CN110528787B - 一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110528787B
CN110528787B CN201910649945.9A CN201910649945A CN110528787B CN 110528787 B CN110528787 B CN 110528787B CN 201910649945 A CN201910649945 A CN 201910649945A CN 110528787 B CN110528787 B CN 110528787B
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modified asphalt
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苗光兴
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Shandong Swift Waterproof Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法，包括上弹性改性沥青层，所述上弹性改性沥青层下表面贴合有保护层，所述保护层底端粘接有织网层，所述织网层底端粘接有下弹性改性沥青层，所述下弹性改性沥青层底端粘接有自沾层，本发明结构科学合理，使用安全方便，上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层可以作为基层，从而保证卷材基本的使用，防止漏水，乙烯具有保温的作用，而砂石和泥浆层可以保证卷材的承重能力，并且橡皮层可以便于卷材受到外界突然而来的压力，防止变形，增加其韧性，便于可以更久的使用，增加了卷材的使用寿命，聚苯乙烯泡沫层可以便于隔温，防止了温度的传递。

Description

一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及防水卷材技术领域，具体为一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法。
背景技术
防水卷材主要是用于建筑墙体、屋面、以及隧道、公路、垃圾填埋场等处，起到抵御外界雨水、地下水渗漏的一种可卷曲成卷状的柔性建材产品，作为工程基础与建筑物之间无渗漏连接，是整个工程防水的第一道屏障，对整个工程起着至关重要的作用。
但是目前市场上的弹性体改性沥青防水卷材在使用中，弹性不足，并且使用寿命短，拉伸强度差，容易断裂，在后期的使用中，造成返修与维保，极大的造成资源与资金的损失。
发明内容
本发明提供一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法，可以有效解决上述背景技术中提出目前市场上的弹性体改性沥青防水卷材在使用中，弹性不足，并且使用寿命短，拉伸强度差，容易断裂，在后期的使用中，造成返修与维保，极大的造成资源与资金的损失的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，包括上弹性改性沥青层，所述上弹性改性沥青层下表面贴合有保护层，所述保护层底端粘接有织网层，所述织网层底端粘接有下弹性改性沥青层，所述下弹性改性沥青层底端粘接有自沾层；
所述保护层包括聚乙烯、凹槽、砂石、橡皮层、泥浆层、下圆台、聚苯乙烯泡沫层、热熔胶；
所述聚乙烯表面开设有凹槽，所述凹槽内部填充有砂石，所述凹槽外侧的聚乙烯表面贴合有橡皮层，所述橡皮层顶端填充有泥浆层；
所述聚乙烯底端设置有下圆台，所述聚乙烯底端粘接有聚苯乙烯泡沫层，所述聚苯乙烯泡沫层底端设置有热熔胶。
根据上述技术方案，所述上弹性改性沥青层上表面贴合有隔离纸。
根据上述技术方案，所述织网层包括经线、纬线、纵线和粘接剂；
所述经线和纬线相互上下交叉纺织，所述纵线斜编织入经线和纬线之间，所述经线、纬线和纵线空隙处填充有粘接剂。
根据上述技术方案，所述织网层与保护层通过热熔胶相连，所述下弹性改性沥青层和织网层通过粘接剂相连，所述粘接剂为改良沥青。
根据上述技术方案，所述经线和纬线均为化纤线，所述纵线为棉线和钢丝，且安装比例为2:1-3:1。
根据上述技术方案，所述上弹性改性沥青层厚度为1.5-2.0mm，所述下弹性改性沥青层厚度为1.0-1.5mm。
一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，具体包括如下步骤：
S1、将沥青材料与改性剂、软化剂和滑石粉加入到燃气导热油炉中，进行搅拌加热，同时进行温度监测；
S2、到达指定温度后，搅拌的同时进行研磨；
S3、研磨后加入胎基，接着浸油、涂油、冷却的操作，制成上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层；
