CN111747511A - Method and system for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in rare earth mining area - Google Patents
Method and system for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in rare earth mining area Download PDFInfo
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- CN111747511A CN111747511A CN202010652254.7A CN202010652254A CN111747511A CN 111747511 A CN111747511 A CN 111747511A CN 202010652254 A CN202010652254 A CN 202010652254A CN 111747511 A CN111747511 A CN 111747511A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth mining area soil leaching wastewater pollution treatment, and discloses a method and a system for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in a rare earth mining area, wherein rare earth mining area soil leaching liquid is collected, porous water treatment ceramsite is used as a filter material, and a single aeration biological filter is constructed; and constructing a two-stage biological aerated filter wastewater treatment system according to the height configuration. The invention uses the porous ceramsite as the filter material, carries out the biomembrane adhesion treatment on the ceramsite filter material, integrates the adsorption, filtration and precipitation effects of the filter material and the biomembrane, strengthens the biochemical effects of the microorganisms such as oxidative decomposition and the like, realizes the in-situ deep purification of the leaching wastewater of the soil in the rare earth mining area, and has the advantages of high decontamination efficiency, low operation cost, capability of synchronously removing heavy metal ions such as ammonia nitrogen, rare earth and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth mining area soil leachate pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a method and a system for synchronously removing ionic type rare earth mining area ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution, in particular to a method and a system for synchronously removing ionic type rare earth mining area ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution by a two-stage biological aerated filter.
Background
At present, rare earth in an ionic rare earth deposit is mainly leached by adopting an ammonium sulfate solution in-situ leaching process, is influenced by a mining process and contains a large amount of ammonia Nitrogen (NH)4 +-N), rare earth ions (RE)3+) The discharge of the waste water into mining areas and surrounding water systems causes a series of serious environmental problems, so that effective treatment of the waste water is urgently needed.
The concentration of ammonia nitrogen pollutant in the ionic rare earth mine soil leachate can be different according to different leaching solution generation conditions such as the amount of rainwater, geological composition of a mine site and the like, wherein the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (calculated by N) is generally between dozens of and hundreds of mg/L. The ionic rare earth mining area soil ammonia nitrogen leachate belongs to ammonia nitrogen wastewater, and the existing treatment method for the ammonia nitrogen wastewater mainly comprises a stripping method, an adsorption method, a chemical precipitation method, an electrochemical method, an ion exchange method, a membrane separation method, a biological method and the like. Wherein the stripping process is carried out to remove NH4 +The ammonia is converted into free ammonia, and the ammonia is blown away by air, so that the method has the advantages of mature technology and higher efficiency, but has the problems of higher cost, easy scaling, large influence of temperature, secondary pollution caused by ammonia overflow and the like, and is only suitable for treating high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater. Especially, for the ionic rare earth mining area soil leachate with the pH value of 4-6, the method needs to consume a large amount of alkali when the pH value is adjusted to be alkaline, and the economic cost is high. The ion exchange method has the problems of high operation cost, need of further treatment of the separated high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater and the like. The chemical precipitation method for removing ammonia nitrogen has the advantages of stable process, simple operation and high removal efficiency, but has the problems of large amount of generated slag, limited removal rate and the like, and the removal efficiency is not ideal for the ammonia nitrogen leachate with lower concentration in the soil of the rare earth mining area. The electrochemical method has the disadvantages of large power consumption, long processing time and the like. The same applies to membrane separationHigh cost and long processing time. The adsorption method has the advantages of simple operation, energy conservation, high efficiency, high ammonia recovery rate and the like, but the over-high cost of the adsorbent is a main limiting factor which is difficult to popularize and apply.
