CN110578640A - Double-impeller water turbine - Google Patents
Double-impeller water turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110578640A CN110578640A CN201911036721.7A CN201911036721A CN110578640A CN 110578640 A CN110578640 A CN 110578640A CN 201911036721 A CN201911036721 A CN 201911036721A CN 110578640 A CN110578640 A CN 110578640A
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- impeller
- belt
- transverse plate
- arm
- transmission mechanism
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/06—Bearing arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/14—Rotors having adjustable blades
- F03B3/145—Mechanisms for adjusting the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/329—Azimuth or yaw angle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-impeller water turbine, and belongs to the technical field of fluid machinery. The water turbine comprises a frame, an upper transverse plate, a main transmission mechanism, an upper convection arm, an upper bearing seat, an output shaft, a first impeller mechanism, a second impeller mechanism, a lower transverse plate, a lower convection arm and a lower bearing seat; the first impeller mechanism and the second impeller mechanism are arranged between the upper transverse plate and the lower transverse plate, the two impellers can respectively rotate around the rotating shafts under the action of fluid, but the rotating directions are opposite, and the reverse torques of the rotating shafts of the two impellers are output to the output shaft in the same direction through the main transmission mechanism; the upper convection arm and the lower convection arm are fixedly connected with the upper transverse plate and the lower transverse plate respectively, and the impeller and the main transmission mechanism are installed on the frame through the upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat so as to realize the yawing of the water turbine. The double-impeller water turbine organically integrates the lift-drag characteristics of the blades, has the advantages of excellent self-starting performance, high conversion efficiency, flexible arrangement, environmental friendliness, low site selection requirement, wide application range and the like, can be applied to most of sea areas and inland rivers, and has wide application prospects in water resource development.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluid machinery, and particularly relates to a double-impeller water turbine.
Background art:
Water resources are a green renewable energy source with abundant reserves, large energy flow density and strong predictability, and development and utilization of the water resources are always concerned. At present, the development of water resources is mainly oriented to two aspects, namely inland rivers and lakes are dammed, the water head is improved, the potential energy of water is converted into mechanical energy through a water turbine, and the mechanical energy is further converted into available electric energy. But the engineering quantity is large, the cost is high, and the damage to the environment is large. And secondly, the comprehensive development and utilization of ocean energy, which mainly comprises tidal energy, wave energy, ocean current energy, seawater temperature difference energy, salinity difference energy and the like, wherein the tidal energy and the ocean current energy are developed rapidly by taking a water turbine as main development equipment. However, the water turbine used for tidal current energy power generation still has some technical problems, for example, the starting flow rate generally exceeds 0.7m/s, the rated power flow rate generally exceeds 2m/s, the water turbine is mostly placed in the areas such as the strait, the water channel, the gulf mouth and the like in the region with rich tidal current energy resources, the limitation is large, the water turbine is not suitable for being popularized to the ordinary sea area with low tidal current flow rate, the tidal current energy resources cannot be developed to a large extent, and a large amount of energy is wasted.
The invention content is as follows:
The invention provides a double-impeller water turbine aiming at the technical problems of the existing water turbine. The double-impeller water turbine has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, low cost, easy maintenance, wide flow speed application range and high operation reliability and efficiency.
The invention provides a double-impeller water turbine which comprises a frame 1, a convection mechanism 2, a main transmission mechanism 3, a first impeller mechanism 4 and a second impeller mechanism 5; the frame 1 comprises an upper crossbeam 1.1, a lower crossbeam 1.2 and an upright post 1.3, wherein the upper crossbeam 1.1 is provided with a mounting hole of an upper bearing seat 2.1 and an extending hole of an output shaft 2.2, the lower crossbeam 1.2 is provided with a mounting hole of a lower bearing seat 2.7, the upper crossbeam 1.1 and the lower crossbeam 1.2 are horizontally arranged, and the upright post 1.3 is vertically arranged.
