CN114275975A - Domestic sewage treatment device and method and application - Google Patents

Domestic sewage treatment device and method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114275975A
CN114275975A CN202111657683.4A CN202111657683A CN114275975A CN 114275975 A CN114275975 A CN 114275975A CN 202111657683 A CN202111657683 A CN 202111657683A CN 114275975 A CN114275975 A CN 114275975A
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tank
domestic sewage
sewage treatment
biochemical
crushed stone
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CN114275975B (en
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王兴
闫平
闫佩
杨占昆
赵晶磊
谷峰
罗彦鹤
赵阳
王岱
罗航
杨远熙
张坤
王晓乔
郭敏
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Tianjin Huanke Environmental Planning Technology Development Co ltd
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Tianjin Huanke Environmental Planning Technology Development Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a domestic sewage treatment device, a domestic sewage treatment method and application, and relates to the technical field of sewage treatment. The domestic sewage treatment device comprises a primary filtering tank, a pretreatment tank, a biochemical tank, a regulating tank, a purification tank, a biological filter bed reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, an adsorption tank and a solar power supply device; the first-stage filter tank, the pretreatment tank, the biochemical tank, the regulating tank, the purification tank, the biological filter bed reaction tank, the sedimentation tank and the adsorption tank are communicated in sequence. The device ensures the continuous treatment of sewage and has high treatment efficiency; the next process can be directly entered after one treatment process is finished, and the equipment is stable and reliable.

Description

Domestic sewage treatment device and method and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a domestic sewage treatment device and method and application.
Background
Rural domestic sewage is mainly from daily production and life of residents and comprises kitchen sewage, cleaning water, wastewater generated by livestock breeding, septic tank wastewater and the like. The pollutants contained in the rural domestic sewage are mainly organic matters (such as protein, carbohydrate, fat, urea, ammonia nitrogen and the like) and a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms (such as parasitic ova, intestinal infectious viruses and the like).
Along with the improvement of rural living standard, and the number of rural population is large, the discharge amount of domestic sewage is increased rapidly, but the rural domestic sewage has wide dispersion range and is difficult to collect. Because the treatment facilities of the domestic sewage are not sound, a lot of collected domestic sewage is discharged to underground or nearby ponds and rivers without treatment or the treated domestic sewage does not reach the standard, so that the rural water environment pollution is caused.
At present, rural domestic sewage is mainly treated by traditional biogas fermentation or industrial water purification equipment, and the traditional biogas fermentation mode has poor treatment effect and simpler function; the industrial water purification equipment is influenced by factors such as economic conditions, climatic conditions and the like in rural areas, the electric energy is insufficient to supply, and if the electric energy is utilized in a large scale for domestic sewage treatment, the industrial water purification equipment can be in an off-stream or semi-off-stream state. Therefore, the existing rural sewage treatment has the defects of high power consumption and low sewage treatment efficiency.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a domestic sewage treatment device, and aims to solve the technical problems of high power consumption and low treatment efficiency in the prior art.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a domestic sewage treatment method, which has low operation cost, high treatment efficiency, stable effluent reaching the standard, economy and environmental protection.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a domestic sewage treatment device which comprises a primary filtering tank, a pretreatment tank, a biochemical tank, a regulating tank, a purification tank, a biological filter bed reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, an adsorption tank and a solar power supply device.
The first-stage filter tank, the pretreatment tank, the biochemical tank, the regulating tank, the purification tank, the biological filter bed reaction tank, the sedimentation tank and the adsorption tank are communicated in sequence.
Optionally, a secondary filtering tank is further arranged between the pretreatment tank and the biochemical tank.
Preferably, the pretreatment tank, the secondary filtration tank and the biochemical tank are communicated in sequence.
Optionally, the sedimentation tank is communicated with the purification tank, and sediment generated in the sedimentation tank is treated by the purification tank.
Optionally, an aeration pipeline is arranged inside the purification tank.
Preferably, the aeration pipeline is connected with an aerator.
Preferably, a stirring device is arranged inside the purifying tank.
Optionally, a coarse particle gravel layer, a medium particle gravel layer and a fine particle gravel layer are sequentially arranged in the primary filter tank from top to bottom.
