CN112067301A - S-shaped water turbine combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device - Google Patents
S-shaped water turbine combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112067301A CN112067301A CN202010949096.1A CN202010949096A CN112067301A CN 112067301 A CN112067301 A CN 112067301A CN 202010949096 A CN202010949096 A CN 202010949096A CN 112067301 A CN112067301 A CN 112067301A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an S-shaped water turbine performance test experimental device, in particular to an S-shaped water turbine combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device which comprises a support, N S-shaped water turbine components, a servo driving mechanism, N-1 tensioning wheel driving mechanisms and a dynamic torque sensor, wherein the support is composed of aluminum profiles, and N is more than or equal to 2. The invention is suitable for the energy capturing performance test of the S-shaped water turbine set, and can conveniently adjust the combination mode of the S-shaped water turbine, including the arrangement mode, the phase difference angle and the transmission ratio; when the energy capturing performance is tested, the rotating speed or torque of the S-shaped water turbine set is controlled by the servo motor, a fixed tip speed ratio experiment is realized when the rotating speed is fixed, a fixed damping experiment is realized when the torque is fixed, and the energy capturing performance of the S-shaped water turbine set under different tip speed ratios and different damping is respectively tested by combining a dynamic torque sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an S-shaped water turbine performance test experimental device, in particular to an S-shaped water turbine combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device.
Background
Ocean energy is one of the abundant resources in the ocean. Ocean energy has considerable reserves in the ocean and is renewable, is one of the recognized clean energy sources in the world at present, and has small pollution influence on the environment when being developed and utilized. At present, the development and utilization of ocean energy resources are very concerned in various countries, and the ocean energy resources become one of the main objects for the research of various countries in the world. The ocean energy can provide new energy for offshore facilities and isolated island rural areas in China, and has great significance for maintaining the sustainable, stable and rapid development of ocean economy and assisting ocean strengthening strategy.
The water turbine is the most critical mechanism in ocean energy capture and utilization, and directly influences energy capture efficiency. However, the development and utilization of ocean energy in China are still in the preliminary stage, the key problem of low ocean energy capture efficiency greatly hinders the development of ocean energy in China, and the most important problem is the problem of low energy capture efficiency of a water turbine. In order to improve the energy capturing efficiency of the water turbine, a large number of water turbine performance experiments need to be carried out, at present, a large number of researches are carried out on a single water turbine energy capturing efficiency experimental device, but the researches on a combined water turbine performance testing experimental device are few.
The resistance type water turbine is used for enabling the resistance difference formed by the two blades which face the current to rotate to do work by blocking the incoming current in the front, so that compared with a lift type water turbine, the resistance type water turbine has a better flow reducing and wave eliminating effect, a safer environment can be built in the sea area inside the water turbine set, and the resistance type water turbine is huge in significance in offshore breeding application, can capture energy on the spot, provides energy for offshore breeding facilities, and can build a safer breeding area. The S-type water turbine is a resistance type water turbine with wide application and excellent comprehensive performance, and as shown in fig. 1, an experimental device for testing the comprehensive performance of the S-type water turbine in a combined mode is designed. The influence of the variable on the energy capturing efficiency and the flow reducing and wave eliminating performance of the combined S-shaped water turbine set is researched mainly by controlling different variables such as flow speed, rotating speed and arrangement mode, so that the performance research of the combined S-shaped water turbine is promoted, and the ocean resource utilization rate in China is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide an experimental device for testing the comprehensive performance of an S-shaped water turbine combination mode, which can realize the adjustment of the S-shaped water turbine combination mode, including longitudinal and transverse distance adjustment, initial phase angle difference adjustment of an S-shaped water turbine set and adjustment of different rotation speed ratios of the S-shaped water turbine set.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for testing comprehensive performance of an S-shaped water turbine in a combined manner, comprising:
a bracket formed of aluminum profile, comprising:
a pair of first bodies of a rectangular structure, a plurality of second bodies located between the pair of first bodies, and one third body located on one side of any one of the first bodies;
