CN111252998A - Edible fungus wastewater treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating edible fungus wastewater, wherein a device for implementing the treatment method comprises a mechanical grating, an adjusting tank, an air floatation machine, a buffer water tank, a UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) tank, an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank, an MBR (membrane bioreactor) tank, a disinfection tank, a clean water tank, a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system, an aeration pipeline, a fan and a pump; submersible mixers are arranged in the regulating tank and the anaerobic tank, the regulating tank plays a role in regulating water quality, and the anaerobic tank prevents sludge strains from precipitating; a three-phase separator is arranged in the UASB pool, so that solid, liquid and gas can be effectively separated. Further removing cod from the MBR membrane, and passing effluent through an ozone generator; the occupied area is small, and a secondary sedimentation tank is not needed to be additionally arranged, so that the cost of a field and civil engineering is saved; the effluent is clearer, no suspended matters exist, the cod and ammonia nitrogen effluent is extremely low, the recycling standard can be reached, and the water resource is utilized to the maximum extent.

Description

Edible fungus wastewater treatment method

Technical Field

The invention relates to an environment-friendly treatment method facility for treating and recycling edible fungus wastewater, belonging to the technical field of environment protection.

Background

At present, the wastewater generated in the edible fungus processing industry is directly discharged to a downstream sewage treatment plant without treatment, and the load of the sewage treatment plant is increased because the water content of the edible fungus wastewater is generally large. The prior edible fungi wastewater treatment is a simple A/O biochemical method, the discharged water is unstable with mud, the cod is high, the occupied area is large, and the water quality does not meet the recycling standard.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems, provides a method for treating edible fungus wastewater, achieves the aims of small occupied area, large treatment capacity and obvious treatment effect, and can reuse the treated water for flushing toilets, irrigation and the like. Not only saves resources, but also realizes the maximization of the utilization rate of water resources and saves the cost for enterprises. The ozone generator technology is adopted, and the quality and the chromaticity of the effluent are ensured.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the edible fungus wastewater treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device for implementing the treatment method comprises a mechanical grating, an adjusting tank, an air floatation machine, a buffer water tank, a UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) tank, an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank, an MBR (membrane bioreactor) tank, a disinfection tank, a clean water tank, a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system, an aeration pipeline, a fan and a pump;

submersible mixers are arranged in the regulating tank and the anaerobic tank, the regulating tank plays a role in regulating water quality, and the anaerobic tank prevents sludge strains from precipitating;

a three-phase separator is arranged in the UASB pool, so that solid, liquid and gas can be effectively separated. Further removing cod from the MBR membrane, and passing effluent through an ozone generator;

the method specifically comprises the following steps:

removing large floating objects and suspended matters in the wastewater through a grating, enabling the wastewater to enter an adjusting tank, equalizing the water quality and the water quantity, adding alkali to adjust the pH of the wastewater to be neutral, lifting the wastewater into an air floatation machine through a pump, and removing most suspended matters in the wastewater through chemical adding air floatation;

the effluent of the air flotation machine enters a buffer water tank to reduce dissolved oxygen in water, then is lifted by a pump to enter an anaerobic reactor to degrade most organic substances in the water, the effluent enters a subsequent A/O reaction tank, organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the water are degraded by the action of microorganisms and then enters an MBR tank, the effluent produced by MBR filtration enters an oxidation tank, ozone is added to decolor and remove part of residual organic matters;

residual sludge generated by the air floatation system and the biochemical system enters a sludge concentration tank, is lifted to a dehydrator for dehydration by a sludge pump after gravity concentration, is transported out periodically after dehydration with the water content of 75-80 percent and is treated by qualified units; and refluxing the supernatant of the concentration tank and the filtrate of the dehydrator to the regulating tank.

