CN114275975B - Domestic sewage treatment device and method and application - Google Patents
Domestic sewage treatment device and method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN114275975B CN114275975B CN202111657683.4A CN202111657683A CN114275975B CN 114275975 B CN114275975 B CN 114275975B CN 202111657683 A CN202111657683 A CN 202111657683A CN 114275975 B CN114275975 B CN 114275975B
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- -1 cationic quaternary ammonium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 8
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Abstract
The invention provides a domestic sewage treatment device, a domestic sewage treatment method and application, and relates to the technical field of sewage treatment. The domestic sewage treatment device comprises a primary filter tank, a pretreatment tank, a biochemical tank, an adjusting tank, a purifying tank, a biological filter bed reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, an adsorption tank and a solar power supply device; the primary filter tank, the pretreatment tank, the biochemical tank, the regulating tank, the purifying tank, the biological filter bed reaction tank, the sedimentation tank and the adsorption tank are sequentially communicated. The device ensures the continuous treatment of sewage and has high treatment efficiency; the end of one treatment process can directly enter the next process, and the equipment is stable and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a domestic sewage treatment device, a domestic sewage treatment method and application.
Background
Rural domestic sewage mainly comes from daily production and living of residents, and comprises kitchen sewage, clean water, wastewater generated by livestock breeding, septic tank wastewater and the like. The pollutants contained in rural domestic sewage are mainly organic matters (such as proteins, carbohydrates, fat, urea, ammonia nitrogen and the like) and a large number of pathogenic microorganisms (such as parasitic ova, enteroviruses and the like).
With the improvement of rural living standard and the addition of a plurality of rural population, the discharge amount of domestic sewage is greatly increased, but the rural domestic sewage has wide dispersion range and is difficult to collect. Because the treatment facilities of the domestic sewage are not sound, many collected domestic sewage is not treated or is discharged to underground or nearby pit and river without reaching the standard, and rural water environment pollution is caused.
At present, rural domestic sewage is mainly treated by traditional biogas fermentation or industrial water purifying equipment, and the traditional biogas fermentation mode has poor treatment effect and simple function; the industrial water purifying equipment is affected by economic conditions, climate conditions and other factors in rural areas, and is insufficient in electric energy supply, and if the electric energy is utilized for domestic sewage treatment on a large scale, the industrial water purifying equipment can be in a shutdown or semi-shutdown state. Therefore, the existing rural sewage treatment has the defects of high power consumption and low sewage treatment efficiency.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The first aim of the invention is to provide a domestic sewage treatment device, which aims to solve the technical problems of high power consumption and low treatment efficiency in the prior art.
The second aim of the invention is to provide a domestic sewage treatment method which has low running cost, high treatment efficiency, stable effluent reaching the standard and is economical and environment-friendly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides a domestic sewage treatment device which comprises a primary filter tank, a pretreatment tank, a biochemical tank, an adjusting tank, a purifying tank, a biological filter bed reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, an adsorption tank and a solar power supply device.
The primary filter tank, the pretreatment tank, the biochemical tank, the regulating tank, the purifying tank, the biological filter bed reaction tank, the sedimentation tank and the adsorption tank are sequentially communicated.
Optionally, a secondary filtering tank is also arranged between the pretreatment tank and the biochemical tank.
Preferably, the pretreatment tank, the secondary filtration tank and the biochemical tank are communicated in sequence.
Optionally, the sedimentation tank is communicated with the purifying tank, and sediment generated by the sedimentation tank is treated by the purifying tank.
Optionally, an aeration pipeline is arranged inside the purifying tank.
Preferably, the aeration pipe is connected with an aerator.
Preferably, a stirring device is arranged inside the purifying tank.
Optionally, the inside coarse grain metallizing, well granule metallizing and fine particle metallizing that is equipped with from top to bottom in proper order of one-level filtering ponds.
Preferably, the particle size of coarse crushed stone in the coarse crushed stone layer is 25-35mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the medium crushed stone in the medium crushed stone layer is 10-15mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the fine crushed stone in the fine crushed stone layer is 1-3mm.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a domestic sewage treatment method, wherein the domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to the first aspect is mainly used for treating domestic sewage.
