CN110496357B - Plasma cracking device for high-salt-content and high-concentration organic raffinate - Google Patents
Plasma cracking device for high-salt-content and high-concentration organic raffinate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110496357B CN110496357B CN201910905066.8A CN201910905066A CN110496357B CN 110496357 B CN110496357 B CN 110496357B CN 201910905066 A CN201910905066 A CN 201910905066A CN 110496357 B CN110496357 B CN 110496357B
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/10—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation
- A62D3/19—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation to plasma
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plasma pyrolysis device for high-salt content and high-concentration organic raffinate, which comprises a first plasma pyrolysis generator, a hearth, a raffinate waste heat recoverer and an air waste heat recoverer, wherein the raffinate is heated and gasified by the raffinate waste heat recoverer and then is introduced into the first plasma pyrolysis generator for pyrolysis, the cracked pyrolysis gas enters the hearth, inorganic salt gasified in the pyrolysis gas is condensed into molten salt liquid in the hearth and falls into a molten salt liquid seal zone, and then is discharged from a salt liquid outlet of a discharge zone after passing through a plasma auxiliary heating zone; other gases in the pyrolysis gas are discharged from the gas outlet of the hearth and then enter the residual liquid waste heat recoverer and the air waste heat recoverer in sequence for waste heat recovery and then are discharged. The method is suitable for treating high-salt-content and high-concentration organic residual liquid, and forms glass bodies by molten salt at high temperature, so that the method is thoroughly harmless and has no dioxin; the salt can be continuously and stably discharged, the system is not easy to block, and the long-term stable operation can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of residual liquid treatment, in particular to a plasma pyrolysis device for organic residual liquid with high salt concentration.
Background
With the development of social economy and modern industry, the treatment of various wastes has become an environmental protection problem which must be faced by various countries, and the treatment of toxic and harmful hazardous wastes has become a big subject of headache of governments of various countries, and is a difficult problem related to human development and ecological environment.
The most difficult of these wastes is the high-salt and high-concentration organic residual liquid produced in the chemical production and the synthesis of medical intermediates. These raffinate has high organic content and high calorific value; the toxicity is high, and the environmental pollution is serious; difficult to degrade and difficult to process by conventional methods; complex components, great harmless difficulty and the like.
The traditional physical treatment method, chemical treatment method, physical and chemical treatment method, biological treatment method and the like are difficult to treat, and only incineration can be adopted for treatment.
Since the 60 s of the last century, incineration is commonly used to treat these wastes in developed countries such as western europe and japan, and in recent years, the introduction of incineration facilities has been started in China. Incineration can reduce the volume of garbage, but the generated dioxin has been the focus of attention. The international environmental protection agency has issued reports of incinerator and human health, and has made further special researches on the relationship between dioxin and incinerator. Reports that the incinerator has become a main source of dioxin emission in the beginning of the 80 s to the 90 s, and the estimated incinerator accounts for about 40-80% of the total amount of dioxin emission in each industry, and the actual figures are probably higher due to the loopholes of the recording and statistical methods.