S4、将上弹性改性沥青层、保护层、织网层、下弹性改性沥青层和自沾层依次粘接在一起；
S5、将隔离纸贴合在上弹性改性沥青层表面，接着卷取；
S6、进行成品检测，合格后包装入库。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S2中温度在150-170度加入软化剂；
温度在170-190度加入改性剂，研磨2-3次；
温度在200-210度加入滑石粉，搅拌20-40分钟；
所述软化剂为机油，所述改性剂为SBS。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S3中温度为170-180度，所述涂油温度为165-175度。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S6中检测标准为外观质量和物理质量；
所述外观质量检验标准为GB18242-2008；
所述物理质量检验标准为GB18242-2008。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：本发明结构科学合理，使用安全方便：
1、上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层可以作为基层，从而保证卷材基本的使用，防止漏水，乙烯具有保温的作用，而砂石和泥浆层可以保证卷材的承重能力，并且橡皮层可以便于卷材受到外界突然而来的压力，防止变形，增加其韧性，便于可以更久的使用，增加了卷材的使用寿命。
2、聚苯乙烯泡沫层可以便于隔温，防止了温度的传递，下圆台可以更好的保证上小下大的造型，便于了压力的平衡，织网层可以使得卷材可以更加的坚韧，防止了损坏。
3、织网层为化纤线、棉线和钢丝，从而提高了自身的韧性，在钢丝的作用，防止了变形与拉断，增加了撕裂强度和拉伸强度，提高了后期的使用寿命。
4、通过研磨后加入胎基，接着浸油、涂油、冷却的操作，制成上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层，接着将上弹性改性沥青层、保护层、织网层、下弹性改性沥青层和自沾层依次粘接在一起，形成一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，工作流程简单明了，适合推广使用。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的整体外形结构示意图；
图3是本发明的保护层结构示意图；
图4是本发明的织网层结构示意图；
图5是本发明的制备方法步骤示意图；
图中标号：1、隔离纸；2、上弹性改性沥青层；
3、保护层；301、聚乙烯；302、凹槽；303、砂石；304、橡皮层；305、泥浆层；306、下圆台；307、聚苯乙烯泡沫层；308、热熔胶；
4、织网层；401、经线；402、纬线；403、纵线；404、粘接剂；
5、下弹性改性沥青层；6、自沾层。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1：如图1-4所示，本发明提供技术方案，一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，包括上弹性改性沥青层2，上弹性改性沥青层2上表面贴合有隔离纸1，从而可以便于保护卷材在搬运中不会受到表面损坏，上弹性改性沥青层2下表面贴合有保护层3，保护层3底端粘接有织网层4，织网层4底端粘接有下弹性改性沥青层5，下弹性改性沥青层5底端粘接有自沾层6，上弹性改性沥青层2和下弹性改性沥青层5可以作为基层，从而保证卷材基本的使用，防止漏水；
保护层3包括聚乙烯301、凹槽302、砂石303、橡皮层304、泥浆层305、下圆台306、聚苯乙烯泡沫层307、热熔胶308；
聚乙烯301表面开设有凹槽302，凹槽302内部填充有砂石303，凹槽302外侧的聚乙烯301表面贴合有橡皮层304，橡皮层304顶端填充有泥浆层305；
聚乙烯301底端设置有下圆台306，聚乙烯301底端粘接有聚苯乙烯泡沫层307，聚苯乙烯泡沫层307底端设置有热熔胶308
聚乙烯301具有保温的作用，而砂石303和泥浆层305可以保证卷材的承重能力，并且橡皮层304可以便于卷材受到外界突然而来的压力，防止变形，增加其韧性，便于可以更久的使用，增加了卷材的使用寿命，而聚苯乙烯泡沫层307可以便于隔温，防止了温度的传递，下圆台306可以更好的保证上小下大的造型，便于了压力的平衡。
织网层4包括经线401、纬线402、纵线403和粘接剂404；
经线401和纬线402相互上下交叉纺织，纵线403斜编织入经线401和纬线402之间，经线401、纬线402和纵线403空隙处填充有粘接剂404，经线401和纬线402均为化纤线，纵线403为棉线和钢丝，且安装比例为2:1，可以使得卷材可以更加的坚韧，防止了损坏，而织网层4与保护层3通过热熔胶308相连，下弹性改性沥青层5和织网层4通过粘接剂404相连，其中粘接剂404为改良沥青。