the pair of first bodies are arranged in a mirror image manner;
the plurality of second bodies are divided into two groups arranged in a mirror image mode and correspond to the two long sides of the first body;
all the second bodies in the same group are arranged in parallel along the corresponding long sides; the end parts of the two sides of each second body are vertically intersected with the corresponding long edge, and are locked after performing linear reciprocating motion along the long edge;
the third body is vertically intersected with the long edge of the corresponding first body, and is locked after performing linear reciprocating motion along the long edge;
n S-shaped water turbine components, N is more than or equal to 2,
each S-shaped water turbine assembly comprises an S-shaped water turbine, a pair of first bearings and a pair of first bearing seats; the pair of first bearings are respectively sleeved on two sides of a rotating shaft of the S-shaped water turbine and positioned in the corresponding first bearing seats, a bearing inner ring of each first bearing is fixed with the rotating shaft, and a bearing outer ring of each first bearing is fixed with the first bearing seats;
the servo driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and N-1 synchronous belt wheel transmission mechanisms;
each synchronous pulley transmission mechanism comprises a driving wheel, at least one driven wheel, a synchronous belt for realizing linkage between the driving wheel and the driven wheel and a tension wheel for tensioning the synchronous belt all the time; the diameters of all driven wheels are different;
each tensioning wheel driving mechanism comprises a sliding rail, a motor, a pair of ball screw pairs, a pair of second bearings, a pair of second bearing seats and a support;
wherein, a pair of second bearing blocks are respectively fixed to the two side ends of one slide rail;
the pair of ball screw pairs are positioned in the slide rail, the screw part of the ball screw pairs directly extends along the slide rail, and the nut part linearly reciprocates along the slide rail;
the pair of second bearings are respectively sleeved on two sides of the screw rod part and positioned in the corresponding second bearing seats, the bearing inner ring of each second bearing is fixed with the screw rod part, and the bearing outer ring of each second bearing is fixed with the second bearing seats;
one motor is positioned on one side of the sliding rail, and a motor shaft is linked with the screw rod part;
a support fixed to the nut portion;
a dynamic torque sensor;
each S-shaped water turbine assembly corresponds to a pair of second bodies arranged in a mirror image mode, and a pair of first bearing seats are connected with the corresponding second bodies respectively and locked after performing linear reciprocating motion along the second bodies;
a servo motor and a dynamic torque sensor are positioned at one side of the third body, the servo motor is fixed with the third body, a motor shaft of the servo motor is connected with the dynamic torque sensor through a coupler, the dynamic torque sensor is connected with a rotating shaft of an S-shaped water turbine assembly through the coupler, and the coaxiality of the motor shaft of the servo motor, the dynamic torque sensor and the rotating shaft of the S-shaped water turbine assembly is less than phi 0.03 mm;
the rest N-1S-shaped water turbine components correspond to the tension wheel driving mechanism and the synchronous belt wheel driving mechanism one by one;
the motor and the slide rail of each tensioning wheel driving mechanism are fixed on a second body;
the driving wheel of each synchronous pulley transmission mechanism is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the corresponding S-shaped water turbine of the servo motor and is linked with the rotating shaft, the tensioning wheel is sleeved on the support of the corresponding tensioning wheel transmission mechanism and rotates around the support, and any driven wheel is detachably sleeved on the rotating shaft of the corresponding S-shaped water turbine component and is linked with the rotating shaft.
The invention is suitable for testing the energy capturing performance of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set, and the rotating speed or the torque of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set is controlled by the servo motor.
When the servo motor outputs at a constant rotating speed, the acting torque direction of the servo motor on the water turbine is the same as the acting torque direction of incoming flow on the water turbine, the constant rotating speed output drives the water turbine to carry out an experiment at a determined tip speed ratio, the torque and rotating speed values in a still water environment are recorded firstly, the torque and rotating speed values in a wave flow environment designed by the experiment are recorded after wave flow is loaded, and the energy capturing performance is reflected through the change of the front torque and the rear torque;
when the servo motor outputs with constant torque, the acting torque direction of the servo motor on the water turbine is opposite to the acting torque direction of incoming flow on the water turbine, the servo motor plays a role in damping regulation, the constant torque output realizes that the hydro turbine unit carries out an experiment with determined damping, and after wave flow is loaded, the rotating speed value of the S-shaped hydro turbine unit under the wave flow environment designed by the experiment is recorded to reflect the energy capturing performance.