Wherein, the primary filter tank carries out solid-liquid separation on domestic sewage.
And a treating agent is arranged in the pretreatment tank, and reacts with effluent of the primary filter tank to reduce residual oil and phosphorus content.
Biological treatment bacteria are arranged in the biochemical tank, and the biological treatment bacteria remove organic matters from the effluent of the pretreatment tank.
The regulating tank is used for regulating the pH value of the effluent of the biochemical tank.
The purifying tank is internally provided with a reaction filler, and the reaction filler reacts with the effluent of the regulating tank to improve the oxygen content.
The biological filter bed reaction tank is internally provided with sludge ceramsite, and the sludge ceramsite and the effluent of the regulating tank are subjected to nitration reaction.
The sedimentation tank is used for precipitating the effluent of the biological filter bed reaction tank, the formed supernatant enters the adsorption tank, and the sediment at the bottom is returned to the purification tank for treatment.
And an adsorption medium is arranged in the adsorption tank, and the purified domestic sewage is obtained after pigment and ectopic molecules in the supernatant are adsorbed by the adsorption medium.
Optionally, the treating agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01 to 0.15 percent of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 5 to 10 percent of ferrous sulfate, 10 to 20 percent of polyaluminum chloride, 10 to 20 percent of aluminum chloride, 2 to 5 percent of potassium perchlorate, 5 to 10 percent of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
Preferably, the additive amount of the treating agent is 20g/L to 80g/L.
Optionally, the biological treatment bacteria include mucor, eubacterium elongatum, neurospora and aspergillus sojae.
Preferably, the CFU ratio of the mucor, the eubacterium elongatum, the neurospora and the aspergillus sojae is 10-15:5-10:3-5:8-11.
Preferably, the addition amount of the biological treatment bacteria is 10g/L-50g/L.
Preferably, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 0.5h-3h.
Preferably, the reaction time of the reaction filler and the effluent of the regulating tank is 0.2-2 h.
Optionally, the particle size of the sludge ceramsite is 8-14 mm.
Preferably, the density of the sludge ceramsite is 875-895kg/m 3 。
Preferably, the bulk density of the sludge ceramsite is 360-380kg/m 3 。
Preferably, the adsorption medium comprises activated carbon.
A third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the domestic sewage treatment apparatus of the first aspect or the domestic sewage treatment method of the second aspect for treating domestic sewage.
Preferably, the domestic sewage comprises rural household domestic sewage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the domestic sewage treatment device provided by the invention is provided with the solar power supply device, so that the electric energy supply in sewage treatment is realized, other electric energy is not required to be consumed, and the cost is saved. The domestic sewage treatment device is also provided with a primary filter tank, a pretreatment tank, a biochemical tank, an adjusting tank, a purifying tank, a biological filter bed reaction tank, a sedimentation tank and an adsorption tank which are communicated in sequence, so that continuous treatment of sewage is ensured, and the treatment efficiency is high; the end of one treatment process can directly enter the next process, and the equipment is stable and reliable.
2. The domestic sewage treatment method provided by the invention ensures that the effluent reaches DB12/889-2019 (discharge Standard of Water pollutants for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities). The process has continuous treatment process and high treatment efficiency, and reduces the operation cost.
3. The domestic sewage treatment device or the domestic sewage treatment process provided by the invention is applied to domestic sewage treatment, provides a device and a method with high treatment efficiency and good performance for domestic sewage treatment, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a domestic sewage treatment apparatus provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the purification tank in example 1.
