CN110488417A - A kind of multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method based on reversed drawing cone technology - Google Patents
A kind of multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method based on reversed drawing cone technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110488417A CN110488417A CN201910698816.9A CN201910698816A CN110488417A CN 110488417 A CN110488417 A CN 110488417A CN 201910698816 A CN201910698816 A CN 201910698816A CN 110488417 A CN110488417 A CN 110488417A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2551—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding using thermal methods, e.g. fusion welding by arc discharge, laser beam, plasma torch
Abstract
It is specially a kind of based on the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method for drawing cone technology the invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber communication.The method of the present invention includes: the coat for stripping multi-core optical fiber, reversed to draw cone multi-core optical fiber, completes to cut in cladding diameter maximum;More single-core fibers are pre-processed, prepare single-core fiber beam according to the fibre core arrangement mode of multi-core optical fiber;Single-core fiber beam is stacked and is fixed in capillary glass tube, fused biconical taper, each fibre core mould field, each fibre core position, cladding diameter after so that each fibre core mould field, each fibre core position, capillary diameter is drawn cone with multi-core optical fiber beam reversal match;It is drawing cone single-core fiber portion with a tight waist to cut, is being aligned with cladding diameter maximum one end of multi-core optical fiber, completes welding.The method of the present invention can reduce alignment precision requirement, effectively improve the coupling efficiency between more single-core fibers and each core of multi-core optical fiber;Crosstalk between core when effectively inhibiting coupling, while increasing heat seal strength.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber communication, and in particular to a kind of multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method.
Background technique
With the continuous amplification of capacity of communication system in recent years, the transmission capacity of single-core fiber has been approached its physics limit.
Because power system capacity can be significantly greatly increased, it is possible to provide the multi-core optical fiber of space division multiplexing has been a great concern.However, multicore to be made
Intelligent acess existing communication system, realizes widely application, and a kind of low-loss, the high quality coupling process of low crosstalk are especially heavy
It wants.
Existing multicore optical fiber coupler is mainly the following preparation method:
First is that these methods all refer to the introducing of other non-optical fibre devices using lens method, polymer waveguide method, increases and be
System complexity, brings inconvenience to actual use.
Second is that using method for processing microporosities, such as 105204119 A of patent document CN.This method need for multi-core optical fiber,
Single-core fiber beam carries out the design and fabrication of casing punching respectively, complicated for operation, and the precision wherein punched seriously affects finally
Splice loss, splice attenuation.
Third is that using cone technology is drawn.202305881 U of patent document CN handles one layback cone of single-core fiber beam, then with
Other side multi-core optical fiber welding.This method is difficult to realize the matching of two sides optical fiber mode fields, to cause higher splice loss, splice attenuation.
105785511 B of patent document CN first corrodes single-core fiber, then is inserted into glass bushing and carries out drawing cone, then
With multi-core optical fiber welding.109239845 A of patent document CN draw at cone three times to the casing of single-core fiber beam side
Reason, then with multi-core optical fiber welding.
In above-mentioned all preparation methods, obtained splice loss, splice attenuation is related with the degree of registration of two optical fibers before welding,
If slightly misplacing in transverse direction, higher coupling or splice loss, splice attenuation finally can be all obtained.Meanwhile the position of each core is missed in multi-core optical fiber
Difference also will increase coupling or the splice loss, splice attenuation in single channel, cause the consistency of each Channel depletion poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of coupling in single channel or the much lower core fibres of splice loss, splice attenuation
Coupler preparation method.
Multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method provided by the invention is to draw cone technology based on reversed;I.e. by reversely drawing
Cone technology post-processes multi-core optical fiber, and core diameter, fibre core spacing is made to expand with cladding diameter and expand;Its advantages are at least
It can be assessed in terms of following three: first is that multi-core optical fiber core diameter increases, increase mode field diameter.Thus multi-core optical fiber with it is another
The fibre core alignment procedures of side single-core fiber beam can realize high coupling efficiency, and bring low-loss is to the susceptibility of lateral displacement
It reduces.For the single fibre core of multi-core optical fiber is aligned with a fibre core in single-core fiber beam, transversion malposition pair can be reduced
The influence of loss.For the general alignment between multiple fibre cores, after ensuring that most of fibre core is aligned, even if depositing
The transversion malposition of individual fibre cores caused by because of preparation error, since multi-core optical fiber is after reversely drawing cone, each core is to lateral position
The susceptibility of shifting reduces, therefore will not bring excessively high loss.Second is that multi-core optical fiber fibre core spacing increases, coupling is reduced
When, there is a possibility that crosstalk between core.Third is that multi-core optical fiber cladding diameter increases, diameter of section is identical at fusion point, increases
The stability of mechanical strength and long-time service.
Multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method provided by the invention based on reversed drawing cone technology, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: stripping the coat of multi-core optical fiber, and carry out optical fiber cleaning, the cone multi-core optical is reversely drawn with optical fiber to draw cone machining
Fibre, and complete to cut in cladding diameter maximum;
Step 2: identical pretreatment being carried out to more single-core fibers, is prepared according to the fibre core arrangement mode of the multi-core optical fiber single
Core fibre beam;
Step 3: the single-core fiber beam being stacked and is fixed in capillary glass tube, with optical fiber to draw cone machining fused biconical taper, is made each
Fibre core mould field, each fibre core position, capillary diameter draw each fibre core mould field after boring, each fibre core position with multi-core optical fiber beam reversal
It sets, cladding diameter matching;
Step 4: cladding diameter maximum one end pair in the waist cutting for drawing cone single-core fiber beam, with the multi-core optical fiber
Standard completes welding.
Wherein, preprocess method described in step 2 are as follows:
Use CO2Laser processing, chemical attack or abrasive polishing method remove the part of clad of the single-core fiber;
Using thermotropic expansion core technology, so that the doping of fibre core is diffused into covering nearby, expand core diameter.
Wherein, capillary glass tube described in step 3, including quartz glass tube or fluoride glass pipe or high-boron-silicon glass
Pipe.
Wherein, the parameter area of cone multi-core optical fiber is reversely drawn described in step 1 are as follows: heating advance distance is greater than 0.5 mm,
It may generally be 0.5~50 mm;Heating temperature is 2000~3300 DEG C;Heating time is greater than 5 s, may generally be 5~500 s;
Heat source swing speed is generally 0~10 mm/s;Heat source amplitude of fluctuation is generally 0~20 cm.
Wherein, described in step 3 drawing cone single-core fiber beam parameter area are as follows: heating stretching distance be greater than 0.5 mm, one
As can be 0.5~50 mm;Heating temperature is 1400~3300 DEG C;Heating time is greater than 5 s, may generally be 5~500 s;Heat
General 0~10 mm/s of source swing speed;General 0~20 cm of heat source amplitude of fluctuation.
Wherein, the parameter area of fusion process described in step 4 are as follows: predispersed fiber advance heats advancing distance from 0~20 μm
From general 1~20 μm, heating time general 0.1~5 s, 1500~3300 DEG C of heating temperature, duration and degree of heating offset or dish general 0~
50 μm。
Wherein, the heating method of the optical fiber to draw cone machining are as follows: flame heating, carbon dioxide laser heating, graphite heating
Or thermoelectric ceramics heating.The wherein flame heating method are as follows: hydrogen adds with oxygen combustion heating or butane with oxygen combustion
Heat.
Wherein, the reversed multi-core optical fiber cladding diameter for drawing cone is at least 1.1 times of original multi-core optical fiber diameter, generally
It is 2-4 times.
Wherein, the average splice loss, splice attenuation of each fibre core of the multi-core optical fiber is less than 1 dB, or less than 0.5 dB, or less than 0.2
dB。
Wherein, the fibre core number of the multi-core optical fiber is not less than 2, may generally be 2-20;For example, 7 cores, 9 cores, 12
Core, 19 cores etc..
It is proposed by the present invention based on the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method for drawing cone technology, by multi-core optical fiber into
Row post-processing, can reduce alignment precision requirement, effectively improve the optocoupler between more single-core fibers and each core of multi-core optical fiber
Efficiency is closed, and improves the consistency of each core coupling efficiency;Crosstalk between core when effectively inhibiting coupling;Increase heat seal strength simultaneously.
In addition to this, the present invention is a kind of all -fiber welding system, and system is simple, integrated level is high, will accelerate multi-core optical fiber
More practical applications in fiber optic communication systems.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention a kind of based on the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler schematic diagram for drawing cone technology.
Fig. 2 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention a kind of based on the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method for drawing cone technology
Flow chart.
Fig. 3 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention a kind of based on the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method for drawing cone technology
In, the reversed schematic diagram for drawing cone multi-core optical fiber.
Fig. 4 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention a kind of based on multi-core optical fiber in the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler for drawing cone technology
Cross section of optic fibre figure, and to multi-core optical fiber reversely draw cone after cladding diameter maximum cross-sectional view.