Preferably, the particle size of the coarse crushed stone in the coarse crushed stone layer is 25-35 mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the medium-particle crushed stone in the medium-particle crushed stone layer is 10-15 mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the fine crushed stone in the fine crushed stone layer is 1 to 3 mm.
The second aspect of the invention provides a domestic sewage treatment method, which mainly adopts the domestic sewage treatment device of the first aspect to treat domestic sewage.
Wherein, the first-stage filter tank is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the domestic sewage.
And a treating agent is arranged in the pretreatment tank and reacts with the effluent of the primary filtering tank to reduce the content of residual oil and phosphorus.
And biological treatment bacteria are arranged in the biochemical pond, and organic matters are removed from the effluent of the pretreatment pond by the biological treatment bacteria.
And the adjusting tank is used for adjusting the pH of the effluent of the biochemical tank.
The purification tank is internally provided with a reaction filler, and the reaction filler reacts with the effluent of the adjusting tank to improve the oxygen content.
And sludge ceramsite is arranged in the biological filter bed reaction tank, and the sludge ceramsite and the effluent of the regulating tank are subjected to nitration reaction.
And the sedimentation tank is used for settling the effluent of the biological filter bed reaction tank, the formed supernatant enters the adsorption tank, and the sediment at the bottom returns to the purification tank for treatment.
And an adsorption medium is arranged in the adsorption tank, and the purified domestic sewage is obtained after the adsorption medium adsorbs the pigment and the ectopic molecules in the supernatant.
Optionally, the treatment agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01-0.15% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 5-10% of ferrous sulfate, 10-20% of polyaluminum chloride, 10-20% of aluminum chloride, 2-5% of potassium perchlorate, 5-10% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
Preferably, the addition amount of the treating agent is 20g/L to 80 g/L.
Optionally, the bioprocessing bacteria include mucor, eubacterium elongatum, streptococci, and aspergillus sojae.
Preferably, the CFU ratio of the mucor, the eubacterium elongatum, the ascomycete and the aspergillus sojae is 10-15:5-10:3-5: 8-11.
Preferably, the addition amount of the biological treatment bacteria is 10g/L-50 g/L.
Preferably, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 0.5h-3 h.
Preferably, the reaction time of the reaction filler and the effluent of the regulating reservoir is 0.2h-2 h.
Optionally, the particle size of the sludge ceramsite is 8mm-14 mm.
Preferably, the density of the sludge ceramsite is 875-895kg/m3
Preferably, the bulk density of the sludge ceramsite is 360-380kg/m3
Preferably, the adsorbent media comprises activated carbon.
The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the domestic sewage treatment apparatus of the first aspect or the domestic sewage treatment method of the second aspect for treating domestic sewage.
Preferably, the domestic sewage comprises domestic sewage for rural households.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the domestic sewage treatment device provided by the invention, the solar power supply device is arranged, so that the electric energy supply in sewage treatment is realized, other electric energy is not required to be consumed, and the cost is saved. The domestic sewage treatment device is also provided with a primary filtering tank, a pretreatment tank, a biochemical tank, a regulating tank, a purification tank, a biological filter bed reaction tank, a sedimentation tank and an adsorption tank which are sequentially communicated, so that the continuous treatment of sewage is ensured, and the treatment efficiency is high; the next process can be directly entered after one treatment process is finished, and the equipment is stable and reliable.
2. The domestic sewage treatment method provided by the invention enables the effluent to reach DB 12/889-. The process has continuous treatment process, high treatment efficiency and reduced operation cost.
3. The application of the domestic sewage treatment device or the domestic sewage treatment process in domestic sewage treatment provides a device and a method with high treatment efficiency and good performance for domestic sewage treatment, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to one embodiment of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a purification tank in example 1.