Icon: 1-a first-stage filter tank; 2-a pretreatment pool; 3-an adjusting tank; 4-a purifying tank; 41-connecting pipes; 42-an electric motor; 43-a feed inlet; 44-stirring rod; 45-stirring the leaves; 46-an aerator; 47-drain; 48-a filter screen; 49-an aerator pipe; 5-a biological filter bed reaction tank; 6-a sedimentation tank; 7-an adsorption tank; 8-surface flow wetland; 81-a substrate layer; 82-wetland plants; 830-solar power supply means; 9-a secondary filtering tank; 10-a biochemical pool.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. The terms "primary," "secondary," "tertiary," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a domestic sewage treatment device, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, and the domestic sewage treatment device comprises a primary filter tank 1, a pretreatment tank 2, a biochemical tank 10, an adjusting tank 3, a purifying tank 4, a biological filter bed reaction tank 5, a sedimentation tank 6, an adsorption tank 7 and a solar power supply device 830.
The primary filter tank 1, the pretreatment tank 2, the biochemical tank 10, the regulating tank 3, the purifying tank 4, the biological filter bed reaction tank 5, the sedimentation tank 6 and the adsorption tank 7 are sequentially communicated.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the primary filter tank 1, the pretreatment tank 2, the biochemical tank 10, the conditioning tank 3, the purification tank 4, the biological filter bed reaction tank 5, the sedimentation tank 6, and the adsorption tank 7 are communicated by a pump.
The pump is typically, but not limited to, a high pressure pump.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a secondary filter tank 9 is further provided between the pretreatment tank 2 and the biochemical tank 10.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment tank 2, the secondary filtration tank 9 and the biochemical tank 10 are sequentially communicated by a pump.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the sedimentation tank 6 and the purification tank 4 are communicated by a sludge pump, and the sediment generated in the sedimentation tank 6 is treated by the purification tank 4.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a surface flow wetland 8 is provided behind the adsorption tank 7 for receiving purified domestic sewage discharged from the adsorption tank 7. The surface-flow wetland 8 is provided with a substrate layer 81, and wetland plants 82 are planted on the substrate layer 81, wherein the wetland plants 82 comprise one or more of canna, cress, lythrum, eichhornia crassipes, and Eichhornia crassipes.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface-flow wetland 8 is covered with a geomembrane for preventing the loss of the matrix layer 81.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a solar power supply device 830 is disposed within the surface flow wetland 8, and the solar power supply device 830 includes a solar photovoltaic module, and a battery and a controller for storing electric energy. The solar photovoltaic module absorbs light energy and generates electricity, the converted electric energy is stored in the storage battery, and the storage battery provides electric energy for each high-pressure pump and the sludge pump through the controller.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, an aeration pipe 49 is provided inside the purifying tank 4, aeration ports are uniformly provided on the aeration pipe 49, and the aeration pipe 49 is connected to the aerator 46.
In one embodiment of the invention, the purifying tank 4 is provided with a feed inlet 43, a motor 42 is fixed at the top of the purifying tank 4, an output shaft of the motor 42 is fixedly connected with a stirring rod 44, and a plurality of groups of stirring blades 45 are arranged on the stirring rod 44. The bottom of the purifying tank 4 is provided with a liquid discharge pipe 47, a filter screen 48 is arranged at the inlet end of the liquid discharge pipe 47, and the purifying tank 4 is provided with a connecting pipe 41 connected with a mud discharge pipe.
By adopting the scheme, the feeding hole 43 is used for adding the filler, and the stirring rod 44 and the stirring blade 45 are driven by the starting motor to rotate when the aerator 46 works, so that the contact area between the filler and the domestic sewage is increased, and the oxygen content of the domestic sewage is improved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a domestic sewage treatment method, which comprises the following technical processes:
[ Primary Filter tank ]
The primary filter tank is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on domestic sewage, the domestic sewage passes through the coarse-grain gravel layer, the medium-grain gravel layer and the fine-grain gravel layer, and pollutant particles in the domestic sewage are trapped in gaps on the surface or in the gravel layer, so that the solid-liquid separation process is realized.
Preferably, the inflow rate of the domestic sewage is 300L/d-600L/d.
In some embodiments of the invention, the influent flow rate of domestic wastewater is typically, but not limited to, 300L/d, 350L/d, 400L/d, 450L/d, 500L/d, 550L/d, or 600L/d.
