CN110608079A - 内燃机的排气系统 - Google Patents

内燃机的排气系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110608079A
CN110608079A CN201910506299.0A CN201910506299A CN110608079A CN 110608079 A CN110608079 A CN 110608079A CN 201910506299 A CN201910506299 A CN 201910506299A CN 110608079 A CN110608079 A CN 110608079A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
ash
particle filter
exhaust system
carrier element
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201910506299.0A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN110608079B (zh
Inventor
M·韦塞尔斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Illinois Tool Works Inc
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CN110608079A publication Critical patent/CN110608079A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110608079B publication Critical patent/CN110608079B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0232—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles removing incombustible material from a particle filter, e.g. ash
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/10—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool
    • F01N2330/101—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool using binders, e.g. to form a permeable mat, paper or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/28—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by using adhesive material, e.g. cement

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种内燃机的排气系统(1)，在第一次加热该排气系统(1)之前的状态下，该排气系统具有颗粒过滤器(2)和在该颗粒过滤器(2)上游的排气管线(3)。在这样的排气系统中提出，在该颗粒过滤器(2)上在朝向该排气管线(3)的一侧施加有具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件(11)，或者该排气系统(1)还具有布置在该颗粒过滤器(2)上游的催化器(4)，其中在该催化器(4)上施加有具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件(11)。一种这样的排气系统可以实现在其简单的结构设计下将灰烬层施加到颗粒过滤器上，尤其作为滤饼施加到颗粒过滤器的通道壁表面上。