Icon: 1-a first-stage filtering tank; 2-a pretreatment pool; 3-a regulating reservoir; 4-a purification tank; 41-connecting pipe; 42-a motor; 43-feed inlet; 44-a stirring rod; 45-stirring blade; 46-an aerator; 47-drain pipe; 48-a filter screen; 49-an aerator pipe; 5-a biological filter bed reaction tank; 6-a sedimentation tank; 7-an adsorption tank; 8-surface flow wetland; 81-matrix layer; 82-wetland plants; 830-a solar power supply; 9-a secondary filtering tank; 10-biochemical pool.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. The terms "primary," "secondary," "tertiary," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a domestic sewage treatment device, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, and the domestic sewage treatment device comprises a primary filter tank 1, a pretreatment tank 2, a biochemical tank 10, a regulating tank 3, a purification tank 4, a biological filter bed reaction tank 5, a sedimentation tank 6, an adsorption tank 7 and a solar power supply device 830.
The first-stage filter tank 1, the pretreatment tank 2, the biochemical tank 10, the regulating tank 3, the purification tank 4, the biological filter bed reaction tank 5, the sedimentation tank 6 and the adsorption tank 7 are communicated in sequence.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the primary filtration tank 1, the pretreatment tank 2, the biochemical tank 10, the conditioning tank 3, the purification tank 4, the biological filter bed reaction tank 5, the sedimentation tank 6, and the adsorption tank 7 are communicated by a pump.
The pump is typically, but not limited to, a high pressure pump.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a secondary filtering tank 9 is further provided between the pretreatment tank 2 and the biochemical tank 10.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment tank 2, the secondary filtration tank 9 and the biochemical tank 10 are sequentially communicated by a pump.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the sedimentation tank 6 and the purification tank 4 are communicated by a sludge pump, and the sediment generated in the sedimentation tank 6 is treated by the purification tank 4.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a surface flow wetland 8 is provided behind the adsorption tank 7 for receiving purified domestic sewage discharged from the adsorption tank 7. The surface flow wetland 8 is provided with a substrate layer 81, wetland plants 82 are planted on the substrate layer 81, and the wetland plants 82 comprise one or more of canna indica, cress, loosestrife and eichhornia crassipes.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the surface wetland 8 is covered with a geomembrane for preventing the loss of the matrix layer 81.
In one embodiment of the invention, the solar power supply device 830 is arranged in the surface wetland 8, and the solar power supply device 830 comprises a solar photovoltaic module, a storage battery for storing electric energy and a controller. The solar photovoltaic module absorbs light energy and generates electricity, the converted electric energy is stored in the storage battery, and the storage battery provides electric energy for each high-pressure pump and each sludge discharge pump through the controller.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, an aeration pipe 49 is provided inside the purification tank 4, aeration openings are uniformly provided on the aeration pipe 49, and the aeration pipe 49 is connected to the aerator 46.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the purification tank 4 is provided with a feed inlet 43, a motor 42 is fixed on the top of the purification tank 4, an output shaft of the motor 42 is fixedly connected with a stirring rod 44, and a plurality of groups of stirring blades 45 are arranged on the stirring rod 44. A liquid discharge pipe 47 is arranged at the bottom of the purification tank 4, a filter screen 48 is arranged at the inlet end of the liquid discharge pipe 47, and the purification tank 4 is provided with a connecting pipe 41 connected with a sludge discharge pipe.
By adopting the scheme, the arranged feeding hole 43 is used for adding the filler, and when the aerator 46 works, the starting motor drives the stirring rod 44 and the stirring blades 45 to rotate, so that the contact area of the filler and the domestic sewage is increased, and the oxygen content of the domestic sewage is favorably improved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a domestic sewage treatment method, which comprises the following technical processes:
[ first-stage filtration tank ]
The first-stage filter tank is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the domestic sewage, the domestic sewage passes through the coarse particle gravel layer, the medium particle gravel layer and the fine particle gravel layer, and pollutant particles are intercepted on the surface of the gravel layer or in an inner gap, so that the solid-liquid separation process is realized.
Preferably, the inflow rate of the domestic sewage is 300L/d-600L/d.
In some embodiments of the invention, the influent flow rate of domestic sewage is typically, but not limited to, 300L/d, 350L/d, 400L/d, 450L/d, 500L/d, 550L/d, or 600L/d.
A coarse gravel layer, a medium-particle gravel layer and a fine-particle gravel layer are sequentially arranged in the primary filter tank from top to bottom, and the particle size of coarse gravel in the coarse gravel layer is 25-35 mm; the particle size of the medium crushed stone in the medium crushed stone layer is 10-15 mm; the particle size of the fine crushed stone in the fine crushed stone layer is 1-3 mm.