The invention relates to an S-shaped water turbine combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device, which performs a test experiment by performing the following experiments:
experiment one: the influence of S-shaped water turbine groups with different arrangement modes on the energy capturing efficiency is researched, and the arrangement modes can be adjusted by changing the positions of the S-shaped water turbines on the two sides. Specifically, the longitudinal or/and transverse linear distance between the plurality of S-shaped water turbines can be realized, the S-shaped water turbine set can be adjusted between the included angles of 60-180 degrees, the positions of the single or the plurality of S-shaped water turbines are adjusted to enable the included angles to be 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees, 150 degrees and 180 degrees respectively, experiments are carried out respectively, and experimental data are recorded.
Experiment two: the influence of the phase difference of the S-shaped blades of different S-shaped hydraulic turbine sets on the energy capturing efficiency is researched, the initial phase angle of the S-shaped blades of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine sets can be adjusted, and the phase difference is adjusted. For example, initially, the relative angle between the S-type turbine groups is zero, and the angles required for the tests, such as the relative angles of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, and 135 °, are adjusted to perform the tests, and the test data is recorded.
Experiment three: the influence of S-shaped water turbine sets with different transmission ratios on the energy capturing efficiency is researched, the transmission ratio can be changed by changing the diameter of a driven wheel of the synchronous belt wheel transmission mechanism, and the rotating speed of the S-shaped water turbine set is changed. For example, the transmission ratios required by tests such as 1:1, 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 of the synchronous pulley transmission mechanism are respectively adjusted, the tests are respectively carried out, and the test data are recorded.
The invention discloses a technical optimization scheme, and relates to an S-shaped water turbine combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device, which structurally comprises:
the N angle rulers correspond to the S-shaped water turbine components one by one and are used for measuring phase angles of the corresponding S-shaped water turbines;
each angle ruler comprises a dial and a vernier, wherein the dial is formed by enclosing a section of major arc and a section of chord; one end of the vernier scale is hinged with the dial, and the other end of the vernier scale is provided with a waist hole with an opening on the side wall;
the top of each S-shaped water turbine is provided with a blade direction mark;
each angle ruler is located right above the corresponding S-shaped water turbine, the chord of one dial is propped against the side edge of the corresponding second body, the rotating shaft of one S-shaped water turbine penetrates through the waist hole of one vernier, and the mark and the ruler head of the vernier are always kept on the same spatial vertical reference surface.
In order to conveniently and accurately research the influence of different phase differences of the S-shaped water turbine set on the energy capturing efficiency, the angle ruler in the preferred technical scheme can realize the accurate adjustment of the initial angle of the S-shaped blade of the S-shaped water turbine, and further realize the accurate adjustment of the phase difference of the S-shaped water turbine set. For example: initially, the relative angle between the S-shaped water turbine groups is zero, the angles required by the tests, such as the relative angles of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° are respectively adjusted by the angle ruler, the tests are respectively performed, and the test data is recorded.
In another preferred technical scheme, the invention provides an experimental device for testing comprehensive performance of an S-shaped water turbine in a combined mode, which further comprises:
the system comprises a plurality of point type current meters, a plurality of current detection points are respectively distributed on the incident flow side and the non-incident flow side of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine unit;
and a plurality of wave height instruments are respectively distributed at a plurality of wave height detection points on the incident flow side and the non-incident flow side of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine unit.
In order to conveniently realize the flow reducing and wave eliminating performance evaluation of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set, a plurality of point type flow velocity meters are adopted in the preferable technical scheme, a plurality of flow velocity detection points are respectively distributed on the incident flow side and the non-incident flow side of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set, the flow velocity distribution of a certain area (namely the incident flow side and the non-incident flow side) in the front and the rear of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set is measured, the flow velocity average value is obtained, and the flow velocity average values in the front and the rear of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set are compared to reflect the flow reducing performance of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set.
Similarly, the wave heights of the front and the rear of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set are compared to reflect the wave-absorbing performance of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set.
The S-shaped water turbine combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device has the following remarkable advantages:
1. the experimental device is arranged in an experimental water tank, and can accurately carry out experimental research on the energy capturing performance and the flow reducing and wave eliminating performance of the S-shaped water turbine set at different flow velocities. Comprises the following steps: 1) the arrangement mode of the S-shaped water turbine set is changed by adjusting the installation position of the S-shaped water turbine, and the influence of different arrangement modes on the comprehensive performance of the S-shaped water turbine set is researched; 2) the influence of different rotating speeds of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set on the comprehensive performance of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set is researched by changing the transmission ratio; 3) before the experiment is started, the same phase of the S-shaped turbine set is set, and then the phase angle of the S-shaped blade of the S-shaped turbine is adjusted, so that the influence of the different phase differences on the comprehensive performance of the S-shaped turbine set is researched.
