling filter 2 and in the water holding layer 13, the flow meter well 8 communicates with the high water tank 9, the water distribution pipe 10 is distributed above the packing layer 11, and the sewage is filtered through the packing layer 11 and concentrated in the water holding layer 13. Part of the treated sewage flows back to the grid regulating tank 1 through the return pipe 25, and part of it enters the constructed wetland 3. The supporting layer 12 prevents the loss of filter material, and the surface of the packing layer 11 has a biofilm;

The constructed wetland 3 includes three areas connected to each other, the water inlet area, the treatment area and the water outlet area. The upper part of the water inlet area is the ceramsite layer 15 of the water inlet area, and the lower part is the gravel layer 16 of the water inlet area, which is used for rapid filtration and treatment. From top to bottom in the area, there are coarse sand layer 17 in the treatment area, gravel layer 18 in the treatment area, modified limestone ceramsite layer 19 and bottom gravel layer 20 in the treatment area, which are used for slow filtration, and the upper part of the water outlet area is the upper layer of gravel in the water outlet area Layer 21, the lower part is the lower gravel layer 22 in the water outlet area, which is used for final filtration, the water storage layer 13 is connected to the water inlet area, and the water outlet area is provided with a water outlet pipe 23, the water temperature in the constructed wetland 3 is not lower than 4 ° C, modified limestone pottery Grain 19 is obtained by modifying limestone with AlCl ₃ and NaOH solution.

Perforated flower walls 24 are arranged in the treatment area to reduce the flow between the filter layers. There is a vegetation layer on the coarse sand layer 17 in the treatment area, and the plants are aquatic plants. Manila is mainly planted in the upper part of the treatment area, and Photinia can be planted in the periphery. The spacing is 2m.

The volume ratio of the grid regulating tank 1, the trickling filter tank 2 and the constructed wetland 3 is 1:1.2-1.8:11-11.4.

A return pipe 25 is also provided between the trickling filter 2 and the grid adjustment tank 1 , and one end of the return pipe 25 is connected to the water storage layer 13 of the trickling filter 2 .

A solar panel 26 for powering the lift pump 7 is arranged outside the grid regulating pool 1, and the solar panel 26 is a monocrystalline silicon solar panel.

The filler layer 11 is a pumice layer.

The holes of the perforated flower wall 24 are evenly distributed, and the hole diameter is 100mm×100mm, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent holes is 200mm.

The laying thickness of the ceramsite layer 15 in the water inlet area is 225mm, and the ceramsite particle size is 10-20mm; the laying thickness of the gravel layer 16 in the water inlet area is 225mm, and the gravel particle size is 10-30mm; The laying thickness of the coarse sand layer 17 in the treatment area is 80mm, and the coarse sand particle size thereof is 1-3mm. The laying thickness of the gravel layer 18 in the treatment area is 170mm, and the gravel particle size thereof is 5-10mm. The laying thickness of 19 is 200mm, wherein the ceramsite grain size is 10-20mm, the laying thickness of the bottom gravel layer 20 in the treatment area is 150mm, and the gravel grain diameter is 10-30mm; The thickness is 225mm, and the particle size of the gravel is 5-10mm. The thickness of the lower gravel layer 22 in the outlet area is 225mm, and the particle size of the gravel is 10-30mm.

A method for using a solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system, including: primary treatment: rural domestic sewage is collected through the water inlet pipe 4 and discharged into the water tank in the grid regulating pool 1, and the grid 5 intercepts and removes larger suspended and floating particles in the sewage It reduces the processing load of the subsequent treatment process, and protects the water pump, pipeline and instrument. After the sewage is filtered, it flows out of the water tank from the reserved hole 6, and the lifting pump 7 lifts the sewage to the flowmeter well 8; secondary treatment Sewage is transported from the flow meter well 8 to the high-level water tank 9, and the sewage is evenly distributed to the packing layer 11 through the water distribution pipeline 10, and the sewage is purified by the interception and adsorption of the biofilm on the surface of the material in the packing layer 11, and the pool wall and the bottom of the pool The ventilation pipes set up utilize natural ventilation to ensure sufficient oxygen supply in the trickling filter 2 and maintain the normal operation of the biofilm. When the sewage flows through the surface of the packing, the packing intercepts the suspended solids in the sewage and at the same time absorbs the colloids and dissolved substances in the sewage . Microorganisms use the adsorbed organic matter as nutrients and the oxygen provided by the ventilation pipe to grow and reproduce. At the same time, the microorganisms further adsorb the suspended, colloidal and dissolved substances in the sewage, and gradually form a biofilm. After the biofilm matures, the microorganisms on the biofilm absorb the organic matter in the sewage as nutrition, adsorb and oxidize the organic matter in the sewage, so that the sewage can be purified, and part of the treated water flows back to the grid adjustment tank 1 by gravity to increase the hydraulic capacity. Load, promote biofilm shedding, prevent filter clogging or breeding of mosquitoes, dilute sewage at the same time, reduce the concentration of organic sludge in the influent, so as to homogenize and stabilize the influent water quality, improve the treatment efficiency, and ensure the stability of the effluent water quality. After filtering, it enters the water holding layer 13; advanced treatment: the sewage flows from the water holding layer 13 into the water inlet area, the treatment area and the water outlet area for layered filtration, and the suspended solids are removed through mechanisms such as the adsorption of microorganisms and the surface adsorption of wetland fillers. Nitrogen-containing pollutants are removed by nitrification and denitrification of microorganisms, uptake of plant roots and adsorption of fillers. Phosphorus-containing pollutants mainly reduce their concentration through the adsorption and precipitation of modified limestone ceramsite. The purified water is finally discharged from the outlet pipe 23, and the domestic sewage after the above-mentioned treatment is discharged into the artificial wetland through the outlet pipe of the trickling filter tank 2. 3. The absorption of the rhizomes of aquatic plants, the interception and adsorption of fillers and the metabolism of microorganisms can be used to further remove pollutants in the effluent to achieve the purpose of deep purification.