Description

内燃机的排气系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在第一次加热排气系统之前的状态下的、内燃机的排气系统，该排气系统具有颗粒过滤器和在该颗粒过滤器上游的排气管线。
背景技术
这样的排气系统对于在实践中所使用的车辆是众所周知的。排气系统一般附加地具有用于处理排气的催化器，该催化器布置在颗粒过滤器的上游或下游。
针对油耗降低及同时更为严格的颗粒限值(质量和数量)的现行法定要求越来越体现为对内燃机研制的挑战。在所要求的边界条件下遵守未来的颗粒限值将会构成未来对降低油耗的阻碍。这导致未来几乎所有内燃机都必须配备颗粒过滤器，这就像目前已在柴油发动机中所做的那样。
由燃烧产生的碳黑沉积在颗粒过滤器中，并通过针对性地使过滤器再生再次被转化为气态成分。此外，在过滤器中永久地保留了源自于发动机油和/或油添加剂的灰烬成分。目前，过滤器的碳黑负荷是借助背压测量并冗余地通过计算模型来获取的。依据碳黑填充程度来启动用于使碳黑再生的积极措施。但背压测量(Δp＝f(碳黑负荷))具有明显的滞后性，因此无法得到颗粒过滤器的碳黑加载量与背压之间的清晰的对应关系。基于计算模型的再生因为显著的燃料影响而大多情况下明显过早，尤其因为在这些燃料之间颗粒数量/颗粒质量可能变化了因数5。目标必然是减小背压的滞后性，以获得用于使颗粒过滤器再生的清晰的调节变量。同时，在没有滞后行为的情况下也可以确保更稳定的部件保护，因为借助背压测量可以更好地获取具备特定高的负荷的边界区。
当前的颗粒过滤器具有两种过滤功能：一方面是深层过滤；以及另一方面是表面过滤。因此，碳黑积存在第一阶段中引起压力升高较多的深层过滤、而在第二阶段中引起压力升高较少的表面过滤。
在深层过滤时，颗粒被沉积在颗粒过滤器壁内。在表面过滤时，过滤发生在过滤器的表面。随着运行时间推移，颗粒过滤器越来越多地从深层过滤器转为表面过滤器。深层过滤与大的压力升高相关联，因为在此情况下排气的渗透性受到特别不利的影响。如果壁中的孔在很大程度上被碳黑占据，则碳黑随后尤其沉积在该壁上。这种表面过滤引起低于深层过滤时的缓和的压力升高。如果使碳黑在过滤器内再生，则压力以具有滞后行为的方式减小，也就是说，在第一阶段中具有大的压力降低，随后是缓和的压力降低。
不同于碳黑，灰烬总是在颗粒过滤器中沉积在壁上而不是壁中。由此，原理上且不可逆地阻止对碳黑的深层过滤，从而使得碳黑不能穿过灰烬层。对于伴随碳黑积存增多的压力升高而言，这意味着在整个范围内出现无滞后性的线性关联。通过背压测量确定碳黑负荷的品质由此得以显著改善，由此可以更有针对性地以及更油耗优化地控制碳黑再生的策略。
为了解决上述问题，必须有针对性地在崭新状态下在颗粒过滤器的通道壁表面上施加灰烬层作为滤饼。
由WO 2014/183998 A1已知一种用于确定奥托发动机中的颗粒过滤器的碳黑负荷的方法。对所引入的碳黑负荷的确定包括考虑标准化行驶周期的与碳黑相关的事件的预定的碳黑比例。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，改进一种开篇所述类型的排气系统，使得在其简单的结构设计下可以将灰烬层施加到颗粒过滤器上，尤其作为滤饼施加到颗粒过滤器的通道壁表面上。
该目的通过一种具有权利要求1所述特征的排气系统实现。
因此，在该排气系统中提出：或者在该颗粒过滤器上在其朝向排气管线的一侧施加有具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件，或者是排气系统还具有布置在该颗粒过滤器上游的催化器，其中在该催化器上施加有具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件。
如果具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件被施加到颗粒过滤器或催化器上，则在第一次加热排气系统时进行载体元件的燃烧，伴随形成灰烬的组分或灰烬被释放并沉积到颗粒过滤器上。在此，该载体元件可以考虑采用在排气系统中存在的边界条件下能够烧掉的任何材料。唯一的边界条件是：该载体元件必须具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬，并且这些形成灰烬的组分或灰烬在加热排气系统时被释放且被排气流携带至颗粒过滤器。在这里，所述位置只需被选为在颗粒过滤器之前。
特别有利的是，载体元件直接在颗粒过滤器上安置到该颗粒过滤器的朝向排气管线的一侧。因而，形成灰烬的组分或灰烬可以在其释放时仅作用于颗粒过滤器并且对此不涉及其他的发动机构件。还有利的是，颗粒过滤器在排气系统初次完全烧热之后达到其完全过滤率。
尤其提供由纸、纸板或塑料构成的载体元件，该载体元件具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬。这些材特别好地适用于容纳形成灰烬的组分或灰烬。
