CN110579866B - Compact infrared visible common-light-path zooming optical system and target detection method - Google Patents
Compact infrared visible common-light-path zooming optical system and target detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110579866B CN110579866B CN201910879499.0A CN201910879499A CN110579866B CN 110579866 B CN110579866 B CN 110579866B CN 201910879499 A CN201910879499 A CN 201910879499A CN 110579866 B CN110579866 B CN 110579866B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
- G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
- G02B15/15—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective compensation by means of only one movement or by means of only linearly related movements, e.g. optical compensation
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- G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
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Abstract
The invention provides a compact infrared visible common-path zooming optical system, which comprises: visible light battery of lens, a catadioptric speculum one, a catadioptric speculum two and infrared battery of lens, infrared battery of lens is including the infrared focusing group, the infrared zoom group and the infrared compensation group of lens that arrange in proper order, the through-hole has been seted up at infrared focusing group center, the visible light battery of lens runs through in the through-hole, catadioptric speculum one is located between visible light battery of lens and the infrared zoom group of lens, the catadioptric speculum is two in one side of a catadioptric speculum one, and a catadioptric speculum two and a parallel arrangement of catadioptric speculum, including infrared after-fixing group, infrared after-fixing group sets up the one side at the infrared compensation group of lens. By implementing the invention, the optical path is more compact and concise, the focal length is variable, the cost is lower, the distortion caused by the zooming process is reduced, and the requirements of platforms such as a small photoelectric pod and the like on a light and small composite common optical axis optical system can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an infrared-visible common-path zooming optical system, in particular to a compact infrared-visible common-path zooming optical system and a target detection method.
Background
In a photoelectric detection system, multi-band detection is adopted to provide more-dimensional information of a target, and infrared and visible band compounding is a common multi-band compounding detection technology. In order to obtain a high-precision target position, high-precision image fusion and other technologies are realized; meanwhile, in order to adapt the compound optical system to a spherical head cap, the incident optical axes of the infrared and visible optical systems must be consistent, and common-axis imaging is realized.
The traditional common-path optical system adopts a spectroscope to realize wave band light splitting, the cost of the spectroscope is high, and the light splitting efficiency is generally not higher than 90%. The visible light and infrared optical systems are arranged side by side, the optical systems are large in size, the appearance is not circularly symmetrical, and space utilization is not facilitated. On platforms such as small photoelectric pods, due to space limitation, visible light and infrared light paths are generally arranged side by side, and the target detection precision is reduced.
At present, a common optical path optical system has been developed to a certain extent, a chinese patent publication No. CN109975961A, "a visible light and long wave infrared common caliber composite imaging optical system", discloses a visible light and long wave infrared common optical path optical system, a chinese patent publication No. CN109211413A, "an infrared visible light common aperture imaging optical system", discloses an infrared visible light common aperture imaging optical system including a primary and secondary reflector, a chinese patent publication No. CN102495473A, "a visible light and infrared light splitting system", discloses a visible light and infrared light path separating system, the common characteristics of these optical systems are fixed focal length, lack of zoom function, zoom optical design usually causes distortion effect on infrared imaging, especially after infrared and visible common optical path design, the distortion is more obvious due to complexity of optical path increase, the zoom-in or zoom-out lens cannot be drawn in or out at will according to the requirements, and with the application development of photoelectric detection, the requirement on zooming is increasingly strong, and a zoom common optical path optical system is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compact infrared and visible common-path zooming optical system, which solves the problems that the traditional common-path optical system has larger volume, fixed focal length and higher cost, has distortion phenomenon in zooming and can not meet the requirement of a small optical level platform on the space volume.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a compact infrared-visible common-path zoom optical system, which comprises: visible light battery of lens, a catadioptric speculum one, a catadioptric speculum two and infrared battery of lens, infrared battery of lens is including the infrared focusing group, the infrared zoom group and the infrared compensation group of lens that arrange in proper order, the through-hole has been seted up at infrared focusing group center, the visible light battery of lens runs through in the through-hole, catadioptric speculum one is located between visible light battery of lens and the infrared zoom group, the catadioptric speculum is two in one side of a catadioptric speculum one, and a second and a parallel arrangement of catadioptric speculum.
