CN102230444A - Arm-length-variable vertical shaft tide current water turbine generator set - Google Patents

Arm-length-variable vertical shaft tide current water turbine generator set Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102230444A
CN102230444A CN2011101546993A CN201110154699A CN102230444A CN 102230444 A CN102230444 A CN 102230444A CN 2011101546993 A CN2011101546993 A CN 2011101546993A CN 201110154699 A CN201110154699 A CN 201110154699A CN 102230444 A CN102230444 A CN 102230444A
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China
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blade
arm
hydraulic
water turbine
tide current
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CN2011101546993A
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CN102230444B (en
Inventor
宿晓辉
刘艳
赵广
孙涛
赵鹏飞
郭嘉楠
杨冉升
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an arm-length-variable vertical shaft tide current water turbine generator set which belongs to the field of development of renewable energy sources. The generator set mainly comprises a blade, an arm seal, a telescopic arm, a piston, a fixed arm, a hydraulic cylinder for shortening, a hydraulic cylinder for extending, a support wheel disk, a compressing nut, a tide current speed and direction sensor, a main shaft, a main shaft bearing, a big gear, a support seat, a hydraulic oil station, a hydraulic pump for shortening, a hydraulic pump for extending, an electric brush, an integrated control system, a shaft neck seal, a small gear shaft bearing, a small gear shaft, a coupling and a generator. The telescopic arm is dynamically extended or shortened in the rotating process of the blade according to the tide current direction and flow speed; and when the normal of the telescopic arm is parallel or perpendicular to the tide current direction, the telescopic arm is respectively changed to be the longest or shortest so that a vertical shaft tide current water turbine reaches highest energy capture efficiency. The self-start capability of the water turbine on low-speed tide current can be also improved by adjusting the telescopic arm. The arm-length-variable vertical shaft tide current water turbine generator set disclosed by the invention can be used for the comprehensive utilization and development of river water flow energy and ocean tide current energy.

Description

Become brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group
Technical field
The invention belongs to the renewable energy sources development field, relate to change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group.
Background technique
The energy and environment are the significant problems that human kind sustainable development faces, and the renewable energy sources of development cleaning is known together by countries in the world.China marine site is vast, 4,700,000 square kilometres of the gross areas; The shore line complications are very long, and it is abundant that 1.8 ten thousand kilometers on continent water front, 1.4 ten thousand kilometers on island water front, ocean energy accumulate the resource reserve, wherein can 2,000 ten thousand kilowatts for the trend of exploitation, and river waterflow resource in addition, development prospect is very wide.
Trend has typical integral body toward the renaturation characteristics, influenced by weather, season and ocean environment, and direction of tide also can fluctuate.Generating is the principal mode that trend can be utilized, and the core that trend can be generated electricity is the water turbine that absorbs trend.Pivotal axis trend water turbine self-starting performance is good, is fit to all directions incoming flow, has broad prospect for its application.
Trend energy capture efficient is to estimate the core technology index of water turbine.The blade of pivotal axis trend water turbine is in the process of rotating a circle, and the suffered power of blade can be decomposed into peripheral force and normal force; The product of peripheral force and brachium is the moment of torsion that is produced, and drives the transmission system generating.Pivotal axis trend water turbine is in the scope of rotating a circle, for individual blade, because the azimuthal variation of blade, there is bigger angle range peripheral force to be in less or negative value, this peripheral force acts on the less or generation negative torque for the contribution of moment of torsion afterwards mutually with brachium, causes the whole trend energy capture of pivotal axis trend water turbine efficient not high.
To sum up, improving peripheral force or the water turbine positive moment of torsion of each blade of pivotal axis trend water turbine in a week is the key that improves its energy capture efficient.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the not high problem of present pivotal axis trend water turbine energy capture efficient, proposed a kind of change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
This change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group comprises blade, arm sealing, telescopic arms, piston, fixed arm, shortening oil hydraulic cylinder, elongation oil hydraulic cylinder, support wheel disc, gland nut, strength of current direction sensor, main shaft, main shaft bearing, gearwheel, supporting base, hydraulic oil unit, shortening oil hydraulic pump, extends with oil hydraulic pump, brush, integrated control system, journal packing, pinion shaft bearing, pinion shaft, coupling and generator.