The inside of the primary filter tank is sequentially provided with a coarse gravel layer, a medium gravel layer and a fine gravel layer from top to bottom, wherein the particle size of coarse gravel in the coarse gravel layer is 25-35mm; the particle size of medium crushed stone in the medium crushed stone layer is 10-15mm; the particle size of the fine crushed stone in the fine crushed stone layer is 1-3mm.
In some embodiments of the present examples, coarse-grained crushed stone has a particle size of typically, but not limited to, 25mm, 26mm, 27mm, 28mm, 29mm, 30mm, 31mm, 32mm, 33mm, 34mm, or 35mm; the particle size of the medium crushed stone is typically, but not limited to, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm or 15mm; the particle size of the fine crushed stone is typically, but not limited to, 1mm, 2mm or 3mm.
[ pretreatment pool ]
And a treating agent is arranged in the pretreatment tank, and reacts with effluent of the primary filter tank to reduce residual oil and phosphorus content.
Optionally, the treating agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01 to 0.15 percent of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 5 to 10 percent of ferrous sulfate, 10 to 20 percent of polyaluminum chloride, 10 to 20 percent of aluminum chloride, 2 to 5 percent of potassium perchlorate, 5 to 10 percent of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass percent of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant in the treatment agent is typically, but not limited to, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14% or 0.15%; the mass percent of ferrous sulfate is typically, but not limited to, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%; the mass percent of polyaluminum chloride is typically, but not limited to, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20%; the mass percent of aluminum chloride is typically, but not limited to, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20%; the mass percent of potassium perchlorate is typically, but not limited to, 2%, 3%, 4% or 5%; the mass percent of aluminum sulfate is typically, but not limited to, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%.
Preferably, the additive amount of the treating agent is 20g/L to 80g/L.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the treatment agent is typically added in an amount of, but not limited to, 20g/L, 30g/L, 40g/L, 50g/L, 60g/L, 70g/L, or 80g/L.
The treating agent can flocculate with residual oil and form precipitate with phosphide, so as to reduce residual oil and phosphorus content in domestic sewage.
Preferably, a secondary filter tank is arranged behind the pretreatment tank and is used for filtering sediment formed in the pretreatment process and reducing the residual oil and phosphorus content of the effluent.
[ Biochemical pool ]
Biological treatment bacteria are arranged in the biochemical tank, and the biological treatment bacteria remove organic matters from the effluent of the pretreatment tank. Optionally, the biological treatment bacteria include mucor, eubacterium elongatum, neurospora and aspergillus sojae.
The mucor, the eubacterium elongatum, the alternaria and the aspergillus sojae are mutually coordinated and matched to form a microbial system capable of efficiently treating domestic sewage, and the microbial system has the capability of degrading grease, starch and cellulose and can also effectively reduce the release of hydrogen sulfide.
Preferably, the CFU ratio of the mucor, the eubacterium elongatum, the neurospora and the aspergillus sojae is 10-15:5-10:3-5:8-11.
In some embodiments of the invention, the CFU ratio of the mucor, the eubacterium elongatum, the neurospora and the aspergillus sojae is typically, but not limited to, 10:5:3:8, 12:7:5:9, or 15:10:5:11.
Preferably, the addition amount of the biological treatment bacteria is 10g/L-50g/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, the amount of the biologically treated bacteria added is typically, but not limited to, 10g/L, 20g/L, 30g/L, 40g/L, or 50g/L.
Preferably, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 0.5h-3h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is typically, but not limited to, 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h, or 3h.
In some embodiments of the invention, mucor, eubacterium elongatum, neurospora and Aspergillus sojae are inoculated onto acclimatized medium, cultured at 25℃for 30 hours, and added to a biochemical tank.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the acclimatizing medium comprises glucose at a concentration of 0.20g/L, peptone at a concentration of 0.12g/L, beef extract at a concentration of 0.15g/L, 0.05g/L (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 。
[ Conditioning pool ]
The regulating tank is used for regulating the pH value of the effluent of the biochemical tank.
Preferably, the pH of the effluent from the regulating tank is 7-9.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pH of the conditioning pond effluent is typically, but not limited to, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5 or 9.