2. The experimental device is simple in structural design, good in stability and high in accuracy of experimental test data.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an S-type water turbine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an experimental apparatus provided in the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the second body and the long side of the first body in the bracket;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an S-type turbine assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a synchronous pulley drive;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a tensioner drive mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an S-shaped water turbine assembly and a second body;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial schematic view at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 shows a first arrangement of three S-turbine modules;
FIG. 10 shows a second arrangement of three S-turbine modules;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of four (0, 45, 90, 135) phase differences exhibited by three S-turbine assemblies;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a bevel incorporated into an experimental apparatus;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a point type current meter with current detection points arranged behind (on the non-incident side of) an S-type hydraulic turbine set.
In the figure: the device comprises a support 1, a first body 2, a second body 3, a third body 4, a long side 5, an S-shaped water turbine assembly 6, an S-shaped water turbine 7, a first bearing 8, a first bearing seat 9, a rotating shaft 10, a servo motor 11, a synchronous pulley transmission mechanism 12, a driving wheel 13, a driven wheel 14, a synchronous belt 15, a tensioning wheel 16, a tensioning wheel driving mechanism 17, a sliding rail 18, a motor 19, a second bearing 20, a second bearing seat 21, a support 22, a screw rod part 23, a nut part 24, a dynamic torque sensor 25, a motor mounting support 26, an angle ruler 27, a dial 28, a vernier scale 29, a kidney hole 30, a blade direction mark 31, a point type flow meter 32 and a wave height meter 33.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person of ordinary skill in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, as an embodiment of the present invention, the experimental apparatus for testing comprehensive performance of a combination of S-type hydraulic turbines provided in this embodiment includes:
a support 1 formed of an aluminum profile, comprising:
a pair of first bodies 2 of rectangular configuration and parallel to a spatial vertical reference plane, ten second bodies 3 located between the pair of first bodies 2 and one third body 4 located above the first body 2 on the left side;
the pair of first bodies 2 are arranged in mirror image in the left-right direction in fig. 2;
the ten second bodies 3 are divided into two groups of five in a mirror image arrangement in the up-down direction in fig. 2, and correspond to the upper and lower two long sides 5 of the first body 2;
the five second bodies 3 in the same group are arranged in parallel along the corresponding long sides 5, and a certain distance exists between every two adjacent groups of second bodies 3; the end parts of the two sides of each second body 3 are vertically intersected with the corresponding long edge 5, and are locked after performing linear reciprocating motion along the long edge 5;
as shown in fig. 3, the specific structure of the present embodiment for realizing the locking after the second body 3 performs the linear reciprocating motion along the long side 5 of the first body 2 is as follows:
a sliding groove extending along the length direction of the long edge 5 is formed in the side face of the long edge 5 of the first body 2, a pair of angle steels are respectively welded to two sides of the end part of the second body 3, and the pair of angle steels are connected with the first body 2 through bolt fastening components; specifically, bolt fastening components includes hex bolts and hexagon nut, and the bolt head of hex bolts is located the spout of first body 2, and the diameter of bolt head and the internal diameter phase-match of spout, hex bolts can only carry out the reciprocal translation of straight line along the spout, and can't realize the rotation, predetermines the through-hole on the angle steel, and aforementioned through-hole is passed earlier to the screw rod section of hex bolts, the aforementioned hexagon nut of back screw in. When the second body 3 needs to be translated in a reciprocating linear manner along the long side 5 of the first body 2, the hexagonal nut cannot be screwed, and vice versa, the second body 3 is locked to the first body 2.
The third body 4 is vertically intersected with the long edge 5 of the corresponding first body 2, and is locked after performing linear reciprocating motion along the long edge 5; the specific structure of the embodiment for realizing the locking after the third body 4 performs the linear reciprocating motion along the long side 5 of the first body 2 is consistent with the structure design of the second body 3 and the first body 2, so that the applicant does not repeat the description here in order to ensure the clear and concise expression of the content of the present invention.