形成灰烬的组分或者说在颗粒过滤器上所施加的灰烬层尤其由以下元素组成，这些元素在随后运行中无法通过氧化或者通常的分离再次被去除。此外要确保，该灰烬层只被置于壁上而未进入壁中。这些元素例如在涉及形成灰烬的组分的情况下是Ca、Mg、P和Zn，在涉及灰烬的情况下是MgO、Al2O3。
形成灰烬的组分或灰烬优选地是粉末状的。
如果排气系统具有过滤器，尤其提出的是：该载体元件在该催化器朝向该颗粒过滤器的一侧或在该催化器背离该颗粒过滤器的一侧被施加到该催化器上。在颗粒过滤器的上游进行的所述优选布置中的每一种布置中确保了，形成灰烬的组分或灰烬被释放并沉积到颗粒过滤器上。
如果将载体元件粘接到该颗粒过滤器或该催化器上，则可以实现特别简单地将该载体元件布置在颗粒过滤器或催化器上。
载体元件尤其被设计为呈晶片形式的圆盘。这样的载体盘可以特别简单地与颗粒过滤器的流入区域中的环形凸缘或催化器的流入区域或流出区域中的环形凸缘连接，尤其被粘接到那里。
该内燃机尤其是奥托发动机或柴油发动机。因此使用奥托颗粒过滤器或柴油颗粒过滤器。
根据本发明的排气系统及其改进方案包含以下各种优点：
-因此可能的是，正好将灰烬施加到颗粒过滤器的表面上。
-灰烬层可以在相对应地给载体元件配备形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的情况下就厚度和组成而言被准确调节。
-有针对地阻止深层过滤并且由此可以在背压/反压(Gegendruck)与积存的碳黑之间建立明确的对应关系。
-这些部件的背压在其运行时间上保持相对恒定，并且压力升高表现为线性的。
-目前的颗粒过滤器的过滤率在一定的运行时间后才呈现期望值。该排气系统可以实现，非常准确地调节过滤率，并且紧接在第一次加热排气系统之后已达到所要求的值。
-该颗粒过滤器可以被实施成是极其多孔的，并且因而具有极低的背压/反压，因为排气系统可以实现准确调节过滤率。
附图说明
将在从属权利要求、附图以及对附图中所展示的实施例的描述中得出本发明的进一步的特征，而本发明并不局限于此。
在附图中以示意性示图示出：
图1示出内燃机的排气系统的与本发明相关的区域中的第一实施例，
图2示出内燃机的排气系统的与本发明相关的区域中的第二实施例，
图3示出内燃机的排气系统的与本发明相关的区域中的第三实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出了在第一次加热排气系统1之前的状态下的、内燃机的排气系统1，其中该内燃机是柴油发动机或奥托发动机。排气系统1具有颗粒过滤器2和在颗粒过滤器2上游的排气管线3。排气系统1紧挨在颗粒过滤器2上游具有催化器4(氧化催化器)。在此实施例中，颗粒过滤器2和催化器4布置在公共的壳体5中。在此，本领域技术人员当然可以设想的是，颗粒过滤器2和催化器4也可以布置在分开的壳体中。在壳体5上在上游连接有排气管线3而在下游连接有从颗粒过滤器2引导出的排气管线6。用箭头7示出了排气流入到催化器4中，而用箭头8示出了排气从颗粒过滤器2中流出。催化器4的通流长度用附图标记9示出，而颗粒过滤器2的通流长度用附图标记10示出。
在颗粒过滤器2上(在其朝向排气管线3的一侧)施加有具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件11。这个载体元件11由纸、纸板或塑料构成，并且具有形成灰烬的组分或直接具有灰烬。形成灰烬的组分尤其是Ca、Mg、P或Zn。灰烬尤其是MgO。形成灰烬的组分或灰烬是粉末状的。载体元件11在颗粒过滤器2上被粘接到该颗粒过滤器的朝向催化器4的端侧区域中。载体元件11形成作为盘，并且由于材料成分在第一次加热排气系统时被排气流经，由此将灰烬层施加到颗粒过滤器2上，尤其作为滤饼施加到颗粒过滤器2的通道壁表面上。
根据图2的实施例与根据图1的实施例的不同之处在于：具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件11不是被施加到颗粒过滤器2上，而是在催化器的朝向颗粒过滤器2的一侧被施加到催化器4上。在第一次加热排气系统时，排气流经与催化器4连接的载体元件11，并且形成灰烬的组分或灰烬被释放并沉积到颗粒过滤器2上。
根据图3的实施例与根据图1的实施例的不同之处在于：具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件11不是被施加到颗粒过滤器2上，而是在催化器的背离颗粒过滤器2的一侧被施加到催化器4上。在第一次加热排气系统时，排气流经与催化器4连接的载体元件11，并且形成灰烬的组分或灰烬被释放并沉积到颗粒过滤器2上。
附图标记清单
1 排气系统
2 颗粒过滤器
3 排气管线
4 催化器
5 壳体
6 排气管线
7 箭头
8 箭头
9 通流长度
10 通流长度
11 载体元件

