CN108341549B

CN108341549B - Ecological restoration system of coupled aeration of stating step and overflow weir

Info

Publication number: CN108341549B
Application number: CN201810155978.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王汗; 麻林; 杨家亮; 卓志宇; 燕文明
Original assignee: Hunan Hydro&power Design Institute; Hohai University HHU
Current assignee: Hunan Hydro&power Design Institute; Hohai University HHU
Priority date: 2018-02-23
Filing date: 2018-02-23
Publication date: 2021-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-02-23
Also published as: CN108341549A

Abstract

The invention provides an ecological restoration system for coupled aeration of stating step and overflow weir, which comprises a treading aeration unit, an overflow aeration unit, a protection unit and an ecological landscape unit. Wherein the treading aeration unit consists of a stating step, a one-way valve, a sealing ring, a self-reset spring, a base, a vent hole and a cavity shell; the overflow aeration unit consists of a shell, a baffle and a filler; the protection unit consists of a suspension cable, a suspender and a bridge pile; the ecological landscape unit consists of floating leaf plants and emergent aquatic plants. The pedestrian tramples the stating step to perform trampling aeration, the water body is aerated by the overflow weir discharge, and the two aeration modes are combined to effectively increase the dissolved oxygen in the water; heavy metals and organic pollutants in water are assimilated and absorbed by floating plants and emergent aquatic plants. The invention has the advantages of beautiful appearance, simple structure, low cost, no secondary pollution and the like.

Description

Ecological restoration system of coupled aeration of stating step and overflow weir

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of river water pollution treatment, and particularly relates to an ecological restoration system for aeration coupling of stating steps and an overflow weir.

Background

Water is an important component of an urban ecological system, and with the continuous improvement of living conditions of people, ecological consciousness is also continuously improved, so that people also put forward higher requirements on water body landscapes while water pollution treatment is carried out. The water pollution treatment method mainly comprises the following steps: physical, chemical, biological methods. The physical method mainly comprises sediment dredging, water diversion and silt flushing, mechanical algae removal and the like, and the chemical method mainly comprises the steps of adding various chemical reagents into polluted water to adjust the water environment, but the methods usually treat the symptoms and do not treat the root causes, and secondary pollution is easy to generate; the biological method mainly comprises aeration reoxygenation, bioremediation, aquatic plant purification and the like, and has the characteristics of safety, reliability, quick response, capability of recovering the self-purification capability of the water body and the like, so that the biological method is widely used.

At present, in the construction of a plurality of gardens and river channels, the stating step has the characteristics of no water surface division, special rhythmic feeling formed by arrangement and combination and the like, and is widely used. Chinese patent application 201620318723.0 proposes a river-crossing stating step structure, which leads floating objects in water flow to be concentrated by arranging stating step stones in a curve form, thereby ensuring the ecological connectivity of the river; the Chinese patent application 201620854283.0 proposes a stating step, which can be partially exposed out of the water surface all the time along with the change of water level to prevent the stating step from being immersed by the water surface; 201620031288.3 provides an ecological water-permeable dam which can satisfy the dual functions of ecology and landscape; the application of the stating step is more reasonable, but the water-crossing function of the stating step is only focused, the utilization efficiency of the facility cannot be improved, and the ecological problems of black and odorous river water, eutrophication and the like at present cannot be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an ecological restoration system with aeration coupling between a stating step and an overflow weir, wherein pedestrians step on the stating step and the overflow device to carry out aeration, so that the dissolved oxygen in water can be effectively increased, and nutrients such as N, P and heavy metal pollutants in water are adsorbed by the purification effect of aquatic plants, thereby further reducing the problems of black and odorous water and eutrophication. The invention has the advantages of beautiful appearance and simple structure, not only meets the functional requirements of water transfer and hydrophilicity, but also beautifies the river landscape.

The ecological restoration system for coupled aeration of the stating step and the overflow weir is characterized in that a tread aeration unit consisting of the stating step, a one-way valve, a sealing ring, a self-reset spring, a base, an air vent and a cavity shell is sequentially and alternately connected with an overflow aeration unit consisting of a shell, a baffle and a filler, and is coupled with a protection unit consisting of a suspension cable, a suspender and a bridge pile and an ecological landscape unit consisting of a floating leaf plant and an emergent aquatic plant. Wherein: the stating step is embedded in the base, the stating step of the treading aeration unit and the base are made of marble, a groove is formed in the bottom of the stating step and used for fixing a sealing ring, the sealing ring slightly exceeds the side wall of the stating step, the material is butyronitrile rubber, and a cavity shell is constructed by zeolite; the shell of the overflow aeration unit is constructed by water-permeable porous bricks, the baffle is positioned at one side of the upstream of the water flow, and the baffle is made of rubber or a waterproof and breathable film and covers the surfaces of the water-permeable porous bricks; the suspension rods and the bridge piles of the protection units are integrally constructed by adopting concrete, the spacing is separated by two or more steps, and the suspension cables are made of hemp ropes; the floating plants planted in the ecological landscape unit are water lily and anemone, and the emergent aquatic plants are reed and cattail.