N number of S type hydraulic turbine subassembly 6, N is more than or equal to 2, and the quantity of S type hydraulic turbine subassembly 6 is three in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4, each S-turbine assembly 6 includes one S-turbine 7 (shown in fig. 1), a pair of first bearings 8, and a pair of first bearing seats 9; wherein, a pair of first bearings 8 are respectively sleeved on two sides of a rotating shaft 10 of the S-shaped water turbine 7 and positioned in corresponding first bearing seats 9, the inner bearing ring of each first bearing 8 and the rotating shaft 10 are fixed by a shaft retainer ring, and the outer bearing ring and the first bearing seats 9 are fixed by a hole retainer ring; the applicant of the above-mentioned S-type turbine 7 has already briefly introduced the aforementioned background art, and has already made extensive use in the fields related to ocean energy development and mariculture, and those skilled in the art and related fields can obtain it by direct purchase.
When a single bearing is used in cooperation with the rotating shaft 10 and the bearing seat, the fixing modes of the rotating shaft 10 and the first bearing 8 and the fixing modes of the first bearing 8 and the first bearing seat 9 are common fixing modes of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing.
The servo driving mechanism comprises a servo motor 11 and two synchronous belt wheel transmission mechanisms 12;
as shown in fig. 5, each synchronous pulley transmission mechanism 12 includes a driving pulley 13, a plurality of driven pulleys 14 with different diameters, a synchronous belt 15 for linking the driving pulley 13 and the driven pulleys 14, and a tension pulley 16 for tensioning the synchronous belt 15 all the time; the purpose of using a plurality of driven wheels 14 with different diameters is to facilitate the adjustment of the transmission ratio of the synchronous pulley transmission 12 in the experimental apparatus. Therefore, once the combination of the S-turbine assemblies 6 is determined, and in particular the transmission ratio of the synchronous pulley transmission 12 is determined, only one specific driven pulley 14 needs to be used in each synchronous pulley transmission 12, and the other unused driven pulleys 14 can be temporarily and additionally stored.
As shown in fig. 6, three tensioner driving mechanisms 17, each tensioner driving mechanism 17 includes a slide rail 18, a motor 19, a pair of ball screw pairs, a pair of second bearings 20, a pair of second bearing seats 21, and a support 22;
wherein a pair of second bearing blocks 21 are respectively mounted to both side end portions of one slide rail 18; the second bearing seat 21 and the slide rail 18 can be fixed by welding. Of course, during the actual production and processing of the experimental device, the welding and fixing process can be replaced by other mechanical fixing modes. For example: the mechanical connection mode is stable riveting, buckling and the like.
A pair of ball screw pairs are positioned in the slide rail 18, a screw part 23 of the ball screw pair extends along the slide rail 18 directly, and a nut part 24 of the ball screw pair reciprocates linearly along the slide rail 18;
the ball screw pair is a common kinematic pair for converting rotary motion into linear motion or converting linear motion into rotary motion, can be directly purchased and obtained by technicians in the field and related fields, and is applied to the experimental device without any limitation on the model.
The pair of second bearings 20 are respectively sleeved on two sides of the screw part 23 and located in the corresponding second bearing seats 21, the inner bearing ring of each second bearing 20 and the screw part 23 are fixed through a shaft retainer ring, and the outer bearing ring and the second bearing seats 21 are fixed through a hole retainer ring.
A motor 19 is arranged on one side of the slide rail 18, and a motor shaft is connected with the lead screw part 23 through a coupling, so that the two are linked.
A bracket 22 is directly fixed to the top of the nut portion 24 as in fig. 6 by a bolt fastener.
A dynamic torque sensor 25; the torque and the rotating speed are main data required to be measured by the experimental device, the energy capturing performance of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine set is evaluated by the torque and rotating speed data, and the data are measured and recorded by selecting a torque sensor with a proper type.
The torque sensor is composed of two major categories, a static torque sensor and a dynamic torque sensor 25. When the torque variation is severe, the dynamic torque sensor 25 is mainly used for measurement. In general, a static torque sensor is used to measure the torque variation when the torque variation is relatively gentle. The present experimental apparatus measures the torque of the hydraulic turbine, and therefore the dynamic torque sensor 25 is selected.