而上弹性改性沥青层2厚度为1.5mm，下弹性改性沥青层5厚度为1.0mm。
实施例2：如图1-4所示，本发明提供技术方案，一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，包括上弹性改性沥青层2，上弹性改性沥青层2上表面贴合有隔离纸1，从而可以便于保护卷材在搬运中不会受到表面损坏，上弹性改性沥青层2下表面贴合有保护层3，保护层3底端粘接有织网层4，织网层4底端粘接有下弹性改性沥青层5，下弹性改性沥青层5底端粘接有自沾层6，上弹性改性沥青层2和下弹性改性沥青层5可以作为基层，从而保证卷材基本的使用，防止漏水；
保护层3包括聚乙烯301、凹槽302、砂石303、橡皮层304、泥浆层305、下圆台306、聚苯乙烯泡沫层307、热熔胶308；
聚乙烯301表面开设有凹槽302，凹槽302内部填充有砂石303，凹槽302外侧的聚乙烯301表面贴合有橡皮层304，橡皮层304顶端填充有泥浆层305；
聚乙烯301底端设置有下圆台306，聚乙烯301底端粘接有聚苯乙烯泡沫层307，聚苯乙烯泡沫层307底端设置有热熔胶308
聚乙烯301具有保温的作用，而砂石303和泥浆层305可以保证卷材的承重能力，并且橡皮层304可以便于卷材受到外界突然而来的压力，防止变形，增加其韧性，便于可以更久的使用，增加了卷材的使用寿命，而聚苯乙烯泡沫层307可以便于隔温，防止了温度的传递，下圆台306可以更好的保证上小下大的造型，便于了压力的平衡。
织网层4包括经线401、纬线402、纵线403和粘接剂404；
经线401和纬线402相互上下交叉纺织，纵线403斜编织入经线401和纬线402之间，经线401、纬线402和纵线403空隙处填充有粘接剂404，经线401和纬线402均为化纤线，纵线403为棉线和钢丝，且安装比例为3:1，可以使得卷材可以更加的坚韧，防止了损坏，而织网层4与保护层3通过热熔胶308相连，下弹性改性沥青层5和织网层4通过粘接剂404相连，其中粘接剂404为改良沥青。
而上弹性改性沥青层2厚度为2.0mm，下弹性改性沥青层5厚度为1.0mm。
实施例3：如图1-4所示，本发明提供技术方案，一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，包括上弹性改性沥青层2，上弹性改性沥青层2上表面贴合有隔离纸1，从而可以便于保护卷材在搬运中不会受到表面损坏，上弹性改性沥青层2下表面贴合有保护层3，保护层3底端粘接有织网层4，织网层4底端粘接有下弹性改性沥青层5，下弹性改性沥青层5底端粘接有自沾层6，上弹性改性沥青层2和下弹性改性沥青层5可以作为基层，从而保证卷材基本的使用，防止漏水；
保护层3包括聚乙烯301、凹槽302、砂石303、橡皮层304、泥浆层305、下圆台306、聚苯乙烯泡沫层307、热熔胶308；
聚乙烯301表面开设有凹槽302，凹槽302内部填充有砂石303，凹槽302外侧的聚乙烯301表面贴合有橡皮层304，橡皮层304顶端填充有泥浆层305；
聚乙烯301底端设置有下圆台306，聚乙烯301底端粘接有聚苯乙烯泡沫层307，聚苯乙烯泡沫层307底端设置有热熔胶308
聚乙烯301具有保温的作用，而砂石303和泥浆层305可以保证卷材的承重能力，并且橡皮层304可以便于卷材受到外界突然而来的压力，防止变形，增加其韧性，便于可以更久的使用，增加了卷材的使用寿命，而聚苯乙烯泡沫层307可以便于隔温，防止了温度的传递，下圆台306可以更好的保证上小下大的造型，便于了压力的平衡。
织网层4包括经线401、纬线402、纵线403和粘接剂404；
经线401和纬线402相互上下交叉纺织，纵线403斜编织入经线401和纬线402之间，经线401、纬线402和纵线403空隙处填充有粘接剂404，经线401和纬线402均为化纤线，纵线403为棉线和钢丝，且安装比例为2:1，可以使得卷材可以更加的坚韧，防止了损坏，而织网层4与保护层3通过热熔胶308相连，下弹性改性沥青层5和织网层4通过粘接剂404相连，其中粘接剂404为改良沥青。
而上弹性改性沥青层2厚度为1.5mm，下弹性改性沥青层5厚度为1.5mm。
实施例4：如图5所示，本发明提供技术方案，一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，具体包括如下步骤：
S1、将沥青材料与改性剂、软化剂和滑石粉加入到燃气导热油炉中，进行搅拌加热，同时进行温度监测；
S2、到达指定温度后，搅拌的同时进行研磨；
S3、研磨后加入胎基，接着浸油、涂油、冷却的操作，制成上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层；
S4、将上弹性改性沥青层、保护层、织网层、下弹性改性沥青层和自沾层依次粘接在一起；
S5、将隔离纸贴合在上弹性改性沥青层表面，接着卷取；