Sewage flows into the anaerobic sludge bed from the bottom of the anaerobic sludge bed to be mixed and contacted with sludge in the sludge layer, and microorganisms in the sludge decompose organic matters in the sewage and convert the organic matters into methane; the biogas is continuously discharged in the form of micro bubbles, the micro bubbles are continuously combined in the ascending process to gradually form larger bubbles, sludge with thinner sludge concentration is formed at the upper part of a sludge bed due to the stirring of the biogas and rises together with water to enter a three-phase separator, when the biogas touches a reflecting plate at the lower part of the separator, the biogas is folded to the periphery of the reflecting plate, then passes through a water layer to enter a gas chamber, is concentrated in the biogas in the gas chamber and is guided out by a guide pipe, a solid-liquid mixed liquid is reflected to enter a settling zone of the three-phase separator, the sludge in the sewage is flocculated, particles are gradually increased, and the sludge is settled under the action of; the sludge deposited on the inclined wall slides back to the anaerobic reaction zone along the inclined wall, so that a large amount of sludge is accumulated in the reaction zone, treated effluent separated from the sludge overflows from the upper part of an overflow weir of the deposition zone, and then is discharged out of a sludge bed.

The A/O biological denitrification process is a single-stage biochemical treatment method, wherein low molecular organic matters in water are degraded and consumed by microorganisms under the action of the microorganisms and finally become carbon dioxide and water;

the A/O process is characterized in that a front-section anoxic section and a rear-section aerobic section are connected in series, DO (dissolved oxygen) of the A section is not more than 0.5mg/L, and DO of the O section = 2-4 mg/L; the heterotrophic bacteria hydrolyze starch, fiber, carbohydrate and other suspended pollutants and soluble organic matters in the sewage into organic acid at the anoxic section, so that macromolecular organic matters are decomposed into micromolecular organic matters, insoluble organic matters are converted into soluble organic matters, and when products after anoxic hydrolysis enter an aerobic tank for aerobic treatment, the biodegradability and the oxygen efficiency of the sewage can be improved.

In an anoxic section, heterotrophic bacteria ammoniate pollutants such as protein, fat and the like (N on an organic chain or amino in amino acid) to release ammonia (NH 3 ammonia and NH4 +), under the condition of sufficient oxygen supply, nitrification of the autotrophic bacteria oxidizes NH3-N ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 +) into NO3-, and the NO 3-is returned to a pool A through backflow control, and under the anoxic condition, denitrification of the heterotrophic bacteria reduces NO 3-into molecular nitrogen (N2) to complete ecological circulation of C, N, O, so that sewage harmless treatment is realized.

The screw stacking main body of the dehydrator is a filtering device formed by mutually stacking a fixed ring and a movable ring, a spiral shaft penetrates through the filtering device, and a filter seam formed between the fixed ring and the movable ring and the screw pitch of the spiral shaft are gradually reduced from a concentration part to a dehydration part;

after the sludge enters the dehydrator, the sludge generates great internal pressure along with the gradual reduction of the filter seam and the screw pitch in the advancing process and under the blocking action of the back pressure plate, the volume is continuously reduced, and the purpose of full dehydration is achieved.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the occupied area is small, and a secondary sedimentation tank is not needed to be additionally arranged, so that the cost of a field and civil engineering is saved; the effluent is clearer, no suspended matters exist, the cod and ammonia nitrogen effluent is extremely low, the recycling standard can be reached, and the water resource is utilized to the maximum extent.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for treating waste water of edible fungi in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a method for treating waste water of edible fungi comprises the following steps:

workshop production waste water gets rid of bold floater and suspended solid in the aquatic through the grid, gets into the equalizing basin, and the equal quality of water yield to add alkali and adjust waste water pH to neutral, then promote through the pump and get into the air supporting machine, through adding medicine air supporting, get rid of most suspended substance in the aquatic, reduce follow-up processing load. The effluent of the air floatation machine enters a buffer pool to reduce dissolved oxygen in water, then is lifted by a pump to enter an anaerobic reactor, most organic substances in the degraded water enter a subsequent A/O reaction pool, organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the water are degraded by the action of microorganisms and then enter an MBR pool, the MBR filters the produced water to enter an oxidation pool, ozone is added to decolor and remove partial residual organic matters, and finally the effluent reaches the standard and is discharged.