Claims (8)

1.一种在排气系统(1)第一次加热之前的状态下的、内燃机的排气系统(1)，该排气系统具有颗粒过滤器(2)和在该颗粒过滤器(2)上游的排气管线(3)，其特征在于，在该颗粒过滤器(2)上在其朝向该排气管线(3)的一侧施加有具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件(11)，或者该排气系统(1)还具有布置在该颗粒过滤器(2)上游的催化器(4)，其中，在该催化器(4)上施加有具有形成灰烬的组分或灰烬的载体元件(11)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排气系统，其特征在于，该载体元件(11)由纸、纸板或塑料构成，其中，该载体元件(11)配设有形成灰烬的组分或该灰烬。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的排气装置，其特征在于，形成灰烬的组分尤其是Ca、Mg、P和Zn和/或该灰烬是MgO、Al2O3。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的排气系统，其特征在于，形成灰烬的组分或该灰烬是粉末状的。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的排气系统，其特征在于，载体元件(11)在催化器(4)朝向颗粒过滤器(2)的一侧或在催化器(4)背离颗粒过滤器(2)的一侧被施加到该催化器(4)上。
6.根据权利要求1至5之一所述的排气系统，其特征在于，载体元件(11)被粘接到颗粒过滤器(2)或催化器(4)上。
7.根据权利要求1至6之一所述的排气系统，其特征在于，催化器(4)和颗粒过滤器(2)彼此以最大20mm、尤其最大10mm的间距布置。
8.根据权利要求1至7之一所述的排气系统，其特征在于，该内燃机是奥托发动机或柴油发动机。
CN201910506299.0A 2018-06-15 2019-06-12 内燃机的排气系统 Active CN110608079B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018114337.0A DE102018114337A1 (de) 2018-06-15 2018-06-15 Abgasanlage eines Verbrennungsmotors
DE102018114337.0 2018-06-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110608079A true CN110608079A (zh) 2019-12-24
CN110608079B CN110608079B (zh) 2022-06-10

Family

ID=68724447

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201910506299.0A Active CN110608079B (zh) 2018-06-15 2019-06-12 内燃机的排气系统

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11149606B2 (zh)
JP (1) JP6817373B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR20190142245A (zh)
CN (1) CN110608079B (zh)
DE (1) DE102018114337A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117569905A (zh) * 2024-01-15 2024-02-20 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Dpf故障监测方法、装置及系统

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118001837A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2024-05-10 康明斯排放处理公司 提高柴油和汽油颗粒过滤器的分级效率的方法和装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4003979A (en) * 1973-11-26 1977-01-18 Kanebo, Ltd. Method of cleaning air containing carbon monoxide
US4510265A (en) * 1984-05-04 1985-04-09 Engelhard Corporation Platinum/silver vanadate catalyzed diesel exhaust particulate filter
JP2004150330A (ja) * 2002-10-30 2004-05-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の排気微粒子フィルタ
US20060068159A1 (en) * 2003-06-23 2006-03-30 Teruo Komori Honeycomb structure
US20070186911A1 (en) * 2004-07-10 2007-08-16 Mann & Hummel Gmbh Method for producing a ceramic filter element
US20110271658A1 (en) * 2009-02-27 2011-11-10 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter for use in a motor vehicle in a close-coupled position
CN105637188A (zh) * 2013-10-22 2016-06-01 丰田自动车株式会社 用于内燃机的排气净化装置

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7521087B2 (en) * 2002-08-27 2009-04-21 Basf Catalysts Llc Method for catalyst coating of a substrate
WO2008126321A1 (ja) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-23 Ibiden Co., Ltd. 排ガス浄化システム
DE102008038736A1 (de) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-18 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft Partikelabscheider, insbesondere Partikelfilter, zur Abscheidung von Partikeln aus dem Abgasstrom einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102009049624A1 (de) * 2009-10-16 2011-04-21 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Partikelfilters
JP5379039B2 (ja) 2010-02-16 2013-12-25 日本碍子株式会社 排ガス浄化装置及び排ガス浄化方法
DE102013008426A1 (de) 2013-05-16 2014-11-20 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Rußbeladung eines Partikelfilters, Steuereinheit sowie Kraftfahrzeug
DE102016103735A1 (de) * 2016-03-02 2017-09-07 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur künstlichen Veraschung eines Partikelfilters
EP3458689B1 (en) 2016-05-17 2021-09-08 Corning Incorporated Porous ceramic filters and methods for filtering

