CN110467788A - 一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110467788A
CN110467788A CN201910622872.4A CN201910622872A CN110467788A CN 110467788 A CN110467788 A CN 110467788A CN 201910622872 A CN201910622872 A CN 201910622872A CN 110467788 A CN110467788 A CN 110467788A
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吴森
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Abstract

本发明提供一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料及其制备方法,涉及玻璃钢加工技术领域。所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料由以下重量份的原料制成:玻璃纤维20‑22份、环氧树脂14‑20份、聚四氟乙烯乳液16‑20份、石墨烯1‑2份、水性丙烯酸树脂10‑12份、玄武岩纤维4‑6份、乙炔炭黑2‑4份、二氧化钼3‑4份、磷酸钙1‑3份、石英石粉末1‑1.8份、煤矸石粉末3‑4份、氟硼酸镍1‑2份、3,5‑二硝基‑3,5‑二氮杂庚烷2‑4份、增塑剂3‑4份、抗氧化剂2‑3份、固化剂1‑2份。本发明克服了现有技术的不足,采用多种树脂成分和胶粘成分混合提升产品的稳定性,添加多种纤维成分保证产品的强度,同时提升玻璃钢的耐腐蚀性能,且制备工艺简单、成本低适宜推广生产。

Description

一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃钢加工技术领域,具体涉及一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
玻璃钢(fiberglass)亦称作GFRP,即纤维强化塑料,是指用玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯、环氧树脂与酚醛树脂基体,玻璃纤维(Glassfiber)、碳纤维或硼纤维等为增强材料,经过复合工艺而制成的复合材料。
玻璃钢作为一种复合材料可根据其使用范围的不同对其配方进行相应的调整,以满足在航空航天、铁道铁路、装饰建筑、家居家具、广告展示等多个领域的使用,但是由于玻璃钢的主要材料为树脂和玻璃纤维,在某些高腐蚀的特殊环境下使用寿命低,进一步限制了玻璃钢的经济价值。
经检索申请号为CN201811373335.2的“一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢及其制造工艺”为解决玻璃钢耐腐蚀问题提供一种材料配方和制备工艺,但是其配方中金属成分含量较大,树脂和胶粘成分含量较小,在制备成品后虽然能起到耐腐蚀作用,但是稳定性差,且材料的强度也相应降低,并且成本较高,许多领域均不适合使用,所以研发一款能保证高稳定性和高强度性能的同时提升其耐腐蚀性能的玻璃钢是现阶段一大方向。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足,本发明提供一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料及其制备方法,采用多种树脂成分和胶粘成分混合提升产品的稳定性,添加多种纤维成分保证产品的强度,同时提升玻璃钢的耐腐蚀性能,且制备工艺简单、成本低适宜推广生产。
为实现以上目的,本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料,所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料由以下重量份的原料制成:玻璃纤维20-22份、环氧树脂14-20份、聚四氟乙烯乳液16-20份、石墨烯1-2份、水性丙烯酸树脂10-12份、玄武岩纤维4-6份、乙炔炭黑2-4份、二氧化钼3-4份、磷酸钙1-3份、石英石粉末1-1.8份、煤矸石粉末3-4份、氟硼酸镍1-2份、3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷2-4份、增塑剂3-4份、抗氧化剂2-3份、固化剂1-2份。
优选的,所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的至少一种。
优选的,所述抗氧化剂为二苯胺、2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、硫代二丙酸双酯质量比3∶2∶1的混合物。
优选的,所述固化剂为钛酸正丁酯、过氧化二异丙苯质量比3∶2的混合物。
所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将环氧树脂加入石英石粉末、石墨烯、磷酸钙和3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷混合于反应釜中高温高压静置改性,得改性环氧树脂备用;
(2)将聚四氟乙烯乳液、水性丙烯酸树脂加入玻璃纤维和玄武岩纤维于60-80℃恒温环境下高速搅拌,得混合料A备用;
(3)将乙炔炭黑、二氧化钼、煤矸石粉末和氟硼酸镍混合研磨过100目筛后加入上述改性环氧树脂中进行超声震荡均质,得混合料B备用;
(4)将上述混合料A和混合料B混合,再加入增塑剂、抗氧化剂和固化剂于高压反应釜中高温高压缓慢搅拌120-140℃,后快速泄压,倒入模具中缓慢降温定型,得本发明耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中高温高压改性的温度为80-85℃,压强为20-22MPa,静置时间为60-80min。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中高速搅拌的转速为1000-1200r/min,搅拌时间为80-90min。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为280-300W,频率为22KHz-25KHz,时间为18-20min。
优选的,所述步骤(4)中高温高压缓慢搅拌的温度为110-120℃,压强为12-14MPa,搅拌转速为120-150r/min,搅拌时间为35-40min。