The invention is realized by the following principle: firstly, when a pedestrian steps on the stating step, the gas in the empty chamber is discharged into the water, the dissolved oxygen content of the water is increased, after the pedestrian leaves, the air enters the empty chamber through the one-way valve, and the stating step restores the original position under the action of the self-reset spring; the zeolite has many uniform tubular pore canals and holes with large internal surface area, so that it can absorb ammoniacal nitrogen, organic matters and heavy metal ions in water, regulate pH value of water body, provide sufficient carbon for growth of phytoplankton and raise photosynthesis strength of water body. Secondly, the overflow aeration unit can effectively block upstream floaters and suspended substances; the baffle enlarges the contact area of the water body and the air, so that the water body is raised, and the aeration effect is achieved; the ceramsite can adsorb harmful elements in a water body, is a good adsorbing material, has a rough surface, and can provide a stable breeding and living place for microorganisms, so that a biofilm is formed, the water body is in contact with the biofilm, organic pollutants in water are used as nutrient substances and are taken by the microorganisms on the biofilm, sewage is purified, and the microorganisms also obtain living energy; thirdly, the aquatic plants consume CO in the water when performing photosynthesis₂And supply O₂Meanwhile, heavy metal substances and organic pollutants in water are absorbed, the water body environment is improved, and the self-purification capacity of the water body is recovered; in addition, the requirements of people on urban water landscape are met by carrying out optimal arrangement on the aquatic plants and matching with stating steps.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: firstly, the dissolved oxygen content in water is increased by treading the stating step aeration, the disturbance of the water body is promoted, and the stating step is efficiently utilized; secondly, the stating step and the overflow aeration unit are coupled for use, so that various floaters from upstream driftage can be effectively intercepted, and the recovery of workers is facilitated; thirdly, the aquatic plants are optimally arranged, and the water quality purifying function of the aquatic plants is exerted, and the landscape creating effect is also achieved.

The invention provides a water body purification device, which can effectively restore water body pollution and beautify river landscape and has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, no secondary pollution and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a combined structure diagram of an ecological restoration system with aeration coupled with a stating step and an overflow weir according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the tread aeration unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tread aeration unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an overflow aeration unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a top view of an ecological remediation system with aeration coupled with a stating step and an overflow weir according to the present invention.

Wherein: 1. treading the aeration unit; 2. an overflow aeration unit; 3. a protection unit; 4. an ecological landscape unit; 5. a stating step; 6. a one-way valve; 7. a seal ring; 8. a self-resetting spring; 9. a base; 10. a vent hole; 11. a chamber housing; 12. a housing; 13. a baffle plate; 14. a filler; 15. a suspension cable; 16. a boom; 17. bridge piles; 18. a leafy plant; 19. emerging plants.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

With reference to fig. 1, the ecological restoration system for coupled aeration of stating step and overflow weir provided by the invention comprises a stating step 5, a one-way valve 6, a sealing ring 7, a treading aeration unit 1 consisting of a self-reset spring 8, a base 9, a vent hole 10 and a cavity shell 11, an overflow aeration unit 2 consisting of a shell 12, a baffle 13 and a filler 14, a protection unit 3 consisting of a suspension cable 15, a suspender 16 and a bridge pile 17, and an ecological landscape unit 4 consisting of a floating leaf plant 18 and an emergent aquatic plant 19.

The stating steps 5 in the treading aeration unit 1 are embedded in the base 9 and are made of marble, the stating steps 5 are of a square structure of 50cm multiplied by 50cm, the height of the stating steps 5 is set along with the depth of water, the gap between any two stating steps is 15cm-20cm, anti-skid lines are arranged on the surface of the stating steps 5, a groove is formed in the bottom of the stating steps 5 and used for fixing a sealing ring 7, and the sealing ring 7 slightly exceeds the side wall of the stating steps 5; the self-reset spring 8 is positioned in the middle of the stating step 5, one end of the self-reset spring is connected with the stating step 5, and the other end of the self-reset spring is connected with the base 9; the one-way valve 6 and the vent hole 10 are positioned at two sides of the self-resetting spring 8; the cavity shell 11 is constructed by zeolite surrounding the base 9, the material is zeolite, an annular cavity with the width of 5cm is reserved between the zeolite and the base, and the cavity shell is 5cm higher than the horizontal vent pipe.