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4003979A (en) * 1973-11-26 1977-01-18 Kanebo, Ltd. Method of cleaning air containing carbon monoxide
US4510265A (en) * 1984-05-04 1985-04-09 Engelhard Corporation Platinum/silver vanadate catalyzed diesel exhaust particulate filter
JP2004150330A (ja) * 2002-10-30 2004-05-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の排気微粒子フィルタ
US20060068159A1 (en) * 2003-06-23 2006-03-30 Teruo Komori Honeycomb structure
US20070186911A1 (en) * 2004-07-10 2007-08-16 Mann & Hummel Gmbh Method for producing a ceramic filter element
US20110271658A1 (en) * 2009-02-27 2011-11-10 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter for use in a motor vehicle in a close-coupled position
CN105637188A (zh) * 2013-10-22 2016-06-01 丰田自动车株式会社 用于内燃机的排气净化装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117569905A (zh) * 2024-01-15 2024-02-20 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Dpf故障监测方法、装置及系统
CN117569905B (zh) * 2024-01-15 2024-04-16 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Dpf故障监测方法、装置及系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2019218950A (ja) 2019-12-26
US20190383182A1 (en) 2019-12-19
DE102018114337A1 (de) 2019-12-19
US11149606B2 (en) 2021-10-19
JP6817373B2 (ja) 2021-01-20
KR20190142245A (ko) 2019-12-26
CN110608079B (zh) 2022-06-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108691604B (zh) 制造具有颗粒过滤器的奥托发动机排气系统的方法及奥托发动机排气系统
US8889221B2 (en) Method for reducing pressure drop through filters, and filter exhibiting reduced pressure drop
CN102625727B (zh) 微粒过滤器和过滤微粒物质的方法
US8161738B2 (en) Systems and methods for estimating particulate load in a particulate filter
CN110608079B (zh) 内燃机的排气系统
JP4506539B2 (ja) 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
US7524360B2 (en) Method and apparatus for filtering exhaust particulates
WO2004016916A1 (ja) フィルタ制御装置
WO2007079138A2 (en) Woven metal fiber diesel particulate filter
CN102325970B (zh) 微粒过滤器
Tsuneyoshi et al. Effects of washcoat on initial PM filtration efficiency and pressure drop in SiC DPF
JPH1089049A (ja) 微粒子フィルターの制御方法および制御装置
US9394815B2 (en) Method and device for metering the additive for regenerating a diesel particulate filter
CN102325574B (zh) 用于改进的颗粒过滤性能的过滤结构
Mizuno et al. Study on wall pore structure for next generation diesel particulate filter
JPS61135917A (ja) デイ−ゼル・エンジンの排気ガス微粒子浄化装置
Furuta et al. Study on next generation diesel particulate filter
Baek et al. A study on regeneration strategies of cordierite-DPF applied to a diesel vehicle
CN111094708A (zh) 用于运行颗粒过滤器的方法
EP2356324B1 (en) Systems and methods for estimating particulate load in a particulate filter
Dimou et al. Influence of material properties and pore design parameters on non-catalyzed diesel particulate filter performance with ash accumulation
CN113423925B (zh) 提高柴油和汽油颗粒过滤器的分级效率的方法和装置
Boger et al. Evaluation of new diesel particulate filters based on stabilized aluminium titanate
KR101134975B1 (ko) 초기 ｄｐｆ 재생 방법
JP5341603B2 (ja) エンジンの排気浄化装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
CB03 Change of inventor or designer information
CB03 Change of inventor or designer information

Inventor after: Wessels Michael

Inventor after: I.Develd

Inventor before: Wessels Michael

TA01 Transfer of patent application right
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20210420

Address after: Stuttgart, Germany

Applicant after: Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG

Applicant after: ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS Inc.

Address before: Stuttgart, Germany

Applicant before: Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG

GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant