CN105174626A - Constructed wetland coupled biological reaction tank purification water-gas system - Google Patents
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
一、技术领域1. Technical field
本发明属于环境保护领域，涉及一种处理废气和深度处理废水的人工湿地-生物反应池偶联系统。The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and relates to an artificial wetland-biological reaction tank coupling system for treating waste gas and advanced wastewater treatment.
二、背景技术2. Background technology
目前，城市污水处理多以生物法为主，包括活性污泥法、生物滤池、生物转盘、稳定塘等，其处理后出水中仍残存较高浓度的氮、磷等污染物质。大量富含氮、磷的污水处理厂出水直接排入河流，造成地表水污染和湖泊富营养化。At present, urban sewage treatment is mostly based on biological methods, including activated sludge method, biological filter, biological turntable, stabilization pond, etc. After the treatment, there are still high concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in the effluent. A large amount of effluent from sewage treatment plants rich in nitrogen and phosphorus is directly discharged into rivers, causing surface water pollution and eutrophication of lakes.
为进一步提升污水处理效果，常采用吸附、光降解、膜过滤、微波与高级氧化等技术对污水处理厂出水进行深度净化，但这些技术的应用均存在投资运营成本高、操作管理复杂等局限性。人工湿地，作为一种污水生态处理技术，具有基建及运行费用低和管理方便等优点，同时能再造生态景观，改善气候，促进生态环境的良性循环，在提升污水处理厂出水水质方面有着很好的发展前景。In order to further improve the effect of sewage treatment, technologies such as adsorption, photodegradation, membrane filtration, microwave and advanced oxidation are often used to deeply purify the effluent of sewage treatment plants. However, the application of these technologies has limitations such as high investment and operation costs and complicated operation and management. . Constructed wetland, as a sewage ecological treatment technology, has the advantages of low infrastructure and operating costs and convenient management. At the same time, it can recreate the ecological landscape, improve the climate, and promote a virtuous cycle of the ecological environment. development prospects.
但是，随着水污染物排放标准的逐步加严，传统人工湿地生物脱氮效率低、可持续运行稳定性差等难题愈发突出，影响了其推广应用前景。传统人工湿地对于TSS、有机污染物的去除效率较高，但是对于氮的脱除能力却较低。溶解氧供应不足是导致湿地脱氮效率较差的最主要原因，因此，改善基质内部溶解氧环境是调控人工湿地硝化反应进程，进而强化生物脱氮效果的关键所在。However, with the gradual tightening of water pollutant discharge standards, problems such as low biological denitrification efficiency and poor sustainable operation stability of traditional constructed wetlands have become more prominent, which has affected its promotion and application prospects. Traditional constructed wetlands have higher removal efficiency for TSS and organic pollutants, but lower removal capacity for nitrogen. Insufficient supply of dissolved oxygen is the most important reason for poor nitrogen removal efficiency in wetlands. Therefore, improving the dissolved oxygen environment inside the substrate is the key to regulating the process of nitrification in constructed wetlands, thereby enhancing the effect of biological nitrogen removal.
在传统生物污水处理过程中，曝气成本往往占污水处理工艺运行成本的30‐60％。目前，曝气后尾气一般直接排放到周围大气环境中，既造成资源和能源的巨大浪费，又会产生异味和微生物气溶胶，影响环境，危害人体健康。将尾气收集后用于人工湿地复氧，既可实现废气的利用，又可通过湿地基质的过滤作用去除尾气的异味和微生物气溶胶，更重要的是能够强化人工湿地对污染物的去除效果。In the traditional biological wastewater treatment process, the cost of aeration often accounts for 30‐60% of the operating cost of the wastewater treatment process. At present, the tail gas after aeration is generally discharged directly into the surrounding atmosphere, which not only causes a huge waste of resources and energy, but also produces peculiar smell and microbial aerosols, which affects the environment and endangers human health. The exhaust gas is collected and used for reoxygenation in the constructed wetland, which can not only realize the utilization of the exhaust gas, but also remove the odor of the exhaust gas and microbial aerosol through the filtration of the wetland substrate, and more importantly, it can strengthen the removal effect of the constructed wetland on pollutants.
