CN113024012A - Distributed household sewage treatment equipment and sewage treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Distributed household sewage treatment equipment and sewage treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
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- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed household sewage treatment device which comprises a septic tank, a biochemical reaction tank, a reinforced phosphorus removal filter tank, a clean water tank, a control system and a water pump, wherein the septic tank is arranged in a plurality of grids, a self-flow device is arranged between each grid of the septic tank arranged in the plurality of grids, sewage enters the biochemical reaction tank through an overflow device after being treated by the septic tank, the biochemical reaction tank comprises a liquid level sensor, filler in a biochemical reaction area, an air pump and an electromagnetic valve, the biochemical reaction tank is communicated with the reinforced phosphorus removal filter tank through a self-flow pipe, suspended phosphorus removal filler is filled in the reinforced phosphorus removal filter tank, and the sewage enters the septic tank, the biochemical reaction tank and the reinforced phosphorus removal filter tank through a water inlet pipe and then enters the clean water. Through the mode, the device can automatically adjust and treat according to the water consumption habits and water quantities of residents, and is used as a supplement for a rural integrated sewage treatment device commonly used in the market.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a distributed household sewage treatment device and a sewage treatment method thereof.
Background
Combining with the requirement of improving water quality, the villages around the 'good water' and 'poor water' are the key points for comprehensive regulation of rural environment in China. The main tasks of rural environment comprehensive treatment comprise rural drinking water source area protection and rural domestic sewage treatment. And selecting rural domestic sewage treatment technology and mode according to local conditions. When rural environment-friendly practical technologies are selected in various places, a technical mode is reasonably determined according to factors such as population density, landform, climate type and economic conditions of villages; the construction cost is considered, and the operation and maintenance cost is considered; the relation between the technical practicability and the technical uniformity is well processed, and the phenomenon that the technology is multiple, complicated, scattered and disordered is avoided.
The rural area has a plurality of pollution points and a wide range, and the conditions in various regions are different. Some villages are located at the urban and rural junction and are densely populated; some are located in remote mountain areas and have dispersed residence; in some sensitive areas of water, the water ecology is fragile. Different places need different solutions, some are suitable for centralized processing, and some are suitable for distributed processing. However, some places are simple in mode in work, the rural problems are solved by using the urban sewage treatment mode, and county-level sewage treatment plants are extended to rural areas, so that the problems are difficult to avoid. In addition, the rural financial resources are limited, the sewage treatment system is low in construction cost and operation cost, and the sewage treatment system is more vital after being used easily. Part cadres and students propose to break the urban and rural binary structure and perfect rural pollution control planning so as to solve the problem of breaking pollution in the lower rural area.
Aiming at various pain points that living in rural areas in China is dispersed, the terrain is complex, the construction investment of a sewage treatment pipe network is large, incoming water of integrated sewage equipment is influenced by water using habits, the treatment effect is poor in the peak time of the incoming water, excessive aeration causes excessive oxidation reduction of sludge in the valley time of the incoming water, the living dispersion causes the construction of an adjusting tank, a septic tank and the sewage equipment at the same time, the overall investment cost is high, the occupied area is large, the operation and maintenance cost of the sewage treatment equipment is high, the treatment effect is not obvious and the like.
At present, the integrated sewage treatment equipment developed at home and abroad adopts a continuous operation mode with an A/O, A2/O process as a main process, and the equipment still operates in a time period with less water consumption in rural areas, so that energy consumption is wasted.
SBR is a short-name of a sequencing batch activated sludge process, and is an activated sludge sewage treatment technology which operates in an intermittent aeration mode, and the SBR technology is usually used for large-scale sewage treatment, and is suitable for occasions with intermittent discharge and large flow change because the SBR technology integrates the functions of sewage homogenization, biodegradation, nitrification, denitrification, precipitation and the like into a whole, sludge backflow is not needed, and the SBR technology is suitable for the occasions with large intermittent discharge and flow change. Compared with other processes, the process is simple, the excess sludge treatment is troublesome, the investment and investment are saved, the occupied area is small, the operation cost is low, the organic load and the toxic load impact are resisted, the operation mode is flexible, and because the process is static precipitation, the effluent effect is good, the anaerobic (anoxic) and aerobic processes are alternately generated, the sludge age is short, the activity is high, and the good denitrification and dephosphorization effect is achieved. The general SBR process is complex in control, needs to be matched with a decanter, and is high in price due to the cost of a control system and equipment.