[ purifying pond ]
The purifying tank is internally provided with a reaction filler, and the reaction filler reacts with the effluent of the regulating tank to improve the oxygen content.
In some embodiments of the invention, the reactive filler is typically, but not limited to, MBBR filler.
Preferably, the reaction time of the reaction filler and the effluent of the regulating tank is 0.2-2 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the reaction time of the reactive filler with the effluent of the conditioning tank is typically, but not limited to, 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, or 2h.
[ biological Filter reaction tank ]
The biological filter bed reaction tank is internally provided with sludge ceramsite, and the sludge ceramsite and the effluent of the regulating tank are subjected to nitration reaction.
Optionally, the particle size of the sludge ceramsite is 8-14 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sludge ceramsite typically has a particle size of, but not limited to, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm or 14mm.
Preferably, the density of the sludge ceramsite is 875-895kg/m 3 。
In some embodiments of the invention, the density of the sludge ceramsite is typically, but not limited to 875kg/m 3 、880kg/m 3 、885kg/m 3 Or 895kg/m 3 。
Preferably, the bulk density of the sludge ceramsite is 360-380kg/m 3 。
In some embodiments of the invention, the sludge ceramsite has a bulk density of typically, but not limited to, 360kg/m 3 、365kg/m 3 、370kg/m 3 、375kg/m 3 Or 380kg/m 3 。
[ sedimentation tank ]
The sedimentation tank is used for precipitating the effluent of the biological filter bed reaction tank, the formed supernatant enters the adsorption tank, and the sediment at the bottom is returned to the purification tank for treatment.
Precipitation refers to the separation of solids from liquids by settling due to density differences.
In some embodiments of the invention, denitrifying bacteria are added into the sedimentation tank to carry out denitrification treatment, nitrogen in nitrate is reduced into nitrogen gas to be discharged, and nitrogen content in sewage is reduced.
[ adsorption pool ]
And an adsorption medium is arranged in the adsorption tank, and the purified domestic sewage is obtained after pigment and ectopic molecules in the supernatant are adsorbed by the adsorption medium.
Preferably, the adsorption medium comprises activated carbon.
Test example 1
The test example adopts the domestic sewage treatment device provided by the figure 3 in the embodiment 1 and the domestic sewage treatment method provided by the embodiment 2 to treat domestic sewage for rural households, and specifically comprises the steps of introducing the domestic sewage into a primary filter tank, wherein the inflow water flow is 300L/d. The addition amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 80g/L. The addition amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 20g/L. The components in the treating agent comprise: 0.01wt.% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 5wt.% of ferrous sulfate, 10wt.% of polyaluminum chloride, 10wt.% of aluminum chloride, 2wt.% of potassium perchlorate, 5wt.% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
The adding amount of biological treatment bacteria in the biochemical tank is 10g/L, the CFU ratio of mucor, eubacterium elongatum, alternaria and aspergillus sojae in the biological treatment bacteria is 10:5:3:8, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 0.5h, the pH value of sewage is regulated to 7 in the regulating tank, and then the sewage is sent into the purifying tank for treatment for 0.2h, so that purified domestic sewage is obtained.
Test example 2
The test example adopts the domestic sewage treatment device provided by the figure 3 in the embodiment 1 and the domestic sewage treatment method provided by the embodiment 2 to treat domestic sewage for rural households, and specifically comprises the steps of introducing the domestic sewage into a primary filter tank, wherein the inflow water flow is 400L/d. The addition amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 20g/L. The components in the treating agent comprise: 0.15wt.% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 10wt.% of ferrous sulfate, 20wt.% of polyaluminum chloride, 20wt.% of aluminum chloride, 5wt.% of potassium perchlorate, 10wt.% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
The adding amount of biological treatment bacteria in the biochemical tank is 50g/L, the CFU ratio of mucor, eubacterium elongatum, alternaria and aspergillus sojae in the biological treatment bacteria is 15:10:5:11, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 1h, the pH value of sewage is regulated to 8 in the regulating tank, and the sewage is sent into the purifying tank for treatment for 2h, so that purified domestic sewage is obtained.
