CN1106521C - 三脚架的重量平衡 - Google Patents

三脚架的重量平衡 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1106521C
CN1106521C CN98800880A CN98800880A CN1106521C CN 1106521 C CN1106521 C CN 1106521C CN 98800880 A CN98800880 A CN 98800880A CN 98800880 A CN98800880 A CN 98800880A CN 1106521 C CN1106521 C CN 1106521C
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tripod
support
cantilever
supporting direction
stop
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CN1229461A (zh
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B·贝斯
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Leica Microsystems Schweiz AG
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Leica Mikroskopie Systeme AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/42Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters with arrangement for propelling the support stands on wheels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/20Surgical microscopes characterised by non-optical aspects
    • A61B90/25Supports therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02Heads
    • F16M11/04Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/10Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting around a horizontal axis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/20Undercarriages with or without wheels
    • F16M11/2007Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment
    • F16M11/2014Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment around a vertical axis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/001Counterbalanced structures, e.g. surgical microscopes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/20Surgical microscopes characterised by non-optical aspects
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M2200/00Details of stands or supports
    • F16M2200/04Balancing means
    • F16M2200/044Balancing means for balancing rotational movement of the undercarriage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种三角架,该三角架具有一个悬臂(3)、一个支架(4)和一个三脚架底部(6),其中,在支架(4)上固定了一个具有平衡作用的功能箱(5)。该三脚架底部(6)设计成这样,即它具有一个比较好的抗倾倒安全性的优先支承方向(15)和该优先支承方向(15)的容许侧向支承的范围。悬臂(3)在一个水平平面内的旋转运动可由一个止档(9)限制成使该悬臂(3)不可能在一个垂直于优先支承方向的位置内旋转,也不可能在容许支承范围以外旋转。

Description

三脚架的重量平衡
本发明涉及一种三脚架,尤其是手术显微镜的一种三脚架。三脚架的重量平衡除了复杂的结构外,在手术显微镜范围内也可有较简单的三脚架结构,这种结构例如不用垂直的平行支柱足够,而是可用一个例如气垫作为手术显微镜保持平衡状态的重量平衡。在这方面可参见专利US-A-5213293。这种相当简单的三脚架结构是这样选择的,三脚架的底部具有足够的稳定性,避免了使用常规手术显微镜情况下三脚架的倾倒。为此目的,三脚架底部也设计得相当重,因而通过它保证了一定的稳定性。
专利US-A-5257998公开了一种趋实体性系统(Stereotaxie-system)用的一种三脚架,该三脚架具有一个三脚架底部和一个设置在其上的支架。在该支架上固定了一个带有平衡重量的悬臂。该平衡重量是一个配有不同电气部件的功能箱。由于三脚架的大的旋转范围,三脚架底部设计成对称结构,所以尺寸很大而且笨重。
本发明旨在改进三脚架结构,使之在负荷范围内特别是手术显微镜的负荷范围内可承受较大的重量和/或使三脚架底部较轻巧。
三脚架底部存在的一个问题是:三脚架底部侧向伸展的空间越宽阔,它对人员的阻碍越大。所以应设法限制三脚架底部的伸展宽度。本发明的另一个目的是,合理实现轻巧三脚架底部的愿望。
这个目的的技术解决方案在于这种三脚架具有一个悬臂、一个支架和一个三脚架底部,其中,支架上固定一个具有配重功能的功能箱,该三脚架被设计成具有一个较好的抗倾倒安全性的优先支承方向和该优先支承方向的一个侧向的容许支承范围;悬臂在一个水平平面内的可旋转性由一个止档这样限制,即悬臂不可能在一个垂直于优先支承方向的位置内旋转,也不可能在容许的支承范围以外旋转。
通过本发明各种特征的组合可得一种简单的三脚架结构,这种结构具有实用的重量平衡和减小倾倒的特征,本发明的诸多改进可从各项从属权利要求中得知。结合附图说明给这方面的专家展现出一种新式的三脚架结构,这种三脚架结构一方面满足了上述目的,另一方面也满足了常规三脚架补装电子控制部分的需要。
下面对全部附图说明中涉及的相同部件都采用相同的参照符号;功能相似的-但不同的-部件则用不同附标的相同的参照符号。
附图表示:
图1表示悬臂可围绕一根旋转轴旋转的一种方案的侧视图;
图2表示图1所示结构的俯视图;
图3表示另一种方案的侧视图;
图4表示沿图3剖面线IV-IV剖开的截面。
图中未示出特别是诸如气垫之类的支承装置,这类装置例如可从上述专利US-A-5213293得知。所以,为了尽可能详细形成本发明的三脚架的悬臂结构,本发明特别参考了该专利的内容。但本发明结构不限于这种悬臂结构。
本发明的三脚架有一个支架4,该支架托住一个悬臂3。作为安装在该悬臂上的重量例如一架手术显微镜1的重量平衡是一个与支架4牢固连接的开关柜5。在该开关柜5中例如装有电子器件、供电设备、照明等用的可能的设备和必要时附加的配重快14。
在图1表示的一种结构型式中,悬臂3a可绕支架4a上的一根旋转轴8旋转,见圆形双箭头。止档9a在两个方向内限制悬臂3a的侧向旋转运动。从而达到了这样的目的,即该悬臂3a不可能在一个垂直于三脚架底部6a的优先支承方向的位置内伸展。三脚架底部6a设计成垂直于它的优先的支承方向15具有较小的抗倾倒安全性。这种结构型式从图2剖面线I-I剖开一个截面。
图2表示图1结构的俯视图,在该图中可清楚看出,三脚架底部设计成H形,所以在支承方向15内比垂直方向17具有大得多的伸展。与正方形或圆形比较,在支承方向15的抗倾倒安全性不受限制的情况下达到了一个很小的三脚架底部重量。
图3和图4表示另一个方案,在这个方案中,悬臂3b和支架4b相互刚性连接。图3表示从图4剖面线III-III剖开的一个截面。在这种结构中,在一个水平平面内沿双箭头16的旋转运动由三脚架底部6b上的支架4b的可旋转性来保证。为此,支架4b插入支架底部6b的一个孔中,并用一个刚性连接的支承环10支承在三脚架底部。至少一个止动螺栓11在一个水平止动槽13(13a、13b)中滑动,该止动槽限制支架4b的侧向旋转运动。为了支架4b安装在三脚架底部6b中,例如用一个安装槽12使支架4b与止动螺栓11埋入三脚架底部6b中。
在所示的两个方案中,都未述及悬臂3a在一个垂直平面内的可能的旋转运动。这样的旋转运动或为此所需的结构措施可从各种各样的文献中得知,例如可参见上述的专利US-A一5213293和申请人按该专利制作的三脚架。
本发明的本质在于,在三脚架支架上把具有特殊功能的部件的一个刚性的平衡重量与一个止档组合在一起,该止档限制悬臂在一个水平平面内的旋转运动,最好是限制对称于优先支承方向的旋转运动。