In some embodiments of this example, the size of the coarse crushed stone is typically, but not limited to, 25mm, 26mm, 27mm, 28mm, 29mm, 30mm, 31mm, 32mm, 33mm, 34mm, or 35 mm; the particle size of the medium-sized crushed stone is typically but not limited to 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm or 15 mm; the particle size of the fine crushed stone is typically, but not limited to, 1mm, 2mm or 3 mm.
[ pretreatment tank ]
And a treating agent is arranged in the pretreatment tank and reacts with the effluent of the primary filtering tank to reduce the content of residual oil and phosphorus.
Optionally, the treatment agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01-0.15% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 5-10% of ferrous sulfate, 10-20% of polyaluminum chloride, 10-20% of aluminum chloride, 2-5% of potassium perchlorate, 5-10% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass percentage of the cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant in the treatment agent is typically, but not limited to, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, or 0.15%; the mass percentage of ferrous sulfate is typically but not limited to 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%; typically but not limited to, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20% by mass of polyaluminium chloride; the mass percentage of aluminum chloride is typically but not limited to 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, or 20%; typical but not limited to, 2%, 3%, 4%, or 5% by mass of potassium perchlorate; the mass percentage of aluminum sulfate is typically, but not limited to, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10%.
Preferably, the addition amount of the treating agent is 20g/L to 80 g/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, the treatment agent is typically added in an amount of, but not limited to, 20g/L, 30g/L, 40g/L, 50g/L, 60g/L, 70g/L, or 80 g/L.
The treating agent can flocculate with residual oil and form precipitate with phosphide, so as to reduce residual oil and phosphorus content in domestic sewage.
Preferably, a secondary filtering tank is arranged behind the pretreatment tank and is used for filtering precipitates formed in the pretreatment process and reducing the content of residual oil and phosphorus in effluent.
[ Biochemical tank ]
And biological treatment bacteria are arranged in the biochemical pond, and organic matters are removed from the effluent of the pretreatment pond by the biological treatment bacteria. Optionally, the bioprocessing bacteria include mucor, eubacterium elongatum, streptococci, and aspergillus sojae.
The mucor, the eubacterium elongatum, the streptospora and the aspergillus sojae are mutually coordinated and matched to form a microbial system capable of efficiently treating domestic sewage, and the microbial system has the capability of degrading grease, starch and cellulose and can effectively reduce the release of hydrogen sulfide.
Preferably, the CFU ratio of the mucor, the eubacterium elongatum, the ascomycete and the aspergillus sojae is 10-15:5-10:3-5: 8-11.
In some embodiments of the invention, the CFU ratios of the mucorales, the eubacterium elongatum, the ascomycete and the aspergillus sojae are typically, but not limited to, 10:5:3:8, 12:7:5:9, or 15:10:5: 11.
Preferably, the addition amount of the biological treatment bacteria is 10g/L-50 g/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, the amount of the bioprocessing bacteria added is typically, but not limited to, 10g/L, 20g/L, 30g/L, 40g/L, or 50 g/L.
Preferably, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 0.5h-3 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is typically, but not limited to, 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h, or 3 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, mucor, eubacterium elongatum, streptomyces, and aspergillus sojae are inoculated onto an acclimation medium, cultured at 25 ℃ for 30 hours, and then added to a biochemical pond.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the acclimatization medium comprises glucose at a concentration of 0.20g/L, peptone at a concentration of 0.12g/L, beef extract at a concentration of 0.15g/L, and (NH) at a concentration of 0.05g/L4)2HPO4
[ adjusting tank ]
And the adjusting tank is used for adjusting the pH of the effluent of the biochemical tank.
Preferably, the pH of the effluent of the conditioning tank is 7-9.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pH of the pond effluent is typically, but not limited to, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, or 9.
[ purifying tank ]
The purification tank is internally provided with a reaction filler, and the reaction filler reacts with the effluent of the adjusting tank to improve the oxygen content.
In some embodiments of the invention, the reactive filler is typically, but not limited to, an MBBR filler.
Preferably, the reaction time of the reaction filler and the effluent of the regulating reservoir is 0.2h-2 h.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the reaction time of the reaction packing with the effluent of the conditioning tank is typically, but not limited to, 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, or 2 h.