Meanwhile, the traditional incineration process uses open fire to incinerate the salt-containing residual liquid, inorganic salt in the wastewater is molten due to the fact that the flame temperature is about 1000 ℃, and molten salt is solidified due to the fact that the temperature of a salt discharging port is reduced, so that a salt discharging pipeline is blocked, and stable salt discharging is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing high-salt-content and high-concentration organic raffinate can not only generate dioxin and the salt discharge is unstable during treatment, and provides a plasma pyrolysis device for the high-salt-content and high-concentration organic raffinate, which comprises a first plasma pyrolysis generator 1, a hearth 2, a raffinate waste heat recoverer 3 and an air waste heat recoverer 4, wherein a hearth air outlet is formed in the top of the hearth 2, a molten salt liquid sealing area, a plasma auxiliary heating area and a discharging area are sequentially formed in the bottom of the hearth 2, a hearth air inlet is further formed above the molten salt liquid sealing area, the air outlet of the first plasma pyrolysis generator 1 is connected with the hearth air inlet, and a salt liquid outlet is formed in the discharging area;
Heating and gasifying residual liquid by a residual liquid waste heat recoverer 3, introducing the heated and gasified residual liquid into a first plasma cracking generator 1 for cracking, cracking organic matters in the residual liquid into unit substances and inorganic salt for vaporization in the first plasma cracking generator, forming the substances and superheated steam, introducing cracked gas after cracking into a hearth 2, condensing the gasified inorganic salt in the cracked gas into molten salt liquid in the hearth 2, falling into a molten salt liquid sealing area, and discharging the molten salt liquid through a salt liquid outlet of a discharge area after passing through a plasma auxiliary heating area; other gases (such as CO 2、H2O、NO2、SO3 and the like) in the pyrolysis gas are discharged from the gas outlet of the hearth and sequentially enter the residual liquid waste heat recoverer 3 and the air waste heat recoverer, and are discharged after the temperature is reduced to below 600 ℃.
The first plasma cracking generator 1 is of an elongated tubular structure, the inner flame temperature of a plasma torch at the bottom of the first plasma cracking generator 1 is 7000 ℃, the outer flame temperature is 5000 ℃, and the temperature of a cracking gas outlet at the top of the first plasma cracking generator 1 is 2000 ℃. The temperature of the part of the hearth near the bottom molten salt is about 1500 ℃, the temperature of the middle section of the hearth is about 1200 ℃, and the temperature of the gas outlet at the top of the hearth is about 1100 ℃.
The invention relates to a plasma pyrolysis device for high-salt-content and high-concentration organic residual liquid, wherein a hearth is of an L-shaped structure, a fused salt liquid sealing area, a plasma auxiliary heating area and a discharge area are separated from the bottom in the hearth 2 by two liquid sealing baffles 5, one liquid sealing baffle separating the fused salt liquid sealing area and the plasma auxiliary heating area is upwards arranged from the bottom of the hearth 2, and the upper end of the liquid sealing baffle is not contacted with the inner wall of the hearth 2; the other liquid sealing baffle plate for separating the plasma auxiliary heating area and the discharging area is arranged at the protruding part of the bottom of the L-shaped hearth from top to bottom, the lower end of the liquid sealing baffle plate is not contacted with the bottom of the hearth 2, and the lower end of the liquid sealing baffle plate is lower than the salt solution outlet. Because the plasma furnace is in a negative pressure running state when in operation, molten salt liquid and two liquid sealing baffles can form liquid sealing with the hearth under negative pressure after being matched, and when the formed molten salt liquid is excessive and exceeds the height of a salt liquid outlet, the excessive salt can automatically flow out of the salt liquid outlet. Therefore, the liquid sealing by the salt liquid has two benefits, one is that salt can automatically flow in a melting way and be discharged out of the furnace body, and the other is that the salt discharging port is isolated from the air outside the furnace body, so that the temperature of the furnace is prevented from being reduced.
The hearth 2 is also provided with a second plasma pyrolysis generator 6, and a plasma torch of the second plasma pyrolysis generator 6 is directly burnt above the plasma auxiliary heating area, and the temperature is 1500-1800 ℃ to maintain the salt discharging system at high temperature of 1000 ℃ all the time so as to prevent cooling crystallization blockage of a salt discharging port.
The invention relates to a plasma pyrolysis device for high-salt-content and high-concentration organic raffinate, which is characterized in that a raffinate channel and a first pyrolysis gas channel are arranged in a raffinate waste heat recoverer 3, the raffinate channel and the first pyrolysis gas channel are adjacent and are not communicated, pyrolysis gas discharged from a hearth gas outlet enters the first pyrolysis gas channel, exchanges heat with raffinate entering the raffinate channel, is discharged and enters an air waste heat recoverer 3, and the heated and gasified raffinate is directly sprayed onto a plasma torch of a first plasma pyrolysis generator 1.
