CN110526405A - Combined artificial wetland removes the method and system of rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot - Google Patents
Combined artificial wetland removes the method and system of rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot Download PDFInfo
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- CN110526405A CN110526405A CN201910815442.4A CN201910815442A CN110526405A CN 110526405 A CN110526405 A CN 110526405A CN 201910815442 A CN201910815442 A CN 201910815442A CN 110526405 A CN110526405 A CN 110526405A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
Abstract
The invention belongs to rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution processing technology fields, disclose the method and system that a kind of combined artificial wetland removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, collect rare-earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate, use porous water treatment ceramsite as artificial swamp matrix, it selects perennial emergent aquactic plant as wetland cultivated plant, constructs single artificial wet land system；Multistage artificial wet land system is constructed by step.The present invention sufficiently combines mining area massif geographical and topographical features; using the ammonia nitrogen removal technology on the spot of combined artificial wetland; by using porous ceramic grain as matrix; and biomembrane attachment processing is carried out to haydite matrix; absorption, filtering and the precipitation of comprehensive matrix; the sorption enhanced of plant acts on; the oxygenolysis of enhancement microbiological; it is small to have many advantages, such as that decontamination is high-efficient, operating cost is low, the fluctuation of resistance to ammonia nitrogen loading is big and processing capacity is degenerated for the on-site deep purification for realizing rare-earth mining area ammonia nitrogen leaching waste water.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution processing technology fields more particularly to a kind of combined artificial wetland to go on the spot
Except the method and system of rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution.
Background technique
Ammonium sulfate original position extract technology is mainly used to leach for rare earth in ion type rareearth mineral deposit at present.Due to sulphur
Mine of the ammonium ion to the displacement sorption of rare earth ion and the seepage flow and leakage of ammonium sulfate ore leachate, after exploitation in acid ammonium solution
A large amount of ammonia nitrogens are remained in area's soil, and are constantly accumulated.Under the action of rainwater especially acid rain, the ammonia nitrogen in mine soil is desorbed
It dissolves out and is migrated with rainwater leaching, cause more serious ammonia nitrogen to spread contact scar to periphery earth's surface, lithic drainage etc..
The exploitation of ion type rareearth mineral deposit many years makes to remain a large amount of ammonia nitrogens in mining soil, under the action ofs rainwater etc., shape
At leachate serious ammonia and nitrogen pollution is caused to periphery, earth's surface, lithic drainage etc..And China's ion type rareearth raw ore is annual
It is still being exploited with tens million of tons of scale, the water-based ammonia and nitrogen pollution in mining area and periphery will constantly aggravate, and then water eutrophication
The problems such as change, will be continuous worsening；It is carcinogenic through nitration reaction to be changed into nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen etc. for part ammonia nitrogen in another aqueous solution
Substance can also seriously threaten human health.Therefore, it needs to carry out at purification ion type rareearth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate
Reason.
The concentration of ammonia nitrogen pollutant in the soil leaching liquid of ion type rareearth mining area, can be with leachate Production conditions such as amount of rainfall
Size, mine point geology constitute etc. difference and it is different, wherein ammonia nitrogen concentration (in terms of N) generally tens arrive several hundred mg/L between.
Ion type rareearth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate is really the one kind for belonging to ammonia nitrogen waste water, is directed to the processing side of ammonia nitrogen waste water at present
Method mainly has blow-off method, absorption method, chemical precipitation method, electrochemical process, ion-exchange, membrane separation process, bioanalysis etc..Wherein,
Blow-off method makes NH4 +Be transformed into free ammonia, recycle air scavenging ammonia, this method technology maturation, efficiency is higher, but there are cost compared with
Height, easy fouling are affected by temperature greatly, and ammonia is excessive to easily cause secondary pollution problems, and it is useless to be adapted only to processing ammonia nitrogen in high density
Water.For being generally 4~6 particularly with ion type rareearth mining area soil leaching liquid pH value, this method, which adjusts pH value to alkalinity, to disappear
A large amount of alkali is consumed, economic cost is high.Ion-exchange needs to be further processed the highly concentrated of separated generation there are operating cost height
The problems such as spending ammonia nitrogen waste water.Chemical precipitation method has a process stabilizing except ammonia nitrogen, easy to operate, the high advantage of removal efficiency, but same
When exist again and generate that the quantity of slag is big, the problems such as removal rate is limited, for low concentration ammonia nitrogen leachate in the soil of rare-earth mining area, removal
Efficiency is unsatisfactory.The disadvantages of there are power consumption for electrochemistry rule greatly, the processing time is long.Membrane separation process equally exist it is at high cost,
The disadvantages of processing time is long.Adsorbing rule has easy to operate, energy-efficient, the advantages such as recovery ammonia utilization rate height, but adsorbent
It is major limiting factors that the method is difficult to promote and apply that cost is excessively high.
The exploitation of ion type rareearth mineral deposit many years makes to remain a large amount of ammonia nitrogens in mining soil, under the action ofs rainwater etc., shape
At leachate serious ammonia and nitrogen pollution is caused to periphery, earth's surface, lithic drainage etc..And ion type rareearth raw ore every year still with
Tens million of tons of scale is being exploited, and the water-based ammonia and nitrogen pollution in mining area and periphery will constantly aggravate, and then water eutrophication etc.
Problem will be continuous worsening；Part ammonia nitrogen is changed into the carcinogenic substances such as nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen through nitration reaction in another aqueous solution
Matter can also seriously threaten human health.Therefore, it needs to carry out purified treatment to ion type rareearth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
In the prior art, blow-off method is there are higher cost, easy fouling, be affected by temperature it is big, ammonia is excessive easily cause it is secondary
The problems such as pollution, and be adapted only to handle high-concentration ammonia nitrogenous wastewater.
Ion-exchange there are operating cost height, ask by the high-concentration ammonia nitrogenous wastewater etc. for needing to be further processed separated generation
Topic.
Chemical precipitation method, which exists, generates the problems such as quantity of slag is big, removal rate is limited, for low concentration in the soil of rare-earth mining area
Ammonia nitrogen leachate, removal efficiency are unsatisfactory.
The disadvantages of there are power consumption for electrochemical process, membrane separation process greatly, the processing time is long.
The adsorbent cost of absorption method is excessively high, it is difficult to promote and apply.
Solve the meaning of above-mentioned technical problem:
Present invention combination mining area geography and topographical features, it is dirty that rare-earth mining area ammonia nitrogen is removed using combined artificial wetland on the spot
Dye, with treatment effeciency is high, operating cost is low, resistance to ammonia nitrogen loading impact capacity is strong, processing capacity degeneration is small and has beautification scape
The advantages that sight.
Summary of the invention
Problem of the existing technology is handled for the pollution of rare-earth mining area ammonia nitrogen leachate, the present invention provides a kind of compound
Artificial swamp minimizing technology and system.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of method that combined artificial wetland removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, institute
State combined artificial wetland remove on the spot rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution method the following steps are included:
The first step excavates hydrops ditch in ore body bottom periphery and rare-earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate is collected in hydrops pond.
Second step uses porous water treatment ceramsite as artificial swamp matrix.
Third step selects perennial emergent aquactic plant as wetland cultivated plant.
4th step constructs single artificial wet land system.
5th step constructs multistage artificial wet land system by step according to topography around ore body.
6th step, before coming into operation, the multistage artificial wet land system of building passes through 25~50 days start-ups.
7th step, control mean hydraulic residence time is 5~15 hours, by collected rare-earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leaching
Liquid is put into first order artificial wet land system from hydrops pond, then flows downwardly into subsequent Manual moist step by step in a manner of overflow
Ground system is discharged through afterbody artificial wet land system.
Further, in third step, plant spacing is 4~8 plants/m2。
Further, in the 4th step, constructing single artificial wet land system length-width ratio is 10:1,300~600mm of the depth of water.
Further, in the 5th step, the drop of two neighboring artificial wet land system is 300~800mm.
Further, in the 6th step, biofilm technique are as follows: the rare-earth mining area biofilm 50~75mg/L of solution soil ammonia nitrogen leachate,
Hydraulic detention time 10~20 hours.Biofilm mode is inoculation membrane formation, and connect strain is that engineering nitrifier (is purchased from Bi Wofeng biology
Science and Technology Ltd.).
Further, it after the operation of the 7th step, also needs to carry out:
Multistage artificial wet land system uses sequencing batch operation mode, stops discharging water at interval of 6~24 hours primary.
Further, after the operation of the 7th step, also need to carry out: the multistage constituted through more than 6 single artificial wet land systems is artificial
Wet land system reprocesses ammonia-nitrogen content in the rare-earth mining area soil of 150mg/L or less (if ammonia nitrogen concentration, which exceeds, to be diluted with water)
Ammonia nitrogen leachate.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of operation combined artificial wetlands to remove rare-earth mining area ammonia nitrogen on the spot
The system that the combined artificial wetland of the method for pollution removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, the combined artificial wetland are gone on the spot
Except the system of rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution includes: multiple single artificial wet land systems；Multiple single artificial wet land systems press step
Formula distribution constitutes multistage artificial swamp.
Further, the lower layer of single artificial wet land system is equipped with porous ceramic grain packing layer, plants on porous ceramic grain packing layer
It is implanted with emergent aquactic plant.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows:
The present invention sufficiently combines topography around mining area massif geographical feature and ore body, using combined artificial wetland ammonia nitrogen just
Ground removal technology by using porous ceramic grain as matrix, and carries out biomembrane attachment processing to haydite matrix, comprehensive matrix
Absorption, filtering and precipitation, the sorption enhanced effect of plant, the oxygenolysis of enhancement microbiological realize rare-earth mining area
The deep purifying of ammonia nitrogen leaching waste water has treatment effeciency is high, operating cost is low, hydraulic loading is big, adapts to ammonia nitrogen loading to fluctuate
Greatly, the advantages that processing capacity degeneration is small and beautifies landscape.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method flow that combined artificial wetland provided in an embodiment of the present invention removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot
Figure.
Fig. 2 is single artificial in combined artificial wetland removal rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Wetland structural map.
Fig. 3 is multistage artificial in combined artificial wetland removal rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Wetland variation schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Ion type rareearth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate is really the one kind for belonging to ammonia nitrogen waste water, for the place of ammonia nitrogen waste water
Problem of the existing technology is managed, the present invention provides the sides that a kind of combined artificial wetland removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot
Method is with reference to the accompanying drawing explained in detail the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, combined artificial wetland provided in an embodiment of the present invention removes the side of rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot
Method the following steps are included:
S101 excavates hydrops ditch in ore body bottom periphery and rare-earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate is collected in hydrops pond.
S102 uses the porous water treatment ceramsite of self-control as artificial swamp matrix.
S103 selects the perennial emergent aquactic plant of vitality and dirt-removing power by force --- and vetiver is cultivated as wetland to be planted
Object, plant spacing are 4~8 plants/m2。
S104, single artificial swamp construction is as shown in Fig. 2, wherein wetland length-width ratio is 10:1,300~600mm of the depth of water.
S105 is designed step multistage artificial wet land system (referring to Fig. 3), two neighboring people according to topography around ore body
The drop of work wetland is between 300~800mm, so that generating drop reoxygenation effect between wetland step by step.
S106, before coming into operation, constructed artificial wet land system need to pass through 25~50 days start-ups, biofilm technique are as follows:
The rare-earth mining area biofilm 50~75mg/L of solution soil ammonia nitrogen leachate, hydraulic detention time 10~20 hours.Biofilm mode is to connect
Kind biofilm, connect strain are engineering nitrifier.
S107, control mean hydraulic residence time is 5~15 hours, by collected rare-earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate
It is put into first order artificial swamp from hydrops pond, then flows downwardly into subsequent artificial swamp step by step in a manner of overflow, is passed through
The discharge of afterbody artificial swamp.
S108, artificial wet land system use sequencing batch operation mode, stop discharging water at interval of 6~24 hours primary.
S109 can directly handle ammonia-nitrogen content in 150mg/L rare-earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate below (if ammonia nitrogen
Concentration, which exceeds, to be diluted with water), it is handled through 6 grades or more of artificial wet land systems, ammonia nitrogen removal frank is handled useless up to 90% or more
Water ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than 20mg/L lower than 15mg/L, total nitrogen content, and full nitrogen removing is more than 85%.Finally achievable rare-earth mining area soil
Earth ammonia nitrogen leachate waste water handles qualified discharge by technical solution.
Combined artificial wetland provided in an embodiment of the present invention removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution system, comprising: multiple single
Artificial wet land system；Multiple single artificial wet land systems constitute multistage artificial swamp by step distribution, and system is used for Rare Earth Mine
The processing of area's ammonia and nitrogen pollution.
The lower layer of multiple single artificial wet land systems is equipped with porous ceramic grain packing layer, plants and is implanted on porous ceramic grain packing layer
Emergent aquactic plant.
Wherein, Fig. 2 is single in combined artificial wetland removal rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
A artificial swamp structural map.
Fig. 3 is multistage artificial in combined artificial wetland removal rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Wetland variation schematic diagram.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method that combined artificial wetland removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, which is characterized in that the combined artificial
Wetland remove the method for rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot the following steps are included:
The first step excavates hydrops ditch in ore body bottom periphery and rare-earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate is collected in hydrops pond；
Second step uses porous water treatment ceramsite as artificial swamp matrix；
Third step selects perennial emergent aquactic plant as wetland cultivated plant；
4th step constructs single artificial wet land system；
5th step constructs multistage artificial wet land system by step according to topography around ore body；
6th step, before coming into operation, the multistage artificial wet land system of building passes through 25~50 days start-ups；
7th step, control mean hydraulic residence time be 5~15 hours, by collected rare-earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate from
First order artificial wet land system is put into hydrops pond, then flows downwardly into subsequent artificial swamp system step by step in a manner of overflow
System, is discharged through afterbody artificial wet land system.
2. the method that combined artificial wetland as described in claim 1 removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, which is characterized in that
In third step, plant spacing is 4~8 plants/m2。
3. the method that combined artificial wetland as described in claim 1 removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, which is characterized in that
In 4th step, constructing single artificial wet land system length-width ratio is 10:1,300~600mm of the depth of water.
4. the method that combined artificial wetland as described in claim 1 removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, which is characterized in that
In 5th step, the drop of two neighboring artificial wet land system is 300~800mm.
5. the method that combined artificial wetland as described in claim 1 removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, which is characterized in that
In 6th step, biofilm technique are as follows: the rare-earth mining area biofilm 50~75mg/L of solution soil ammonia nitrogen leachate, hydraulic detention time 10~
20 hours；Biofilm mode is inoculation membrane formation, and connect strain is engineering nitrifier.
6. the method that combined artificial wetland as described in claim 1 removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, which is characterized in that
After the operation of 7th step, also need to carry out:
Multistage artificial wet land system uses sequencing batch operation mode, stops discharging water at interval of 6~24 hours primary.
7. the method that combined artificial wetland as described in claim 1 removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, which is characterized in that
After the operation of 7th step, also need to carry out: the multistage artificial wet land system through constituting more than 6 single artificial wet land systems contains ammonia nitrogen
Rare-earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate of the amount less than 150mg/L is handled.
8. the compound people that combined artificial wetland described in a kind of operation claim 1 removes the method for rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot
The system that work wetland removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, which is characterized in that the combined artificial wetland removes rare earth on the spot
The system of mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution includes: multiple single artificial wet land systems；Multiple single artificial wet land systems are distributed by step
Constitute multistage artificial swamp.
9. the system that combined artificial wetland as claimed in claim 8 removes rare-earth mining area ammonia and nitrogen pollution on the spot, which is characterized in that
The lower layer of single artificial wet land system is equipped with porous ceramic grain packing layer, and kind is implanted with emergent aquactic plant on porous ceramic grain packing layer.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111018125A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 内蒙古蒙草矿山科技有限责任公司 | Drainage water purification system for mining area and construction method thereof |
| CN111747511A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-09 | 江西理工大学 | Method and system for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in rare earth mining area |
| CN113292160A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 江西省华赣环境技术研发有限公司 | Ecological restoration device and method for treating rare earth tail water according to local conditions |
| CN113943057A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-01-18 | 江西离子型稀土工程技术研究有限公司 | Subsurface flow constructed wetland system and treatment method of ionic type rare earth mining area ammonia nitrogen sewage |
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| CN111018125A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 内蒙古蒙草矿山科技有限责任公司 | Drainage water purification system for mining area and construction method thereof |
| CN111747511A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-09 | 江西理工大学 | Method and system for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in rare earth mining area |
| CN113292160A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 江西省华赣环境技术研发有限公司 | Ecological restoration device and method for treating rare earth tail water according to local conditions |
| CN113943057A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-01-18 | 江西离子型稀土工程技术研究有限公司 | Subsurface flow constructed wetland system and treatment method of ionic type rare earth mining area ammonia nitrogen sewage |
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Application publication date: 20191203 |
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