Described change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group, its described blade are a kind of in the NACA aerofoil profile, and number is 1-6, smooth surface; It is identical that each blade presets the angle of attack, is-10 ° to+10 °; Each blade has two fixed arms.
Described change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group, its described telescopic arms, the cross section be NACA aerofoil profile, rectangular, rhombus and streamlined in a kind of, smooth surface reduces the resistance of fluid; Each blade has two telescopic arms, and an end of telescopic arms connects blade, and the other end has a rectangle or circular piston.
Described change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group, its described fixed arm, the cross section be NACA aerofoil profile, rectangular, rhombus and streamlined in a kind of, smooth surface reduces the resistance of fluid; Fixed arm inside is hollow structure, and hollow section is rectangle or circle, and fixed arm inner hollow structure is divided into by the piston of telescopic arms and shortens with oil hydraulic cylinder and elongation oil hydraulic cylinder.
Described change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group, its described main shaft bearing has two, and one is thrust bearing, and another is a radial bearing, adopts the hydraulic oil of hydraulic oil unit to be lubricated; The pinion shaft bearing has two, and one is thrust bearing, and another is a radial bearing, adopts the hydraulic oil of hydraulic oil unit to be lubricated.
Its described gearwheel and pinion shaft, the two velocity ratio between 1: 1 to 20: 1, a kind of in spur gear, helical gear, the herringbone gear.
Replace gearwheel, pinion shaft, pinion shaft bearing to constitute the speedup transmission system with planetary gear mechanism, multilevel gear drive mechanism, pulley transmission mechanism, oil hydraulic cylinder speed increasing mechanism.
Described change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group, its feature is that also the end of blade plate is installed at the blade two ends respectively, the end of blade plate is between blade and telescopic arms; End of blade plate smooth surface is a thin plate, and area is greater than the sectional area of blade, and it is shaped as a kind of in circle, ellipse or the rectangular, and the edge of end of blade plate carries out that chamfered edge is handled, streamlined processing or NACA air foil shape, is used to reduce the resistance of fluid; The effect one of end of blade plate is the eddyloss slightly that reduces blade tip, the 2nd, stop blade flutter along the exhibition length direction in trend.
Each parts annexation: the blade two ends are separately fixed at an end of two telescopic arms up and down, and the other end of telescopic arms inserts in the fixed arm by piston, can slide in fixed arm along normal direction; Fixed arm is fixed on and supports on the wheel disc, supports wheel disc and is sleeved on the main shaft, rotates synchronously by key assurance and main shaft, by the ladder restriction axial displacement in supporting wheel rim of gland nut and main shaft; The strength of current direction sensor is fixed on the upper end of main shaft; Main shaft is bearing on the supporting base by two main shaft bearings, and gearwheel is sleeved on the main shaft by key, gearwheel and pinion shaft engagement, and pinion shaft is bearing on the supporting base by the pinion shaft bearing; Pinion shaft connects generator by coupling; Hydraulic oil unit is fixed on the main shaft lower end, rotates with rotating shaft; Hydraulic oil unit inside charges into an amount of hydraulic oil, and uses oil hydraulic pump and extend with each one of oil hydraulic pump for each blade installation shortens; Shortening is connected and fixed shortening oil hydraulic cylinder, the elongation oil hydraulic cylinder of arm respectively by the inner passage of main shaft and support wheel disc with oil hydraulic pump with oil hydraulic pump and elongation; Integrated control system by brush to hydraulic oil unit power supply, by the cable transmission generator electric energy, receive the signal of strength of current direction sensor by signaling line or wireless transmitting messages; Sealing between fixed arm and the telescopic arms, journal packing between main shaft and supporting base, realize the sealing between the sound part respectively.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, the trend that is fit to different direction, can be according to direction of tide, regulate pivotal axis trend water turbine telescopic arms, when the normal direction of telescopic arms is parallel with direction of tide, telescopic arms is stretched to the longest, when the normal direction of telescopic arms was vertical with direction of tide, telescopic arms foreshortened to the shortest, made to become the energy capture efficient that brachium pivotal axis trend water turbine reaches maximum.