研究表明，对人工湿地进行增氧可显著提高人工湿地净化效能，同时也有效增强系统抗冲击负荷能力，到目前为止，没有利用生物污水处理尾气对人工湿地进行增氧的实例。Studies have shown that adding oxygen to constructed wetlands can significantly improve the purification efficiency of constructed wetlands, and at the same time effectively enhance the system's ability to resist shock loads. So far, there is no example of using biological sewage treatment tail gas to increase oxygen in constructed wetlands.
三、发明内容3. Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术的不足之处，本发明提出了一种处理效果好、投资少、易于管理和操作、处理废气和深度净化废水的人工湿地偶联生物反应池净化水气系统。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a water and gas purification system with a constructed wetland coupling biological reaction tank, which has good treatment effect, low investment, easy management and operation, waste gas treatment and deep purification of waste water.
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：人工湿地偶联生物反应池净化水气系统，包括生物反应池、沉淀池和人工湿地，人工湿地包括床体、定时控制器、抽气泵、曝气砂盘、砂土层。湿地床体做成长方体，该人工湿地偶联生物反应池净化水气系统的生物反应池设置为一个密封的系统，生物反应池顶部设置有曝气管和出气管，在生物反应池的一侧设置有进水管，另一侧设置有排水管，其中排水管与沉淀池相通，沉淀池与人工湿地进水管相通，曝气管的一端通过导气管与空气压缩机相连，出气管通过气泵与人工湿地底部的曝气砂盘相通。The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: the water and gas purification system coupled with the artificial wetland coupling biological reaction tank, including the biological reaction tank, the sedimentation tank and the artificial wetland, the artificial wetland includes the bed body, the timing controller, the air pump, the aeration Plate, sand layer. The wetland bed is made into a rectangular parallelepiped. The bioreaction tank of the artificial wetland coupling biological reaction tank purifying water and gas system is set as a sealed system. The top of the biological reaction tank is equipped with an aeration pipe and an air outlet pipe. On one side of the biological reaction tank There is a water inlet pipe and a drain pipe on the other side. The drain pipe is connected to the sedimentation tank, the sedimentation tank is connected to the water inlet pipe of the constructed wetland, one end of the aeration pipe is connected to the air compressor through the air guide pipe, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the artificial The aeration sand trays at the bottom of the wetland are connected.
污水从进水管进入生物反应池，经微生物硝化反硝化处理，再经出水管流进沉淀池，沉淀后的污水进入人工湿地后，人工湿地的微生物和水生植物对污水进行深度净化处理，处理后的水由出水管排出。The sewage enters the biological reaction tank from the water inlet pipe, is treated by microbial nitrification and denitrification, and then flows into the sedimentation tank through the outlet pipe. After the settled sewage enters the constructed wetland, the microorganisms and aquatic plants in the constructed wetland perform deep purification treatment on the sewage. The water is discharged from the outlet pipe.
本发明具有以下优点：本发明将生物反应池和人工湿地相结合，对污水进行强化处理，出水水质好；本发明将生物反应池曝气后产生的尾气引入人工湿地，既强化了人工湿地供氧与植物生长又消除了尾气的污染风险。The present invention has the following advantages: the present invention combines the bioreaction tank with the artificial wetland to strengthen the treatment of sewage, and the effluent quality is good; Oxygen and plant growth eliminates the risk of exhaust pollution.
经生物反应池处理后的出水，通过潜流人工湿地或表流人工湿地的深度处理，COD、氨氮、TP的去除率都能达到88-95％，出水满足地表Ⅴ类水标准。系统各季节脱氮除磷效果良好。对生物反应池尾气和人工湿地尾气进行成分分析，主要包括：CO2、CH4、N2O、H2S、VOC、微生物气溶胶，结果显示人工湿地尾气污染物浓度明显小于生物反应池尾气，表明人工湿地对尾气有很好的净化作用。After the effluent treated by the biological reaction tank, the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, and TP can reach 88-95% through the advanced treatment of the subsurface flow constructed wetland or the surface flow constructed wetland, and the effluent meets the standard of Class V water on the surface. The nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect of the system is good in all seasons. The component analysis of the exhaust gas of the biological reaction tank and the exhaust gas of the constructed wetland mainly includes: CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, H 2 S, VOC, and microbial aerosols. , indicating that the constructed wetland has a good purification effect on exhaust gas.