The invention relates to a plasma pyrolysis device for high-salt-content and high-concentration organic raffinate, which is characterized in that an air channel and a second pyrolysis gas channel are arranged in an air waste heat recoverer 4, the air channel and the second pyrolysis gas channel are adjacent and are not communicated, pyrolysis gas discharged by the raffinate waste heat recoverer 3 enters the second pyrolysis gas channel, is discharged after heat exchange with normal-temperature air entering the air channel, is heated to 300 ℃ and is introduced into the middle section of a hearth 2, and O in the air and single-atom substances such as C, H, N, S and the like of raffinate pyrolysis are recombined to generate stable oxides such as stable CO 2、H2O、NO2、SO3 and the like.
The plasma pyrolysis device of the high-salt-content and high-concentration organic raffinate has the advantages that the first plasma pyrolysis generator 1 is of an elongated tubular structure, the inner flame temperature of a plasma torch at the bottom of the first plasma pyrolysis generator 1 is 7000 ℃, the outer flame temperature is 5000 ℃, the inner flame temperature is higher than the outer flame, and the temperature of a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the first plasma pyrolysis generator 1 is 2000 ℃. The temperature of the part of the hearth near the bottom molten salt is about 1500 ℃, the temperature of the middle section of the hearth is about 1200 ℃, and the temperature of the gas outlet at the top of the hearth is about 1100 ℃.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The residual liquid is fully cracked and environment-friendly, and no dioxin is generated;
2. The method is suitable for treating high-salt-content and high-concentration organic raffinate, and forms glass bodies by molten salt at high temperature, so that the method is thoroughly harmless;
3. the salt can be continuously and stably discharged, the system is not easy to block, and the long-term stable operation can be realized.
Drawings
The invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which merely illustrate the basic structure of the invention and therefore show only the structures which are relevant to the invention.
In the description, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "provided," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly as, for example, "connected," either fixedly, detachably, or integrally. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The plasma pyrolysis device of the high-salt-content and high-concentration organic raffinate shown in fig. 1 comprises a first plasma pyrolysis generator 1, a hearth 2, a raffinate waste heat recoverer 3 and an air waste heat recoverer 4, wherein a hearth air outlet is formed in the top of the hearth 2, a molten salt liquid sealing area, a plasma auxiliary heating area and a discharge area are sequentially formed in the bottom of the hearth 2, a hearth air inlet is further formed above the molten salt liquid sealing area, an air outlet of the first plasma pyrolysis generator 1 is connected with the hearth air inlet, and a salt liquid outlet is formed in the discharge area;
Heating and gasifying residual liquid by a residual liquid waste heat recoverer 3, introducing the heated and gasified residual liquid into a first plasma cracking generator 1 for cracking, cracking organic matters in the residual liquid into unit substances and inorganic salt for vaporization in the first plasma cracking generator, forming the substances and superheated steam, introducing cracked gas after cracking into a hearth 2, condensing the gasified inorganic salt in the cracked gas into molten salt liquid in the hearth 2, falling into a molten salt liquid sealing area, and discharging the molten salt liquid through a salt liquid outlet of a discharge area after passing through a plasma auxiliary heating area; other gases (such as CO 2、H2O、NO2、SO3 and the like) in the pyrolysis gas are discharged from a gas outlet of the hearth, enter the residual liquid waste heat recoverer 3 and the air waste heat recoverer in sequence, and are discharged after the temperature is reduced to below 600 ℃.
The first plasma cracking generator 1 is of an elongated tubular structure, the inner flame temperature of a plasma torch at the bottom of the first plasma cracking generator 1 is 7000 ℃, the outer flame temperature is 5000 ℃, the inner flame temperature is higher than the outer flame, and the temperature of a cracking gas outlet at the top of the first plasma cracking generator 1 is 2000 ℃.