Residual sludge generated by the air floatation system and the biochemical system enters a sludge concentration tank, is lifted to a dehydrator for dehydration by a sludge pump after gravity concentration, is transported out periodically after dehydration with the water content of 75-80 percent and is treated by qualified units; and refluxing the supernatant of the concentration tank and the filtrate of the dehydrator to the regulating tank.

The high-load Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor consists of a sludge reaction zone, a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator (including a sedimentation zone) and a gas chamber. A large amount of anaerobic sludge is reserved in the bottom reaction zone, and sludge with good settling property and coagulation property forms a sludge layer at the lower part. The sewage to be treated flows into the anaerobic sludge bed from the bottom of the anaerobic sludge bed to be mixed and contacted with the sludge in the sludge bed, and the microorganisms in the sludge decompose the organic matters in the sewage and convert the organic matters into methane. The biogas is continuously discharged in the form of micro bubbles, the micro bubbles are continuously combined in the ascending process to gradually form larger bubbles, sludge with thinner sludge concentration is formed at the upper part of a sludge bed due to the stirring of the biogas and rises together with water to enter a three-phase separator, when the biogas touches a reflecting plate at the lower part of the separator, the biogas is folded around the reflecting plate, then the biogas passes through a water layer to enter a gas chamber and is concentrated in the gas chamber and is guided out by a guide pipe, a solid-liquid mixed liquid enters a settling zone of the three-phase separator through reflection, the sludge in the sewage is flocculated, particles are gradually increased, and the sludge is settled under the action of gravity. The sludge deposited on the inclined wall slides back to the anaerobic reaction zone along the inclined wall, so that a large amount of sludge is accumulated in the reaction zone, treated effluent separated from the sludge overflows from the upper part of an overflow weir of the deposition zone, and then is discharged out of a sludge bed.

Anaerobic treatment has the following advantages:

1. the sludge concentration is high, the organic load is high, and the hydraulic retention time is short;

2. the energy consumption is low, a large amount of methane can be recycled, and the wastewater is recycled;

3. the treatment cost is low, which is one tenth of that of aerobic treatment;

4. the sludge yield is low, and the dehydration is easy;

5. the demand for nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients is low;

6. can be operated discontinuously or seasonally.

The A/O biological denitrification process is a single-stage biochemical treatment method, and low molecular organic matters in water are degraded and consumed by microorganisms under the action of the microorganisms and finally become carbon dioxide and water.

In the A/O process, a front-section anoxic section and a rear-section aerobic section are connected in series, DO (dissolved oxygen) of the A section is not more than 0.5mg/L, and DO = 2-4 mg/L of the O section. The heterotrophic bacteria hydrolyze starch, fiber, carbohydrate and other suspended pollutants and soluble organic matters in the sewage into organic acid at an anoxic section, so that macromolecular organic matters are decomposed into micromolecular organic matters, insoluble organic matters are converted into soluble organic matters, and when products after anoxic hydrolysis enter an aerobic tank for aerobic treatment, the biodegradability and the oxygen efficiency of the sewage can be improved;

in an anoxic section, heterotrophic bacteria ammoniate pollutants such as protein, fat and the like (N on an organic chain or amino in amino acid) to release ammonia (NH 3 ammonia and NH4 +), under the condition of sufficient oxygen supply, nitrification of the autotrophic bacteria oxidizes NH3-N ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 +) into NO3-, and the NO 3-is returned to a pool A through backflow control, and under the anoxic condition, denitrification of the heterotrophic bacteria reduces NO 3-into molecular nitrogen (N2) to complete ecological circulation of C, N, O, so that sewage harmless treatment is realized.

The A/O method has stable and reliable process operation, impact load resistance, convenient management, no sludge bulking phenomenon and high removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in water.

The MBR process is a novel wastewater treatment technology organically combining a membrane separation technology and a biotechnology. Active sludge and macromolecular organic matters in a biochemical reaction tank are retained by utilizing membrane separation equipment, a secondary sedimentation tank is omitted, the occupied area is small, meanwhile, the concentration of the active sludge can be greatly improved, the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and the Sludge Retention Time (SRT) can be respectively controlled, and substances which are difficult to degrade are continuously reacted and degraded in a reactor. Thus, the membrane-bioreactor process greatly enhances the bioreactor function through membrane separation techniques

High pollutant removing rate, strong sludge expansion resistance, stable and reliable effluent quality and no suspended matter in the effluent.

