CN110593616A - Multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse - Google Patents
Multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN110593616A CN110593616A CN201910856525.8A CN201910856525A CN110593616A CN 110593616 A CN110593616 A CN 110593616A CN 201910856525 A CN201910856525 A CN 201910856525A CN 110593616 A CN110593616 A CN 110593616A
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- airing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/08—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for drying or roasting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/08—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for drying or roasting
- A23N12/12—Auxiliary devices for roasting machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
- E04H5/08—Buildings or groups of buildings for agricultural purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional three-dimensional airing warm shed which comprises a front end heat preservation wall, a rear end heat preservation wall, a rolling door, a fixed base, an arch frame, a cross beam, a shed film, a concrete hardened ground, a drainage channel, a support pier, a pulley track, an airing disc, a temperature and humidity sensor and a ventilation device. The invention has the advantages that: through the method of covering the film on the outer surface, hardening the film on the inner surface and building the heat-insulating wall, the multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse can prevent rain and dust, improve the heat-insulating effect of the multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse and ensure the color, luster and quality of fruits; the universal wheels are arranged at the bottom of the airing disc and can slide on the sliding rails, so that the burden of workers is reduced, and the airing efficiency is improved; the multifunctional operating room recycles water resources and can meet the basic requirement of gobi agriculture on more daylighting and less water consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an agricultural airing greenhouse, in particular to a multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture.
Background
With the adjustment of agricultural structure and the industrialized operation of agriculture in China, especially the rapid development of Gobi agriculture and sand industry in recent years, the method brings an inexhaustible development opportunity for agriculture, rural areas and farmers. At present, agricultural product industries with less water and more lighting are mainly suitable for developing gobi agriculture and sand industries, such as red dates, red medlar, black medlar, tea, preserved fruits, dried fruits and other industries.
At present, the sunlight greenhouses in China can be divided into series products such as common vegetable greenhouses, PC sunlight plate greenhouses, glass greenhouses, multi-span greenhouses and photovoltaic solar greenhouses, most of the domestic greenhouse greenhouses are made under the subsidy of government policies, most of the domestic greenhouse greenhouses belong to passive application, and are mainly used for planting seasonal vegetables. In order to bring more economic benefits to the greenhouse, the greenhouse is mostly developed to be used in sightseeing exhibition and loses due effect.
At present, in order to realize effective dehydration of agricultural products, most of farmers most commonly use a method that a temporary rain-proof shed is directly built on the field, and a layer of plastic film is paved on the ground in the shed for airing fruits, although the manufacturing cost is low, the aired agricultural products are not easy to control due to temperature, and meanwhile, no measures of mosquito and fly protection, wind prevention and dust resistance are adopted, so that a large amount of dust is adsorbed on the fruits and is difficult to clean, some agricultural products even can not be cleaned, such as lycium ruthenicum, lycium ruthenicum and the like, so that the aired agricultural products can not reach the standard in the aspects of sanitation, quality and the like, and the quality of the fruits is seriously. In addition, the simple greenhouse has the advantages that the heat loss is serious due to fast air circulation, the temperature of the rain-proof greenhouse is low, and the airing time is greatly prolonged. And the near stratum often becomes mildewed and goes bad due to low temperature and air impermeability, so that the product value is reduced, the price of fruits is further influenced, and the planting enthusiasm and the initiative of farmers are influenced to a certain extent. Although a large amount of capital is invested in part of civil enterprises to establish a drying base, the quality of a final product is influenced due to the problem of the quality of a purchased semi-finished product, and meanwhile, a large amount of electric energy is consumed for drying, so that the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a multifunctional three-dimensional airing warm shed comprises a front end heat preservation wall, a rear end heat preservation wall, a rolling door, a fixed base, an arch frame, a cross beam, a shed film, a concrete hardened ground, a drainage channel, a support pier, a pulley track, an airing disc and a ventilation device; two rows of parallel fixed bases are arranged between the front-end heat-insulating wall and the rear-end heat-insulating wall on the left and right; a ventilation device is arranged on the upper part of the rear-end heat-insulating wall and is communicated with the outdoor; the front end heat preservation wall is provided with an arched doorway and a rolling door; a drainage channel is arranged on the outer side of the fixed base; the drainage channels are mutually communicated through a pipe network design and are communicated with the multifunctional operation room; a plurality of groups of arch frames are arranged on the fixed base, and two ends of each arch frame are fixedly connected with the two rows of fixed bases respectively; the cross beam penetrates through the multiple groups of arch centering and is vertically and fixedly connected with the arch centering; the shed film covers the outer side of the arch center, and the lower part of the shed film is fixed on the fixed base; two rows of parallel supporting piers are arranged in the three-dimensional airing greenhouse; the pulley track is fixed on the support pier; four universal wheels are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom of the drying disc, are matched with the pulley rails and can slide on the pulley rails; the ground of the three-dimensional air-drying greenhouse is a concrete hardened ground.