The convection mechanism 2 comprises an upper bearing seat 2.1, a lower bearing seat 2.7, an output shaft 2.2, an upper convection arm 2.3, a lower convection arm 2.6, an upper transverse plate 2.4 and a lower transverse plate 2.5, the upper bearing seat 2.1 is tightly contacted and fixedly connected with the upper transverse plate 1.1, the output shaft 2.2 is arranged in the upper bearing seat 2.1, and the output shaft 2.2 and the upper bearing seat 2.1 are axially positioned through a shaft shoulder of the output shaft 2.2; the upper convection arm 2.3 is horizontally arranged and located below the upper bearing seat 2.1, one end of the upper convection arm 2.3 is connected with the output shaft 2.2 through a bearing, the other end of the upper convection arm 2.3 is perpendicular to and fixedly connected with the horizontally arranged upper transverse plate 2.4, and the upper convection arm 2.3 is located above the upper transverse plate 2.4; the lower transverse plate 2.5 is parallel to the upper transverse plate 2.4, and the lower transverse plate 2.5 is positioned right below the upper transverse plate 2.4; the lower convection arm 2.6 is positioned below the lower transverse plate 2.5, one end of the lower convection arm 2.6 is perpendicular to and fixedly connected with the lower transverse plate 2.5, and the other end of the lower convection arm 2.6 extends out of a short shaft which is arranged in the lower bearing seat 2.7; the lower bearing seat 2.7 is tightly contacted and fixedly connected with the lower cross beam 1.2, and the axes of the lower bearing seat 2.7 and the upper bearing seat 2.1 are coincided with the axis of the output shaft 2.2.
The main transmission mechanism 3 comprises a first belt transmission mechanism 3.1, a second belt transmission mechanism 3.2, a third belt transmission mechanism 3.3 and a transmission shaft 3.4; the first pulley mechanism 3.1 comprises a first big pulley 3.1a, a first small pulley 3.1b and a first synchronous belt 3.1 c; the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 comprises a first belt wheel 3.2a, a first small belt wheel 3.1b, a second belt wheel 3.2b and a second synchronous belt 3.2 c; the third belt transmission mechanism 3.3 comprises a second large belt wheel 3.3a, a second small belt wheel 3.3b and a third synchronous belt 3.3 c; the axes of the two belt wheels of the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 and the three belt wheels of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 are coplanar; the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 and the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 are both arranged right above the upper transverse plate 2.4; the first large belt wheel 3.1a is fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft 4.1 of the first impeller mechanism 4, and the first belt wheel 3.2a is fixedly connected with a second rotating shaft 5.1 of the second impeller mechanism 5; the rotation directions of the first large belt wheel 3.1a and the first belt wheel 3.2a are opposite, the first large belt wheel 3.1a drives the first small belt wheel 3.1b to rotate, the first belt wheel 3.2a drives the second belt wheel 3.2b to rotate, and the second belt wheel 3.2b drives the first small belt wheel 3.1b to rotate reversely through the synchronous belt, so that the first large belt wheel 3.1a and the first belt wheel 3.2a which rotate in opposite directions are converted into the rotation of the first small belt wheel 3.1 b; the third belt transmission mechanism 3.3 is located below the upper transverse plate 2.4, a second large belt wheel 3.3a in the third belt transmission mechanism 3.3 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 3.4, a first small belt wheel 3.1b is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 3.4, and a second small belt wheel 3.3b is fixedly connected with the output shaft 2.2.