The membrane bioreactor realizes the complete separation of the sludge age STR and the hydraulic retention time HRT of the reactor, and greatly simplifies the design and operation.

The loss of microorganisms is avoided by the mechanical interception effect of the membrane, the high sludge concentration can be kept in the bioreactor, so that the volume load can be increased, the sludge load can be reduced, and the MBR process omits a secondary sedimentation tank, so that the occupied area is greatly reduced.

Because the SRT is very long, the bioreactor also plays a role of a sludge nitrification tank, thereby obviously reducing the sludge yield, lowering the residual sludge yield and lowering the sludge treatment cost.

Because of the interception function of the membrane, the SRT is prolonged, and microorganisms which are beneficial to slow proliferation are created. Such as the growth environment of nitrifying bacteria, can improve the nitrification capacity of the system, and is beneficial to improving the treatment efficiency of the organic matter with the macromolecule difficult to degrade and promoting the thorough decomposition of the organic matter.

The active sludge of the MBR aeration tank is not lost due to water production, and in the operation process, the active sludge can be changed due to the change of the concentration of the organic matters entering the MBR aeration tank, and a dynamic balance is achieved, so that the system has the characteristics of stable water outlet and impact load resistance.

The large hydraulic circulation leads to the uniform mixing of the sewage, thereby leading the activated sludge to have good dispersibility and greatly improving the specific surface area of the activated sludge. The high degree of activated sludge dispersion in MBR systems is yet another reason to improve the effectiveness of water treatment. This is a method that is difficult to compare with the method that the common biochemical method water treatment technology forms larger zoogloea.

The membrane bioreactor is easy to integrate, easy to realize automatic control and convenient to operate and manage.

Sludge treatment

The sludge generated by the system is divided into two parts, namely sludge generated by suspended substances in water and biochemical sludge generated by a biochemical system, does not contain toxic and harmful substances, and can be transported or composted after sludge dehydration treatment.

The sludge dewatering method of the sewage treatment plant can be divided into two categories of natural drying and mechanical dewatering, and mechanical dewatering equipment comprises a plate-frame filter-press dehydrator, a belt-type filter-press dehydrator, a centrifugal dehydrator and a screw-stacking dehydrator.

The screw stacking body of the dehydrator is a filtering device formed by mutually stacking a fixed ring and a movable ring, a spiral shaft penetrates through the filtering device, and a filter seam formed between the fixed ring and the movable ring and the screw pitch of the spiral shaft are gradually reduced from a concentration part to a dehydration part. After the sludge enters the dehydrator, the sludge generates great internal pressure along with the gradual reduction of the filter seam and the screw pitch in the advancing process and under the blocking action of the back pressure plate, the volume is continuously reduced, and the purpose of full dehydration is achieved. Has the characteristics of small occupied area, power land and less cleaning water, and the market share is higher and higher.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The edible fungus wastewater treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device for implementing the treatment method comprises a mechanical grating, an adjusting tank, an air floatation machine, a buffer water tank, a UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) tank, an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank, an MBR (membrane bioreactor) tank, a disinfection tank, a clean water tank, a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system, an aeration pipeline, a fan and a pump;

submersible mixers are arranged in the regulating tank and the anaerobic tank, the regulating tank plays a role in regulating water quality, and the anaerobic tank prevents sludge strains from precipitating;

a three-phase separator is arranged in the UASB tank, so that solid, liquid and gas can be effectively separated;

further removing cod from the MBR membrane, and passing effluent through an ozone generator;

the method specifically comprises the following steps:

removing large floating objects and suspended matters in the wastewater through a grating, enabling the wastewater to enter an adjusting tank, equalizing the water quality and the water quantity, adding alkali to adjust the pH of the wastewater to be neutral, lifting the wastewater into an air floatation machine through a pump, and removing most suspended matters in the wastewater through chemical adding air floatation;