2, can regulate telescopic arms according to tidal current speed, make pivotal axis trend water turbine output power relatively stable.
3,, increase the self-starting performance of pivotal axis trend water turbine for the low speed trend by regulating telescopic arms.
The present invention can be used for river waterflow can and the comprehensive development and utilization of ocean trend energy, can electricity generation grid-connecting, driving, also can generate electricity saves as instrument and equipment and provides independently power supply, the electric energy cleanliness without any pollution that is produced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group plan view of the present invention.
Main axle hydraulic pressure channel layout figure when Fig. 3 is three blades of change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group installation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is two kinds of computing mode schematic representation of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is that embodiment of the invention two states blade peripheral force is with the corner change curve.
Fig. 6 is that embodiment of the invention two states blade normal force is with the corner change curve.
Fig. 7 is that embodiment of the invention two states water turbine moment of torsion is with the corner change curve.
Among the figure: 1 blade; The sealing of 2 arms; 3 telescopic arms; 4 pistons; 5 fixed arms;
6 shortening oil hydraulic cylinders; 7 elongation oil hydraulic cylinders; 8 support wheel disc; 9 gland nuts;
10 strength of current direction sensors; 11 main shafts; 12 main shaft bearings; 13 gearwheels; 14 supporting bases; 15 hydraulic oil units; 16 shortening oil hydraulic pumps; 17 elongation oil hydraulic pumps; 18 brushes; 19 integrated control systems; 20 journal packings; 21 pinion shaft bearings; 22 pinion shafts; 23 coupling; 24 generators.
Embodiment
As shown in the figure, change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group of the present invention is made up of with oil hydraulic pump 17, brush 18, integrated control system 19, journal packing 20, pinion shaft bearing 21, pinion shaft 22, coupling 23, generator 24 with oil hydraulic pump 16, elongation with oil hydraulic cylinder 7, support wheel disc 8, gland nut 9, strength of current direction sensor 10, main shaft 11, main shaft bearing 12, gearwheel 13, supporting base 14, hydraulic oil unit 15, shortening with oil hydraulic cylinder 6, elongation blade 1, arm sealing 2, telescopic arms 3, piston 4, fixed arm 5, shortening.
Working procedure and principle: strength of current direction sensor 10 is given integrated control system 19 with the information transmission of trend, integrated control system 19 is supplied with hydraulic oil unit 15 with its inner accumulator electric energy, according to predefined program, start and shorten with oil hydraulic pump 16 or elongation oil hydraulic pump 17, high-pressure and hydraulic oil enters by main shaft 11 and the hydraulic channel that supports wheel disc 8 inside and shortens with oil hydraulic cylinder 6 or elongation oil hydraulic cylinder 7, change the brachium of telescopic arms 3, make the self-starting under current tidal current speed of pivotal axis trend water turbine; Water turbine according to predefined program and direction of tide, dynamically changes the brachium of telescopic arms 3 after starting, and it is best that the moment of torsion that pivotal axis trend water turbine is produced reaches.The water turbine moment of torsion passes to generator 24 through main shaft 11, gearwheel 13, pinion shaft 22, coupling 23, the electric energy that generator 24 is produced is transferred to the accumulator of integrated control system 19, integrated control system 19 is supplied with hydraulic oil unit 15 with the fraction electric energy in the accumulator by brush, most of by cable transmission to electrical network.
Concrete implementation step:
(1) according to the flow velocity of marine site, place trend, the aerofoil profile hydraulic performance, power demands etc. adopt numerical simulation calculating energy capture rate with the tip-speed ratio Changing Pattern, find the best tip-speed ratio of energy capture efficient maximum point correspondence.
(2) according to tidal current speed and best tip-speed ratio, optimize the dynamic brachium of water turbine, be optimization aim to the maximum with energy capture efficient, determine the brachium rule change of water turbine under various flow velocitys.
(3) become brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group according to design shown in Figure 1, processing, installation.
Embodiment:
Becoming brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group with single blade is example, and simulated effect of the present invention is described as follows:
(1) trend condition: tidal current speed 2m/s.