四、附图说明4. Description of drawings
图1为本发明潜流人工湿地偶联生物反应池净化水气系统的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the water gas purification system of subsurface flow constructed wetland coupling bioreactor tank of the present invention;
图2为本发明表流人工湿地偶联生物反应池净化水气系统的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the surface flow constructed wetland coupling biological reaction tank purification water gas system of the present invention;
图中：1为进水管，2为生物反应池，3为空气压缩机，4为曝气管，5为出气管，6为出水管，7为气泵，8为湿地植物，9为湿地出水口，10为湿地床体，11为砂土层，12为石子层，13为曝气砂盘，14为湿地进水口，15为沉淀池。In the figure: 1 is the water inlet pipe, 2 is the biological reaction tank, 3 is the air compressor, 4 is the aeration pipe, 5 is the air outlet pipe, 6 is the water outlet pipe, 7 is the air pump, 8 is the wetland plant, and 9 is the wetland water outlet , 10 is a wetland bed, 11 is a sand layer, 12 is a gravel layer, 13 is an aeration sand tray, 14 is a wetland water inlet, and 15 is a sedimentation tank.
五、具体实施例5. Specific examples
实施例1Example 1
如附图1所示，本发明的净化水气系统由生物反应池2和人工湿地10两部分组成。生物反应池2的壳体由PVC或混凝土等材料构建，生物反应池2是一个密封系统，在其顶部设置有曝气管4和出气管5，其中曝气管4的一端通过导气管与空气压缩机3相连，按时对生物反应池进行曝气，出气管5通过气泵7与人工湿地底部的曝气砂盘13相通。在生物反应池壁自下而上设置有进水管1和出水管6，其中出水管6与沉淀池15相通，沉淀后的出水上清液通过湿地进水口13进入人工湿地。As shown in FIG. 1 , the water and gas purification system of the present invention consists of two parts, a biological reaction tank 2 and a constructed wetland 10 . The shell of the biological reaction tank 2 is constructed of materials such as PVC or concrete. The biological reaction tank 2 is a sealed system, and an aeration pipe 4 and an air outlet pipe 5 are arranged on its top, wherein one end of the aeration pipe 4 is connected with the air through the air guide pipe. The compressor 3 is connected to aerate the biological reaction tank on time, and the air outlet pipe 5 communicates with the aeration sand tray 13 at the bottom of the constructed wetland through the air pump 7 . A water inlet pipe 1 and an outlet pipe 6 are arranged on the wall of the biological reaction tank from bottom to top, wherein the outlet pipe 6 communicates with the sedimentation tank 15 , and the supernatant of the outlet water after sedimentation enters the constructed wetland through the wetland water inlet 13 .
人工湿地床体10前端和后端分别有进水管14和出水管9。床体10由PVC材料构成，床体底部自下而上铺设5cm-8cm的石子层12和50-70cm的砂土层11，砂土层11为细河砂，上面种植挺水植物8。床体10底部铺设曝气砂盘13，通过气泵7将生物反应池2中曝气后的废气引入人工湿地，进行曝气增氧。There are water inlet pipes 14 and water outlet pipes 9 at the front end and rear end of the constructed wetland bed body 10 respectively. The bed body 10 is made of PVC material, and the gravel layer 12 of 5cm-8cm and the sand layer 11 of 50-70cm are laid on the bottom of the bed body from bottom to top. The sand layer 11 is fine river sand, and emergent plants 8 are planted above. An aeration sand tray 13 is laid on the bottom of the bed body 10, and the exhaust gas after aeration in the biological reaction tank 2 is introduced into the artificial wetland through the air pump 7 for aeration and oxygenation.