Figure label: 1- multi-core optical fiber, the reversed area La Zhuizhui of 2- multi-core optical fiber, 3- multi-core optical fiber reversely draw cone lumbar region, 4-
Multi-core optical fiber and single-core fiber beam welding section, 5- single-core fiber beam draw cone lumbar region, the area 6- single-core fiber Shu Lazhuizhui, 7- single
Optical fiber, 8- capillary glass tube, 9- heating source.
Specific embodiment
In order to more clearly state the purpose of the present invention and advantage, below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is made further detailed
It is thin to illustrate.It is understood that the following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..It needs
Bright, involved technical characteristic is as long as they do not conflict with each other in each embodiment of the present invention, so that it may mutually
It is combined.
Fig. 1 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention a kind of based on the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler schematic diagram for drawing cone technology, packet
Include: multi-core optical fiber 1, the reversed area La Zhuizhui 2 of multi-core optical fiber, multi-core optical fiber reversely draw cone lumbar region 3, multi-core optical fiber and single-core fiber beam
Welding section 4, single-core fiber beam draw cone lumbar region 5, the area single-core fiber Shu Lazhuizhui 6, single-core fiber 7, capillary glass tube 8.Wherein,
Single-core fiber fibre core quantity, fibre core arrangement, fibre core position and multi-core optical fiber in single-core fiber beam cone lumbar region 5 reversely draw cone lumbar region
Fibre core quantity, fibre core arrangement, fibre core position are identical in 3, and the two diameter of section at fusion point is identical.Its specific preparation method
It can be carried out according to the following steps in flow chart shown in Fig. 2:
Step 1: stripping the coat of the multi-core optical fiber and complete optical fiber cleaning, the cone multicore is reversely drawn with optical fiber to draw cone machining
Optical fiber, and complete to cut in cladding diameter maximum;
Step 2: identical pretreatment being carried out to the more single-core fibers, according to the fibre core arrangement mode system of the multi-core optical fiber
Standby single-core fiber beam;
Step 3: the single-core fiber beam being stacked and is fixed in capillary glass tube, fused biconical taper, each fibre core mould field, each fibre are made
Core position, capillary diameter draw each fibre core mould field after boring, each fibre core position, cladding diameter with multi-core optical fiber beam reversal
Match;
Step 4: cladding diameter maximum one end pair in the waist cutting for drawing cone single-core fiber beam, with the multi-core optical fiber
Standard completes welding.
In step 1, removing and cleaning that coat is carried out to multi-core optical fiber are first had to.It should be noted that for as far as possible
Removing, cleaning process is avoided to weaken fiber strength in later period use to the multi-core optical fiber surface bring micro crack, it can
Use Commercial fibers peel-off device.Cone parameter, multicore described in heating and reverse propulsion are followed by drawn by setting optical fiber to draw cone machining
Optical fiber is completed reversed draw and is bored.
Fig. 3 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention a kind of based on the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method for drawing cone technology
In, the reversed schematic diagram for drawing cone multi-core optical fiber.It is reversed draw cone technology be while heating source 9 heats optical fiber localized hyperthermia,
It is compressed, obtained structure includes the thicker uniform waist (lumbar region 3) of intermediate one section of diameter and the transition of two sides two (cone
Area 2), the transition of two sides is connected respectively to the optical fiber 1 of unprocessed part.By this technical treatment multi-core optical fiber, can obtain
To expected cladding diameter size, 1.1 times of at least original multi-core optical fiber cladding diameter;And this process can realize it is extremely low
Loss, is, for example, less than 0.5 dB, or less than 0.2 dB.It should be noted that the heating method of heating source 9 is except diagram optical fiber top
Heating is outer, can also heat below optical fiber or packaging type heats.
Fig. 4 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention a kind of based on multi-core optical fiber in the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler for drawing cone technology
Cross section of optic fibre figure, it is maximum in fibre cladding diameter and after reversely to draw multi-core optical fiber cone be 260 μm to lumbar region diameter
Place's cutting, obtained cross-sectional view.Wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is untreated multi-core optical fiber cross-sectional view, and Fig. 4 (b) is through reversed
Draw the multi-core optical fiber of cone in the cross-sectional view of cladding diameter maximum, the two is obtained under the irradiation of identical white light source
's.
Based on above to the explanation of step 1, to the multi-core optical fiber carry out the reversed parameter area for drawing cone include: pick into
Distance heats source temperature, heating time, duration and degree of heating scanning speed and range.By modifying these parameters, cladding diameter can be made maximum
Axial length, length of transition zone, the covering maximum gauge at place etc. change, to obtain expected result.According to practical need
Lumbar region length, the cone section length, covering maximum gauge wanted, determine that reversed draw bores parameter.The reversed parameter model for drawing cone multi-core optical fiber
It encloses are as follows: heating advance distance is greater than 0.5 mm, may generally be 0.5~50 mm;Heating temperature is 2000~3300 DEG C;When heating
Between be greater than 5 s, may generally be 5~500 s;General 0~10 mm/s of heat source swing speed;Heat source amplitude of fluctuation general 0~20
cm。
Based on to the description of step 2, step 2 should be observed under the microscope before and obtain the fibre of the multi-core optical fiber above
Core arrangement mode.Then operation described in step 2 can be carried out: respectively to the identical pre- place the more single-core fiber Shu Jinhang
Reason, make its can fibre core arrangement mode identical with the multi-core optical fiber stack and be fixed in capillary glass tube.
Based on above to the explanation of step 2, wherein the pretreatment operation method carried out to more single-core fibers includes: first
Class is using CO2Laser processing, the methods of chemical attack or grinding and polishing remove the part of clad of the single-core fiber;The
Two classes are to expand core diameter using thermotropic expansion core technology;Or preprocess method described above is used in mixed way.Wherein, the first kind is
By the reduction of cladding diameter, the matching of mould field, fibre core position and multi-core optical fiber is realized.It should be noted that the second class is thermotropic
Expanding core technology is by heating to optical fiber localized hyperthermia, and the germanium ion adulterated in fibre core can gradually be spread to covering, and then optical fiber
Mode field diameter become larger.This technology in the case where not changing cladding diameter, can change the mould field size of optical fiber, and this mistake
Journey can realize extremely low loss.Significantly, since the thermotropic effect for expanding core technology, each single-core fiber core diameter increase
Add.Equally may be implemented in this way and multi-core optical fiber mould field and fibre core position matching.The fibre core arrangement mode includes: fibre core
Position, the size of equivalent fibre core.
In step 3, to covering in capillary glass tube, the single-core fiber Shu Jinhang fused biconical taper for completion of having arranged.It needs
Illustrate, similar to cone process is reversely drawn in step 1, it is heating and to multi-core optical described in two side stretchings that here positive, which draws cone,
It is fine.Lumbar region length, cone section length, lumbar region diameter according to actual needs, determine to draw cone parameter.Draw the parameter of cone single-core fiber beam
Range are as follows: heating stretching distance is greater than 0.5 mm, may generally be 0.5~50 mm;Heating temperature is 1400~3300 DEG C;Heating
Time is greater than 5 s, may generally be 5~500 s;General 0~10 mm/s of heat source swing speed;Heat source amplitude of fluctuation general 0~20
cm。
In step 1 and step 3, the heating means for carrying out that cone is drawn to use have: flame heating, carbon dioxide laser heating,
Graphite heating, thermoelectric ceramics heating etc..Wherein, it burns in oxygen usually using hydrogen or butane and obtains thermal-flame.
In step 4, in the alignment procedures of multi-core optical fiber, single-core fiber beam to two sides, optical fiber splicer can be used certainly
Each corresponding fibre core of two optical fiber is aligned, keeps each fibre core algnment loss minimum by band alignment device.Reality can be passed through later
It tests under different splicing parameters, the situation of change of splice loss, splice attenuation, when finding minimum splice loss, splice attenuation, the parameter of optical fiber splicer;With most
Excellent parameter obtains minimum splice loss, splice attenuation and higher heat seal strength to the single-core fiber beam and the multi-core optical fiber welding.
Based on to the explanation of step 4, the parameter area of the optical fiber splicer includes: predispersed fiber advance from 0~20 above
μm, general 1~20 μm of advance distance is heated, heating time general 0.1~5 s, 1500~3300 DEG C of heating temperature, duration and degree of heating is inclined
It sets apart from general 0~50 μm.
It should be noted that a kind of multicore optical fiber coupler based on reversed drawing cone technology provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
Its average splice loss, splice attenuation prepared is smaller than 1 dB, or less than 0.5 dB, or less than 0.2 dB.
Based on the explanation above to Fig. 1,2,3,4, generally speaking, one kind that the embodiment of the present invention proposes is based on reversed draw and bores
The multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method of technology is, it can be achieved that following beneficial effect.By reversely drawing cone technology to post-process multi-core optical
Fibre is allowed to core diameter expansion, so that mode field diameter be made to expand.Thus multi-core optical fiber is in the fibre core with other side single-core fiber beam
Alignment procedures can realize high coupling efficiency, and bring low-loss reduces the susceptibility of lateral displacement.For multi-core optical fiber
Single fibre core can reduce influence of the transversion malposition to loss for being aligned with a fibre core in single-core fiber beam.For multiple
For general alignment between fibre core, after ensuring that most of fibre core is aligned, even if in the presence of because preparation error caused by
The transversion malposition of individual fibre cores, since multi-core optical fiber is after reversely drawing cone, each core reduces the susceptibility of lateral displacement, therefore
Excessively high loss will not be brought.In addition to this, at least also promote coupler performance in terms of following two: first is that more
Core fibre fibre core spacing increases, and when reducing coupling, a possibility that crosstalk between core occurs.Second is that multi-core optical fiber cladding diameter increases
Greatly, single-core fiber beam capillary diameter reduces, and diameter of section is identical at fusion point, increases mechanical strength and is used for a long time steady
It is qualitative.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the multi-core optical fiber is a kind of commercial seven core fibre.
It should be noted that the multi-core optical fiber has seven fibre cores, wherein there is a fibre core at center, and six fibre cores of surrounding account for
According to six angles of regular hexagon.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the single-core fiber beam is by seven single-core fibers according to the multi-core optical fiber
Fibre core arrangement mode is stacked and is fixed on and prepares in capillary glass tube.
It should be noted that multi-core optical fiber used in present example is other with different fibre core numbers, different fibres
When the multi-core optical fiber of core arrangement mode, can according to an embodiment of the present invention in provide method, preparation the other side single light
After fine beam cone, lateral cross talk when splice loss, splice attenuation is low, each core splice loss, splice attenuation consistency is strong, heat seal strength is high, inhibition couples is prepared
Multicore optical fiber coupler., but it is preferable that provided in an embodiment of the present invention is a kind of commercial seven core fibre.
Finally, the present processes are only preferable embodiment, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of based on the reversed multicore optical fiber coupler preparation method for drawing cone technology, which is characterized in that specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: stripping the coat of multi-core optical fiber, and carry out optical fiber cleaning, the cone multi-core optical is reversely drawn with optical fiber to draw cone machining
Fibre, and complete to cut in cladding diameter maximum;
Step 2: identical pretreatment being carried out to more single-core fibers, is prepared according to the fibre core arrangement mode of the multi-core optical fiber single
Core fibre beam;
Step 3: the single-core fiber beam being stacked and is fixed in capillary glass tube, with optical fiber to draw cone machining fused biconical taper, is made each
Fibre core mould field, each fibre core position, capillary diameter draw each fibre core mould field after boring, each fibre core position with multi-core optical fiber beam reversal
It sets, cladding diameter matching;
Step 4: cladding diameter maximum one end pair in the waist cutting for drawing cone single-core fiber beam, with the multi-core optical fiber
Standard completes welding.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that preprocess method described in step 2 are as follows:
Use CO2Laser processing, chemical attack or abrasive polishing method remove the part of clad of the single-core fiber;
Using thermotropic expansion core technology, so that the doping of fibre core is diffused into covering nearby, expand core diameter.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that capillary glass tube described in step 3 is quartz glass
Pipe, fluoride glass pipe or high-boron-silicon glass pipe.
4. the preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that reversely draw cone multi-core optical fiber described in step 1
Parameter area are as follows: heating advance distance is greater than 0.5 mm;Heating temperature is 2000~3300 DEG C;Heating time is greater than 5 s;Heat
Source swing speed is 0~10 mm/s;Heat source amplitude of fluctuation is 0~20 cm.
5. preparation method described according to claim 1~one of 4, which is characterized in that the single-core fiber of drawing cone described in step 3
The parameter area of beam are as follows: heating stretching distance is greater than 0.5 mm;Heating temperature is 1400~3300 DEG C;Heating time is greater than 5
s;Heat source swing speed is 0~10 mm/s;Heat source amplitude of fluctuation is 0~20 cm.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the parameter area of fusion process described in step 4
Are as follows: predispersed fiber advance is from 0~20 μm, and heating advance distance is 1~20 μm, and heating time is 0.1~5 s, and heating temperature is
1500~3300 DEG C, duration and degree of heating offset or dish is 0~50 μm.
7. according to claim 1~4, preparation method described in one of 6, which is characterized in that the heating side of the optical fiber to draw cone machining
Formula are as follows: flame heating, carbon dioxide laser heating, graphite heating or thermoelectric ceramics heating;The wherein flame heating method
Are as follows: hydrogen and oxygen combustion heating or butane and oxygen combustion heat.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the reversed multi-core optical fiber cladding diameter for drawing cone is extremely
It is less 1.1 times of original multi-core optical fiber diameter.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the average splice loss, splice attenuation of each fibre core of the multi-core optical fiber is small
In 1 dB.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the fibre core number of the multi-core optical fiber is not less than 2.
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CN111552034A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-18 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Multi-core optical fiber MXN type multi-path beam splitter |
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