(2) design result: 55 rev/mins of rotational speed of water turbine, single blade, vane airfoil profile are NACA0025, and blade chord length 0.15m opens up long 1.5m, and blade presets 0 ° of the angle of attack, does not consider resistance and dynamic effects such as rotating shaft, arm.
(3) simulation status explanation, as shown in Figure 4:
State 1: the blade brachium is fixed, and the water turbine external diameter is always 0.6m;
State 2: blade becomes brachium, and along coming flow path direction, blade brachium maximum is 1.2m, vertically comes flow path direction, and blade brachium minimum is 0.6m, and the blade rotation track is oval;
Vertically coming flow path direction, the two states cross section equates that promptly the incoming flow total energy equates under the two states.
(4) emulation mode: double plate face manifold tube algorithm.
(5) simulation result: Fig. 5 be two states blade peripheral force with the corner change curve, Fig. 6 be two states blade normal force with the corner change curve, Fig. 7 is that two states water turbine moment of torsion is with the corner change curve.
(6) interpretation of result: Fig. 5 shows, in blade rotation one all processes, the peripheral force peak value that the blade brachium is produced fixedly the time is less, peripheral force approaching zero is in a big way arranged, and blade is when becoming brachium, and the peak value of peripheral force increases, and peripheral force significantly reduces near zero scope; Fig. 6 shows, in blade rotation one all processes, for negative, second half is for just in the first half angle range for the normal force that the blade brachium is produced fixedly the time, and its peak value is all less, and blade is when becoming brachium, and it is constant that normal force distributes, but the peak value increase; Fig. 7 shows, in blade rotation one all processes, the torque peak that the blade brachium is produced fixedly the time is less, the moment of torsion that big angle range is arranged is near zero, and blade is when becoming brachium, the peak value of water turbine moment of torsion significantly increases, and moment of torsion significantly reduces near zero scope, and having moment of torsion hardly is situation about bearing.
Above-mentioned data are carried out reprocessing, and the tip-speed ratio of two states is 1.73, and the incoming flow total output is identical, and the blade brachium is fixedly the time, and average torque is 185.7Nm, and output power is 69.7W, and energy capture efficient is 13.6%; And blade is when becoming brachium, and average torque is 559.2Nm, and output power is 220.8W, and energy capture efficient is 41.0%, and average torque, output power and energy capture efficient have all increased more than 3 times.
To sum up, pivotal axis trend water turbine is in the brachium change procedure, the average output torque of water turbine, output power and energy capture efficient all increase significantly, when the blade rotation track of water turbine, lobe numbers, aerofoil profile etc. through after optimizing, comprehensive benefit can be more outstanding.

Claims (3)

1. one kind becomes brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group, comprises blade (1), arm sealing (2), telescopic arms (3), piston (4), fixed arm (5), shorten with oil hydraulic cylinder (6), elongation oil hydraulic cylinder (7), support wheel disc (8), gland nut (9), strength of current direction sensor (10), main shaft (11), main shaft bearing (12), gearwheel (13), supporting base (14), hydraulic oil unit (15), shorten with oil hydraulic pump (16), elongation oil hydraulic pump (17), brush (18), integrated control system (19), journal packing (20), pinion shaft bearing (21), pinion shaft (22), coupling (23) and generator (24);
Described blade (1) is a kind of in the NACA aerofoil profile, and number is 1-6, smooth surface; It is identical that each blade presets the angle of attack, is-10 ° to+10 °; Each blade has two fixed arms (5);
Described telescopic arms (3), cross section be NACA aerofoil profile, rectangular, rhombus and streamlined in a kind of, smooth surface; Each blade 1 has two telescopic arms 3, and an end of telescopic arms 3 connects blade 1, and the other end has a rectangle or circular piston (4);
Described fixed arm (5), cross section be NACA aerofoil profile, rectangular, rhombus and streamlined in a kind of, smooth surface; Fixed arm (5) inside is hollow structure, and hollow section is rectangle or circle;
Described main shaft bearing (12) has two, and one is thrust bearing, and another is a radial bearing, adopts the hydraulic oil of hydraulic oil unit (15) to be lubricated; Pinion shaft bearing (21) has two, and one is thrust bearing, and another is a radial bearing, adopts the hydraulic oil of hydraulic oil unit (15) to be lubricated;
Described gearwheel (13) and pinion shaft (22), the two velocity ratio be at 1: 1 to 20: 1, a kind of in spur gear, helical gear, the herringbone gear.