Test example 3
The experimental example adopts the domestic sewage treatment device provided by the figure 3 in the embodiment 1 and the domestic sewage treatment method provided by the embodiment 2 to treat domestic sewage for rural households, and specifically comprises the steps of introducing the domestic sewage into a primary filter tank, wherein the inflow water flow is 500L/d. The addition amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 40g/L. The components in the treating agent comprise: 0.1wt.% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 8wt.% of ferrous sulfate, 15wt.% of polyaluminum chloride, 15wt.% of aluminum chloride, 4wt.% of potassium perchlorate, 8wt.% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
The adding amount of biological treatment bacteria in the biochemical tank is 40g/L, the CFU ratio of mucor, eubacterium elongatum, alternaria and aspergillus sojae in the biological treatment bacteria is 12:8:4:10, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 3h, the pH value of sewage is regulated to 9 in the regulating tank, and the sewage is sent into the purifying tank for treatment for 1h, so that purified domestic sewage is obtained.
Test example 4
The test example adopts the domestic sewage treatment device provided by the figure 3 in the embodiment 1 and the domestic sewage treatment method provided by the embodiment 2 to treat domestic sewage for rural households, and specifically comprises the steps of introducing the domestic sewage into a primary filter tank, wherein the inflow rate is 600L/d. The addition amount of the treating agent in the pretreatment tank is 60g/L. The components in the treating agent comprise: 0.12wt.% of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 8wt.% of ferrous sulfate, 10wt.% of polyaluminum chloride, 20wt.% of aluminum chloride, 4wt.% of potassium perchlorate, 5wt.% of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
The adding amount of biological treatment bacteria in the biochemical tank is 40g/L, the CFU ratio of mucor, eubacterium elongatum, alternaria and aspergillus sojae in the biological treatment bacteria is 15:7:4:11, the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 2h, the pH value of sewage is regulated to 7 in the regulating tank, and the sewage is sent into the purifying tank for treatment for 2h, so that purified domestic sewage is obtained.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is different from test example 1 in that no biochemical tank is provided in the domestic sewage treatment device, and the rest devices and steps are the same as those in test example 1, and are not described here again.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is different from test example 2 in that no biochemical tank is provided in the domestic sewage treatment device, and the rest devices and steps are the same as those in test example 2, and are not described here again.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example is different from test example 3 in that no biochemical tank is provided in the domestic sewage treatment device, and the rest devices and steps are the same as those in test example 3, and are not described here again.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example is different from test example 4 in that no biochemical tank is provided in the domestic sewage treatment device, and the rest devices and steps are the same as those in test example 4, and are not described here again.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example is used for treating rural household domestic sewage, the used equipment is an intelligent integrated sewage purification system, the specification is ICWT-B-100, and the manufacturer is Beijing Biwater source science and technology Co., ltd.
Verification example 1
The purified domestic sewage obtained in test examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 5 was subjected to water quality detection, and the detection methods of SS, COD, BOD, TN and TP were carried out according to the methods in DB12/889-2019 "rural domestic sewage treatment facility Water pollutant emission Standard". The data results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water quality test results before and after treatment (unit: mg/L)
The removal rate is a ratio of a difference in concentration of a certain component of the domestic sewage before and after the treatment to a concentration of a certain component of the domestic sewage before the treatment.
As can be seen from Table 1, in test examples 1 to 4, the removal rates of SS, COD, BOD, TN and TP were significantly higher than those of the sewage treatment apparatuses of comparative examples 1 to 5, indicating that the addition of a biochemical tank between the secondary filtration tank and the adjustment tank for the treatment of domestic sewage can improve the removal rates of SS, COD, BOD, TN and TP, and that the removal rates of SS, COD, BOD, TN and TP were higher for domestic sewage treated by the sewage treatment apparatus and the sewage treatment method of the present invention than for commercially available water purification apparatuses.