Each S-shaped water turbine assembly 6 corresponds to a pair of second bodies 3 arranged in a mirror image mode, and a pair of first bearing seats 9 are respectively connected with the corresponding second bodies 3 and locked after performing linear reciprocating motion along the second bodies 3;
as shown in fig. 7, the concrete structure of the experimental apparatus for realizing locking after the S-shaped water turbine assembly 6 performs the linear reciprocating motion along the second body 3 is as follows: as shown in fig. 7, a sliding groove extending along the length direction is formed on the side surface of the second body 3, and the first bearing seat 9 of the S-shaped water turbine assembly 6 is connected with the second body 3 through a bolt fastening assembly; specifically, bolt fastening components comprises hexagon bolt and hexagon nut, and in hexagon bolt 'S the bolt head embedding spout, the diameter of bolt head and the internal diameter phase-match of spout, hexagon bolt can only carry out the reciprocal translation of straight line along the spout, and can't realize the rotation, predetermines the through-hole on S type hydraulic turbine subassembly 6 'S the first bearing frame 9, and hexagon bolt' S screw section passes aforementioned through-hole earlier, the aforementioned hexagon nut of back screw in again. When the S-shaped turbine assembly 6 needs to be translated in a reciprocating linear manner along the length direction of the second body 3, the hexagonal nut cannot be screwed, otherwise, the hexagonal nut and the hexagonal nut are screwed, and the first bearing seat 9 is locked on the second body 3.
As shown in fig. 8, a servo motor 11 and a dynamic torque sensor 25 are located at the right side of the third body 4 as shown in fig. 8, and a servo motor 11 is directly fixed to the third body 4 through a motor mounting bracket 26, wherein the servo motor 11 and the motor mounting bracket 26 may be fixed using a bolt fastening assembly, and the motor mounting bracket 26 may be directly welded to the third body 4 using a welding fixing process.
A motor shaft of the servo motor 11 is connected with a dynamic torque sensor 25 through a coupler, the dynamic torque sensor 25 is connected with a rotating shaft 10 of an S-shaped water turbine assembly 6 through the coupler, and the coaxiality of the motor shaft of the servo motor 11, the dynamic torque sensor 25 and the rotating shaft 10 of the S-shaped water turbine assembly 6 is less than phi 0.03 mm; only within the above-mentioned axiality tolerance range, this experimental apparatus can normally stabilize and efficient work.
The other two S-shaped water turbine assemblies 6 correspond to the tension wheel driving mechanism 17 and the synchronous belt wheel driving mechanism 12 one by one;
the motor 19 and the slide rail 18 of each tensioning wheel drive 17 are fixed to one second body 3 with bolt fasteners;
the driving wheel 13 of each synchronous pulley transmission mechanism 12 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 10 of the servo motor 11 corresponding to the S-shaped water turbine 7 and linked with each other, the tension wheel 16 is sleeved on the support 22 of the corresponding tension wheel drive mechanism 17 and rotates around the support 22, and the designated driven wheel 14 after the transmission ratio is determined is detachably sleeved on the rotating shaft 10 of the corresponding S-shaped water turbine assembly 6 and linked with each other.
In the experimental device, the driven wheel 14 of the synchronous pulley transmission mechanism 12 is detachably fixed on the rotating shaft 10 of the S-shaped water turbine assembly 6 after being matched with the check ring through a key.
The invention relates to an S-shaped water turbine 7 combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device, which performs a test experiment by performing the following experiments:
experiment one: as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the influence of the S-shaped water turbines 7 in different arrangements on the energy capturing efficiency is studied, and the arrangement can be adjusted by changing the positions of the S-shaped water turbines 7 on the two sides. Specifically, the longitudinal or/and transverse linear distances among the plurality of S-shaped water turbines 7 can be realized, the group of S-shaped water turbines 7 can be adjusted at included angles of 60 to 180 degrees, the positions of one or more S-shaped water turbines 7 are adjusted to make the included angles respectively 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 degrees, experiments are performed respectively, and experimental data are recorded.
Experiment two: as shown in fig. 11, the influence of the phase difference between the S-shaped blades of different S-shaped turbine 7 groups on the energy capturing efficiency was studied, and the initial phase angle of the S-shaped blades of the S-shaped turbine 7 groups was adjusted to adjust the phase difference. For example, initially, the relative angle between the groups of the S-type hydraulic turbines 7 is set to zero, and the angles required for the tests, such as the relative angles of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, and 135 °, are adjusted to perform the tests, and the test data is recorded.