The first impeller mechanism 4 and the second impeller mechanism 5 have the same composition structure, and the first impeller mechanism 4 comprises a first rotating shaft 4.1, an impeller transmission mechanism 4.2, an upper rotating arm 4.3 of an impeller, a blade shaft 4.4, a blade 4.5, a lower rotating arm 4.6 of the impeller and a lower rotating arm rotating shaft 4.7 of the impeller; the first rotating shaft 4.1 is connected with a fixed wheel 4.2a in the impeller transmission mechanism 4.2 through a bearing, the fixed wheel 4.2a is fixedly connected with the upper transverse plate 2.4 through a bolt group, and the fixed wheel 4.2a is positioned at the lower part of the upper transverse plate 2.4; the impeller transmission mechanisms 4.2 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the first rotating shaft 4.1, and the transmission ratio from a fixed wheel 4.2a to a gear 4.2c in the impeller transmission mechanisms 4.2 is 2; the impeller transmission mechanism 4.2 is arranged above the upper rotating arm 4.3 of the impeller, and the impeller transmission mechanism 4.2 rotates around the axis of the first rotating shaft 4.1 along with the upper rotating arm 4.3 of the impeller; the upper end and the lower end of the blade shaft 4.4 are respectively connected with the upper rotating arm 4.3 and the lower rotating arm 4.6 of the impeller through bearings; the upper rotating arm 4.3 and the lower rotating arm 4.6 of the impeller are both horizontally arranged, and the symmetrical center lines of the upper rotating arm 4.3 and the lower rotating arm 4.6 of the impeller are in the same vertical plane; the longitudinal geometric symmetrical center line of the blade 4.5 is superposed with the axis of the blade shaft 4.4, and the blade 4.5 is fixedly connected with the blade shaft 4.4 to form an energy obtaining component of the water turbine; the lower rotating arm 4.6 of the impeller is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 4.7 of the lower rotating arm of the impeller, the axis of the rotating shaft 4.7 of the lower rotating arm of the impeller is superposed with the axis of the rotating shaft 4.1, and the rotating shaft 4.7 of the lower rotating arm of the impeller is connected with the lower transverse plate 2.5 through a bearing; the first impeller mechanism 4 and the second impeller mechanism 5 are symmetrical about the upper convection arm 2.3, and the rotation axes of the first impeller mechanism 4 and the second impeller mechanism 5 are parallel and vertical to the lower surface of the horizontally placed upper transverse plate 2.4.
The upper convection arm 2.3 and the lower convection arm 2.6 of the convection mechanism 2 are respectively and fixedly and vertically connected with the upper transverse plate 2.4 and the lower transverse plate 2.5, and the convection mechanism has the function that when the incoming flow direction changes, the convection arms and the transverse plates can rotate together to realize the vertical incoming flow direction of the impeller.
the first synchronous belt 3.1c of the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 and the third synchronous belt 3.3c of the third belt transmission mechanism 3.3 adopt a single-sided toothed belt; a second synchronous belt 3.2c of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 adopts a double-sided toothed belt; the first small belt wheel 3.1b of the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 is provided with two wheel grooves, the first synchronous belt 3.1c of the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 is arranged in the upper wheel groove, and the second synchronous belt 3.2c of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 is arranged in the lower wheel groove; the first belt drive 3.1 is spaced apart from the second belt drive 3.2 in the vertical direction.
the first impeller mechanism 4 and the second impeller mechanism 5 are symmetrically arranged about the upper convection arm 2.3, when the impellers rotate, the rotating directions of a first rotating shaft 4.1 of the first impeller mechanism 4 and a second rotating shaft 5.1 of the second impeller mechanism 5 are opposite, and the rotation of the two rotating shafts is converted into the rotation of a transmission shaft 3.4 through a first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 and a second belt transmission mechanism 3.2; and then the rotation of the transmission shaft 3.4 is transmitted to the output shaft 2.2 through the third belt transmission mechanism 3.3.
The convection mechanism 2 is fixedly connected with the upper cross beam 1.1 through an upper bearing seat 2.1 through a bolt, and the lower bearing seat 2.7 is fixedly connected with the lower cross beam 1.2 through a bolt. A belt wheel of the main transmission mechanism 3 is arranged above an upper transverse plate 2.4 of the convection mechanism 2 through a shaft and a bearing; the first impeller mechanism 4 and the second impeller mechanism 5 are arranged between the upper transverse plate and the lower transverse plate of the convection mechanism 2; a first rotating shaft 4.1 of the first impeller mechanism 4 is arranged in a first large belt wheel 3.1a of the first transmission mechanism 3.1 and is connected with the first large belt wheel 3.1a through a key; the impeller lower convection arm 4.6 of the first impeller mechanism 4 is arranged in a lower transverse plate 2.5 of the convection mechanism 2 through a shaft and a bearing. The second rotating shaft 5.1 of the second impeller mechanism 5 is arranged in the first belt pulley 3.2a of the second transmission mechanism 3.2 and is connected with the first belt pulley 3.2a through a key; the lower convection arm of the impeller of the first impeller mechanism 5 is arranged in a lower transverse plate 2.5 of the convection mechanism 2 through a shaft and a bearing.