本发明提供一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料及其制备方法,与现有技术相比优点在于:
(1)本发明采用环氧树脂、聚四氟乙烯乳液、水性丙烯酸树脂为主要树脂材料,复合添加玻璃纤维和玄武岩纤维,有效增强产品的强度,并且对环氧树脂进行石英石粉末、石墨烯、磷酸钙和3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷混个高温高压改性,进一步提升产品的稳定性。同时增强产品耐酸碱性能。
(2)本发明添加乙炔炭黑、二氧化钼、煤矸石粉末和氟硼酸镍通过研磨后与基料超声震荡,使得产品混合均匀,提升其稳定性,并且乙炔炭黑、二氧化钼、煤矸石粉末和氟硼酸镍的添加,有效提升产品的耐腐蚀性能,增强使用寿命。
(3)本发明原料方便获取、配比合理,且制备工艺简单,生产成本低,且综合性能优越,适宜推广生产,具有较高的经济价值。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料,所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料由以下重量份的原料制成:玻璃纤维20份、环氧树脂14份、聚四氟乙烯乳液16份、石墨烯1份、水性丙烯酸树脂10份、玄武岩纤维4份、乙炔炭黑2份、二氧化钼3份、磷酸钙1份、石英石粉末1份、煤矸石粉末3份、氟硼酸镍1份、3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷2份、增塑剂3份、抗氧化剂2份、固化剂1份。
所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的至少一种;所述抗氧化剂为二苯胺、2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、硫代二丙酸双酯质量比3∶2∶1的混合物;所述固化剂为钛酸正丁酯、过氧化二异丙苯质量比3∶2的混合物。
所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将环氧树脂加入石英石粉末、石墨烯、磷酸钙和3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷混合于反应釜中高温高压静置改性,得改性环氧树脂备用;
(2)将聚四氟乙烯乳液、水性丙烯酸树脂加入玻璃纤维和玄武岩纤维于60-80℃恒温环境下高速搅拌,得混合料A备用;
(3)将乙炔炭黑、二氧化钼、煤矸石粉末和氟硼酸镍混合研磨过100目筛后加入上述改性环氧树脂中进行超声震荡均质,得混合料B备用;
(4)将上述混合料A和混合料B混合,再加入增塑剂、抗氧化剂和固化剂于高压反应釜中高温高压缓慢搅拌120-140℃,后快速泄压,倒入模具中缓慢降温定型,得本发明耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料。
其中,所述步骤(1)中高温高压改性的温度为80-85℃,压强为20-22MPa,静置时间为60-80min;所述步骤(2)中高速搅拌的转速为1000-1200r/min,搅拌时间为80-90min;所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为280-300W,频率为22KHz-25KHz,时间为18-20min;所述步骤(4)中高温高压缓慢搅拌的温度为110-120℃,压强为12-14MPa,搅拌转速为120-150r/min,搅拌时间为35-40min。
实施例2:
一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料,所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料由以下重量份的原料制成:玻璃纤维22份、环氧树脂20份、聚四氟乙烯乳液20份、石墨烯2份、水性丙烯酸树脂12份、玄武岩纤维6份、乙炔炭黑4份、二氧化钼4份、磷酸钙3份、石英石粉末1.8份、煤矸石粉末4份、氟硼酸镍2份、3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷4份、增塑剂4份、抗氧化剂3份、固化剂2份。
所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的至少一种;所述抗氧化剂为二苯胺、2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、硫代二丙酸双酯质量比3∶2∶1的混合物;所述固化剂为钛酸正丁酯、过氧化二异丙苯质量比3∶2的混合物。
所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将环氧树脂加入石英石粉末、石墨烯、磷酸钙和3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷混合于反应釜中高温高压静置改性,得改性环氧树脂备用;
(2)将聚四氟乙烯乳液、水性丙烯酸树脂加入玻璃纤维和玄武岩纤维于60-80℃恒温环境下高速搅拌,得混合料A备用;
(3)将乙炔炭黑、二氧化钼、煤矸石粉末和氟硼酸镍混合研磨过100目筛后加入上述改性环氧树脂中进行超声震荡均质,得混合料B备用;
(4)将上述混合料A和混合料B混合,再加入增塑剂、抗氧化剂和固化剂于高压反应釜中高温高压缓慢搅拌120-140℃,后快速泄压,倒入模具中缓慢降温定型,得本发明耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料。
其中,所述步骤(1)中高温高压改性的温度为80-85℃,压强为20-22MPa,静置时间为60-80min;所述步骤(2)中高速搅拌的转速为1000-1200r/min,搅拌时间为80-90min;所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为280-300W,频率为22KHz-25KHz,时间为18-20min;所述步骤(4)中高温高压缓慢搅拌的温度为110-120℃,压强为12-14MPa,搅拌转速为120-150r/min,搅拌时间为35-40min。
实施例3:
一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料,所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料由以下重量份的原料制成:玻璃纤维21份、环氧树脂17份、聚四氟乙烯乳液18份、石墨烯1.5份、水性丙烯酸树脂11份、玄武岩纤维5份、乙炔炭黑3份、二氧化3.5份、磷酸钙2份、石英石粉末1.4份、煤矸石粉末3.5份、氟硼酸镍1.5份、3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷3份、增塑剂3.5份、抗氧化剂2.5份、固化剂1.5份。
所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的至少一种;所述抗氧化剂为二苯胺、2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、硫代二丙酸双酯质量比3∶2∶1的混合物;所述固化剂为钛酸正丁酯、过氧化二异丙苯质量比3∶2的混合物。
所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将环氧树脂加入石英石粉末、石墨烯、磷酸钙和3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷混合于反应釜中高温高压静置改性,得改性环氧树脂备用;
(2)将聚四氟乙烯乳液、水性丙烯酸树脂加入玻璃纤维和玄武岩纤维于60-80℃恒温环境下高速搅拌,得混合料A备用;
(3)将乙炔炭黑、二氧化钼、煤矸石粉末和氟硼酸镍混合研磨过100目筛后加入上述改性环氧树脂中进行超声震荡均质,得混合料B备用;
(4)将上述混合料A和混合料B混合,再加入增塑剂、抗氧化剂和固化剂于高压反应釜中高温高压缓慢搅拌120-140℃,后快速泄压,倒入模具中缓慢降温定型,得本发明耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料。
其中,所述步骤(1)中高温高压改性的温度为80-85℃,压强为20-22MPa,静置时间为60-80min;所述步骤(2)中高速搅拌的转速为1000-1200r/min,搅拌时间为80-90min;所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为280-300W,频率为22KHz-25KHz,时间为18-20min;所述步骤(4)中高温高压缓慢搅拌的温度为110-120℃,压强为12-14MPa,搅拌转速为120-150r/min,搅拌时间为35-40min。
实施例4:
检测上述实施例1-3所得玻璃钢的机械性能和耐酸碱腐蚀性能。
(1)选取上述实施例1-3所得产品为实验组1-3,普通的聚酯玻璃钢为对照组,检测各实验组和对照组的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和压缩强度,结果如表1所示;
(2)将上述实验组和对照组材料截取相同大小后采用浓度为5.2%的氢氧化钠和浓度6.4%的盐酸分别进行浸泡试验,后浸泡1月后,检测其弯曲强度和质量变化,计算材料的弯曲强度保留率结果如表2所示;
表1
检测 实验组1 实验组2 实验组3 对照组
拉伸强度 299.67MPa 302.01MPa 287.67MPa 295.32MPa
弯曲强度 320.12MPa 314.65MPa 309.28MPa 293.28MPa
压缩强度 241.08MPa 245.32MPa 238.27MPa 198.38MPa
表2
由上表可知本发明所得玻璃钢在保证其力学性能的同时,极大地提升了耐腐蚀性能,适宜推广使用。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料,其特征在于,所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料由以下重量份的原料制成:玻璃纤维20-22份、环氧树脂14-20份、聚四氟乙烯乳液16-20份、石墨烯1-2份、水性丙烯酸树脂10-12份、玄武岩纤维4-6份、乙炔炭黑2-4份、二氧化钼3-4份、磷酸钙1-3份、石英石粉末1-1.8份、煤矸石粉末3-4份、氟硼酸镍1-2份、3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷2-4份、增塑剂3-4份、抗氧化剂2-3份、固化剂1-2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料,其特征在于:所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料,其特征在于:所述抗氧化剂为二苯胺、2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、硫代二丙酸双酯质量比3∶2∶1的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料,其特征在于:所述固化剂为钛酸正丁酯、过氧化二异丙苯质量比3∶2的混合物。
5.一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将环氧树脂加入石英石粉末、石墨烯、磷酸钙和3,5-二硝基-3,5-二氮杂庚烷混合于反应釜中高温高压静置改性,得改性环氧树脂备用;
(2)将聚四氟乙烯乳液、水性丙烯酸树脂加入玻璃纤维和玄武岩纤维于60-80℃恒温环境下高速搅拌,得混合料A备用;
(3)将乙炔炭黑、二氧化钼、煤矸石粉末和氟硼酸镍混合研磨过100目筛后加入上述改性环氧树脂中进行超声震荡均质,得混合料B备用;
(4)将上述混合料A和混合料B混合,再加入增塑剂、抗氧化剂和固化剂于高压反应釜中高温高压缓慢搅拌120-140℃,后快速泄压,倒入模具中缓慢降温定型,得本发明耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中高温高压改性的温度为80-85℃,压强为20-22MPa,静置时间为60-80min。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中高速搅拌的转速为1000-1200r/min,搅拌时间为80-90min。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中超声震荡均质的功率为280-300W,频率为22KHz-25KHz,时间为18-20min。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐腐蚀玻璃钢复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中高温高压缓慢搅拌的温度为110-120℃,压强为12-14MPa,搅拌转速为120-150r/min,搅拌时间为35-40min。
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