Experiment three: the influence of the S-shaped water turbines 7 with different transmission ratios on the energy capturing efficiency is researched, and the rotating speed of the S-shaped water turbines 7 can be changed by changing the diameter of the driven wheel 14 of the synchronous pulley transmission mechanism 12 so as to change the transmission ratio. For example, the transmission ratios of the synchronous pulley transmission 12 are adjusted to be the transmission ratios required by the tests, such as 1:1, 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30, respectively, the tests are carried out respectively, and the test data is recorded.
In order to conveniently and accurately study the influence of different phase differences of the group of S-type water turbines 7 on the energy capturing efficiency, as shown in fig. 12, as a second embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment further includes three angle scales 27, which correspond to the S-type water turbine assemblies 6 one by one, and are used for measuring the phase angle of the corresponding S-type water turbine 7.
Each angle ruler 27 comprises a dial 28 and a vernier 29 which are enclosed by a section of major arc and a section of chord; wherein, one end of the vernier 29 is hinged with the dial 28, and the other end is provided with a waist hole 30 with an opening on the side wall;
the top of each S-shaped water turbine 7 is provided with a blade direction mark 31; in the experimental device, the blade direction mark 31 is a section of mark line additionally arranged on the top of the S-shaped water turbine 7 as shown in FIG. 12.
Wherein each angle ruler 27 is positioned right above the corresponding S-shaped water turbine 7, the chord of a dial 28 is propped against the side edge of the corresponding second body 3, the rotating shaft 10 of the S-shaped water turbine 7 passes through the waist hole 30 of a vernier 29, and the mark 31 and the ruler head of the vernier 29 are always kept on the same spatial vertical reference plane.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the angle ruler 27 can realize the accurate adjustment of the initial angle of the S-shaped blades of the S-shaped water turbine 7, and further realize the accurate adjustment of the phase difference of the group of S-shaped water turbines 7. For example: initially, the relative angle between 7 groups of the S-shaped water turbine is zero, the angles required by the tests, such as the relative angles of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° are respectively adjusted by the angle ruler, the tests are respectively performed, and the test data is recorded.
In order to conveniently realize the flow reducing and wave damping performance evaluation of the group of S-type hydraulic turbines 7, as shown in fig. 13, as a third embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment further includes a plurality of point type flow velocity meters 32 and a plurality of wave height meters 33, and the flow velocity detection points and the wave height meters 33 are arranged in an array on the non-incident side and the incident side of the group of S-type hydraulic turbines 7.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of point type flow velocity meters 32 are adopted, a plurality of flow velocity detection points are respectively arranged on the incident flow side and the non-incident flow side of the S-shaped water turbine 7 group, the flow velocity distribution of a certain region (i.e., the incident flow side and the non-incident flow side) in the front and the rear of the S-shaped water turbine 7 group is measured, the average value of the flow velocity is obtained, and the average value of the flow velocity in the front and the rear of the S-shaped water turbine 7 group is compared to reflect the flow reduction performance of the S-shaped water turbine 7.
Similarly, the wave heights of the front and the back of the 7 groups of S-shaped water turbines are compared to reflect the wave-absorbing performance of the 7 groups of S-shaped water turbines.
The point type current meter 32 and the wave height meter 33 are widely applied in the fields of ocean energy development, marine culture and the like, and can be directly obtained by purchasing by technical personnel in the field and related fields, so that the working principle and the working mode of the two products of the point type current meter 32 and the wave height meter 33 are not described in detail in the application in order to ensure that the content of the invention can be clearly and simply expressed.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as those of the present application, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a comprehensive performance test experimental apparatus of S type hydraulic turbine compound mode, characterized by includes:
a bracket formed of aluminum profile, comprising:
a pair of first bodies of a rectangular structure, a plurality of second bodies located between the pair of first bodies, and one third body located on one side of any one of the first bodies;
the pair of first bodies are arranged in a mirror image manner;
the plurality of second bodies are divided into two groups arranged in a mirror image mode and correspond to the two long sides of the first body;
all the second bodies in the same group are arranged in parallel along the corresponding long sides; the end parts of the two sides of each second body are vertically intersected with the corresponding long edge, and are locked after performing linear reciprocating motion along the long edge;
the third body is vertically intersected with the long edge of the corresponding first body, and is locked after performing linear reciprocating motion along the long edge;
n S-shaped water turbine components, N is more than or equal to 2,
each S-shaped water turbine assembly comprises an S-shaped water turbine, a pair of first bearings and a pair of first bearing seats; the pair of first bearings are respectively sleeved on two sides of a rotating shaft of the S-shaped water turbine and positioned in the corresponding first bearing seats, a bearing inner ring of each first bearing is fixed with the rotating shaft, and a bearing outer ring of each first bearing is fixed with the first bearing seats;
the servo driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and N-1 synchronous belt wheel transmission mechanisms;
each synchronous pulley transmission mechanism comprises a driving wheel, at least one driven wheel, a synchronous belt for realizing linkage between the driving wheel and the driven wheel and a tension wheel for tensioning the synchronous belt all the time; the diameters of all driven wheels are different;
each tensioning wheel driving mechanism comprises a sliding rail, a motor, a pair of ball screw pairs, a pair of second bearings, a pair of second bearing seats and a support;
wherein, a pair of second bearing blocks are respectively fixed to the two side ends of one slide rail;
the pair of ball screw pairs are positioned in the slide rail, the screw part of the ball screw pairs directly extends along the slide rail, and the nut part linearly reciprocates along the slide rail;
the pair of second bearings are respectively sleeved on two sides of the screw rod part and positioned in the corresponding second bearing seats, the bearing inner ring of each second bearing is fixed with the screw rod part, and the bearing outer ring of each second bearing is fixed with the second bearing seats;
one motor is positioned on one side of the sliding rail, and a motor shaft is linked with the screw rod part;
a support fixed to the nut portion;
a dynamic torque sensor;
each S-shaped water turbine assembly corresponds to a pair of second bodies arranged in a mirror image mode, and a pair of first bearing seats are connected with the corresponding second bodies respectively and locked after performing linear reciprocating motion along the second bodies;
a servo motor and a dynamic torque sensor are positioned at one side of the third body, the servo motor is fixed with the third body, a motor shaft of the servo motor is connected with the dynamic torque sensor through a coupler, the dynamic torque sensor is connected with a rotating shaft of an S-shaped water turbine assembly through the coupler, and the coaxiality of the motor shaft of the servo motor, the dynamic torque sensor and the rotating shaft of the S-shaped water turbine assembly is less than phi 0.03 mm;
the rest N-1S-shaped water turbine components correspond to the tension wheel driving mechanism and the synchronous belt wheel driving mechanism one by one;
the motor and the slide rail of each tensioning wheel driving mechanism are fixed on a second body;
the driving wheel of each synchronous pulley transmission mechanism is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the corresponding S-shaped water turbine of the servo motor and is linked with the rotating shaft, the tensioning wheel is sleeved on the support of the corresponding tensioning wheel transmission mechanism and rotates around the support, and any driven wheel is detachably sleeved on the rotating shaft of the corresponding S-shaped water turbine component and is linked with the rotating shaft.
2. The combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device of the S-shaped water turbine as claimed in claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
the N angle rulers correspond to the S-shaped water turbine components one by one and are used for measuring phase angles of the corresponding S-shaped water turbines;
each angle ruler comprises a dial and a vernier, wherein the dial is formed by enclosing a section of major arc and a section of chord; one end of the vernier scale is hinged with the dial, and the other end of the vernier scale is provided with a waist hole with an opening on the side wall;
the top of each S-shaped water turbine is provided with a blade direction mark;
each angle ruler is located right above the corresponding S-shaped water turbine, the chord of one dial is propped against the side edge of the corresponding second body, the rotating shaft of one S-shaped water turbine penetrates through the waist hole of one vernier, and the mark and the ruler head of the vernier are always kept on the same spatial vertical reference surface.
3. The combination mode comprehensive performance test experimental device of the S-shaped water turbine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by further comprising:
the system comprises a plurality of point type current meters, a plurality of current detection points are respectively distributed on the incident flow side and the non-incident flow side of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine unit;
and a plurality of wave height instruments are respectively distributed at a plurality of wave height detection points on the incident flow side and the non-incident flow side of the S-shaped hydraulic turbine unit.
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