The invention has the following technical characteristics:
1. The designed water turbine organically integrates the lift-drag characteristics of the blades, is a novel lift-drag composite vertical axis water turbine, and can effectively reduce the resisting moment of the blades by the flow concentration effect between the two blades; therefore, the designed water turbine has the advantages of excellent self-starting performance and high conversion efficiency.
2. The designed water turbine has small tip speed ratio and low noise during operation, and cannot cause harmful influence on aquatic organisms; the single-machine arrangement or the cluster arrangement can be carried out according to the actual requirement.
3. the structure is simple and compact, the processing and the manufacturing are easy, the maintenance is convenient, and the cost is low.
4. Environment-friendly, flexible in arrangement, low in site selection requirement and wide in application range, and can be applied to most of sea areas and inland rivers.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a twin-impeller water turbine according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a convection mechanism in the twin-impeller water turbine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the main drive mechanism of the twin-impeller water turbine according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a main drive mechanism in the twin-impeller water turbine according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first impeller structure in the twin-impeller hydraulic turbine of the present invention.
in the figure: 1: a frame; 1.1: an upper cross beam; 1.2: a lower cross beam; 1.3: a column; 2: a convection mechanism; 2.1: an upper bearing seat; 2.2: an output shaft; 2.3: an upper convection arm; 2.4: an upper transverse plate; 2.5: a lower transverse plate; 2.6: a lower convection arm; 2.7: a lower bearing seat; 3: a main transmission mechanism; 3.1: a first belt drive mechanism; 3.2: a second belt drive mechanism; 3.3: a third belt drive mechanism; 3.4: a drive shaft; 3.5: a second pulley shaft; 3.1 a: a first large pulley; 3.1 b: a first small belt pulley; 3.1 c: a first synchronization belt; 3.2 a: a first pulley; 3.2 b: a second pulley; 3.2 c: a second synchronous belt; 3.3 a: a second large belt pulley; 3.3 b: a second small belt pulley; 3.3 c: a third synchronous belt; 4: a first impeller mechanism; 4.1: a first rotating shaft; 4.2: an impeller drive mechanism; 4.2 a: fixing the wheel; 4.2 b: an idler pulley; 4.2 c: a gear; 4.3: an upper rotating arm of the impeller; 4.4: a blade shaft; 4.5: a blade; 4.6: a lower rotating arm of the impeller; 4.7: a lower rotating arm rotating shaft of the impeller; 4.8: an idler shaft; 5: a second impeller mechanism; 5.1: a second rotating shaft.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The invention provides a double-impeller water turbine, which comprises a frame 1, a convection device 2, a main transmission mechanism 3, a first impeller mechanism 4 and a second impeller mechanism 5.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a convection mechanism in the twin-impeller water turbine of the present invention. An upper cross beam 1.1 of the frame 1 is provided with a mounting hole of an upper bearing seat 2.1 and an extending hole of an output shaft 2.2, the upper bearing seat 2.1 is fixedly connected with the upper cross beam 1.1 through a bolt group, the output shaft 2.2 is mounted in the upper bearing seat 2.1 for central positioning, and then axial positioning is carried out through a shaft shoulder; one end of the upper convection arm 2.3 is connected with the output shaft through a bearing, and the other end of the upper convection arm 2.3 is vertical to the upper transverse plate 2.4 and is fixedly connected with the upper transverse plate through a bolt group; the upper transverse plate 2.4 is connected with a transmission shaft 3.4 through a bearing; the second small belt wheel 3.3b of the third belt transmission mechanism 3.3 is arranged at the lower part of the output shaft 2.2 and is in interference fit, and the second small belt wheel 3.3b of the third belt transmission mechanism 3.3 is axially fixed through a shaft shoulder and a nut of the output shaft 2.2. The lower beam 1.2 of the frame 1 is provided with a mounting hole of a lower bearing seat 2.7, the lower bearing seat 2.7 is fixedly connected with the lower beam 1.2 through a bolt group, one end of a lower convection arm 2.6 is perpendicular to a lower transverse plate 2.5 and is fixedly connected through the bolt group, the other end of the lower convection arm extends out of a short shaft, and the short shaft is installed in the lower bearing seat 2.7 and is fastened through a locking screw. The axis of the output shaft 2.2 is coincident with the axis of the short shaft of the lower convection arm 2.6, and the axis of the transmission shaft 3.4 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the lower cross plate 2.5 and passes through the geometric symmetry center of the upper surface.