the effluent of the air flotation machine enters a buffer water tank to reduce dissolved oxygen in water, then is lifted by a pump to enter an anaerobic reactor to degrade most organic substances in the water, the effluent enters a subsequent A/O reaction tank, organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the water are degraded by the action of microorganisms and then enters an MBR tank, the effluent produced by MBR filtration enters an oxidation tank, ozone is added to decolor and remove part of residual organic matters;

residual sludge generated by the air floatation system and the biochemical system enters a sludge concentration tank, is lifted to a dehydrator for dehydration by a sludge pump after gravity concentration, is transported out periodically after dehydration with the water content of 75-80 percent and is treated by qualified units; and refluxing the supernatant of the concentration tank and the filtrate of the dehydrator to the regulating tank.

2. A method for treating waste water of edible fungi according to claim 1, characterized in that: sewage flows into the anaerobic sludge bed from the bottom of the anaerobic sludge bed to be mixed and contacted with sludge in the sludge layer, and microorganisms in the sludge decompose organic matters in the sewage and convert the organic matters into methane; the biogas is continuously discharged in the form of micro bubbles, the micro bubbles are continuously combined in the ascending process to gradually form larger bubbles, sludge with thinner sludge concentration is formed at the upper part of a sludge bed due to the stirring of the biogas and rises together with water to enter a three-phase separator, when the biogas touches a reflecting plate at the lower part of the separator, the biogas is folded to the periphery of the reflecting plate, then passes through a water layer to enter a gas chamber, is concentrated in the biogas in the gas chamber and is guided out by a guide pipe, a solid-liquid mixed liquid is reflected to enter a settling zone of the three-phase separator, the sludge in the sewage is flocculated, particles are gradually increased, and the sludge is settled under the action of; the sludge deposited on the inclined wall slides back to the anaerobic reaction zone along the inclined wall, so that a large amount of sludge is accumulated in the reaction zone, treated effluent separated from the sludge overflows from the upper part of an overflow weir of the deposition zone, and then is discharged out of a sludge bed.

3. A method for treating waste water of edible fungi according to claim 1, characterized in that: the A/O biological denitrification process is a single-stage biochemical treatment method, wherein low molecular organic matters in water are degraded and consumed by microorganisms under the action of the microorganisms and finally become carbon dioxide and water;

the A/O process is characterized in that a front-section anoxic section and a rear-section aerobic section are connected in series, DO (dissolved oxygen) of the A section is not more than 0.5mg/L, and DO of the O section = 2-4 mg/L; the heterotrophic bacteria hydrolyze starch, fiber, carbohydrate and other suspended pollutants and soluble organic matters in the sewage into organic acid at the anoxic section, so that macromolecular organic matters are decomposed into micromolecular organic matters, insoluble organic matters are converted into soluble organic matters, and when products after anoxic hydrolysis enter an aerobic tank for aerobic treatment, the biodegradability and the oxygen efficiency of the sewage can be improved.

4. A method for treating waste water of edible fungi according to claim 1, characterized in that: in an anoxic section, heterotrophic bacteria ammoniate pollutants such as protein, fat and the like (N on an organic chain or amino in amino acid) to release ammonia (NH 3 ammonia and NH4 +), under the condition of sufficient oxygen supply, nitrification of the autotrophic bacteria oxidizes NH3-N ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 +) into NO3-, and the NO 3-is returned to a pool A through backflow control, and under the anoxic condition, denitrification of the heterotrophic bacteria reduces NO 3-into molecular nitrogen (N2) to complete ecological circulation of C, N, O, so that sewage harmless treatment is realized.

5. A method for treating waste water of edible fungi according to claim 1, characterized in that: the screw stacking main body of the dehydrator is a filtering device formed by mutually stacking a fixed ring and a movable ring, a spiral shaft penetrates through the filtering device, and a filter seam formed between the fixed ring and the movable ring and the screw pitch of the spiral shaft are gradually reduced from a concentration part to a dehydration part;

after the sludge enters the dehydrator, the sludge generates great internal pressure along with the gradual reduction of the filter seam and the screw pitch in the advancing process and under the blocking action of the back pressure plate, the volume is continuously reduced, and the purpose of full dehydration is achieved.

Images