CN110559881A - 一种用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及其制备方法，旨在提供一种可用于水处理的膜材料。氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜包括基体、氧化石墨烯和枝接在氧化石墨烯膜表面的聚苯胺，其制备方法为将氧化石墨烯在基体上制备成膜，随后将其浸入苯胺和过硫酸铵的混合酸溶液，反应一定时间，取出，清洗表面聚苯胺，即可得到氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜。本发明中的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜，制备工艺简单，成本低，且净化效果良好。
Description
技术领域
一种用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，属水处理和膜材料领域。
背景技术
水资源是人类赖以生存的物质基础，但随着全世界人口增长和工业化的不断发展，人类所面临的水资源危机越来越严重，特别是我国人口众多，水资源分布不均，缺水日益严重。此外，由于我国正处于快速发展阶段，环保意识不强，各项污染物未经处理就直接排放造成了河流湖泊大面积的严重污染，直接加重了我国的水资源危机。因此，如何高效利用水资源便成为了当前研究的重点和热点。
日前，对于污水处理的方法，应用最广泛的为膜处理技术，而石墨烯膜利用其层间距能够实现对污染物的快速有效净化受到科学和产业界的关注，但氧化石墨烯由于其表面官能团的亲水作用，导致在水中层间距变大，对污染物的截留率降低，不利于其对污水的高效处理。
发明内容
针对现有材料和技术的不足，本发明公开一种用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，此氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜，制备工艺简单，成本低，且净化效果良好。
为实现以上技术特点，本发明通过以下方式实现。
本发明中所述的复合膜包括基体、氧化石墨烯以及枝接在膜表面的聚苯胺。
本发明所述的基体为微滤膜、超滤膜和纳滤膜以及反渗透膜。
本发明所述的氧化石墨烯可利用纳米石墨或微米石墨制备。
本发明所述的氧化石墨烯在基体上的负载量为30mg/m2-500mg/m2。
本发明所述的制备方法为将氧化石墨烯制备成膜，随后将其浸入苯胺和过硫酸铵的混合酸溶液，反应一定时间，取出，清洗表面聚苯胺，即可得到氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜。
本发明所述的成膜方法为喷涂法，涂布法，压滤法或抽滤法。
本发明所述的酸溶液包括盐酸、硫酸、磷酸或高氯酸等。
本发明所述的酸溶液浓度为0.5mol/L-2mol/L。
本发明所述的浸泡时间需大于等于6h。
具有以下优点：
1.本发明提供一种用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，氧化石墨烯表面含有大量官能团，能够有效和聚苯胺以共价键的方式结合在一起，使其稳定附着在氧化石墨烯膜的表面，聚苯胺在水中带正电，对水中带正电荷的重金属离子具有排斥作用，对带负电荷的污染物具有吸附作用，可有效提高氧化石墨烯膜对污染物的截留率。
2.本发明提供一种用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，制备工艺简单，无论是氧化石墨烯还是聚苯胺的合成以及复合膜的制备均是在水溶中进行，无有毒溶剂，绿色环保，且每平方米复合膜需要的石墨烯和聚苯胺用量极少，降低了生产成本。
具体实施方式
为进一步阐述本发明，下面给出实施例来说明，在下属实例中，提供了本发明若干实施方式和组成，然而本发明并不局限于采用下述方式实施，本领域技术人员在理解本发明的基础上对本发明所进行的变更、替换、改进依旧属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：
将氧化石墨烯溶于水中，超声分散，通过涂布的方法将氧化石墨烯附着在微滤膜上，负载量为50mg/m2，将其浸泡在苯胺和过硫酸铵的盐酸溶液中，浸泡时间为6h，去除未枝接的聚苯胺，即得到氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜。复合膜的水通量为113L/(m2·h)，对0.1mol/L的铜离子的渗透通量为92L/(m2·h)，截留率可达27％，对亚甲基蓝的渗透通量为77L/(m2·h)截留率为71％。
实施例2：
将氧化石墨烯溶于水中，超声分散，通过涂布的方法将氧化石墨烯附着在微滤膜上，负载量为100mg/m2，将其浸泡在苯胺和过硫酸铵的盐酸溶液中，浸泡时间为9h，去除未枝接的聚苯胺，即得到氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜。复合膜的水通量为72L/(m2·h)，对0.1mol/L的铜离子的渗透通量为70L/(m2·h)，截留率可达42％，对亚甲基蓝的渗透通量为52L/(m2·h)截留率为97％。
实施例3：
将氧化石墨烯溶于水中，超声分散，通过涂布的方法将氧化石墨烯附着在钠滤膜上，负载量为200mg/m2，将其浸泡在苯胺和过硫酸铵的盐酸溶液中，浸泡时间为12h，去除未枝接的聚苯胺，即得到氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜。复合膜的水通量为49L/(m2·h)，对0.1mol/L的铜离子的渗透通量为42L/(m2·h)，截留率可达48％，对亚甲基蓝的渗透通量为35L/(m2·h)截留率为99％。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，其特征在于，所述的复合膜包括基体、氧化石墨烯以及枝接在膜表面的聚苯胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，其特征在于所述的基体为微滤膜、超滤膜和纳滤膜以及反渗透膜。
3.根据权利要求1所述用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，其特征在于所述的氧化石墨烯可利用纳米石墨或微米石墨制备。
4.根据权利要求1所述用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，其特征在于所述的氧化石墨烯在基体的负载量为30mg/m2-500mg/m2。
5.根据权利要求1所述用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，其特征在于所述的制备方法为将氧化石墨烯制备成膜，随后将其浸入苯胺和过硫酸铵的混合酸溶液，反应一定时间，取出，清洗表面聚苯胺，即可得到氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜。
6.根据权利要求3所述用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，其特征在于所述的成膜方法为喷涂法，涂布法，压滤法或抽滤法。
7.根据权利要求3所述用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，其特征在于所述的酸溶液包括盐酸、硫酸、磷酸或高氯酸等。
8.根据权利要求5所述用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，其特征在于所述的酸溶液浓度为0.5mol/L-2mol/L。
9.根据权利要求3所述用于水处理的氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合膜及制备方法，其特征在于所述的浸泡时间需大于等于6h。
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| WO2015075453A1 (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-28 | The University Of Manchester | Osmosis |
| CN105810455A (zh) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-27 | 贵州大学 | 一种石墨烯/聚苯胺复合薄膜电极的制备方法 |
| CN109433013A (zh) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-03-08 | 广东工业大学 | 一种氧化石墨烯与石墨相氮化碳复合改性的膜材料及其制备方法 |
| CN209317459U (zh) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-08-30 | 广东工业大学 | 一种新型有机超滤膜 |
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