Go up diaphragm 2.4 and install first impeller mechanism 4 and second impeller mechanism 5 between the diaphragm 2.5 down, when the incoming flow direction changes, go up convection arm 2.3 and lower convection arm 2.6 receive the moment that the impeller produced, go up convection arm 2.3 and lower convection arm 2.6 can drive the impeller and rotate around the axis of output shaft 2.2 together, realize the driftage function of hydraulic turbine, guarantee the high-efficient operation of hydraulic turbine.
Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic structural views of the main transmission mechanism of the double-impeller water turbine of the invention. A first rotating shaft 4.1 of the first impeller mechanism 4 is connected with an upper transverse plate 2.4 through a bearing, the first rotating shaft 4.1 and a first large belt wheel 3.1a of a first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 are in interference fit, and then are fastened with a nut through a shaft sleeve; the second rotating shaft 5.1 of the second impeller mechanism 5 is connected with the upper transverse plate 2.4 through a bearing, the second rotating shaft 5.1 and the first belt wheel 3.2a of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 are in interference fit, and then are fastened with a nut through a shaft sleeve. A second belt wheel shaft 3.5 of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 is connected with the upper transverse plate 2.4 through a bearing, a second belt wheel 3.2b of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 and the belt wheel shaft 3.5 are positioned through a shaft shoulder, the second belt wheel 3.2b of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 and the belt wheel shaft 3.5 are axially fixed through a nut and a shaft sleeve, and then the second belt wheel 3.2b of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 is circumferentially fixed through a locking screw.
The longitudinal symmetrical center line of the upper convection arm 2.3 is vertical and passes through the middle point of the transverse symmetrical center line of the upper transverse plate 2.4, and the upper convection arm 2.3 is positioned above the upper transverse plate 2.4 and is connected by a screw group. The first small belt wheel 3.1b shared by the first belt wheel mechanism 3.1 and the second belt wheel mechanism 3.2 is positioned above the upper convection arm 2.3, the first small belt wheel 3.1b and the transmission shaft 3.4 are in interference fit, the second large belt wheel 3.3a of the third belt transmission mechanism 3.3 is positioned below the lower transverse plate 2.4, the second large belt wheel 3.3a and the transmission shaft 3.4 are in interference fit, and the transmission shaft is axially fixed through a nut and a shaft sleeve.