The hearth is of an L-shaped structure, a molten salt liquid sealing area, a plasma auxiliary heating area and a discharging area are separated from the bottom in the hearth 2 by two liquid sealing baffles 5, the temperature of the part, close to the bottom, of the hearth is about 1500 ℃, the temperature of the middle section of the hearth is about 1200 ℃, and the temperature of the air outlet position at the top of the hearth is about 1100 ℃. Wherein, a liquid sealing baffle plate for separating a molten salt liquid sealing area and a plasma auxiliary heating area is arranged upwards from the bottom of the hearth 2, and the upper end of the liquid sealing baffle plate is not contacted with the inner wall of the hearth 2; the other liquid sealing baffle plate for separating the plasma auxiliary heating area and the discharging area is arranged at the protruding part of the bottom of the L-shaped hearth from top to bottom, the lower end of the liquid sealing baffle plate is not contacted with the bottom of the hearth 2, and the lower end of the liquid sealing baffle plate is lower than the salt solution outlet. Because the plasma furnace is in a negative pressure running state when in operation, molten salt liquid and two liquid sealing baffles can form liquid sealing with the hearth under negative pressure after being matched, and when the formed molten salt liquid is excessive and exceeds the height of a salt liquid outlet, the excessive salt can automatically flow out of the salt liquid outlet. Therefore, the liquid sealing by the salt liquid has two benefits, one is that salt can automatically flow in a melting way and be discharged out of the furnace body, and the other is that the salt discharging port is isolated from the air outside the furnace body, so that the temperature of the furnace is prevented from being reduced.
The hearth 2 is also provided with a second plasma pyrolysis generator 6, and a plasma torch of the second plasma pyrolysis generator 6 is directly burnt above the plasma auxiliary heating area, and the temperature is 1500-1800 ℃ to maintain the salt discharging system at high temperature of 1000 ℃ all the time so as to prevent cooling crystallization blockage of a salt discharging port.
The residual liquid waste heat recoverer 3 is internally provided with a residual liquid channel and a first pyrolysis gas channel, the residual liquid channel is adjacent to the first pyrolysis gas channel and is not communicated with the first pyrolysis gas channel, pyrolysis gas discharged from the gas outlet of the hearth enters the first pyrolysis gas channel, exchanges heat with residual liquid entering the residual liquid channel, is discharged and enters the air waste heat recoverer 3, and the heated and gasified residual liquid is directly sprayed onto a plasma torch of the first plasma pyrolysis generator 1.
An air channel and a second pyrolysis gas channel are arranged in the air waste heat recoverer 4, the air channel is adjacent to the second pyrolysis gas channel and is not communicated with the second pyrolysis gas channel, pyrolysis gas discharged from the residual liquid waste heat recoverer 3 enters the second pyrolysis gas channel, is cooled to below 600 ℃ after heat exchange with normal-temperature air entering the air channel and is discharged, the normal-temperature air is heated to 300 ℃ and is introduced into the middle section of the hearth 2, and O in the air and single-atom substances such as C, H, N, S and the like of residual liquid pyrolysis are recombined to generate stable oxides such as stable CO 2、H2O、NO2、SO3 and the like, and the oxides are discharged from the air outlet of the hearth and enter the residual liquid waste heat recoverer.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a portable electronic device capable of performing various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (4)
1. The plasma pyrolysis device for the organic residual liquid with high salt content and high concentration is characterized by comprising a first plasma pyrolysis generator (1), a hearth (2), a residual liquid waste heat recoverer (3) and an air waste heat recoverer (4), wherein a hearth air outlet is formed in the top of the hearth (2), a molten salt liquid sealing area, a plasma auxiliary heating area and a discharge area are sequentially formed in the bottom of the hearth (2), a hearth air inlet is further formed above the molten salt liquid sealing area, the air outlet of the first plasma pyrolysis generator (1) is connected with the hearth air inlet, and a salt liquid outlet is formed in the discharge area; heating and gasifying residual liquid by a residual liquid waste heat recoverer (3), introducing the heated and gasified residual liquid into a first plasma cracking generator (1) for cracking, introducing cracked gas after cracking into a hearth (2), condensing inorganic salt gasified in the cracked gas into molten salt liquid in the hearth (2), falling the molten salt liquid into a molten salt liquid sealing area, and discharging the molten salt liquid from a salt liquid outlet of a discharge area after passing through a plasma auxiliary heating area; other gases in the pyrolysis gas are discharged from a gas outlet of the hearth and then enter a residual liquid waste heat recoverer (3) and an air waste heat recoverer in sequence for waste heat recovery and then are discharged; the bottom in the hearth (2) is separated from a molten salt liquid sealing area, a plasma auxiliary heating area and a discharge area by two liquid sealing baffles (5), wherein one liquid sealing baffle is upwards arranged from the bottom of the hearth (2), and the upper end of the liquid sealing baffle is not contacted with the inner wall of the hearth (2); the other liquid sealing baffle plate is arranged from top to bottom, the lower end of the liquid sealing baffle plate is not contacted with the bottom of the hearth (2), and the lower end of the liquid sealing baffle plate is lower than the salt solution outlet; a second plasma cracking generator (6) is also arranged on the hearth (2), and a plasma torch of the second plasma cracking generator (6) is burnt directly above the plasma auxiliary heating area.
2. The plasma pyrolysis device of high-salt content and high-concentration organic raffinate according to claim 1, wherein a raffinate channel and a first pyrolysis gas channel are arranged in the raffinate waste heat recoverer (3), the raffinate channel is adjacent to and not communicated with the first pyrolysis gas channel, pyrolysis gas discharged from a gas outlet of a hearth enters the first pyrolysis gas channel, exchanges heat with raffinate entering the raffinate channel and is discharged into the air waste heat recoverer (3), and the raffinate after heating and gasification is directly sprayed onto a plasma torch of the first plasma pyrolysis generator (1).
3. The plasma pyrolysis device of high-salt content and high-concentration organic raffinate according to claim 1, wherein an air channel and a second pyrolysis gas channel are arranged in the air waste heat recoverer (4), the air channel and the second pyrolysis gas channel are adjacent and are not communicated, pyrolysis gas discharged through the raffinate waste heat recoverer (3) enters the second pyrolysis gas channel, exchanges heat with normal-temperature air entering the air channel and is discharged, and the normal-temperature air is heated and then introduced into the hearth (2).
4. The plasma pyrolysis device of high-salt content and high-concentration organic raffinate according to claim 1, wherein the first plasma pyrolysis generator (1) is of an elongated tubular structure, and the inner flame temperature of the plasma torch at the bottom of the first plasma pyrolysis generator (1) is higher than that of the outer flame.
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| CN103785667A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-14 | 常州翔宇资源再生科技有限公司 | Plasma cracking recovery production line of waste circuit board |
| CN103047659A (en) * | 2013-01-20 | 2013-04-17 | 北京华电光大新能源环保技术有限公司 | Burning process and burning boiler for processing high-density saliferous organic wastewater |
| CN203203027U (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-09-18 | 河南骏化发展股份有限公司 | Boiling furnace |
| CN105080452A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2015-11-25 | 南京三乐微波技术发展有限公司 | Supporting body for materials treated by microwaves |
| CN104676605A (en) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-06-03 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Plasma furnace for comprehensively treating solid and liquid wastes |
| CN106745417A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏帕斯玛环境科技有限公司 | Liquid waste treatment system |
| CN206631418U (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-11-14 | 王保行 | Incineration flue gas of household garbage purifier |
| CN109838794A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-04 | 北京航化节能环保技术有限公司 | A kind of water-cooling jacket incinerator and method handling salt bearing liquid wastes and exhaust gas |
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