Verification example 2
The amounts of electricity stored in the solar power supply devices and the amounts of electricity consumed by the pumps in test examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were counted, and the data results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 electric power storage and consumption data table
As can be seen from Table 2, the solar photovoltaic control system provided by the invention has the electricity storage capacity of 80kWh, and when domestic sewage is treated, the sum of the total electricity consumption of each high-pressure pump and the sludge pump in test examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4 is obviously smaller than the electricity storage capacity of the solar photovoltaic control system, so that the solar device provided by the invention can supply the electricity of each high-pressure pump and the sludge pump without consuming other electricity, and the cost is saved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (17)
1. The domestic sewage treatment device is characterized by comprising a primary filter tank, a pretreatment tank, a biochemical tank, an adjusting tank, a purifying tank, a biological filter bed reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, an adsorption tank and a solar power supply device;
wherein, the primary filter tank performs solid-liquid separation on domestic sewage;
a treating agent is arranged in the pretreatment tank, and reacts with effluent of the primary filter tank to reduce residual oil and phosphorus content;
biological treatment bacteria are arranged in the biochemical tank, and the biological treatment bacteria remove organic matters from effluent of the pretreatment tank;
the regulating tank is used for regulating the pH value of the effluent of the biochemical tank;
the inside of the purifying tank is provided with a reaction filler, and the reaction filler reacts with the effluent of the regulating tank to improve the oxygen content;
the biological filter bed reaction tank is internally provided with sludge ceramsite, and the sludge ceramsite and the effluent of the regulating tank are subjected to nitration reaction;
the sedimentation tank is used for precipitating the effluent of the biological filter bed reaction tank, the formed supernatant enters the adsorption tank, and the sediment at the bottom is returned to the purification tank for treatment;
an adsorption medium is arranged in the adsorption tank, and the adsorption medium adsorbs pigments and ectopic molecules in the supernatant to obtain purified domestic sewage;
the primary filter tank, the pretreatment tank, the biochemical tank, the regulating tank, the purifying tank, the biological filter bed reaction tank, the sedimentation tank and the adsorption tank are sequentially communicated;
an aeration pipeline is arranged in the purifying tank and connected with an aerator, and a stirring device is arranged in the purifying tank;
a coarse particle gravel layer, a medium particle gravel layer and a fine particle gravel layer are sequentially arranged in the primary filter tank from top to bottom;
the particle size of coarse-grain broken stone in the coarse-grain broken stone layer is 25-35mm, the particle size of medium-grain broken stone in the medium-grain broken stone layer is 10-15mm, and the particle size of fine-grain broken stone in the fine-grain broken stone layer is 1-3mm.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a secondary filter tank is further provided between the pretreatment tank and the biochemical tank.
3. The domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pretreatment tank, the secondary filtration tank and the biochemical tank are sequentially communicated.
4. The domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sedimentation tank is communicated with the purification tank, and the sediment produced in the sedimentation tank is treated by the purification tank.
5. The domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the treating agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01 to 0.15 percent of cationic quaternary ammonium salt type polyacrylamide flocculant, 5 to 10 percent of ferrous sulfate, 10 to 20 percent of polyaluminum chloride, 10 to 20 percent of aluminum chloride, 2 to 5 percent of potassium perchlorate, 5 to 10 percent of aluminum sulfate and the balance of water.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the treatment agent is added in an amount of 20g/L to 80g/L.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the biological treatment bacteria include mucor, eubacterium elongatum, neurospora and aspergillus sojae.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the CFU ratio of the mucor, the eubacterium elongatum, the neurospora and the aspergillus sojae is 10-15:5-10:3-5:8-11.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the biological treatment bacteria added is 10g/L to 50g/L.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the treatment time of the biological treatment bacteria is 0.5h to 3h.
11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reaction time of the reaction filler with the effluent of the regulating tank is 0.2h to 2h.
12. The domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sludge ceramsite has a particle size of 8mm to 14mm.
13. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the density of the sludge ceramsite is 875-895kg/m 3 。
14. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sludge ceramsite has a bulk density of 360-380kg/m 3 。
15. The domestic sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the adsorption medium comprises activated carbon.
16. Use of a domestic sewage treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 15 for treating domestic sewage.
17. The use of claim 16, wherein the domestic sewage comprises rural domestic sewage.
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