A first rotating shaft 4.1 of the first impeller mechanism 4 and a second rotating shaft 5.1 of the second impeller mechanism 5 respectively transmit the torque of the first impeller mechanism 4 and the torque of the second impeller mechanism 5 to a first large belt wheel 3.1a of a first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 and a first belt wheel 3.2a of a second belt transmission mechanism 3.2, and then the torques are transmitted to a transmission shaft 3.4 through the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 and the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 respectively; wherein the first big belt wheel 3.1a of the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 is the same as the first belt wheel 3.2a of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 in size, the first small belt wheel 3.1b of the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 is provided with two pulley grooves, the first synchronous belt 3.1c of the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 is arranged in the upper pulley groove, and the second synchronous belt 3.2c of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 is arranged in the lower pulley groove. In addition, because the first rotating shaft 4.1 of the first impeller mechanism 4 and the second rotating shaft 5.1 of the second impeller mechanism 5 are opposite in rotation direction, the first synchronous belt 3.1c of the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 adopts a single-sided toothed belt, and the second synchronous belt 3.2c of the second belt transmission mechanism 3.2 adopts a double-sided toothed belt, so that the torques of the first rotating shaft 4.1 of the first impeller mechanism 4 and the second rotating shaft 5.1 of the second impeller mechanism 5 are output to the transmission shaft 3.4 in the same direction, and finally the torque of the transmission shaft 3.4 is transmitted to the output shaft 2.2 through the third belt transmission mechanism 3.3.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first impeller structure of a twin-impeller hydraulic turbine, and the first impeller mechanism 4 and the second impeller mechanism 5 have the same composition structure. Two blades 4.5 with the same structure of the first impeller mechanism 4 are vertical to each other, and the impeller transmission mechanism 4.2, the upper rotating arm 4.3 of the impeller and the lower rotating arm 4.6 of the impeller are symmetrical along the axis of the first rotating shaft 4.1 of the first impeller mechanism 4. The blade shaft 4.4 and the blade 4.5 are fixedly connected through a screw to form an energy obtaining part of the impeller. The upper end and the lower end of the blade shaft 4.4 are respectively connected with the upper rotating arm 4.3 and the lower rotating arm 4.6 of the impeller through bearings for central positioning and axial positioning, and the blade shaft 4.4 can freely rotate around the axis of the blade shaft. The gear 4.2c of the impeller transmission mechanism 4.2 is positioned above the upper rotating arm 4.3 of the impeller and is in interference fit with the blade shaft 4.4, and then is fastened through a nut. The idler shaft 4.8 is connected with the upper rotating arm 4.3 of the impeller through a bearing, the idler wheel 4.2b is in interference fit with the idler shaft 4.8, and the idler shaft 4.8 is axially fixed through a shaft shoulder and a nut of the idler shaft 4.8. The first rotating shaft 4.1 is in interference fit with a rotating arm 4.3 on the impeller, the fixed wheel 4.2a is positioned above the rotating arm 4.3 on the impeller, the fixed wheel 4.2a is installed on the first rotating shaft 4.1 through a bearing, the upper transverse plate 2.4 is positioned on the upper part of the fixed wheel 4.2a, the upper transverse plate 2.4 is in close contact with the fixed wheel 4.2a and is fixedly connected through a screw group, the upper transverse plate 2.4 is connected with the first rotating shaft 4.1 through a bearing, and finally the rotating shaft is axially fixed through a nut, a first large belt wheel 3.1a of a first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 and a shaft sleeve.
the axes of the vane shaft 4.4, the idler shaft 4.8 and the first rotating shaft 4.1 are parallel to each other, the idler wheel 4.2b positioned in the middle is respectively meshed with the fixed wheel 4.2a and the gear 4.2c, wherein the reference circle diameter of the gear 4.2c is twice of the diameter of the fixed wheel 4.2a, and the fixed wheel 4.2a, the idler wheel 4.2b and the gear 4.3c form a gear transmission with the transmission ratio of 2. Because the main structure of the first impeller mechanism is symmetrical, the structure of the right side of the first rotating shaft 4.1 is the same as the structure of the left side described above. The lower rotating arm 4.6 of the impeller and the rotating shaft 4.7 of the lower rotating arm of the impeller are positioned by a shaft shoulder and are in interference fit, and then are fastened by nuts. The lower rotating arm rotating shaft 4.7 of the impeller is connected with a lower transverse plate 2.5 positioned below the lower rotating arm 4.6 of the impeller through a bearing.
if the upper transverse plate 2.4 and the lower transverse plate 2.5 are fixed, the first impeller mechanism will rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft 4.1 under the action of the fluid, and the blades 4.5 will make revolving motion around the axis of the first rotating shaft 4.1 at an angular speed ω and rotate around the axis of the blade shaft 4.4 at ω/2 under the action of the impeller transmission mechanism 4.2. Because the upper rotating arm 4.3 of the impeller is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 4.1, the first rotating shaft 4.1 rotates around the axis of the first rotating shaft along with the impeller, the torque of the impeller is transmitted to the first large belt wheel 3.1a of the first belt transmission mechanism 3.1 fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft, and then the torque is transmitted to the output shaft 2.2 through the main transmission mechanism 3. The kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into mechanical energy for the running of the impeller through the process.
Claims (3)
1. a double-impeller water turbine is characterized by comprising a frame (1), a convection mechanism (2), a main transmission mechanism (3), a first impeller mechanism (4) and a second impeller mechanism (5); the frame (1) comprises an upper cross beam (1.1), a lower cross beam (1.2) and an upright post (1.3), wherein the upper cross beam (1.1) is provided with a mounting hole of an upper bearing seat (2.1) and a protruding hole of an output shaft (2.2), the lower cross beam (1.2) is provided with a mounting hole of a lower bearing seat (2.7), the upper cross beam (1.1) and the lower cross beam (1.2) are horizontally arranged, and the upright post (1.3) is vertically arranged; the convection mechanism (2) comprises an upper bearing seat (2.1), a lower bearing seat (2.7), an output shaft (2.2), an upper convection arm (2.3), a lower convection arm (2.6), an upper transverse plate (2.4) and a lower transverse plate (2.5), the upper bearing seat (2.1) is tightly contacted and fixedly connected with the upper transverse plate (1.1), the output shaft (2.2) is installed in the upper bearing seat (2.1), and the output shaft (2.2) and the upper bearing seat (2.1) are axially positioned through a shaft shoulder of the output shaft (2.2); the upper convection arm (2.3) is horizontally arranged and located below the upper bearing seat (2.1), one end of the upper convection arm (2.3) is connected with the output shaft (2.2) through a bearing, the other end of the upper convection arm (2.3) is perpendicular to and fixedly connected with the horizontally arranged upper transverse plate (2.4), and the upper convection arm (2.3) is located above the upper transverse plate (2.4); the lower transverse plate (2.5) is parallel to the upper transverse plate (2.4), and the lower transverse plate (2.5) is positioned right below the upper transverse plate (2.4); the lower convection arm (2.6) is positioned below the lower transverse plate (2.5), one end of the lower convection arm (2.6) is perpendicular to and fixedly connected with the lower transverse plate (2.5), the other end of the lower convection arm (2.6) extends out of a short shaft which is arranged in the lower bearing seat (2.7), the lower bearing seat (2.7) is tightly contacted and fixedly connected with the lower transverse beam (1.2), and the axes of the lower bearing seat (2.7) and the upper bearing seat (2.1) are coincided with the axis of the output shaft (2.2); the main transmission mechanism (3) comprises a first belt transmission mechanism (3.1), a second belt transmission mechanism (3.2), a third belt transmission mechanism (3.3) and a transmission shaft (3.4); the first pulley mechanism (3.1) comprises a first large pulley (3.1a), a first small pulley (3.1b) and a first synchronous belt (3.1 c); the second belt transmission mechanism (3.2) comprises a first belt wheel (3.2a), a first small belt wheel (3.1b), a second belt wheel (3.2b) and a second synchronous belt (3.2 c); the third belt transmission mechanism (3.3) comprises a second large belt wheel (3.3a), a second small belt wheel (3.3b) and a third synchronous belt (3.3 c); the two belt wheels of the first belt transmission mechanism (3.1) and the three belt wheels of the second belt transmission mechanism (3.2) are coplanar; the first belt transmission mechanism (3.1) and the second belt transmission mechanism (3.2) are both arranged right above the upper transverse plate (2.4); the first large belt wheel (3.1a) is fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft (4.1) of the first impeller mechanism (4), and the first belt wheel (3.2a) is fixedly connected with a second rotating shaft (5.1) of the second impeller mechanism (5); the rotation directions of the first large belt pulley (3.1a) and the first belt pulley (3.2a) are opposite, the first large belt pulley (3.1a) drives the first small belt pulley (3.1b) to rotate, the first belt pulley (3.2a) drives the second belt pulley (3.2b) to rotate, the second belt pulley (3.2b) drives the first small belt pulley (3.1b) to rotate reversely through a synchronous belt, and therefore the first large belt pulley (3.1a) and