上述人工湿地偶联生物反应池同步净化水气系统的具体运行方式为：The specific operation mode of the above-mentioned constructed wetland coupling bioreactor tank synchronous water and gas purification system is as follows:
污水首先通过进水管1进入生物反应池2，污水在生物反应池处理后在排水阶段的出水通过出水管6进入沉淀池15，为了防止污泥流进人工湿地造成堵塞，污水在沉淀池15进行沉淀，上清液通过湿地进水口14进入人工湿地10，人工湿地的基质为微生物提供生长环境，氮、磷等污染物进一步被吸附降解。湿地植物8可吸收氮、磷作为自身营养物质，对污水进行强化处理。系统处理后的水由湿地出水口9排出。在生物反应池运行过程中，曝气管4的一端通过导气管与空气压缩机3相连，按时进行曝气增氧，同时气泵7的一端通过导气管与生物反应池出气口5相连，另一端通过导气管与人工湿地底部的曝气砂盘13相接，这样生物反应池产生的废气被导入人工湿地进行曝气增氧，提高了人工湿地对污染物氮、磷的去除率。Sewage first enters the biological reaction tank 2 through the water inlet pipe 1, and after the sewage is treated in the biological reaction tank, the effluent in the drainage stage enters the sedimentation tank 15 through the outlet pipe 6. Precipitation, the supernatant enters the constructed wetland 10 through the wetland water inlet 14, the matrix of the constructed wetland provides a growth environment for microorganisms, and pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus are further adsorbed and degraded. Wetland plants 8 can absorb nitrogen and phosphorus as their own nutrients to strengthen the treatment of sewage. The water treated by the system is discharged from the wetland water outlet 9. During the operation of the biological reaction tank, one end of the aeration pipe 4 is connected to the air compressor 3 through the air guide tube, and aeration and oxygenation are carried out on time. At the same time, one end of the air pump 7 is connected to the air outlet 5 of the biological reaction tank through the air guide tube. The air duct is connected to the aeration sand tray 13 at the bottom of the constructed wetland, so that the waste gas generated by the biological reaction tank is introduced into the constructed wetland for aeration and oxygenation, which improves the removal rate of pollutant nitrogen and phosphorus in the constructed wetland.
实施例2Example 2
与实施例1相同，所不同的是建立的潜流人工湿地偶联生物反应池净化水气系统，生物反应池采用有机玻璃材质，有效容积为15L，有效高度为30cm，内径为25cm，呈圆柱形做成圆柱状；潜流人工湿地面积为0.25m×0.25m，高0.6m，湿地填料层厚度为50cm，底部铺设曝气砂盘，为了防止曝气砂盘堵塞，在曝气砂盘上铺设粒径为3-4cm的石子，石子层厚度为5cm，其上覆盖45cm厚的细河砂，湿地表面种植芦苇，通过气泵将生物反应池尾气引入人工湿地进行曝气增氧。Same as Example 1, the difference is that the established submerged flow constructed wetland coupled bio-reaction tank purification system, the bio-reaction tank is made of plexiglass material, the effective volume is 15L, the effective height is 30cm, the inner diameter is 25cm, and it is cylindrical It is made into a cylindrical shape; the area of the subsurface artificial wetland is 0.25m×0.25m, the height is 0.6m, the thickness of the wetland filler layer is 50cm, and the aeration sand tray is laid on the bottom. Stones with a diameter of 3-4cm, the thickness of the stone layer is 5cm, covered with 45cm thick fine river sand, reeds are planted on the surface of the wetland, and the exhaust gas of the biological reaction tank is introduced into the artificial wetland through an air pump for aeration and oxygenation.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例的结构和运行方式与实施例2基本相同，二者的区别在于本实例构建的是表流人工湿地，沉淀池的污水通过管道用蠕动泵送到表流人工湿地，如图2所示，表流人工湿地面积为0.45m×0.22m，高0.65m，湿地填料层厚度为35cm，水深25cm，在基质表层铺设曝气砂盘。The structure and operation mode of this embodiment are basically the same as those of Embodiment 2. The difference between the two is that this example constructs a surface flow artificial wetland, and the sewage from the sedimentation tank is sent to the surface flow artificial wetland through a pipeline with a peristaltic pump, as shown in Figure 2 It shows that the area of the surface flow artificial wetland is 0.45m×0.22m, the height is 0.65m, the thickness of the wetland filler layer is 35cm, the water depth is 25cm, and the aeration sand tray is laid on the surface of the substrate.
本发明将生物反应池和人工湿地相结合，对污水进行强化处理，出水水质好；同时，生物反应池曝气后的尾气被收集通入人工湿地，强化人工湿地水质净化效果，促进植物生长，利用人工湿地的过滤净化作用去除了尾气中的异味和气溶胶污染。The invention combines the bioreaction tank with the artificial wetland to strengthen the treatment of sewage, and the effluent water quality is good; at the same time, the tail gas after the aeration of the biological reaction tank is collected and passed into the artificial wetland, which strengthens the water quality purification effect of the artificial wetland and promotes plant growth. The filter and purification function of the artificial wetland is used to remove the peculiar smell and aerosol pollution in the exhaust gas.
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| CN107381779A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-11-24 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of saprobia electro photoluminescence processing and tail gas synergy wetland purification system |
| CN111115981A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-08 | 上源环工生态环境科技(苏州)有限公司 | Resource regeneration type constructed wetland system |
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