[ biological Filter bed reaction tank ]
And sludge ceramsite is arranged in the biological filter bed reaction tank, and the sludge ceramsite and the effluent of the regulating tank are subjected to nitration reaction.
Optionally, the particle size of the sludge ceramsite is 8mm-14 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the sludge ceramsite has a typical, but not limited to, particle size of 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm or 14 mm.
Preferably, the density of the sludge ceramsite is 875-895kg/m3
In some embodiments of the present invention, the density of the sludge ceramsite is typically, but not limited to 875kg/m3、880kg/m3、885kg/m3Or 895kg/m3
Preferably, the bulk density of the sludge ceramsite is 360-380kg/m3
In some embodiments of the invention, the bulk density of the sludge ceramsite is typically, but not limited to, 360kg/m3、365kg/m3、370kg/m3、375kg/m3Or 380kg/m3
[ sedimentation tank ]
And the sedimentation tank is used for settling the effluent of the biological filter bed reaction tank, the formed supernatant enters the adsorption tank, and the sediment at the bottom returns to the purification tank for treatment.
Precipitation refers to the separation of solids from liquids by settling due to density differences.
In some embodiments of the invention, denitrifying bacteria are added into the sedimentation tank for denitrification treatment, so that nitrogen in the nitrate is reduced into nitrogen and discharged, and the nitrogen content in the sewage is reduced.
[ adsorption tank ]
And an adsorption medium is arranged in the adsorption tank, and the purified domestic sewage is obtained after the adsorption medium adsorbs the pigment and the ectopic molecules in the supernatant.
Preferably, the adsorbent media comprises activated carbon.
Test example 1
In the experimental example, the domestic sewage treatment device provided in fig. 3 in example 1 and the domestic sewage treatment method provided in example 2 are adopted to treat domestic sewage for rural households, and the method specifically comprises the step of introducing the domestic sewage into a primary filter tank, wherein the inflow rate is 300L/d. The adding amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 80 g/L. The adding amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 20 g/L. The components in the treating agent comprise: 0.01 wt% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 5 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 10 wt% of polyaluminum chloride, 10 wt% of aluminum chloride, 2 wt% of potassium perchlorate, 5 wt% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
The adding amount of the biological treatment bacteria in the biochemical pool is 10g/L, the CFU ratio of the trichoderma, the eubacterium elongatum, the streptospora and the aspergillus sojae in the biological treatment bacteria is 10:5:3:8, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 0.5h, the pH value of the sewage is adjusted to 7 in the adjusting pool, and then the sewage is sent into the purifying pool to be treated for 0.2h, so that the purified domestic sewage is obtained.
Test example 2
In the experimental example, the domestic sewage treatment device provided by the fig. 3 in the embodiment 1 and the domestic sewage treatment method provided by the embodiment 2 are adopted to treat domestic sewage for rural households, and the method specifically comprises the step of introducing the domestic sewage into a primary filter tank, wherein the inflow rate is 400L/d. The adding amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 20 g/L. The components in the treating agent comprise: 0.15 wt% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 10 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 20 wt% of polyaluminum chloride, 20 wt% of aluminum chloride, 5 wt% of potassium perchlorate, 10 wt% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
The adding amount of the biological treatment bacteria in the biochemical pool is 50g/L, the CFU ratio of the trichoderma, the eubacterium elongatum, the streptospora and the aspergillus sojae in the biological treatment bacteria is 15:10:5:11, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 1h, the pH value of the sewage is adjusted to 8 in the adjusting pool, and then the sewage is sent into the purifying pool to be treated for 2h, so that the purified domestic sewage is obtained.
Test example 3
In the experimental example, the domestic sewage treatment device provided by the fig. 3 in the embodiment 1 and the domestic sewage treatment method provided by the embodiment 2 are adopted to treat domestic sewage for rural households, and the method specifically comprises the step of introducing the domestic sewage into a primary filter tank, wherein the inflow rate is 500L/d. The adding amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 40 g/L. The components in the treating agent comprise: 0.1 wt% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 8 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 15 wt% of polyaluminum chloride, 15 wt% of aluminum chloride, 4 wt% of potassium perchlorate, 8 wt% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
The adding amount of the biological treatment bacteria in the biochemical pool is 40g/L, the CFU ratio of the trichoderma, the eubacterium elongatum, the streptospora and the aspergillus sojae in the biological treatment bacteria is 12:8:4:10, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 3h, the pH value of the sewage is adjusted to 9 in the adjusting pool, and then the sewage is sent into the purifying pool to be treated for 1h, so that the purified domestic sewage is obtained.