S6、进行成品检测，合格后包装入库。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S2中温度在160度加入软化剂；
温度在180度加入改性剂，研磨3次；
温度在205度加入滑石粉，搅拌35分钟；
所述软化剂为机油，所述改性剂为SBS。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S3中温度为175度，所述涂油温度为170度。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S6中检测标准为外观质量和物理质量；
所述外观质量检验标准为GB18242-2008；
所述物理质量检验标准为GB18242-2008。
实施例5：如图5所示，本发明提供技术方案，一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，具体包括如下步骤：
S1、将沥青材料与改性剂、软化剂和滑石粉加入到燃气导热油炉中，进行搅拌加热，同时进行温度监测；
S2、到达指定温度后，搅拌的同时进行研磨；
S3、研磨后加入胎基，接着浸油、涂油、冷却的操作，制成上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层；
S4、将上弹性改性沥青层、保护层、织网层、下弹性改性沥青层和自沾层依次粘接在一起；
S5、将隔离纸贴合在上弹性改性沥青层表面，接着卷取；
S6、进行成品检测，合格后包装入库。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S2中温度在150度加入软化剂；
温度在170度加入改性剂，研磨3次；
温度在200度加入滑石粉，搅拌40分钟；
所述软化剂为机油，所述改性剂为SBS。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S3中温度为180度，所述涂油温度为175度。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S6中检测标准为外观质量和物理质量；
所述外观质量检验标准为GB18242-2008；
所述物理质量检验标准为GB18242-2008。
实施例6：如图5所示，本发明提供技术方案，一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，具体包括如下步骤：
S1、将沥青材料与改性剂、软化剂和滑石粉加入到燃气导热油炉中，进行搅拌加热，同时进行温度监测；
S2、到达指定温度后，搅拌的同时进行研磨；
S3、研磨后加入胎基，接着浸油、涂油、冷却的操作，制成上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层；
S4、将上弹性改性沥青层、保护层、织网层、下弹性改性沥青层和自沾层依次粘接在一起；
S5、将隔离纸贴合在上弹性改性沥青层表面，接着卷取；
S6、进行成品检测，合格后包装入库。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S2中温度在150度加入软化剂；
温度在190度加入改性剂，研磨2次；
温度在200度加入滑石粉，搅拌30分钟；
所述软化剂为机油，所述改性剂为SBS。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S3中温度为170度，所述涂油温度为165度。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤S6中检测标准为外观质量和物理质量；
所述外观质量检验标准为GB18242-2008；
所述物理质量检验标准为GB18242-2008。
通过实施例4-6的对比，制成如下表格：
对比项目 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6
拉伸强度(Mpa) 29 28 29
撕裂强度(KN/m) 145 145 120
拉断伸长率(％) 800 800 800
通过对比，实施例4中的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和拉断伸长率均为最佳，适合推广适合，而实施例5和实施例6中拉伸强度受到搅拌时间和温度的影响，不建议推广使用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：本发明结构科学合理，使用安全方便：
1、上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层可以作为基层，从而保证卷材基本的使用，防止漏水，乙烯具有保温的作用，而砂石和泥浆层可以保证卷材的承重能力，并且橡皮层可以便于卷材受到外界突然而来的压力，防止变形，增加其韧性，便于可以更久的使用，增加了卷材的使用寿命。
2、聚苯乙烯泡沫层可以便于隔温，防止了温度的传递，下圆台可以更好的保证上小下大的造型，便于了压力的平衡，织网层可以使得卷材可以更加的坚韧，防止了损坏。
3、织网层为化纤线、棉线和钢丝，从而提高了自身的韧性，在钢丝的作用，防止了变形与拉断，增加了撕裂强度和拉伸强度，提高了后期的使用寿命。
4、通过研磨后加入胎基，接着浸油、涂油、冷却的操作，制成上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层，接着将上弹性改性沥青层、保护层、织网层、下弹性改性沥青层和自沾层依次粘接在一起，形成一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，工作流程简单明了，适合推广使用。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，包括上弹性改性沥青层(2)，其特征在于：所述上弹性改性沥青层(2)下表面贴合有保护层(3)，所述保护层(3)底端粘接有织网层(4)，所述织网层(4)底端粘接有下弹性改性沥青层(5)，所述下弹性改性沥青层(5)底端粘接有自沾层(6)；
所述保护层(3)包括聚乙烯(301)、凹槽(302)、砂石(303)、橡皮层(304)、泥浆层(305)、下圆台(306)、聚苯乙烯泡沫层(307)、热熔胶(308)；
所述聚乙烯(301)表面开设有凹槽(302)，所述凹槽(302)内部填充有砂石(303)，所述凹槽(302)外侧的聚乙烯(301)表面贴合有橡皮层(304)，所述橡皮层(304)顶端填充有泥浆层(305)；
所述聚乙烯(301)底端设置有下圆台(306)，所述聚乙烯(301)底端粘接有聚苯乙烯泡沫层(307)，所述聚苯乙烯泡沫层(307)底端设置有热熔胶(308)；
所述织网层(4)包括经线(401)、纬线(402)、纵线(403)和粘接剂(404)；
所述经线(401)和纬线(402)相互上下交叉纺织，所述纵线(403)斜编织入经线(401)和纬线(402)之间，所述经线(401)、纬线(402)和纵线(403)空隙处填充有粘接剂(404)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于，所述上弹性改性沥青层(2)上表面贴合有隔离纸(1)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于，所述织网层(4)与保护层(3)通过热熔胶(308)相连，所述下弹性改性沥青层(5)和织网层(4)通过粘接剂(404)相连，所述粘接剂(404)为改良沥青。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于，所述经线(401)和纬线(402)均为化纤线，所述纵线(403)为棉线和钢丝，且安装比例为2:1-3:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于，所述上弹性改性沥青层(2)厚度为1.5-2.0mm，所述下弹性改性沥青层(5)厚度为1.0-1.5mm。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，其特征在于，具体包括如下步骤：
S1、将沥青材料与改性剂、软化剂和滑石粉加入到燃气导热油炉中，进行搅拌加热，同时进行温度监测；
S2、到达指定温度后，搅拌的同时进行研磨；
S3、研磨后加入胎基，接着浸油、涂油、冷却的操作，制成上弹性改性沥青层和下弹性改性沥青层；
S4、将上弹性改性沥青层、保护层、织网层、下弹性改性沥青层和自沾层依次粘接在一起；
S5、将隔离纸贴合在上弹性改性沥青层表面，接着卷取；
S6、进行成品检测，合格后包装入库。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中温度在150-170度加入软化剂；
温度在170-190度加入改性剂，研磨2-3次；
温度在200-210度加入滑石粉，搅拌20-40分钟；
所述软化剂为机油，所述改性剂为SBS。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中温度为170-180度，所述涂油温度为165-175度。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种弹性体改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S6中检测标准为外观质量和物理质量；
所述外观质量检验标准为GB18242-2008；
所述物理质量检验标准为GB18242-2008。
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