Further, it also includes: the infrared rear fixing group is arranged on one side of the infrared compensation lens group.
Further, it also includes: the cam mechanism comprises a first cam, a second cam and a lens barrel, and the first cam and the second cam are arranged in the lens barrel.
Furthermore, the first cam is fixedly connected with the infrared focusing group, and the second cam is fixedly connected with the infrared compensation lens group.
Furthermore, the first turning reflector and the second turning reflector are respectively arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees with the optical axis.
Furthermore, the invention also discloses a target detection method by using the compact infrared visible common-path zooming optical system, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, visible light and infrared light beams are incident to an inlet of an optical system on a common optical axis;
step two, when the incident parallel light beams of the visible light pass through the visible light lens group, the incident parallel light beams become convergent light beams, and the convergent light beams are refracted and rotated by the first refracting reflector and the second refracting reflector, are perpendicular to the incident optical axis and form images on a visible phase plane;
imaging on an infrared image surface after infrared incident parallel light beams pass through an infrared optical system consisting of an infrared focusing group, a first catadioptric mirror, an infrared zooming lens group, an infrared compensation lens group and an infrared rear fixing group;
and fourthly, the first cam and the second cam axially move along the inner part of the lens cone and drive the infrared zoom lens group and the infrared compensation lens group to move so as to detect the target.
Furthermore, the working wave band of the infrared optical system is 8 um-14 um.
Further, the visible light is a fixed focal length, and the infrared light is a variable focal length.
Furthermore, the infrared zoom lens group, the infrared compensation lens group and the infrared rear fixing group are sequentially arranged in a reducing manner along the optical axis direction.
Furthermore, the infrared zoom lens group, the infrared compensation lens group and the infrared rear fixing group are arranged in a coaxial manner.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by changing the arrangement mode of the visible light lens group and the infrared lens group, the size of an optical system is reduced, space utilization is facilitated, and the target detection precision is improved;
2. the infrared rear fixing group is combined with the infrared compensation lens group to realize continuous zooming, so that an image at each position in the zooming process is very clear;
3. through continuous optimization of light path design and adjustment of a cam mechanism, distortion is reduced to a small range to a greater extent, and therefore the common-light-path zooming invention design is achieved;
4. the invention has the advantages of compact and simple light path, variable focal length and low cost, and can meet the requirements of platforms such as small photoelectric pod and the like on light and small composite common optical axis optical systems.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compact infrared-visible common-path zoom optical system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam mechanism in the compact infrared-visible common-path zoom optical system according to the present invention.
Legend: 1. a visible light lens group; 2. a first turning reflector; 3. a second turning reflector; 4. an infrared lens group; 41. an infrared focusing group; 42. an infrared zoom lens group; 43. an infrared compensation lens group; 44. infrared rear fixing group; 5. a cam mechanism; 51. a first cam; 52. a second cam; 53. a lens barrel; 54. an electric motor.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure in the specification. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, and not restrictive, of the embodiments of the disclosure. The disclosure may be embodied or carried out in various other specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made in the details within the description without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the appended claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the disclosure, one skilled in the art should appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspects and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Additionally, such an apparatus may be implemented and/or such a method may be practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present disclosure, and the drawings only show the components related to the present disclosure rather than the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, amount and ratio of the components in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the aspects may be practiced without these specific details.
Example 1
The invention discloses a compact infrared-visible common light path zooming optical system, which comprises a visible light lens group 1, a first refraction and reflection mirror 2, a second refraction and reflection mirror 3 and an infrared lens group 4, wherein the infrared lens group 4 comprises an infrared focusing group 41, an infrared zooming lens group 42 and an infrared compensation lens group 43 which are sequentially arranged, a through hole 411 is arranged at the center of the infrared focusing group 41, compared with the prior visible light and infrared light paths which are arranged side by side, the light path light splitting design adopts circular symmetry of the appearance, not only reduces the volume of the optical system and is beneficial to space utilization, but also solves the problem of high cost brought by the traditional spectroscope, and increases the precision of target detection, the visible light lens group 1 penetrates through the through hole 411, the first refraction and reflection mirror 2 is positioned between the visible light lens group 1 and the infrared zooming lens group 42, the second refraction and reflection mirror 3 is positioned at one side of the first refraction and reflection mirror 2, and the second turning reflector 3 and the first turning reflector 2 are arranged in parallel, so that the optical axis of the visible optical system is parallel to the optical axis of the infrared optical system, namely the second turning reflector 3 and the first turning reflector 2 are respectively arranged in an equiangular manner with the main optical axis, so that the infrared-visible common optical path optical system is realized.
The main optical axis in the application refers to an optical axis of the visible light and the infrared light beam which are incident to the entrance of the optical system in a common optical axis mode.
The infrared rear fixing group 44 is arranged on one side of the infrared compensation lens group 43, and the infrared rear fixing group 44 is combined with the infrared compensation lens group 43 to realize continuous zooming, so that an image at each position in the zooming process is very clear, distortion caused by applying the zooming optical system to a visible light infrared common-path optical system is obviously reduced, and a high-precision target position is obtained.
The invention also includes: the cam mechanism 5 comprises a first cam 51, a second cam 52, a lens barrel 53 and a motor 54, the motor 54 is arranged on the outer wall of the lens barrel 53, the first cam 51 and the second cam 52 are arranged in the lens barrel 53, the first cam 51 is fixedly connected with the infrared focusing group 41, the second cam 52 is fixedly connected with the infrared compensating lens group 43, the optical path design is continuously optimized, and the cam mechanism 5 is adjusted to reduce the distortion to a small range to a greater extent, so that the design of the common optical path zooming invention is realized, and a high-precision target position is obtained.
According to the invention, the first turning reflector 2 and the second turning reflector 3 are respectively arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees with the optical axis, so that the optical axis of the visible optical system is parallel to the optical axis of the infrared optical system, and the directions of the visible light image and the infrared image are consistent.
Example 2
The invention also discloses a target detection method by using the compact infrared-visible common-path zooming optical system, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, visible light and infrared light beams are incident to an inlet of an optical system on a common optical axis;
when the incident parallel light beams of visible light pass through the visible light lens group 1, the incident parallel light beams become convergent light beams, and the convergent light beams are bent by 90 degrees through the first turning reflector 2 and then are bent by 90 degrees through the second turning reflector 3, so that the image surface is positioned outside the infrared light beams, is vertical to the incident optical axis and forms images on a visible phase surface;
imaging on an infrared image surface after infrared incident parallel light beams pass through an infrared optical system consisting of an infrared focusing group 41, a first catadioptric mirror 2, an infrared zoom lens group 42, an infrared compensation lens group 43 and an infrared rear fixing group 44;
and fourthly, the first cam 51 and the second cam 52 axially move along the inner part of the lens cone 53 and drive the infrared zoom lens group 41 and the infrared compensation lens group 43 to move so as to detect the target and obtain a more accurate target.
In the zooming process, the motor 54 drives the outer wall of the lens barrel 53 to rotate, and pushes the first cam 51 and the second cam 52 to axially move according to the groove line of the inner wall of the lens barrel 53, so that the infrared zoom lens group 42 and the infrared compensation lens group 43 are driven to move according to a certain track, and the zooming effect of infrared imaging is finally realized.
The visible light lens group 1 is located near the entrance pupil position of the infrared lens group 4, and only shields part of incident energy of the infrared light beam, so that the imaging effect of the optical system is not influenced.
The working waveband of the infrared optical system is 8-14 um, and the continuous zooming of 5-30 times can be achieved, so that the target detection precision is improved.
According to the invention, the visible light is a fixed focal length, and the visible light infrared is a variable focal length, so that a better target detection effect is obtained.
According to the invention, the infrared zoom lens group 42, the infrared compensation lens group 43 and the infrared rear fixing group 44 are sequentially arranged in a reduction manner along the optical axis direction, so that light beams are more focused, and imaging is facilitated.