the first belt pulley (3.2a) which rotate in opposite directions are converted into the rotation of the first small belt pulley (3.1 b); the third belt transmission mechanism (3.3) is positioned below the upper transverse plate (2.4), a second large belt wheel (3.3a) in the third belt transmission mechanism (3.3) is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft (3.4), the first small belt wheel (3.1b) is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft (3.4), and the second small belt wheel (3.3b) is fixedly connected with the output shaft (2.2); the first impeller mechanism (4) and the second impeller mechanism (5) are identical in composition structure, and the first impeller mechanism (4) comprises a first rotating shaft (4.1), an impeller transmission mechanism (4.2), an upper impeller rotating arm (4.3), a blade shaft (4.4), blades (4.5), a lower impeller rotating arm (4.6) and a lower impeller rotating arm rotating shaft (4.7); the first rotating shaft (4.1) is connected with a fixed wheel (4.2a) in the impeller transmission mechanism (4.2) through a bearing, the fixed wheel (4.2a) is fixedly connected with the upper transverse plate (2.4) through a bolt group, and the fixed wheel (4.2a) is positioned at the lower part of the upper transverse plate (2.4); the impeller transmission mechanisms (4.2) are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the first rotating shaft (4.1), the transmission ratio of the fixed wheel (4.2a) to the fixed wheel (gear wheel 4.2c) in the impeller transmission mechanism (4.2) is 2, the impeller transmission mechanism (4.2) is installed above the upper rotating arm (4.3) of the impeller, and the impeller transmission mechanism (4.2) rotates around the axis of the first rotating shaft (4.1) along with the upper rotating arm (4.3) of the impeller; the upper end and the lower end of the blade shaft (4.4) are respectively connected with the upper rotating arm (4.3) of the impeller and the lower rotating arm (4.6) of the impeller through bearings; the upper rotating arm (4.3) and the lower rotating arm (4.6) of the impeller are both horizontally arranged, and the symmetrical center lines of the upper rotating arm (4.3) and the lower rotating arm (4.6) of the impeller are in the same vertical plane; the longitudinal geometric symmetrical center line of the blade (4.5) is superposed with the axis of the blade shaft (4.4), and the blade (4.5) is fixedly connected with the blade shaft (4.4) to form an energy obtaining component of the water turbine; the lower rotating arm (4.6) of the impeller is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (4.7) of the lower rotating arm of the impeller, the axis of the rotating shaft (4.7) of the lower rotating arm of the impeller is superposed with the axis of the first rotating shaft (4.1), and the rotating shaft (4.7) of the lower rotating arm of the impeller is connected with the lower transverse plate (2.5) through a bearing; the first impeller mechanism (4) and the second impeller mechanism (5) are symmetrical relative to the upper convection arm (2.3), and the rotation axes of the first impeller mechanism (4) and the second impeller mechanism (5) are parallel and vertical to the lower surface of the horizontally placed upper transverse plate (2.4).
2. A twin-impeller water turbine according to claim 1, characterised in that the first synchronous belt (3.1c) and the third synchronous belt (3.3c) are single-face toothed belts; the second synchronous belt (3.2c) adopts a double-sided toothed belt.
3. A twin-impeller water turbine according to claim 1, characterised in that the first small pulley (3.1b) is provided with two pulley grooves, the first synchronous belt (3.1c) is mounted in the upper pulley groove, and the second synchronous belt (3.2c) is mounted in the lower pulley groove; the first belt drive (3.1) and the second belt drive (3.2) are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111120182A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-08 | 安徽工业大学 | Empennage self-yaw type half-rotation impeller water turbine |
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