Preferably, the greenhouse further comprises humidity sensors, wherein the humidity sensors are uniformly arranged on the cross beam, positioned on the inner side of the greenhouse film and connected with the ventilation device;
preferably, the length of the three-dimensional airing greenhouse is 30-50m, the width is 2.4-3.2m, and the height is 3.5 m;
preferably, the front-end heat-insulating wall and the rear-end heat-insulating wall are of color steel or brick-concrete structures;
preferably, the cross beam and the arch frame are made of bamboo or steel;
preferably, the greenhouse film is a plastic film;
preferably, the bottom of the drying tray is made of a bamboo mat, and the frame of the drying tray is made of rust-proof galvanized angle iron through welding;
preferably, the size of the supporting piers is 0.25m multiplied by 0.4m, and the distance is 1.5-1.8 m;
preferably, the length of the drying tray is 1.5-1.8m, the width is 1.0-1.2m, and the height is 0.05-0.10 m;
the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the method for covering the film on the outer side, hardening the film on the inner side and building the heat-insulating wall can improve the heat-insulating capacity of the multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse, can be repeatedly used for a long time, realizes all-weather airing, shortens the airing time, and simultaneously ensures the color and quality of fruits as the covering film can play a role in rain prevention and dust prevention;
(2) the bottom of the airing plate is made of a bamboo mat, so that the airing plate is not rusted, is easy to deform, and does not affect the appearance and the quality of the aired fruits. The size of the airing disc is moderate, and when the aired fruits are flatly paved in the airing disc, the fruits are aired uniformly, so that the quantity of the aired fruits is ensured, and the aired fruits are not too heavy; the bottom of the airing disc is provided with universal wheels which can slide on sliding rails, so that the burden of workers is reduced, and the airing efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the exterior of an embodiment of the multifunctional stereoscopic sunning greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of B-B in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of C-C in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lower interior portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the upper interior portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the inside of a three-dimensional drying greenhouse in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the drying tray in the embodiment of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the transfer vehicle structure.
The designations in the figures have the meaning: 101-front end heat preservation wall, 102-rear end heat preservation wall, 2-rolling door, 3-fixed base, 4-arch frame, 5-beam, 6-shed film, 7-concrete hardened ground, 8-drainage channel, 9-supporting pier, 10-pulley track, 11-drying disc, 12-temperature and humidity sensor, 13-ventilation device, 14-multifunctional operating room, 15-universal wheel, 16-drying disc frame, 17-bamboo mat and 18-transfer trolley.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse comprises a front-end heat-insulating wall 101, a rear-end heat-insulating wall 102, a rolling door 2, a fixed base 3, an arch frame 4, a cross beam 5, a greenhouse film 6, a concrete hardened ground 7, a drainage channel 8, a support pier 9, a pulley track 10, an airing disc 11, a temperature and humidity sensor 12, a ventilating device 13 and a transfer trolley 18.
The multifunctional operating room 14 comprises a cleaning, purifying and sterilizing room, a finished product storage green room, a packaging workshop, a working workshop, a numerical control working room and an analysis laboratory. After the fruits are finished being aired, the fruits are further processed through the multifunctional operating room 14.
The length of the three-dimensional airing greenhouse is 30-50m, the width is 2.4-3.2m, and the height is 3.5 m;
the front-end heat-insulating wall 101 and the rear-end heat-insulating wall 102 are of color steel or brick-concrete structures;
two rows of parallel fixed bases 3 are arranged between the front-end heat-insulating wall 101 and the rear-end heat-insulating wall 102. The upper part of the front-end heat-insulating wall 101 is provided with a ventilation device 13, and the ventilation device 13 is communicated with the outside.
The rear-end heat-insulating wall 102 is provided with an arched doorway and is provided with a roll-up door 2. The rolling door 2 is arranged to play a good sealing role, so that mosquitoes and dust are prevented from entering the rolling door, a heat preservation role is played, the airing time is shortened, and the efficiency is improved.