The shell 12 in the overflow aeration unit 2 is constructed by water-permeable porous bricks, is connected with the treading aeration unit 1, has the height equal to the bottom of the stating step, has the front end vertical, has the rear end with the included angle of 70-80 degrees with the horizontal plane, and has a water through hole at the top end, so that part of water overflows through the weir body, and part of water enters the weir body to be filtered and purified through the filler 14; the baffle 13 is positioned at the front end of the shell 11, is made of rubber or a waterproof breathable film and covers the surface of the water-permeable porous brick; the bottom of the filler 14 is made of large stones for fixing, the upper part is made of ceramsite with the particle size of 6-12mm, and the filler 14 can be used as a carrier of microorganisms, so that a biological film can be formed.

The hanger rods 16 and the bridge piles 17 in the protection units 3 are integrally constructed by concrete, are 1.5 meters higher than the water surface, and are coated with pigments on the surfaces so as to be integrated into the landscape at intervals of two or more steps; when the river width is less than 5 m, the hanger rods and the bridge piles can be arranged only on the bank, so that the construction difficulty can be reduced, and the cost can be saved; the suspension cable is made of hemp ropes and is 1m higher than the water surface.

The floating leaf plants 18 and emergent aquatic plants 19 in the ecological landscape unit 4 are distributed at intervals according to local conditions, and a water flow corridor is reserved for dividing the water body space and increasing the landscape layering. Wherein, floating plants 18 such as water lily, anemone indica and the like are planted on two sides of the stating step, and emergent aquatic plants 19 such as reed, cattail and the like are planted at the farther position; the aquatic plants increase oxygen into water through photosynthesis, absorb various pollutants simultaneously, and can effectively improve the water environment by harvesting the aquatic plants at regular time.

The specific operation steps of the present invention are further described with reference to the following schematic drawings:

the invention provides an ecological restoration system for coupled aeration of stating step and overflow weir, which comprises a treading aeration unit, an overflow aeration unit and an ecological landscape unit.

The method comprises the following steps: the sealing ring is characterized in that a stating step and a base are constructed by marble, the stating step is embedded in the base and is of a square structure of 50cm multiplied by 50cm, the height of the stating step is set along with the depth of water, a gap between any two stating steps is 15cm-20cm, anti-skidding lines are arranged on the surface of the sealing ring, a groove is formed in the bottom of the sealing ring and used for fixing the sealing ring, the sealing ring slightly exceeds the side wall of the stating step, and the sealing ring is made of butyronitrile.

Step two: the self-reset spring is positioned in the middle of the stating step, one end of the self-reset spring is connected with the stating step, and the other end of the self-reset spring is connected with the base; the one-way valve and the vent hole are positioned at two sides of the self-resetting spring; the cavity shell is constructed around the bottom base and made of zeolite, an annular cavity with the width of 5cm is reserved between the cavity shell and the bottom base, and the cavity shell is 5cm higher than the vent hole.

Step three: the shell is constructed by water permeable porous bricks, the front end is vertical, the included angle between the rear end and the horizontal plane is 70-80 degrees, and the top end is provided with a water through hole; the baffle is positioned at the front end of the shell and made of rubber or a waterproof breathable film, and covers the surface of the water-permeable porous brick; the filling materials are respectively big stones and ceramsite from bottom to top;

step four: the hanger rods and the bridge piles are integrally constructed by concrete, are 1.5 meters higher than the water surface, are coated with pigment on the surfaces, and are separated by two or more steps; when the river width is less than 5 m, the hanger rods and the bridge piles can be arranged only on the bank; the suspension cable is made of hemp ropes and is 1m higher than the water surface.

Step five: the floating leaf plants and emergent aquatic plants are distributed alternately, and water flow galleries are reserved. Wherein, the water lily, the anemone indica and other leafy plants are planted on the two sides of the stating step in a belt shape, and the reed, the cattail and other tall emergent aquatic plants are planted on the outer side of the plant belt.

As described above, the present invention is explained fully in accordance with the gist of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples and implementation methods. A practitioner of the related art can make various changes and implementations within a range allowed by the technical idea of the present invention.

Comparative example 1:

the synchronous test was set up with two water tanks, the specifications of which were 131cm × 83cm × 63cm in length × width × depth. The two water tanks are named as a coupling aeration water tank and a blank control water tank respectively. Taking the covering water from the eutrophic urban river, slowly injecting eutrophic river water with the same volume along the tank walls of the two water tanks, and standing for 5 days. The stating steps in the coupled aeration ecological restoration system treading aeration unit are arranged on the air ground beside the coupled aeration water tank, 3 stating steps are arranged, the treading frequency of each stating step is 0-10 times per hour, and the aeration pipe is arranged in the coupled aeration water tank. The length x width x height of the statins is 0.3m x 0.1m, and the interval between two statins is 0.2 m. When the experiment is started, an aeration pipe of the ecological restoration system with coupled aeration is placed in a coupled aeration water tank, and the eichhornia crassipes after being suitable is planted in the coupled aeration water tank, wherein the planting density is 20-30 plants/m². Blank control is the raw water in the tank left without any treatment. During the test, the water hyacinth grows well in the coupling aeration water tank. The test took 20 days. At the end of the test, the water N, P and the heavy metal purification rate of the coupled aeration water tank and the blank control water tank are shown in table 1. Experiments show that the removal effect of the coupled aerated water on N, P pollutants in the water body is obvious and is obviously superior to that of a blank control water tank.

TABLE 1 comparison table of water body pollutant purification rates of coupling aeration water tank and blank control water tank

TN

TP

NO₃ ^-

NH₄ ⁺

PO₄ ^3-

Cadmium (Cd)

Lead (II)

Coupling aeration water tank

77.5％

80.1％

73.8％

69.2％

83.6％

35.6％

29.7％

Blank contrast water tank

26.2％

31.5％

20.6％

17.3％

45.8％

6.9％

11.4％

Claims

1. An ecological restoration system for coupled aeration of stating step and overflow weir is characterized by comprising a treading aeration unit, an overflow aeration unit, a protection unit and an ecological landscape unit; wherein the treading aeration unit consists of a stating step, a one-way valve, a sealing ring, a self-reset spring, a base, a vent hole and a cavity shell; the overflow aeration unit consists of a shell, a baffle and a filler; the protection unit consists of a suspension cable, a suspender and a bridge pile; the ecological landscape unit consists of floating plants and emergent aquatic plants; the treading aeration unit and the overflow aeration unit are positioned on the same cross section of the river and are sequentially and alternately connected; the protection units are positioned at two sides of the treading aeration unit; the ecological landscape units are positioned at two sides of the treading aeration unit, the overflow aeration unit and the protection unit;

the stating step is embedded in the base and made of marble, the stating step is of a square structure of 50cm multiplied by 50cm, the surface of the stating step is provided with anti-skid grains, the bottom of the stating step is provided with a groove for fixing a sealing ring, the sealing ring slightly exceeds the side wall of the stating step, and the material of the sealing ring is nitrile butadiene rubber;

the bases are of a 55cm multiplied by 55cm square structure, the height is set according to the water depth, and the distance between every two adjacent bases is 15cm-20 cm;

the self-reset spring is positioned right below the stating step, one end of the self-reset spring is connected with the stating step, and the other end of the self-reset spring is connected with the base; the check valve is arranged below the stating step, air enters the empty chamber through the check valve, the vent hole is in a 'notch' shape, and the horizontal pipeline is positioned below the water surface;

the cavity shell is constructed around the bottom base and made of zeolite, an annular space with the width of 5cm is reserved between the cavity shell and the bottom base, and the cavity shell is 5cm higher than the horizontal vent pipeline;

the shell is constructed by porous bricks which are permeable to water, the shell is slightly higher than the water surface, the front end of the shell is vertical, the rear end of the shell forms an included angle of 70-80 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the top end of the shell is provided with a water inlet hole;

the baffle is positioned at the front end of the shell and made of rubber or a waterproof breathable film, and the baffle is covered on the surface of the water-permeable porous brick; the bottom of the filler is made of large stones, and the upper part of the filler is made of ceramsite with the particle size of 6-12 mm;

the hanger rods and the bridge piles are integrally constructed by concrete, are 1.5 meters higher than the water surface, are coated with pigments on the surfaces, are fused with the surrounding landscape, and are separated by two or more steps; the suspension cable is made of hemp ropes and is 1m higher than the water surface;

the floating leaf plants and emergent aquatic plants are distributed alternately, and water flow galleries are reserved; wherein the floating-leaf plants are water lily and water hyacinth and are planted on two sides of the stating step in a strip shape; the emergent aquatic plants are reed and cattail, and are planted outside the floating-leaf plants.