Test example 4
In the experimental example, the domestic sewage treatment device provided by the fig. 3 in the embodiment 1 and the domestic sewage treatment method provided by the embodiment 2 are adopted to treat domestic sewage for rural households, and the method specifically comprises the step of introducing the domestic sewage into a primary filter tank, wherein the inflow rate is 600L/d. The adding amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 60 g/L. The components in the treating agent comprise: 0.12 wt.% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 8 wt.% of ferrous sulfate, 10 wt.% of polyaluminum chloride, 20 wt.% of aluminum chloride, 4 wt.% of potassium perchlorate, 5 wt.% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
The adding amount of the biological treatment bacteria in the biochemical pool is 40g/L, the CFU ratio of the trichoderma, the eubacterium elongatum, the streptospora and the aspergillus sojae in the biological treatment bacteria is 15:7:4:11, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 2 hours, the pH value of the sewage is adjusted to 7 in the adjusting pool, and then the sewage is sent into the purifying pool to be treated for 2 hours, so that the purified domestic sewage is obtained.
Comparative example 1
The domestic sewage is treated by the comparative example, and the difference from the experimental example 1 is that a biochemical pool is not arranged in the domestic sewage treatment device, and other devices and steps are the same as the experimental example 1, so that the detailed description is omitted.
Comparative example 2
The domestic sewage is treated by the comparative example, and the difference from the experimental example 2 is that a biochemical pool is not arranged in the domestic sewage treatment device, and other devices and steps are the same as the experimental example 2, so that the detailed description is omitted.
Comparative example 3
The domestic sewage is treated by the comparative example, and the difference from the experimental example 3 is that a biochemical pool is not arranged in the domestic sewage treatment device, and other devices and steps are the same as the experimental example 3, so that the detailed description is omitted.
Comparative example 4
The domestic sewage is treated by the comparative example, and the difference from the experimental example 4 is that a biochemical pool is not arranged in the domestic sewage treatment device, and other devices and steps are the same as the experimental example 4, and are not described again.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example treats domestic sewage for rural households, the used equipment is an intelligent integrated sewage purification system with the specification of ICWT-B-100, and a manufacturer is Beijing Biyu water resource science and technology company Limited.
Verification example 1
The purified domestic sewage obtained in the test examples 1-4 and the comparative examples 1-5 is subjected to water quality detection, and the detection methods of SS, COD, BOD, TN and TP are all carried out according to the method in DB12/889-2019 Water pollutant discharge Standard of rural domestic Sewage treatment facility. Data results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water quality test results before and after treatment (unit: mg/L)
Figure BDA0003448722820000141
The removal rate is a ratio of a concentration difference of a component of the domestic sewage before and after the treatment to a concentration of a component of the domestic sewage before the treatment.
As can be seen from Table 1, the removal rates of SS, COD, BOD, TN and TP in the domestic sewage treated by the experimental examples 1-4 are significantly higher than those of the sewage treatment apparatuses of the comparative examples 1-5, which shows that the removal rates of SS, COD, BOD, TN and TP can be improved by adding the biochemical tank between the secondary filter tank and the adjusting tank to treat the domestic sewage, and compared with the commercial water purification equipment, the removal rates of SS, COD, BOD, TN and TP in the domestic sewage treated by the sewage treatment apparatus and the sewage treatment method of the present invention are higher.