The infrared zoom lens group 42, the infrared compensation lens group 43 and the infrared rear fixing group 44 are arranged coaxially so as to be parallel to the optical axis of the visible light optical system.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: through continuous optimization of light path design, namely visible light and infrared common light path optical system design, light splitting system design, zooming optical system design and adjustment of the cam structure 5, the motor 54 drives the first cam 51 and the second cam 52 to drive the infrared zooming lens group 42 and the infrared compensation lens group 43 to move, so that an optical system with small space volume is obtained, continuous zooming can be realized through the infrared rear fixing group 44 and the infrared compensation lens group 43, images at each position in the zooming process are very clear, distortion is reduced to a small range, and accordingly the common light path zooming invention design is realized.
The invention realizes a compact infrared and visible common light path zooming optical system, greatly reduces the space volume of the system, enables the light path to be more compact and concise, has variable focal length and lower cost, reduces the distortion to a very small range, realizes the common light path zooming, can meet the requirements of platforms such as small photoelectric pod and the like on a light and small composite common optical axis optical system, solves the technical problems of overlarge light path volume and low imaging quality in the prior art, and particularly realizes the zooming function due to the improvement of the complexity of the light path after the infrared and visible common light path is designed, thereby enabling the distortion to be more obvious.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A compact infrared-visible common-path zoom optical system, comprising: the infrared focusing lens assembly comprises a visible light lens assembly (1), a first catadioptric reflector (2), a second catadioptric reflector (3) and an infrared lens assembly (4), wherein the infrared lens assembly (4) comprises an infrared focusing assembly (41), an infrared zooming lens assembly (42) and an infrared compensation lens assembly (43) which are sequentially arranged, a through hole (411) is formed in the center of the infrared focusing assembly (41), the visible light lens assembly (1) penetrates through the through hole (411), the first catadioptric reflector (2) is located between the visible light lens assembly (1) and the infrared zooming lens assembly (42), the second catadioptric reflector (3) is located on one side of the first catadioptric reflector (2), and the second catadioptric reflector (3) and the first catadioptric reflector (2) are arranged in parallel; it still includes: the infrared rear fixing group (44) is arranged on one side of the infrared compensation mirror group (43).
2. A compact infrared-visible common path zoom optical system according to claim 1, further comprising: the cam mechanism (5) comprises a first cam (51), a second cam (52) and a lens barrel (53), and the first cam (51) and the second cam (52) are arranged in the lens barrel (53).
3. The compact infrared-visible common-path zooming optical system as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that the first cam (51) is fixedly connected with the infrared focusing group (41), and the second cam (52) is fixedly connected with the infrared compensating lens group (43).
4. The compact infrared-visible common-path zooming optical system of claim 1, wherein the first turning mirror (2) and the second turning mirror (3) are respectively arranged at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the optical axis.
5. An object detection method using a compact infrared-visible common-path zoom optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, visible light and infrared light beams are incident to an inlet of an optical system on a common optical axis;
step two, when the incident parallel light beams of the visible light pass through the visible light lens group (1), the incident parallel light beams become convergent light beams, and the convergent light beams are refracted and rotated through a first refracting reflector (2) and then refracted and rotated through a second refracting reflector (3), are vertical to the incident optical axis and form images on a visible phase plane;
imaging on an infrared image surface after infrared incident parallel light beams pass through an infrared optical system consisting of an infrared focusing group (41), a first catadioptric mirror (2), an infrared zoom lens group (42), an infrared compensation lens group (43) and an infrared rear fixing group (44);
and fourthly, the cam I (51) and the cam II (52) axially move along the inner part of the lens cone (53) and drive the infrared zoom lens group (41) and the infrared compensation lens group (43) to move so as to detect the target.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the operating band of the infrared optical system is 8um to 14 um.
7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the visible light is a fixed focal length and the infrared is a variable focal length.
8. The method for detecting the target of the compact infrared-visible common-path zooming optical system according to claim 5, wherein the infrared zoom lens group (42), the infrared compensation lens group (43) and the infrared rear fixing group (44) are sequentially arranged in a tapered manner along the optical axis direction.
9. The method for detecting the target of the compact infrared-visible common-path zooming optical system according to claim 5, wherein the infrared zoom lens group (42), the infrared compensation lens group (43) and the infrared rear fixed group (44) are arranged coaxially.
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