The experimental results show that when the influent COD _cr concentration is 100-200mg/L, BOD ₅ concentration is 80-120mg/L, SS concentration is 100-200mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration is 10-30mg/L, and total phosphorus concentration is 3 -7mg/L, when the total nitrogen concentration is 25-40mg/L, the treatment system effluent COD _cr ≤60mg/L, BOD ₅ ≤20mg/L, SS≤20mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤8mg/L, total phosphorus ≤1mg/L L, total nitrogen ≤ 20mg/L. It meets the B standard of the first-level standard of "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants".

Claims (8)

1. A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickling filtration treatment system, characterized in that: it includes a grid regulating tank (1), a trickling filter tank (2), and an artificial wetland (3) connected in sequence by water pipes; the grid regulating tank (1) is provided with a water inlet pipe (4), and a water tank is provided in the grid adjustment pool (1) near the water inlet pipe (4). There is a grille (5) in the water tank and a reserved hole (6) at the bottom of the water tank. A lifting pump (7) is also arranged in the grid regulating pool (1), and a flowmeter well (8) is arranged above the lifting pump (7), and the lifting pump (7) is connected to the flowmeter well (8) by a pipeline ; The trickling filter (2) includes a high-level water tank (9), a water distribution pipeline (10), a packing layer (11), a supporting layer (12) and a water holding layer (13) arranged sequentially from top to bottom, Ventilation pipes (14) are arranged in the water holding layer (13), and the ventilation pipes (14) are distributed on the pool wall of the trickling filter (2), and the flowmeter well (8) communicates with the high-level water tank (9); the constructed wetland (3) Including the connected water inlet area, treatment area and water outlet area. The upper part of the water inlet area is the ceramsite layer (15) of the water inlet area, and the lower part is the gravel layer (16) of the water inlet area. The treatment area is from top to bottom They are the coarse sand layer (17) in the treatment area, the gravel layer in the treatment area (18), the modified limestone ceramsite layer (19) and the bottom gravel layer in the treatment area (20). The upper part of the water outlet area is the upper gravel layer (21 ), the lower part is the lower gravel layer (22) of the water outlet area, the aquifer (13) communicates with the water inlet area, and the water outlet area is provided with an outlet pipe (23). 2. A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a perforated flower wall (24) is set in the treatment area, and a vegetation layer is on the coarse sand layer (17) in the treatment area. 3. A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickling filtration treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the volume ratio of the grid regulating tank (1), trickling filter tank (2) and constructed wetland (3) is 1:1.2-1.8:11-11.4. 4. A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickling filtration treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a return pipe (25) is also set between the trickling filter tank (2) and the grid adjustment tank (1) , one end of the return pipe (25) is connected to the water storage layer (13) of the trickling filter (2). 5. A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a solar panel (26) for powering the lift pump (7) is arranged outside the grid regulating pool (1), The solar panel (26) is a monocrystalline silicon solar panel. 6. A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filler layer (11) is a pumice layer. 7. A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the holes of the perforated flower wall (24) are evenly distributed, the hole diameter is 100mmX100mm, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent holes is 200mm. 8. A solar-powered rural domestic sewage trickle filtration treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laying thickness of the ceramsite layer (15) in the water inlet area is 225mm, and the ceramsite particle size is 10- 20mm; the laying thickness of the gravel layer (16) in the water intake area is 225mm, and the gravel particle size thereof is 10-30mm; the laying thickness of the coarse sand layer (17) in the treatment area is 80mm, and the coarse sand particle size thereof is 1 -3mm, the laying thickness of the gravel layer (18) in the treatment area is 170mm, and the gravel particle size thereof is 5-10mm, and the laying thickness of the modified limestone ceramsite layer (19) is 200mm, and the ceramsite particle size thereof is 10- 20mm, the laying thickness of the gravel layer (20) at the bottom of the treatment area is 150mm, and the gravel particle size thereof is 10-30mm; 10mm, the laying thickness of the lower gravel layer (22) in the water outlet area is 225mm, and the gravel particle size is 10-30mm.