At present, the treatment methods for the wastewater containing rare earth ions mainly comprise a precipitation method, an adsorption method, an ion exchange method, an extraction method and the like. Wherein, the chemical precipitation method mainly uses oxalic acid precipitation, and utilizes the indissolvable precipitation formed by oxalate and rare earth ions to react on RE3+Separation is carried out, but in the oxalic acid precipitation process, part of oxalic acid remains in water, secondary pollution is caused, and the price of the oxalic acid is high; the ion exchange method belongs to a special adsorption method for enriching and recovering RE3+In the process, the resin is easy to be polluted, damaged and the like, so that the service cycle of the resin is short, the water quantity required by the ion exchange method is particularly large, and RE on the resin is3+Difficulty in desorption; the extraction method has high treatment effect, can realize automatic continuity and has large enrichment times, but the extraction method has high cost, and the extractant is easy to dissolve and causes secondary pollution. The adsorption method is mainly to adsorb target ions on the surfaces of particles through an adsorbent porous structure so as to achieve a separation effect, but generally, the adsorbent is high in cost, and the efficient desorption of rare earth ions is difficult.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: in the existing ammonia nitrogen removal technology, a stripping method has the problems of high cost, easy scaling, large influence of temperature, easy secondary pollution caused by ammonia overflow and the like, and is only suitable for treating high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater; the ion exchange method has the problems of high operation cost, need of further treatment of the separated high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater and the like; the chemical precipitation method has the problems of large slag generation amount, limited removal rate and the like, and the removal efficiency is not ideal for the ammonia nitrogen leachate with lower concentration in the soil of the rare earth mining area; the electrochemical method and the membrane separation method have the defects of large power consumption, long processing time and the like; the cost of the adsorbent in the adsorption method is too high, and the adsorption method is difficult to popularize and apply.
In the existing rare earth ion removal technology, a chemical precipitation method mainly adopts oxalic acid precipitation, but in the oxalic acid precipitation process, part of oxalic acid residues are generatedRemain in water, causing secondary pollution and the oxalic acid is expensive; ion exchange method in the enrichment recovery of RE3+In the process, the resin is easy to be polluted, damaged and the like, so that the service cycle of the resin is short, the water quantity required by the ion exchange method is particularly large, and RE on the resin is3+Difficulty in desorption; the extraction method has high cost, and the extractant is easy to dissolve and cause secondary pollution; the adsorption method has high cost and has certain difficulty in efficiently desorbing the rare earth ions.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the method for treating the rare earth mine soil infiltration wastewater has the advantages of low cost, low operating cost and no secondary pollution, and can synchronously remove ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions.
The significance of solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention constructs a wastewater treatment system nearby a mining area, synchronously removes ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution of rare earth mining area soil leachate by adopting the two-stage aeration biological filter, and has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, low investment, low operation cost, small treatment capacity degradation, small facility floor area and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art of treating the pollution of leachate containing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions in a rare earth mining area, the invention provides a method and a system for synchronously removing the ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in the rare earth mining area.
The invention is realized in such a way that the method for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in the rare earth mining area comprises the following steps:
firstly, excavating effusion ditches and effusion pools at the periphery of the bottom of an ore body to collect leaching liquid containing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions in the soil of a rare earth mining area;
secondly, using porous water treatment ceramsite as a filter material of the biological aerated filter;
thirdly, laying an aeration pipe network at the bottom of the filter to construct a single biological aerated filter system;
fourthly, constructing a two-stage biological aerated filter system according to the topography around the ore body and a certain fall;
fifthly, before the biological filter is put into use, the constructed two-stage biological aerated filter system is started after 30 to 60 days of biofilm formation;
sixthly, putting the collected leaching solution containing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions in the rare earth mining area soil into a first-stage aeration biological filter from the liquid accumulation tank, after 5-20 hours of aeration treatment, opening a bottom drainage pipe valve, discharging the leaching solution after the first-stage treatment from the bottom, and flowing the leaching solution into a next-stage aeration biological filter, wherein the rare earth ions are mainly removed in the first-stage treatment, the rare earth ion removal rate exceeds 90%, part of ammonia nitrogen is removed, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 10-45%; and (3) continuously aerating the leachate in a second-stage aeration biological filter for 5-20 hours, detecting that effluent reaches the standard and then discharging, wherein the ammonia nitrogen is mainly removed in the second-stage treatment, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate exceeds 80%.
Further, in the third step, the length-width-depth ratio of a single biological aerated filter is constructed to be 6:4: 2.
Further, in the fifth step, the film forming process comprises: the film-forming solution contains rare earth mine soil leachate of 50-75mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 4-8mg/L rare earth ions, and the hydraulic retention time is 8-24 hours; the film hanging mode is natural film hanging.
Further, after the sixth step is executed, the following steps are also required: the two-stage biological aerated filter system adopts a sequencing batch operation mode and drains water once every 5 to 20 hours; the aeration intensity is 5-10L/min.
Further, after the sixth step is executed, the following steps are also required: and treating the rare earth mine soil leachate with ammonia nitrogen content of less than 150mg/L and rare earth ion content of less than 25mg/L by a two-stage aeration biological filter system.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a system for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in a rare earth mining area, comprising: two single biological aerated filter systems; the two single biological aerated filter systems are distributed in a step mode to form a two-stage biological aerated filter.
Furthermore, a porous ceramsite packing layer is laid on the lower layer of the single biological aerated filter system, and an aeration pipe network is laid below the porous ceramsite packing layer.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are: the method fully combines the geographical characteristics of mountain bodies in a mining area and the topography around the mining body, adopts the synchronous removal technology of wastewater ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions of the two-stage aeration biological filter, uses porous ceramsite as a filter material, and carries out biomembrane adhesion treatment on the ceramsite filter material, and the first-stage aeration biological filter of the rare earth mining area soil leachate ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution treatment system of the two-stage aeration biological filter constructed by the method mainly realizes the removal of about 90 percent of rare earth ions in the rare earth mining area soil leachate through substrate adsorption, biomembrane adsorption, microbial biochemical action and the like, and synchronously carries out primary removal on 10-45 percent of ammonia nitrogen pollutants in the rare earth mining area soil leachate; the second-stage aeration biological filter mainly removes the residual ammonia nitrogen through the biochemical reaction effects of denitrification, nitrification, denitrification and the like. In general, the method has the outstanding advantages of synchronously removing heavy metal ion pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, rare earth and the like in the rare earth mine soil leachate, and has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, low investment, low operation cost, large hydraulic load, large ammonia nitrogen load fluctuation adaptation, small treatment capacity degradation, small facility floor area and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in a rare earth mining area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a method and a system for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in a rare earth mining area, which belong to one of ammonia nitrogen and heavy metal wastewater, aiming at the problems in the prior art of ammonia nitrogen and heavy metal wastewater treatment, and are described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in a rare earth mining area provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, excavating liquid accumulation ditches and liquid accumulation pools at the periphery of the bottom of the ore body to collect leaching liquid containing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions in the soil of the rare earth mining area.
S102, using the self-made porous water treatment ceramsite as a filter material of the biological aerated filter.
S103, laying an aeration pipe network at the bottom of the filter to construct a single biological aerated filter system.
And S104, constructing a two-stage biological aerated filter system according to the topography around the ore body and a certain fall.
And S105, before the system is put into use, the constructed two-stage biological aerated filter system is started after 30 to 60 days of biofilm formation. Preferably 50 days.
S106, putting the collected leaching solution containing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions in the rare earth mining area soil into a first-stage biological aerated filter from a liquid accumulation pool, after 5-20 hours (preferably 12 hours) of aeration treatment, opening a bottom drainage pipeline valve, discharging the leaching solution after the first-stage treatment from the bottom, and flowing the leaching solution into a next-stage biological aerated filter; and discharging the leachate after the second-stage biological aerated filter continues to carry out aeration treatment for 5 to 20 hours (preferably 12 hours).
S107 and S103, constructing the single biological aerated filter with the length-width-depth ratio of 6:4: 2.
S108, in S105, the film forming process comprises the following steps: the film-forming solution contains rare earth mine soil leachate of 50-75mg/L (preferably 50mg/L) ammonia nitrogen and 4-8mg/L (preferably 6mg/L) rare earth ions, and the hydraulic retention time is 8-24 hours (preferably 24 hours); the film hanging mode is natural film hanging.
After S109 and S106 are executed, the following steps are also performed: the two-stage biological aerated filter system adopts a sequencing batch operation mode, and water is stopped once every 5 to 20 hours (preferably 12 hours); the aeration intensity is 5-10L/min (preferably 8L/min).
S110, rare earth mine soil leachate with ammonia nitrogen content less than 150mg/L and rare earth ion content less than 25mg/L can be directly treated (if the ammonia nitrogen concentration exceeds the water dilution level), and is treated by a two-stage aeration biological filter system, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reaches over 90 percent, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the treated wastewater is less than 15mg/L, the total nitrogen content is less than 20mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate exceeds 85 percent, and the rare earth ion removal rate reaches over 99 percent. Finally, the ammonia nitrogen and the rare earth ions of the rare earth mining area soil leachate can be treated by the technical scheme and discharged after reaching the standard.
The two-stage biological aerated filter system for removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in a rare earth mining area, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises: two single biological aerated filter systems; the two single biological aerated filter systems are distributed in a step-type manner to form two stages of biological aerated filters, and the systems are used for treating the ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution of the soil leachate in the rare earth mining area.
The two single biological aerated filter systems use porous ceramsite as filler, and an aerated pipe network is laid at the bottom of the filler.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in a rare earth mining area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, excavating effusion ditches and effusion pools at the periphery of the bottom of an ore body to collect leachate containing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions in the soil of a rare earth mining area;
secondly, using porous water treatment ceramsite as a filter material of the biological aerated filter;
thirdly, laying an aeration pipe network at the bottom of the filter to construct a single biological aerated filter system;
fourthly, constructing a two-stage biological aerated filter system according to the topography around the ore body and a certain fall;
fifthly, before use, the constructed two-stage biological aerated filter system is started after 30 to 60 days of biofilm formation;
sixthly, putting the collected leaching solution containing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions in the rare earth mining area soil into the first-stage biological aerated filter from the liquid accumulation tank, after 5-20 hours of aeration treatment, opening a bottom drainage pipe valve, discharging the leaching solution after the first-stage treatment from the bottom of the filter, and flowing the leaching solution into the next-stage biological aerated filter; and (4) continuously aerating the leachate in the second-stage biological aerated filter for 5-20 hours, and discharging the leachate after the detected effluent reaches the standard.
2. The method for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in the rare earth mining area according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the length-width-depth ratio of a single biological aerated filter is 6:4: 2.
3. The method for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in the rare earth mining area according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the film forming process comprises the following steps: the film-forming solution contains rare earth mine soil leachate of 50-75mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 4-8mg/L rare earth ions, and the hydraulic retention time is 8-24 hours; the film hanging mode is natural film hanging.
4. The method for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in the rare earth mining area according to claim 1, wherein after the sixth step, the following steps are carried out: the two-stage biological aerated filter system adopts a sequencing batch operation mode and drains water once every 5 to 20 hours; the aeration intensity is 5-10L/min.
5. The method for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in the rare earth mining area according to claim 1, wherein after the sixth step, the following steps are carried out: treating the rare earth ore area soil leaching solution containing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ions with the ammonia nitrogen content of less than 150mg/L and the rare earth ion content of less than 25mg/L by a two-stage aeration biological filter system.
6. A system for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in a rare earth mining area by operating the method for synchronously removing ammonia nitrogen and rare earth ion pollution in the rare earth mining area according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: two single biological aerated filters; the two single biological aerated filter systems are distributed in a step mode to form a two-stage biological aerated filter.
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| CN113620755A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-09 | 南京大学 | Composition for promoting ammonia nitrogen removal of soil in rare earth mining area and application method thereof |
| CN115583744A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-10 | 江西盖亚环保科技有限公司 | Method for treating rare earth mine wastewater |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113620755A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-09 | 南京大学 | Composition for promoting ammonia nitrogen removal of soil in rare earth mining area and application method thereof |
| CN113620755B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-04-22 | 南京大学 | Composition for promoting ammonia nitrogen removal of soil in rare earth mining area and application method thereof |
| CN115583744A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-10 | 江西盖亚环保科技有限公司 | Method for treating rare earth mine wastewater |
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Application publication date: 20201009 |