The outer side of the fixed base 3 is provided with a water drainage channel 8, and the water drainage channels 8 are communicated with each other through a pipe network design and are communicated with a multifunctional operating room 14. Water resources in the cleaning chamber in the multifunctional operation room 14 are obtained by enabling water collected by the drainage channel 8 to flow into the filtering and cleaning chamber for disinfection treatment, and the method for recycling the water resources can meet the basic requirement of gobi agriculture on more daylighting and less water utilization.
A plurality of groups of arch frames 4 are arranged on the fixed base 3, and two ends of each arch frame 4 are respectively fixedly connected with the two rows of fixed bases 3; the cross beam 5 penetrates through the multiple groups of arch centering 4 and is vertically and fixedly connected with the arch centering 4; the cross beam 5 and the arch frame 4 are made of bamboo or steel, so that the whole drying shed is stable in structure and strong in wind and snow resistance.
The shed film 6 covers the outer side of the arch frame 4, and the lower part of the shed film is fixed on the fixed base 3; the shed film 6 adopts a plastic film; the heat conductivity is low, the light transmittance is good, the arch center 4 is covered with the heat conducting material, a relatively sealed greenhouse space is formed, and the convection heat transfer and the radiation heat transfer to the outer surface of the greenhouse can be reduced: the heat conduction and the heat dissipation of the covering material are reduced, the convection heat transfer of the outer surface of the greenhouse to the atmosphere is reduced, the radiation heat transfer is reduced, the convection heat transfer caused by the exposed wind of the covering surface is reduced, the heat preservation effect in the greenhouse is good, the greenhouse can be repeatedly used for a long time, and the economic benefit is high; in addition, the shed film can play a good role in dust prevention and rain prevention, can realize all-weather airing, shortens the airing time, and can effectively prevent the influence on the color and the quality of the aired objects caused by rain and insolation.
Two rows of parallel supporting piers 9 are arranged in the three-dimensional airing greenhouse; the pulley track 10 is fixed to the support pier 9.
The bottom of the drying disc 11 is respectively provided with four universal wheels 15 which are matched with the pulley rails 10 and can slide on the pulley rails 10; when fruits need to be aired, the fruits needing to be aired are firstly placed on the airing disc 11 and are transported to the three-dimensional airing greenhouse through the transfer trolley 18 shown in fig. 9, workers lift the airing disc on the sliding rail 10 and move the airing disc 11 through the sliding rail 10, the operation is time-saving and labor-saving, and the airing efficiency is improved.
As shown in FIG. 6, the humidity sensors 12 are uniformly arranged on the beam 5, are positioned at the inner side of the greenhouse film 6, and are connected with the ventilation device 13 and the multifunctional operation room 14. When the temperature and humidity sensor 12 senses that the air humidity in the greenhouse reaches 75-85%, the temperature and humidity sensor 12 transmits a signal to a ventilation device 13 control switch of the multifunctional operation room 14 to control the ventilation device 13 to be automatically opened to blow out water vapor in the greenhouse outdoors, and when the air humidity is reduced to 45-50%, the ventilation device 13 is automatically stopped. After the ventilation system is started, the indoor temperature is reduced along with the reduction of the air humidity, but the reduction range is about 10 ℃, and the great influence on the airing of fruits cannot be caused. Besides being automatically switched on and off according to signals of the temperature and humidity sensor 12, the ventilation device 13 can also be manually controlled by controlling the switch through the ventilation device 13 of the multifunctional operating room 14, and the fruits can still be quickly aired and dried.
The ground of the three-dimensional air-drying greenhouse is a concrete hardened ground 7, so that a large amount of heat can be absorbed in the daytime and released at night, and the greenhouse can be kept at a higher temperature; and the transfer trolley is convenient to pass.
As shown in fig. 7, two rows of parallel support piers 9 with the size of 0.25m × 0.25m × 0.4m and the distance between the support piers of 1.5-1.8m are arranged in the multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse; the pulley track 10 is fixed to the support pier 9.
As shown in figure 8, the length of the airing disc 11 is 1.5-1.8m, the width is 1.0-1.2m, the height is 0.05-0.10m, the size is moderate, and when aired fruits are flatly paved in the airing disc 11, the fruits are aired uniformly, so that the quantity of aired fruits is ensured, the fruits are not too heavy, and the transportation is facilitated.
The bottom of the airing tray 11 is made of a bamboo mat 17, so that the airing tray is not rusted and is easy to deform, and the appearance and the quality of aired fruits are not influenced. The drying plate frame 16 is made of galvanized angle iron in a welded mode, the effect of manufacturing the bamboo mat 17 is achieved, the drying plate 11 can be placed on the supporting piers 9 conveniently, the universal wheels 15 are arranged at the bottom of the drying plate 11 and can slide on the sliding rails 10, the burden of workers is relieved, and the drying efficiency is improved.
In general, in the fruit ripening season, the illumination intensity temperature is high, and because the three-dimensional multifunctional airing greenhouse basically realizes full-day illumination, the indoor temperature can reach 50-70 ℃, and the real observation shows that the temperature in the greenhouse is basically 1.5-2.1 times of the outdoor temperature. Namely, when the outdoor temperature is 25 ℃, the temperature in the drying greenhouse can reach 50-55 ℃.
The comparative research shows that the same amount of fruits can be aired under the same conditions, the open air airing needs 4-6 days, the multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse can be used for ensuring that the fruits are not influenced by external factors, the all-weather airing is realized, the airing time can be shortened to 3-4 days, and the market opportunity can be preempted. Moreover, the quality of the aired fruits is high, and higher economic and social benefits can be generated.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse is characterized by comprising a front-end heat-insulating wall (101), a rear-end heat-insulating wall (102), a fixed base (3), an arch frame (4), a cross beam (5), a greenhouse film (6), a concrete hardened ground (7), a drainage channel (8), a support pier (9), a pulley track (10), an airing disc (11) and a ventilation device (13); two rows of parallel fixed bases (3) are arranged between the front-end heat-insulating wall (101) and the rear-end heat-insulating wall (102); a ventilation device (13) is arranged at the upper part of the rear end heat-insulating wall (102), and the ventilation device (13) is communicated with the outside; the front end heat preservation wall (101) is provided with an arched doorway and a rolling door (2); a drainage channel (8) is arranged on the outer side of the fixed base (3); the drainage channels (8) are communicated with each other through a pipe network design and are communicated with the multifunctional operation room (14); a plurality of groups of arch frames (4) are arranged on the fixed base (3), and two ends of each arch frame (4) are respectively fixedly connected with the two rows of fixed bases (3); the cross beam (5) penetrates through the multiple groups of arch frames (4) and is vertically and fixedly connected with the arch frames (4); the shed film (6) covers the outer side of the arch frame (4), and the lower part of the shed film is fixed on the fixed base (3); two rows of parallel supporting piers (9) are arranged in the three-dimensional airing greenhouse; the pulley track (10) is fixed on the support pier (9); four universal wheels (15) are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom of the airing disc (11), are matched with the pulley rails (10), and can slide on the pulley rails (10); the ground of the three-dimensional air-drying greenhouse is a concrete hardened ground (7).
2. The multifunctional stereoscopic airing greenhouse of claim 1, further comprising humidity sensors (12), wherein the humidity sensors (12) are uniformly arranged on the cross beams (5), are positioned on the inner side of the greenhouse film (6), and are connected with the ventilation device (13).
3. The multifunctional stereoscopic airing greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the stereoscopic airing greenhouse is 30-50m long, 2.4-3.2m wide and 3.5m high.
4. The multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the front-end heat-insulating wall (101) and the rear-end heat-insulating wall (102) are of color steel or brick-concrete structures.
5. The multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the arch frame (4) and the cross beams (5) are made of bamboo or steel.
6. The multifunctional stereoscopic airing greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the greenhouse film (6) is a plastic film.
7. The multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the bottoms of the airing trays (11) are made of bamboo mats (17), and the airing tray frames (16) are made of rust-proof galvanized angle iron through welding.
8. The multifunctional stereoscopic airing greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the support piers (9) have the size of 0.25m x 0.4m and the interval of 1.5-1.8 m.
9. The multifunctional stereoscopic airing greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the airing tray (11) has a length of 1.5 to 1.8m, a width of 1.0 to 1.2m, and a height of 0.05 to 0.10 m.
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CN201910856525.8A CN110593616A (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Multifunctional three-dimensional airing greenhouse |
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Cited By (1)
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CN111296870A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-19 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Dry fruit airing room and fresh fruit drying method |
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CN101194577A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-11 | 张俊成 | Conjoined green house |
CN201365509Y (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-12-23 | 湖南唐人神肉制品有限公司 | Drying house for automatically controlling dehydration and drying of food |
CN205695560U (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-11-23 | 青海万里红绿色生态开发有限公司 | A kind of dried fruit of lycium barbarum processing twin tunnel drying room |
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CN109184284A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-11 | 刘风军 | One builds the building of multi-purpose multifunctional nature temperature control canopy |
CN209324069U (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-08-30 | 莎吉达·肉孜 | A kind of light room that dries in the air of packaged type |
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CN111296870A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-19 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Dry fruit airing room and fresh fruit drying method |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |