CN110583203B

CN110583203B - Harvesting device of sole dioscorea

Info

Publication number: CN110583203B
Application number: CN201910913871.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邵勤; 丁永电; 吴琦; 水德聚
Original assignee: Yichun University
Current assignee: Yichun Ganxi Facility Agriculture Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-09-25
Filing date: 2019-09-25
Publication date: 2021-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-25
Also published as: CN110583203A

Abstract

The invention provides a harvesting device of yam rhizomes, which comprises a rack, a pretreatment mechanism, an excavating mechanism, a screening mechanism and a collecting box, wherein the pretreatment mechanism, the excavating mechanism, the screening mechanism and the collecting box are sequentially arranged on the rack, walking wheels are arranged at the bottom of the rack, the pretreatment mechanism is used for loosening the soil of a ridge and cutting branches on two sides of the ridge, the excavating mechanism is used for excavating the yam rhizomes, the screening mechanism is used for conveying the yam rhizomes to the collecting box and screening the yam rhizomes and the soil in the conveying process, the screening mechanism comprises a mounting frame movably arranged on the rack, a conveying component arranged on the mounting frame, a transmission component and a horizontal vibrating motor arranged on the mounting frame, power drives the transmission component to work through the transmission component, and the mounting frame horizontally vibrates under the action of the horizontal vibrating motor. The harvesting device of the dioscorea zingiberensis C.H. Wright provided by the invention can greatly save manpower, and has higher harvesting efficiency and lower harvesting damage rate.

Description

Harvesting device of sole dioscorea

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a harvesting device for dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright.

Background

In traditional agricultural production process, when the sole dioscorea opposita is harvested, people rely on manpower and hand tools to complete harvesting operation, although the harvesting damage rate is low, the labor intensity is very high, the injury can be caused to human bodies, and the production efficiency is low.

In summary, how to improve the efficiency and reduce the labor intensity of harvesting the peltate yam is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by the technicians in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a harvesting device of dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright, which solves the problems of high labor intensity and low production efficiency when dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright is harvested manually.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a harvesting device of a peltate yam rhizome comprises a frame, a pretreatment mechanism, a digging mechanism, a screening mechanism and a collecting box which are arranged on the frame in sequence, the bottom of the frame is provided with traveling wheels, the pretreatment mechanism is used for loosening the soil of the ridge and cutting branches on two sides of the ridge, the excavating mechanism is used for excavating the dioscorea panthaica, the screening mechanism is used for conveying the dioscorea panthaica to the collecting box and screening dioscorea panthaica and soil in the conveying process, screening mechanism sets up including the activity mounting bracket in the frame, set up and be in conveying subassembly, drive assembly on the mounting bracket and setting are in horizontal vibrating motor on the mounting bracket, power passes through drive assembly orders about conveying subassembly work, the mounting bracket is in horizontal vibration is done under horizontal vibrating motor's the effect.

Further, the conveying assembly comprises a chain transmission unit and a plurality of connecting rods, the chain transmission unit is provided with two parallel chains which rotate synchronously, and the connecting rods are connected between the two chains.

Furthermore, the screening mechanism further comprises a plurality of soft brush rollers rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, the soft brush rollers are arranged below the connecting rods positioned on the upper side, and the soft brush rollers are connected with the transmission assembly.

Furthermore, the transmission assembly comprises a driving belt wheel, a first belt, a first driven belt wheel connected with the driving belt wheel through the first belt, a second belt and a second driven belt wheel connected with the first driven belt wheel through the second belt, the first driven belt wheel is in transmission connection with the chain transmission unit, the second driven belt wheel is in transmission connection with a soft brush roller, the soft brush roller is connected with first gears, and every two adjacent first gears are in transmission connection through a second gear.

Furthermore, the left side and the right side of the mounting rack are respectively provided with at least two guide pillars, the guide pillars are in sliding fit with the rack, first springs are sleeved on the guide pillars, and the first springs are located between the mounting rack and the rack.

Furthermore, the collecting box is vertically arranged on a rear frame body of the rack in a sliding mode, a plurality of second springs are arranged between the bottom of the collecting box and the rear frame body, a feeding hole is formed in the front side of the collecting box, a discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the collecting box, and an auxiliary baffle is arranged on the front side of the rear frame body.

Furthermore, a rubber buffer is mounted at the upper end of the auxiliary baffle, and the foot plate yams conveyed by the screening mechanism fall into the collection box through the rubber buffer.

Furthermore, the rubber buffer part comprises a mounting strip part, a first arc-shaped bent part and a second arc-shaped bent part, the mounting strip part is mounted and connected on the auxiliary baffle, one end of the first arc-shaped bent part is connected on the mounting strip part, the other end of the first arc-shaped bent part extends into the collecting box, one end of the second arc-shaped bent part is connected on the lower surface of the first arc-shaped bent part, and the other end of the second arc-shaped bent part can be supported on the auxiliary baffle.

Further, the pretreatment mechanism is including rotating the setting and being in compression roller in the frame and being located a pair of circular cutter dish of compression roller rear end both sides, circular cutter dish rotates the setting and is in the frame.

Furthermore, the digging mechanism comprises a digging shovel and a plurality of soil sieving strips, the digging shovel is connected to the rack, and the plurality of soil sieving strips are connected to the rear end of the digging shovel in a comb-tooth shape.

According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the harvesting device is adopted to harvest the dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright, so that a large amount of labor can be saved, and the harvesting device has higher harvesting efficiency and lower harvesting damage rate.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a frame 1, a rear frame body 11, an auxiliary baffle 111, a lower guide column 112, a traveling wheel 12, a sliding hole 13, a pretreatment mechanism 2, a press roller 21, a circular cutter head 22, an excavating mechanism 3, an excavating shovel 31, a soil sieving strip 32, a guide plate 33, a sieving mechanism 4, a mounting frame 41, a guide column 411, a conveying assembly 42, a chain 421, a connecting rod 422, a transmission assembly 43, a driving pulley 431, a first belt 432, a first driven pulley 433, a second driven pulley 434, a second belt 435, a first gear 436, a second gear 437, a soft brush roller 44, a horizontal vibration motor 45, a first spring 46, a motor 47, a collecting box 5, a feeding hole 51, a discharging hole 52, a discharging valve 53, a sliding strip 54, a sliding rail 55, an upper guide column 56, a second spring 6, a rubber buffer 7, a mounting strip portion 71, a first arc bending portion 72 and a second arc bending portion 73.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

The invention is further explained with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the harvesting device for the dioscorea zingiberensis as shown in fig. 1 comprises a frame 1, and a pretreatment mechanism 2, an excavating mechanism 3, a screening mechanism 4 and a collecting box 5 which are sequentially arranged on the frame 1 from front to back, wherein the front end of the frame 1 is connected with a tractor, the bottom of a rear frame body 11 at the rear end of the frame 1 is provided with a travelling wheel 12, the pretreatment mechanism 2 is used for loosening the soil of a field and cutting branches at two sides of the field, the excavating mechanism 3 is used for excavating the dioscorea zingiberensis, and the screening mechanism 4 is used for conveying the dioscorea zingiberensis to the collecting box 5 and screening dioscorea zingiberensis and soil during the conveying process.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pretreatment mechanism 2 includes a press roller 21 rotatably provided on the frame 1 and a pair of circular cutters 22 located on both sides of the rear end of the press roller 21, and the circular cutters 22 are rotatably provided on the frame 1.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the excavating mechanism 3 includes an excavating blade 31 and a plurality of soil sieving strips 32, the excavating blade 31 is connected to the frame 1, and the plurality of soil sieving strips 32 are connected to the rear end of the excavating blade 31 in a comb-tooth shape.

Preferably, the digger blade 31 is provided with a guide plate 33 on each side, and the guide plates 33 are arranged so that the foot yam can be better transferred to the sifting mechanism 4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the screening mechanism 4 includes a mounting frame 41 movably disposed on the frame 1, a conveying assembly 42 disposed on the mounting frame 41, a transmission assembly 43, and a plurality of brush rollers 44 rotatably disposed on the mounting frame 41, the conveying assembly 42 includes a chain transmission unit and a plurality of connecting rods 422, the chain transmission unit has two parallel chains 421 rotating synchronously, the plurality of connecting rods 422 are connected between the two chains 421, the brush rollers 44 are disposed below the connecting rods 422 at the upper side, the transmission assembly 43 includes a driving pulley 431, a first belt 432, a first driven pulley 433 connected with the driving pulley 431 through the first belt 432, a second belt 435, and a second driven pulley 434 connected with the first driven pulley 433 through the second belt 435, the first driven pulley 433 is in transmission connection with the chain transmission unit, the second driven pulley 434 is in transmission connection with the brush rollers 44 at the rearmost end, each of the plurality of bristle rollers 44 is connected with a first gear 436, two adjacent first gears 436 are in transmission connection with each other through a second gear 437, and when the brush device is used, power is provided by a motor 47, the motor 47 is arranged on the mounting frame 41, and the driving pulley 431 is mounted on an output shaft of the motor 47, wherein the transmission assembly 42 and the plurality of bristle rollers 44 are driven to work through the transmission assembly 43.

The screening mechanism 4 further comprises a horizontal vibration motor 45, the horizontal vibration motor 45 is arranged on the mounting frame 41, two guide pillars 411 are arranged on each of the left side and the right side of the mounting frame 41, four sliding holes 13 are formed in the rack 1, the guide pillars 411 are in sliding fit with the corresponding sliding holes 13, a first spring 46 is sleeved on each guide pillar 411, the first spring 46 is located between the mounting frame 41 and the rack 1, when the horizontal vibration motor 45 works, the horizontal vibration motor 45 can drive the mounting frame 41 to horizontally vibrate, and in addition, the number of the guide pillars 411 on each side of the mounting frame 41 can be set to be three or four.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the collecting box 5 is vertically slidably disposed on the rear frame 11 of the rack 1, specifically, two sliding bars 54 are disposed on each of the left and right sides of the collecting box 5, a sliding rail 55 matched with the sliding bar 54 is disposed on the rear frame 11, two second springs 6 are disposed between the bottom of the collecting box 5 and the bottom of the rear frame 11, the upper ends of the second springs 6 are sleeved on corresponding upper guide posts 56 on the lower surface of the bottom of the collecting box 5, the lower ends of the second springs 6 are sleeved on corresponding lower guide posts 112 on the upper surface of the bottom of the rear frame 11, in addition, the number of the second springs 6 can be one, three or four, a feed inlet 51 is disposed on the front side of the collecting box 5, a discharge outlet 52 is disposed on the bottom of the rear side of the collecting box 5, a discharge valve 53 is disposed at the discharge outlet 52, an auxiliary baffle 111 is disposed on the front side of the rear frame 11, and as the number of the, the second spring 6 is gradually compressed, and the height of the collecting box 5 is gradually reduced, so that the falling height of the foot plate yams thrown out by the screening and conveying mechanism 4 is always in a lower range, the foot plate yams are prevented from being broken due to the fact that the distance between the material throwing position of the screening and conveying mechanism 4 and the bottom wall of the collecting box 5 is too high, and the harvesting damage rate is effectively reduced.

Preferably, the rubber buffer 7 is mounted at the upper end of the auxiliary baffle 111, the rubber buffer 7 comprises a mounting strip portion 71, a first arc-shaped bent portion 72 and a second arc-shaped bent portion 73, the mounting strip portion 71 is mounted and connected on the auxiliary baffle 111, one end of the first arc-shaped bent portion 72 is connected on the mounting strip portion 71, the other end of the first arc-shaped bent portion 72 extends into the collecting box 5, one end of the second arc-shaped bent portion 73 is connected on the lower surface of the first arc-shaped bent portion 72, the other end of the second arc-shaped bent portion 73 can be supported on the auxiliary baffle 111, when the collecting box 5 is used, a foot plate thrown out by the screening mechanism 4 firstly is buffered by the rubber buffer 7 and then falls into the collecting box 5, and the harvesting damage rate is further reduced.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in use, the tractor pulls the device to move forward, during the movement, the press roller 21 will loosen the ridge, the circular cutter head 22 will cut the branches interlaced with each other on both sides of the ridge, then the digging shovel 31 of the digging mechanism 3 will dig out the yam foot, and along with the moving yam foot of the device, the soil will be pushed to the soil screening bar 32 on the rear side of the digging shovel 31, after the yam foot mixed soil is pushed to the soil screening bar 32, the loosened soil will fall to the ground from the gaps between the soil screening bars 32, while the yam foot will be pushed to the sieving mechanism 4 under the guidance of the guide plate 33, after the yam foot is pushed to the sieving mechanism 4, the transmission component 42 will drive the yam foot to move backward, at the same time, the horizontal vibration motor 45 will drive the whole sieving mechanism 4 to vibrate left and right in the horizontal direction, make remaining earth and sole dioscorea separation and finally fall to ground from the space between the connecting rod 422 through the vibration, meanwhile, conveying assembly 42 can drive sole dioscorea through fast rotating's pappus brush roller 44, pappus brush roller 44 brushes and sweeps adnexed earth on the sole dioscorea, make the separation effect of earth and sole dioscorea better, also can prevent earth jam in the space between the connecting rod 422 effectively simultaneously, at last the sole dioscorea is carried to throw out behind the feed inlet 51 of collecting box 5 by conveying assembly 42, the sole dioscorea of whereabouts falls into collecting box 5 through the buffering of rubber buffer 7, after the results are accomplished, open discharge valve 53 on the collecting box 5, the sole dioscorea rolls off from discharge gate 52.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a harvesting apparatus of sole dioscorea, which is characterized in that, includes frame (1) and sets gradually pretreatment mechanism (2), excavation mechanism (3), sieve send mechanism (4) and collecting box (5) on frame (1), the bottom of frame (1) is provided with walking wheel (12), pretreatment mechanism (2) are used for loosening the soil and carry out the cutting-off processing to the branch of ridge both sides to the farmland, excavation mechanism (3) are used for excavating the sole dioscorea, sieve send mechanism (4) be arranged in with sole dioscorea carry to in collecting box (5) and sieve sole dioscorea and earth in transportation process, sieve send mechanism (4) including the activity setting mounting bracket (41) on frame (1), set up conveying subassembly (42), drive assembly (43) on mounting bracket (41) and set up horizontal vibrating motor (45) on mounting bracket (41), power passes through drive assembly (43) orders about conveying assembly (42) work, mounting bracket (41) are in horizontal vibration is done under the effect of horizontal vibration motor (45), collecting box (5) vertical slip sets up on rear frame body (11) of frame (1), the bottom of collecting box (5) with be provided with a plurality of second spring (6) between rear frame body (11), the front side of collecting box (5) is provided with feed inlet (51), the bottom of collecting box (5) is provided with discharge gate (52), the front side of rear frame body (11) is provided with supplementary baffle (111), rubber buffer (7) are installed to the upper end of supplementary baffle (111), the sole dioscorea process that screening mechanism (4) carried rubber buffer (7) fall into collecting box (5), rubber buffer (7) are including installation strip portion (71), The collecting box is characterized by comprising a first arc-shaped bent part (72) and a second arc-shaped bent part (73), wherein the mounting strip part (71) is mounted and connected on the auxiliary baffle (111), one end of the first arc-shaped bent part (72) is connected on the mounting strip part (71), the other end of the first arc-shaped bent part (72) extends into the collecting box (5), one end of the second arc-shaped bent part (73) is connected on the lower surface of the first arc-shaped bent part (72), and the other end of the second arc-shaped bent part (73) can be supported on the auxiliary baffle (111).

2. The harvesting device of rhizoma Dioscoreae from the foot plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer assembly (42) comprises a chain transmission unit having two parallel and synchronously rotating chains (421) and a plurality of connecting rods (422), the plurality of connecting rods (422) are connected between the two chains (421).

3. The harvesting device of rhizoma Dioscoreae from the foot board according to claim 2, characterized in that the sifting mechanism (4) further comprises a plurality of soft brush rolls (44) rotatably arranged on the mounting rack (41), the soft brush rolls (44) are arranged below the connecting rod (422) on the upper side, and the soft brush rolls (44) are connected with the transmission assembly (43).

4. The harvesting device of rhizoma Dioscoreae according to claim 3, characterized in that the transmission assembly (43) comprises a driving pulley (431), a first belt (432), a first driven pulley (433) connected with the driving pulley (431) through the first belt (432), a second belt (435), and a second driven pulley (434) connected with the first driven pulley (433) through the second belt (435), the first driven pulley (433) is in transmission connection with the chain transmission unit, the second driven pulley (434) is in transmission connection with a soft brush roller (44), the soft brush roller (44) is connected with a first gear (436), and two adjacent first gears (436) are in transmission connection through a second gear (437).

5. The harvesting device of the foot plate yam as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least two guide columns (411) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the mounting frame (41), the guide columns (411) are in sliding fit with the frame (1), a first spring (46) is sleeved on each guide column (411), and the first spring (46) is located between the mounting frame (41) and the frame (1).

6. The harvesting device of the dioscorea zingiberensis from foot plates according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment mechanism (2) comprises a press roller (21) rotatably arranged on the frame (1) and a pair of circular cutter discs (22) positioned at two sides of the rear end of the press roller (21), and the circular cutter discs (22) are rotatably arranged on the frame (1).

7. The harvesting device of rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the digging mechanism (3) comprises a digging shovel (31) and a plurality of soil sieving strips (32), the digging shovel (31) is connected to the frame (1), and the plurality of soil sieving strips (32) are connected to the rear end of the digging shovel (31) in comb-tooth shape.