Claims (10)

1.三脚架具有一个悬臂(3a,3b),一个支架(4a,4b)和一个三脚架底部(6a,6b),其中,支架(4a,4b)上固定一个具有配重功能的功能箱(5),其特征在于:三脚架(6a,6b)是这样设计的,它具有一个较好的抗倾倒安全性的优先支承方向(15)和该优先支承方向(15)的一个侧向的容许支承范围;悬臂(3a,3b)在一个水平平面内的可旋转性由一个止档(9)这样限制,即悬臂(3a,3b)不可能在一个垂直于优先支承方向的位置内旋转,也不可能在容许的支承范围以外旋转。
2.按权利要求1的三脚架,其特征在于:悬臂(3b)和支架(4b)不旋转地相互连接;在三脚架底部(6b)上设置有止档(9b),以防止旋转。
3.按权利要求1的三脚架,其特征在于,在悬臂(3a)和支架(4a)之间设置有止档(9a),以防止旋转。
4.按权利要求1~3任一项的三脚架,其特征在于,箱(5)具有三脚架和/或显微镜操作用的和/或照明用的一个电子控制器和/或一个电源和/或电流互感器单元。
5.按权利要求1~3任一项的三脚架,其特征在于,箱(5)中设置有附加的配重。
6.按权利要求1~3任一项的三脚架,其特征在于,悬臂(3)是弹性支承的。
7.按权利要求1~3任一项的三脚架,其特征在于,旋转范围对称于优先的支承方向伸展。
8.按权利要求1~3任一项的三脚架,其特征在于,在优先支承方向(15)内三脚架底部(6)比垂直(横向)方向(17)具有大得多的伸展。
9.按权利要求1~3任一项的三脚架,其特征在于,箱(5)或箱体部件支承在三脚架底部上。
10.按权利要求1~3至少一项的三脚架作为手术显微镜的支架和定位装置使用。
CN98800880A 1997-06-30 1998-06-16 三脚架的重量平衡 Expired - Fee Related CN1106521C (zh)

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CH1566/97 1997-06-30
CH1566/1997 1997-06-30
CH156697 1997-06-30

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CN1229461A CN1229461A (zh) 1999-09-22
CN1106521C true CN1106521C (zh) 2003-04-23

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US (1) US6247673B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP0922181B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001500236A (zh)
CN (1) CN1106521C (zh)
DE (1) DE59812659D1 (zh)
HK (1) HK1021559A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1999001693A1 (zh)

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DE20019105U1 (de) 2000-11-12 2001-05-23 Leica Microsystems Ag, Heerbrugg Stativ
DE20019109U1 (de) 2000-11-12 2001-02-22 Leica Microsystems Ag, Heerbrugg Stativ, insbesondere für Operationsmikroskope
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CN106053417A (zh) * 2016-07-21 2016-10-26 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 双光子显微镜及临床治疗装置
CN106322066A (zh) * 2016-08-30 2017-01-11 上海大学 自动调节距离显示器支架
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HK1021559A1 (en) 2000-06-16
DE59812659D1 (de) 2005-04-21
EP0922181A1 (de) 1999-06-16
WO1999001693A1 (de) 1999-01-14
CN1229461A (zh) 1999-09-22
JP2001500236A (ja) 2001-01-09
US6247673B1 (en) 2001-06-19
EP0922181B1 (de) 2005-03-16

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