Verification example 2
Statistics were made on the power storage amount of the solar power supply apparatus and the power consumption amount of the pump in the experimental examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 4, and the data results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 electric power storage and consumption data table
Figure BDA0003448722820000151
As can be seen from Table 2, the electricity storage capacity of the solar photovoltaic control system provided by the invention is 80kWh, and when domestic sewage is treated, the sum of the total electricity consumption of each high-pressure pump and the sludge discharge pump of the test examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 is obviously smaller than the electricity storage capacity of the solar photovoltaic control system, which shows that the solar device provided by the invention can supply the electric energy of each high-pressure pump and the sludge discharge pump without consuming other electric energy, so that the cost is saved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A domestic sewage treatment device is characterized by comprising a primary filter tank, a pretreatment tank, a biochemical tank, a regulating tank, a purification tank, a biological filter bed reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, an adsorption tank and a solar power supply device;
the first-stage filter tank, the pretreatment tank, the biochemical tank, the regulating tank, the purification tank, the biological filter bed reaction tank, the sedimentation tank and the adsorption tank are communicated in sequence.
2. The domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a secondary filtering tank is further provided between said pretreatment tank and said biochemical tank;
preferably, the pretreatment tank, the secondary filtration tank and the biochemical tank are communicated in sequence.
3. The domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein said sedimentation tank is in communication with said purification tank, and wherein a sediment produced in said sedimentation tank is treated by said purification tank.
4. The domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an aeration pipe is provided inside said purification tank;
preferably, the aeration pipeline is connected with an aerator;
preferably, a stirring device is arranged inside the purifying tank.
5. The domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a coarse particle crushed stone layer, a medium particle crushed stone layer and a fine particle crushed stone layer are arranged in the primary filter tank from top to bottom;
preferably, the particle size of the coarse crushed stone in the coarse crushed stone layer is 25-35 mm;
preferably, the particle size of the medium crushed stone in the medium crushed stone layer is 10-15 mm;
preferably, the particle size of the fine crushed stone in the fine crushed stone layer is 1 to 3 mm.
6. A domestic sewage treatment method characterized in that a domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is mainly used for treating domestic sewage;
wherein, the first-stage filter tank is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the domestic sewage;
a treating agent is arranged in the pretreatment tank, and the treating agent reacts with the effluent of the primary filtering tank to reduce the content of residual oil and phosphorus;
biological treatment bacteria are arranged in the biochemical pool and used for removing organic matters from the effluent of the pretreatment pool;
the adjusting tank is used for adjusting the pH of the effluent of the biochemical tank;
a reaction filler is arranged inside the purification tank, and reacts with the effluent of the regulating tank to increase the oxygen content;
sludge ceramsite is arranged in the biological filter bed reaction tank, and the sludge ceramsite and the effluent of the adjusting tank are subjected to nitration reaction;
the sedimentation tank is used for settling the effluent of the biological filter bed reaction tank, the formed supernatant enters the adsorption tank, and the sediment at the bottom returns to the purification tank for treatment;
and an adsorption medium is arranged in the adsorption tank, and the purified domestic sewage is obtained after the adsorption medium adsorbs the pigment and the ectopic molecules in the supernatant.
7. The domestic sewage treatment method according to claim 6, wherein said treatment agent comprises the following components in mass percent: 0.01-0.15% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 5-10% of ferrous sulfate, 10-20% of polyaluminum chloride, 10-20% of aluminum chloride, 2-5% of potassium perchlorate, 5-10% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water;
preferably, the addition amount of the treating agent is 20g/L to 80 g/L.
8. The domestic sewage treatment method according to claim 6, wherein said biological treatment bacteria comprise mucor, eubacterium elongatum, streptococci and aspergillus sojae;
preferably, the CFU ratio of the mucor, the eubacterium elongatum, the ascomycete and the aspergillus sojae is 10-15:5-10:3-5: 8-11;
preferably, the addition amount of the biological treatment bacteria is 10g/L-50 g/L;
preferably, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 0.5h-3 h;
preferably, the reaction time of the reaction filler and the effluent of the regulating reservoir is 0.2h-2 h.
9. The domestic sewage treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the particle size of said sludge ceramsite is 8mm-14 mm;
preferably, the density of the sludge ceramsite is 875-895kg/m3
Preferably, the bulk density of the sludge ceramsite is 360-380kg/m3
Preferably, the adsorbent media comprises activated carbon.
10. Use of a domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or a domestic sewage treatment method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 for treating domestic sewage;
preferably, the domestic sewage comprises domestic sewage for rural households.
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