Therefore, in order to further improve the rural domestic sewage treatment in the living decentralized region, a household decentralized sewage treatment device which automatically adjusts the treatment time according to the water volume, is simple to operate and maintain, has a good treatment effect and is low in operation cost is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a decentralized household sewage treatment device and a sewage treatment method thereof, which can automatically adjust the treatment time according to the water volume, are simple to operate and maintain, have good treatment effect and low operation cost, are mainly used for automatically adjusting and treating the daily production of domestic sewage which is scattered in living, has complex terrain and is less than 1t according to the water consumption habits of residents and the water volume, and are used as the supplement of a rural integrated sewage treatment device which is commonly used in the market.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the utility model provides a distributed household sewage treatment equipment, septic tank, biochemical reaction pond, the enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond, clean water basin, control system and the water pump that set up including many check, install the free flow device between every check of septic tank that many check set up, sewage gets into the biochemical reaction pond through overflow arrangement after the septic tank is handled, the biochemical reaction pond includes level sensor, biochemical reaction district filler, air pump and solenoid valve, the biochemical reaction pond is through flowing automatically pipe and enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond intercommunication, the intussuseption of enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond packs suspension dephosphorization filler, sewage gets into the clean water basin again after the inlet tube gets into septic tank, biochemical reaction pond and enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond and handles.
Further, the septic tank is three manure pits of formatting promptly first manure pit, second manure pit and third manure pit of formatting, first manure pit of formatting is flowed with the second manure pit through first manure pit and is communicated with each other, second manure pit is flowed with the third manure pit through second manure pit elbow that flows automatically.
Further, a drainage overflow pipe of the clean water tank is connected with a toilet flushing pipeline, a greening pipeline or an irrigation pipeline, and an automatic pressurizing recycling water pump controlled by a pressure switch is installed on the drainage overflow pipe.
Further, a contact type disinfection box is arranged in the clean water tank, and a chlorine sheet is placed in the contact type disinfection box.
Furthermore, the bottom of the enhanced phosphorus removal filter tank is provided with an upflow phosphorus removal filter bed, suspended phosphorus removal filler is filled in the upflow phosphorus removal filter bed, and the suspended phosphorus removal filler is made of inorganic mineral substances such as silicon, calcium and the like.
Further, be provided with the tuber pipe in the biochemical reaction pond, the tuber pipe links to each other with the fan, enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond bottom sets up the strip and arranges the mud pipeline, enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond is provided with mud return line.
A distributed household sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, sewage generated by farmers enters a septic tank, and the sewage overflows into a biochemical reaction tank after being treated by the septic tank;
2) the biochemical reaction tank adopts an improved SBR process, the operation batches are controlled by a built-in liquid level sensor, the operation is controlled by an air pump and an electromagnetic valve control system, two batches are generally processed every day according to a water inflow period, each batch is divided into five stages, namely an aerobic stage, an anoxic stage, a precipitation stage, a drainage stage and a dormancy stage, the time from the aerobic stage to the drainage stage can be adjusted according to requirements, and the dormancy stage is controlled according to the actual water amount of incoming water;
3) after biological treatment of the biochemical reaction tank is finished, the sewage enters the bottom of an upflow type dephosphorization filter bed area through a built-in water distribution pipe, the filter bed is filled with suspended dephosphorization filler, biochemical sludge loss is intercepted, residual total phosphorus is removed, the whole filter bed is in a facultative state, a biological film grows on the filler, residual organic matters can be further digested and simultaneously nitrified and denitrified, the biological film finally falls off along with aged sludge and flows to the biochemical reaction tank through a sludge backflow pipeline, and the number of strains in the biochemical reaction area is reserved to the maximum extent;
4) finally treated by the enhanced dephosphorization filter tank, enters a clean water tank, a contact type disinfection box is arranged in the clean water tank, chlorine tablets in the disinfection box are periodically added, and the chlorine tablets are discharged or recycled after disinfection
Further, in the step 1), solid matters with larger specific gravity and parasitic ova and the like are precipitated in the first grid septic tank, scum with lighter specific gravity floats on the upper layer, the two substances are subjected to anaerobic fermentation and decomposition, and sewage with clarified middle flows into the second grid septic tank through the bent pipe at the middle lower part of the first grid septic tank;
the second-grid septic tank is used for continuously fermenting the relatively clear sewage, the parasitic ova and the like sink and die gradually, part of organic matters generate scum to float upwards after being fermented, the scum and the sediment in the second grid are obviously reduced after anaerobic fermentation and decomposition of the first-grid septic tank, and the relatively clear sewage in the middle automatically flows into a third-grid septic tank through a bent pipe in the middle of the second-grid septic tank;
the organic matters in the third septic tank are decomposed, and pathogenic bacteria and parasite eggs are basically killed. The third function is to store the sediment and the sewage with the germ and egg killed.
Further, the step 2) is stage one: in the aerobic stage, after the liquid level meets the starting requirement, the air pump is automatically started, the electromagnetic valve at the stripping drainage end is closed, the biochemical aerobic aeration stage begins, the biochemical aerobic aeration stage enters the anoxic stage after the aeration is finished, the aeration time is 4-10h, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 3-4mg/L, and the sludge load is less than or equal to 0.1kgBOD5/kgMLSS d;
and a second stage: an anoxic stage, namely entering the anoxic stage after the aerobic stage is finished, stopping the operation of an air pump, and controlling the air pump to intermittently aerate and stir in the anoxic stage to discharge nitrogen generated by denitrification in time because the filler has large specific surface area and high sludge concentration and nitrification and denitrification are synchronously performed, so that the anoxic stage has short retention time of 2-4 h;
and a third stage: a sedimentation stage, namely entering the sedimentation stage after the anoxic stage, wherein after aeration and stirring are stopped because the density of the filler in the biochemical region is slightly larger than that of water, the biofilm and the zoogloea on the surface of the filler can adsorb suspended matters and quickly sediment in a short time, and the retention time of the sedimentation stage is controlled to be 0.5-1h, so that the sedimentation effect is ensured;
and a fourth stage: a water drainage stage, namely after the precipitation stage is finished, entering a water drainage stage, draining water by adopting steam stripping for rapid drainage, starting an air pump at the stage, starting a solenoid valve at the drainage end, enabling all air quantity to enter a stripping pipe for drainage due to liquid level difference between an aeration pipe and a drainage pipe, controlling the drainage liquid level by a drainage system, finishing drainage after the drainage reaches a certain liquid level, and entering a dormancy stage after the drainage is finished;
and a fifth stage: and in the dormant stage, the main function of the dormant stage is a water inlet stage, the anaerobic and pre-anoxic functions are integrated, after the drainage is finished, the system enters the dormant stage, the power equipment stops running in the dormant stage, and the first stage is immediately started after the water inlet liquid level meets the requirement. .
The distributed household sewage treatment equipment and the sewage treatment method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts an improved SBR process as a basis according to the drainage characteristics, combines the advantages of the SBR process and the MBBR process, and finishes COD and ammonia nitrogen removal and denitrification in a biological reaction tank.
2. The power equipment only has 1 air pump, is controlled by the liquid level sensor and the electromagnetic valve, and has the advantages of less failure rate, less maintenance, low cost and simple operation.
3. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of smaller reactor volume, high sludge concentration, good removal effect, energy consumption saving and the like, the effluent quality stably reaches the first class B standard of pollutant discharge Standard of urban Sewage treatment plant (GB18918-2002), and the treatment effect is stable.
4. The reactor is controlled to operate by water inflow, and the reactor enters a dormant period when the water amount is low, so that the energy consumption is saved.
5. By combining the biomembrane with SBR technology, aerobic and anoxic reactions are completed in the same reaction tank, the whole equipment has compact structure, and the equipment investment cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a domestic sewage treatment plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a household sewage treatment plant of the present invention.
1. A water inlet pipe; 2. a first septic tank; 3. a first grid septic tank gravity pipe; 4. a second septic tank; 5. a second septic tank gravity flow elbow; 6. a third septic tank; 7. a liquid level sensor; 8. a biochemical reaction tank; 9. filling materials in the biochemical reaction area; 10. an aeration pipeline; 11. a steam stripping drain pipe; 12. strengthening a dephosphorization filter tank and dephosphorization filler; 13. a sludge return line; 14. a fan; 15. a clean water tank; 16. automatically pressurizing and recycling the water pump; 17. and (4) a drainage overflow pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of these preferred embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings and described in accordance with the drawings are exemplary only, and the invention is not limited to these embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not so relevant to the present invention are omitted.
Also, in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, an embodiment of the present invention includes: the utility model provides a distributed household sewage treatment equipment, septic tank, biochemical reaction tank 8, the enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond that sets up including many check, clear water basin 15, control system and water pump, install the gravity flow device between every check of septic tank that many check set up, sewage gets into biochemical reaction tank 8 through overflow arrangement after the septic tank is handled, biochemical reaction tank 8 includes level sensor 7, biochemical reaction district filler 9, air pump and solenoid valve, biochemical reaction tank 8 is through the gravity flow pipe and the enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond intercommunication, the intussuseption of enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond intussuseption suspension dephosphorization filler 12, sewage reentrants clear water basin 15 after inlet tube 1 gets into septic tank, biochemical reaction tank 8 and the enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond is handled.
Further, an aeration pipeline 10 and a stripping drain pipe 11 are arranged in the biochemical reaction tank, and the ends of the aeration pipeline 10 and the stripping drain pipe are connected with a fan 14.
Further, the septic tank is three manure pits of formatting promptly first manure pit 2, second manure pit and third manure pit of formatting, first manure pit 2 of formatting communicates with each other with second manure pit 4 through first manure pit artesian pipe 3 of formatting, second manure pit 4 communicates with each other with third manure pit 6 through second manure pit artesian elbow pipe 5 of formatting.
Further, a drainage overflow pipe 17 of the clean water tank 15 is connected with a toilet flushing pipeline, a greening pipeline or an irrigation pipeline, and an automatic pressurizing and recycling water pump 16 controlled by a pressure switch is installed on the drainage overflow pipe.
Further, a contact type disinfection box is arranged in the clean water tank 15, and a chlorine tablet is placed in the contact type disinfection box.
Furthermore, the bottom of the enhanced phosphorus removal filter is an upflow phosphorus removal filter bed, the upflow phosphorus removal filter bed is filled with suspended phosphorus removal filler 12, and the suspended phosphorus removal filler 12 is made of inorganic mineral substances such as silicon, calcium and the like.
Further, be provided with the tuber pipe in the biochemical reaction pond, the tuber pipe links to each other with the fan, the enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond bottom sets up the strip and arranges the mud pipeline, the enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond is provided with mud return line 13.
A distributed household sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, sewage generated by farmers enters a septic tank, and the sewage overflows into a biochemical reaction tank after being treated by the septic tank;
2) the biochemical reaction tank adopts an improved SBR process, the operation batches are controlled by a built-in liquid level sensor, the operation is controlled by an air pump and an electromagnetic valve control system, two batches are generally processed every day according to a water inflow period, each batch is divided into five stages, namely an aerobic stage, an anoxic stage, a precipitation stage, a drainage stage and a dormancy stage, the time from the aerobic stage to the drainage stage can be adjusted according to requirements, and the dormancy stage is controlled according to the actual water amount of incoming water;
3) after biological treatment in the biochemical reaction tank is finished, the sewage enters the bottom of an upflow type dephosphorization filter bed area through a built-in water distribution pipe, the filter bed is filled with suspended dephosphorization filler, biochemical sludge loss is intercepted, residual total phosphorus is removed, the whole filter bed is in a facultative state, a biological film grows on the filler, residual organic matters can be further digested and simultaneously nitrified and denitrified, the biological film finally falls off along with aged sludge and flows to the biochemical reaction tank 8 through a sludge return pipeline 13, and the strain number in the biochemical reaction area is reserved to the maximum extent;
4) finally treated by the enhanced dephosphorization filter tank, enters a clean water tank 15, a contact type disinfection box is arranged in the clean water tank 15, chlorine tablets in the disinfection box are added periodically and are discharged or recycled after disinfection.
Further, in the step 1), solid matters with larger specific gravity and parasitic ova and the like are precipitated in the first grid septic tank, scum with lighter specific gravity floats on the upper layer, the two substances are subjected to anaerobic fermentation and decomposition, and sewage with clarified middle flows into the second grid septic tank through the bent pipe at the middle lower part of the first grid septic tank;
the second-grid septic tank is used for continuously fermenting the relatively clear sewage, the parasitic ova and the like sink and die gradually, part of organic matters generate scum to float upwards after being fermented, the scum and the sediment in the second grid are obviously reduced after anaerobic fermentation and decomposition of the first-grid septic tank, and the relatively clear sewage in the middle automatically flows into a third-grid septic tank through a bent pipe in the middle of the second-grid septic tank;
the organic matters in the third septic tank are decomposed, and pathogenic bacteria and parasite eggs are basically killed. The third function is to store the sediment and the sewage with the germ and egg killed.
Further, the step 2) is stage one: in the aerobic stage, after the liquid level meets the starting requirement, the air pump is automatically started, an electromagnetic valve at the 11 end of stripping drainage is closed, the biochemical aerobic aeration stage is started after the aeration is finished, the aeration time is 4-10h, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 3-4mg/L, and the sludge load is less than or equal to 0.1kgBOD5/kgMLSS d;
and a second stage: an anoxic stage, namely entering the anoxic stage after the aerobic stage is finished, stopping the operation of an air pump, and controlling the air pump to intermittently aerate and stir in the anoxic stage to discharge nitrogen generated by denitrification in time because the filler has large specific surface area and high sludge concentration and nitrification and denitrification are synchronously performed, so that the anoxic stage has short retention time of 2-4 h;
and a third stage: a sedimentation stage, namely entering the sedimentation stage after the anoxic stage, wherein after aeration and stirring are stopped because the density of the filler in the biochemical region is slightly larger than that of water, the biofilm and the zoogloea on the surface of the filler can adsorb suspended matters and quickly sediment in a short time, and the retention time of the sedimentation stage is controlled to be 0.5-1h, so that the sedimentation effect is ensured;
and a fourth stage: a water drainage stage, namely after the precipitation stage is finished, entering a water drainage stage, draining water by adopting steam stripping for rapid drainage, starting an air pump at the stage, starting a solenoid valve at the drainage end, enabling all air quantity to enter a stripping pipe for drainage due to liquid level difference between an aeration pipe and a drainage pipe, controlling the drainage liquid level by a drainage system, finishing drainage after the drainage reaches a certain liquid level, and entering a dormancy stage after the drainage is finished;
and a fifth stage: and in the dormant stage, the main function of the dormant stage is a water inlet stage, the anaerobic and pre-anoxic functions are integrated, after the drainage is finished, the system enters the dormant stage, the power equipment stops running in the dormant stage, and the first stage is immediately started after the water inlet liquid level meets the requirement.
The front end of the optimized household sewage treatment equipment is provided with the septic tank, and the septic tank meets the specifications of technical guidelines (trial) for rural toilet sewage treatment and meets the requirement of distributed treatment in a household toilet mode. Household septic tank and sewage treatment build equipment jointly and the installation price is low, more is fit for decentralized sewage treatment, and the septic tank has functions such as sand setting edulcoration, hydrolytic acidification, anaerobism simultaneously, reduces rear end sewage biochemical treatment load, and the drainage flows automatically and gets into sewage treatment device, need not the equalizing basin, need not the elevator pump, and the technology is more reasonable.
The optimized household dispersed sewage treatment device automatically adjusts and treats according to the water consumption habit and water quantity of residents, the liquid level sensor 7 is arranged in the biochemical reaction tank, domestic sewage is accumulated to a certain liquid level, the control system realizes the processes of aerobic aeration, oxygen deficiency, sedimentation, drainage, dormancy and the like of biochemical treatment through time control, a control program is set by fully considering the water characteristics and the energy-saving requirement, the operation of equipment is controlled according to the water quantity of incoming water, and redundant energy consumption is not generated.
The optimized biochemical area adopts special filling materials, the specific surface area of the filling materials is more than or equal to 3000m2/m □, the concentration of the porosity mud can reach 10-18g/L, the volume of the biochemical pool is equal, and the volume load is higher; the filler has high hydrophilicity and biofilm formation speed, aerobic bacteria grow outside the filler, organic matters are removed, anaerobic bacteria grow inside the filler, denitrification is generated to remove nitrogen, nitrification and denitrification processes exist simultaneously in the whole treatment process, the density of the filler is slightly greater than that of water, and the filler and a grown biofilm can be rapidly settled after aeration is stopped.
The optimized improved SBR water outlet mode avoids the problems of control, maintenance, cost and the like caused by using a decanter, and the water is discharged in an improved steam stripping mode to control the liquid level of steam stripping effluent and avoid sludge discharge.
After the optimized biochemistry is finished, an up-flow type dephosphorization filter bed is arranged, the inside of the filter bed is filled with a suspension type filler made of inorganic mineral substances such as silicon, calcium and the like, a part of phosphate radicals can be adsorbed in the filler gap, biological cells are synthesized along with the growth of a biofilm on the surface of the filler, a part of phosphate radicals can react with calcium ions to produce precipitates, part of biochemical sludge is intercepted while the dephosphorization is enhanced, a steam stripping sludge discharge pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the filter bed, and the intercepted biochemical sludge is periodically returned to a biochemical section.
The optimized clean water tank is provided with the automatic pressurizing reuse water pump controlled by the pressure switch, so that the reclaimed water can be reused, and the clean water can be used for flushing a toilet or greening and the like.
The first embodiment of the invention:
firstly, the generated sewage enters a three-grid septic tank at the front end, heavy slag is precipitated at the bottom of the septic tank through the three-grid septic tank precipitation, fermentation and anaerobic digestion, germs, ova and the like are killed and dead along with organic matters through the processes of fermentation and the like, the organic matters are gradually hydrolyzed and decomposed, and the sewage enters a biochemical reaction tank through overflow.
The peasant household drainage gravity flow biochemical reaction tank adopts an improved SBR composite process, the operation batches are controlled by a built-in liquid level sensor 7, two batches are processed every day according to the morning and evening water peak period, and each batch is less than or equal to 12 hours and is divided into five stages for processing.
The liquid level reaches the starting requirement, then enters an aerobic stage, starts to enter a biochemical aerobic aeration stage, enters an anoxic stage after the aeration is finished, the aeration time is adjustable according to the biochemical property of water quality, is generally 8 hours, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 4mg/L, and the sludge load is controlled to be 0.1kgBOD 5/kgMLSS.
After the aerobic stage is finished, entering an anoxic stage, wherein the anoxic stage stays for 2.5 hours because the special filler has large specific surface area and high sludge concentration and nitrification and denitrification are synchronously performed, and the anoxic stage controls the air pump to perform intermittent aeration stirring so that nitrogen generated by denitrification is timely discharged.
After the anoxic stage is finished, the biochemical region is put into a precipitation stage, because the density of the filler in the biochemical region is slightly larger than that of water, after aeration and stirring are stopped, the biofilm and the zoogloea on the surface of the filler can be adsorbed for rapid precipitation in a short time, and the time of the precipitation stage is adjustable according to settleability and is generally 0.5 h.
And after the precipitation stage is finished, the water drainage stage is carried out, the water drainage is carried out by adopting steam stripping for quick water drainage, and the water drainage time is 1 h.
And after the drainage is finished, entering a dormant stage, and stopping the power equipment.
Biological drainage of the biochemical area enters an up-flow type dephosphorization filter bed area, HRT is controlled to be 2h at the stage, TP of effluent is less than or equal to 0.5mg/L, and the removal rate is more than 60%.
And finally treated by the enhanced dephosphorization filter tank, the wastewater enters a clean water tank, a contact type disinfection box is arranged in the clean water tank, chlorine tablets are periodically added into the disinfection box, and effluent is discharged through an overflow pipe and meets the national first-level B standard.
Meanwhile, the clean water tank is provided with an automatic pressurizing recycling water pump controlled by a pressure switch, the automatic pressurizing recycling water pump can be connected with a toilet flushing pipeline, a greening pipeline or an irrigation pipeline, and the recycling pump automatically operates to supply water when the pressure in the pipeline is reduced by opening a valve at a water end.
Example two of the present invention
For areas where septic tanks are already installed, the integrated equipment cancels a pre-septic tank.
The peasant household drainage gravity flow biochemical reaction tank adopts an improved SBR composite process, the operation batches are controlled by a built-in liquid level sensor 7, two batches are processed every day according to the morning and evening water peak period, and each batch is less than or equal to 12 hours and is divided into five stages for processing.
The liquid level reaches the starting requirement, then enters an aerobic stage, starts to enter a biochemical aerobic aeration stage, enters an anoxic stage after the aeration is finished, the aeration time is adjustable according to the biochemical property of water quality, is generally 8 hours, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 4mg/L, and the sludge load is controlled to be 0.1kgBOD 5/kgMLSS.
After the aerobic stage is finished, the anaerobic stage is started, the special filler has large specific surface area and high sludge concentration, and nitrification and denitrification are synchronously performed, so that the anaerobic stage stays for 3 hours, and the anaerobic stage controls the air pump to perform intermittent aeration stirring so as to discharge nitrogen generated by denitrification in time.
After the anoxic stage is finished, the biochemical region is put into a precipitation stage, because the density of the filler in the biochemical region is slightly larger than that of water, after aeration and stirring are stopped, the biofilm and the zoogloea on the surface of the filler can be adsorbed for rapid precipitation in a short time, and the time of the precipitation stage is adjustable according to settleability and is generally 0.5 h.
And after the precipitation stage is finished, the water drainage stage is carried out, the water drainage is carried out quickly by steam stripping, and the water drainage time is 0.5 h.
And after the drainage is finished, entering a dormant stage, and stopping the power equipment.
Biological drainage of the biochemical area enters an up-flow type dephosphorization filter bed area, HRT is controlled to be 1h at the stage, TP of effluent is less than or equal to 1mg/L, and the removal rate is more than 50%.
And finally treated by the enhanced dephosphorization filter tank, the wastewater enters a clean water tank, a contact type disinfection box is arranged in the clean water tank, chlorine tablets are periodically added into the disinfection box, and effluent is discharged through an overflow pipe and meets the national first-level B standard.
The distributed household sewage treatment equipment and the sewage treatment method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts an improved SBR process as a basis according to the drainage characteristics, combines the advantages of the SBR process and the MBBR process, and finishes COD and ammonia nitrogen removal and denitrification in a biological reaction tank.
2. The power equipment only has 1 air pump, is controlled by the liquid level sensor and the electromagnetic valve, and has the advantages of less failure rate, less maintenance, low cost and simple operation.
3. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of smaller reactor volume, high sludge concentration, good removal effect, energy consumption saving and the like, the effluent quality stably reaches the first class B standard of pollutant discharge Standard of urban Sewage treatment plant (GB18918-2002), and the treatment effect is stable.
4. The reactor is controlled to operate by water inflow, and the reactor enters a dormant period when the water amount is low, so that the energy consumption is saved.
5. By combining the biomembrane with SBR technology, aerobic and anoxic reactions are completed in the same reaction tank, the whole equipment has compact structure, and the equipment investment cost is reduced.
Furthermore, it should be noted that in the present specification, "include" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, a method, an article or an apparatus including a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only a single technical solution, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should take the description as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a distributed household sewage treatment equipment, its characterized in that includes septic tank, biochemical reaction pond, the enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond of many check settings, clean water basin, control system and the water pump, install the free flow device between every check of septic tank that many check set up, sewage gets into the biochemical reaction pond through overflow arrangement after the septic tank is handled, the biochemical reaction pond includes level sensor, biochemical reaction district filler, air pump and solenoid valve, the biochemical reaction pond is through flowing automatically the pipe and strengthening the dephosphorization filtering pond intercommunication, the intussuseption of strengthening the dephosphorization filtering pond packs suspension dephosphorization filler, sewage gets into the clean water basin again after the septic tank, biochemical reaction pond and the enhanced dephosphorization filtering pond of inlet tube processing.
2. The decentralized domestic sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the septic tank is three manure pits of check promptly first manure pit, second manure pit and the manure pit of the third check, first manure pit of check communicates with each other with the manure pit of second check through the first manure pit of check gravity flow pipe, the manure pit of second check communicates with each other with the manure pit of the third check through the elbow that flows automatically of the manure pit of second check.
3. The decentralized domestic sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drainage overflow pipe of the clean water tank is connected with a toilet flushing pipeline, a greening pipeline or an irrigation pipeline, and the drainage overflow pipe is provided with an automatic pressurizing recycling water pump controlled by a pressure switch.
4. The decentralized domestic sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: a contact type disinfection box is arranged in the clean water tank, and chlorine tablets are placed in the contact type disinfection box.
5. The decentralized domestic sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the enhanced dephosphorization filter tank is provided with an upflow dephosphorization filter bed, suspended dephosphorization filler is filled in the upflow dephosphorization filter bed, and the suspended dephosphorization filler is made of inorganic mineral substances such as silicon, calcium and the like.
6. The decentralized domestic sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device is characterized in that an air pipe is arranged in the biochemical reaction tank, the air pipe is connected with a fan, a steam stripping sludge discharge pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the enhanced phosphorus removal filter tank, and a sludge return pipeline is arranged in the enhanced phosphorus removal filter tank.
7. A distributed household sewage treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, sewage generated by farmers enters a septic tank, and the sewage overflows into a biochemical reaction tank after being treated by the septic tank;
2) the biochemical reaction tank adopts an improved SBR process, the operation batches are controlled by a built-in liquid level sensor, the operation is controlled by an air pump and an electromagnetic valve control system, two batches are generally processed every day according to a water inflow period, each batch is divided into five stages, namely an aerobic stage, an anoxic stage, a precipitation stage, a drainage stage and a dormancy stage, the time from the aerobic stage to the drainage stage can be adjusted according to requirements, and the dormancy stage is controlled according to the actual water amount of incoming water;
3) after biological treatment of the biochemical reaction tank is finished, the sewage enters the bottom of an upflow type dephosphorization filter bed area through a built-in water distribution pipe, the filter bed is filled with suspended dephosphorization filler, biochemical sludge loss is intercepted, residual total phosphorus is removed, the whole filter bed is in a facultative state, a biological film grows on the filler, residual organic matters can be further digested and simultaneously nitrified and denitrified, the biological film finally falls off along with aged sludge and flows to the biochemical reaction tank through a sludge backflow pipeline, and the number of strains in the biochemical reaction area is reserved to the maximum extent;
4) finally treated by the enhanced dephosphorization filter tank, enters a clean water tank, a contact type disinfection box is arranged in the clean water tank, chlorine tablets in the disinfection box are added periodically and are discharged or recycled after disinfection.
8. The decentralized domestic sewage treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step 1), solid matters with larger specific gravity, parasitic ova and the like are precipitated in the first grid septic tank, scum with lighter specific gravity floats on the upper layer, the two substances are subjected to anaerobic fermentation and decomposition, and sewage with clarified middle automatically flows into the second grid septic tank through the bent pipe at the middle lower part of the first grid septic tank;
the second-grid septic tank is used for continuously fermenting the relatively clear sewage, the parasitic ova and the like sink and die gradually, part of organic matters generate scum to float upwards after being fermented, the scum and the sediment in the second grid are obviously reduced after anaerobic fermentation and decomposition of the first-grid septic tank, and the relatively clear sewage in the middle automatically flows into a third-grid septic tank through a bent pipe in the middle of the second-grid septic tank;
the organic matters in the third septic tank are decomposed, and pathogenic bacteria and parasite eggs are basically killed. The third function is to store the sediment and the sewage with the germ and egg killed.
9. The decentralized domestic sewage treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the step 2) is stage one: in the aerobic stage, after the liquid level meets the starting requirement, the air pump is automatically started, the electromagnetic valve at the stripping drainage end is closed, the biochemical aerobic aeration stage begins, the biochemical aerobic aeration stage enters the anoxic stage after the aeration is finished, the aeration time is 4-10h, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 3-4mg/L, and the sludge load is less than or equal to 0.1kgBOD5/kgMLSS d;
and a second stage: an anoxic stage, namely entering the anoxic stage after the aerobic stage is finished, stopping the operation of an air pump, and controlling the air pump to intermittently aerate and stir in the anoxic stage to discharge nitrogen generated by denitrification in time because the filler has large specific surface area and high sludge concentration and nitrification and denitrification are synchronously performed, so that the anoxic stage has short retention time of 2-4 h;
and a third stage: a sedimentation stage, namely entering the sedimentation stage after the anoxic stage, wherein after aeration and stirring are stopped because the density of the filler in the biochemical region is slightly larger than that of water, the biofilm and the zoogloea on the surface of the filler can adsorb suspended matters and quickly sediment in a short time, and the retention time of the sedimentation stage is controlled to be 0.5-1h, so that the sedimentation effect is ensured;
and a fourth stage: a water drainage stage, namely after the precipitation stage is finished, entering a water drainage stage, draining water by adopting steam stripping for rapid drainage, starting an air pump at the stage, starting a solenoid valve at the drainage end, enabling all air quantity to enter a stripping pipe for drainage due to liquid level difference between an aeration pipe and a drainage pipe, controlling the drainage liquid level by a drainage system, finishing drainage after the drainage reaches a certain liquid level, and entering a dormancy stage after the drainage is finished;
and a fifth stage: and in the dormant stage, the main function of the dormant stage is a water inlet stage, the anaerobic and pre-anoxic functions are integrated, after the drainage is finished, the system enters the dormant stage, the power equipment stops running in the dormant stage, and the first stage is immediately started after the water inlet liquid level meets the requirement.
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