2. change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group according to claim 1, its feature also is, replaces gearwheel (13), pinion shaft (22), pinion shaft bearing (21) to constitute the speedup transmission system with planetary gear mechanism, multilevel gear drive mechanism, pulley transmission mechanism, oil hydraulic cylinder speed increasing mechanism.
3. change brachium pivotal axis trend hydraulic turbine generator group according to claim 1 and 2, its feature is that also the end of blade plate is installed at blade (1) two ends respectively, the end of blade plate is positioned between blade (1) and the telescopic arms (3); End of blade plate smooth surface is a thin plate, and area is greater than the sectional area of blade 1, and it is shaped as a kind of in circle, ellipse or the rectangular, and the edge of end of blade plate carries out that chamfered edge is handled, streamlined processing or NACA air foil shape.
CN2011101546993A 2011-06-09 2011-06-09 Arm-length-variable vertical shaft tide current water turbine generator set Expired - Fee Related CN102230444B (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102418647A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-04-18 徐浩钟 Flowing water louvred dynamic generator
CN102518542A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-06-27 徐浩钟 Flowing water louvered power machine
CN102518546A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-06-27 徐浩钟 Shutter type water flow power generator
CN102878009A (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-01-16 大连理工大学 Diversion cover type elliptical orbit vertical-axis tidal current energy hydraulic turbine generator set
CN103266983A (en) * 2013-06-07 2013-08-28 青岛理工大学 Movable blade type tidal power generation device
CN103535305A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-01-29 浙江海洋学院 Novel artificial fish reef
WO2014200622A1 (en) * 2013-06-12 2014-12-18 Differential Dynamics Corporation Run-of-the-river or ocean current turbine
US9151269B2 (en) 2009-07-20 2015-10-06 Differential Dynamics Corporation Run-of-the-river or ocean current turbine
CN110657059A (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-01-07 徐州达娇物资贸易有限公司 Special fan blade applied to power generation device in tidal energy abundant area
CN110700985A (en) * 2019-10-26 2020-01-17 葛军 High-efficient type hydroelectric generation device with regulatory function
CN111765037A (en) * 2020-07-08 2020-10-13 陈琴 Water conservancy power generation system and power generation method
CN112067301A (en) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-11 宁波大学科学技术学院 S-shaped water turbine combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device

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US9151269B2 (en) 2009-07-20 2015-10-06 Differential Dynamics Corporation Run-of-the-river or ocean current turbine
CN102518542B (en) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-05 徐浩钟 Flowing water louvered power machine
CN102518546A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-06-27 徐浩钟 Shutter type water flow power generator
CN102518546B (en) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-05 徐浩钟 Shutter type water flow power generator
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CN102518542A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-06-27 徐浩钟 Flowing water louvered power machine
CN102878009A (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-01-16 大连理工大学 Diversion cover type elliptical orbit vertical-axis tidal current energy hydraulic turbine generator set
CN103266983A (en) * 2013-06-07 2013-08-28 青岛理工大学 Movable blade type tidal power generation device
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CN103535305A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-01-29 浙江海洋学院 Novel artificial fish reef
CN103535305B (en) * 2013-10-30 2017-01-11 浙江海洋学院 Artificial fish reef
CN110700985B (en) * 2019-10-26 2021-11-23 葛军 Hydroelectric generation device with regulatory function
CN110700985A (en) * 2019-10-26 2020-01-17 葛军 High-efficient type hydroelectric generation device with regulatory function
CN110657059B (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-11-20 张官明 Special fan blade applied to power generation device in tidal energy abundant area
CN110657059A (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-01-07 徐州达娇物资贸易有限公司 Special fan blade applied to power generation device in tidal energy abundant area
CN111765037A (en) * 2020-07-08 2020-10-13 陈琴 Water conservancy power generation system and power generation method
CN112067301A (en) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-11 宁波大学科学技术学院 S-shaped water turbine combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device

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