CN110464803A - 一种用于降低血压的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有降血压作用的组合物及其制备方法,该药物组合包括35种中草药,本发明组合物由天然中草药和人体必需的微量元组合后,按照本领域常规制剂方法制备成任何一种临床上可接受的适宜药物制剂,制备方法科学简单,无任何副作用,适合各个年龄段人群服用。本发明制备的具有降血压作用的组合物既能改善了脑供血,又能促进胃肠消化吸收功能,扩张脑部、颈椎动脉及四肢毛细血管,达到降低血压作用的目的,疗效显著,有效率97.5%,临床治愈率48.9%。对于病症轻,患病时间短者可以恢复血管弹性达到临床治愈的效果。在调理机体降低血压的同时,具有良好的降血脂、降血糖作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于降低血压的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,随着我国经济社会的快速发展,人们的生活环境和生活方式发生了巨大的变化,身边的疾病越来越多,“三高”人群急剧上升,高血压、高血脂、高血糖,尤其是高血压的高复发率、高致残率、高死亡率呈现逐年增长的趋势,其危害性一点也不亚于癌症。我国的高血压患者已经达到3.3亿多人,平均每3个成人中就有1人是高血压患者,老年人则更高。高血压病成为老年人的主要心脑血管疾病之一,严重威胁着老年人的身体健康。高血压是以体循环动脉压增高为主要表现的临床综合症,是最常见的心血管疾病。高血压可分为原发性及继发性两大类。在绝大多数患者中,高血压的病因不明,称之为原发性高血压,占总高血压者的95%以上;在不足5%患者中,血压升高是某些疾病的一种临床表现,本身有明确而独立的病因,称为继发性高血压。
原发性高血压,又称高血压病,通常起病缓慢,早期常无症状,多年自觉良好而偶于体格检查时发现血压升高,少数患者则在发生心、脑、肾等并发症后才能被发现。原发性高血压的病因尚未阐明,目前认为是在一定的遗传背景下由于多种后天环境因素作用使正常血压调节机制失代偿所致。原发性高血压的病因为各种原因(如血液粘稠度增高、精神因素导致的全身小动脉收缩等)导致的重要脏器如脑、心、肾的血供相对和(或)绝对不足,为了满足以上脏器尤其是肾脏的供血,从而引发血压调节机制的调节,调节性的导致血压升高。所以,并非血压调节机制失代偿,而是代偿性调节性升高。按照以上理论,以补血活血法为主要治疗原则,治疗原发性高血压能取得比较理想的效果,对于早期高血压病,基本可以治愈。
近年来,抗高血压药物发展迅速,根据不同患者的特点可单用和联合应用各类降压药。目前常用降压药物主要分为六大类,即利尿剂、钙通道阻滞剂、血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂、a-受阻滞剂及管管紧张素II受体阻滞剂。多年来西医具有降低血压作用主要采用利血平、尼莫地平、倍他乐克、罗布麻等西药,化学药物虽然作用迅速,但是降压过程中血压波动大,副作用大,并易形成药物依赖。所以西药降压药需要长期服用,不能间断,但是我国不少中草药复方剂其降压作用温和,毒副作用小,对各种类型的血压高病症具有显著疗效,价格低廉受到患者的欢迎。
现有技术的缺点:
1.伴随着经济社会的快速发展,高血压病成为人类健康的第三大杀手,致死致残率飞速上升的同时,国内医疗行业中医西化,西药降压药越吃越多,病情越来越严重,各种并发症越来越严重。
2.民间许多患者在西药治疗的同时不断寻求偏方、验方、秘方、单方釆用对症下药,辨证施治,效果甚微,治疗时间长。
人们逐渐认识到中医学领域探索研究有新的突破,逐渐认识到从饮食调理至关重要,不断寻求药食同源和单方食疗的食用效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述技术问题存在的不足,提供一种用于降低血压的中药组合物及其制备方法,该组合物取材于广泛的普通中药材料或者其提取物,并添加微量元素,调节人体的酸碱平衡,提高人体的免疫力,从而达到降低血压,缓解高血压病的目的,在降低血压的医学史上成为新的突破点。
本发明使用了35种中草药为基本方,配以先进的工艺流程,采用达标精选,清洗、净化、熬制提取、粉化合成后,运用干、湿发酵、超微粉、超声波震动等新技术,结合科学配伍达到自然,环保,安全,健康有效之目的。
为了实现上述目的,本发明是通过如下的技术方案来实现:
一种用于降低血压的中药组合物,包括以下重量份数的物质组成: 原始料为35种中草药: 罗布麻6-10份,杜仲10-30份,茺蔚子10-30份,地骨皮10-30份,牡丹皮5-20份,野菊花15-30份,生槐花10-30份,黄芩10-30份,黄芪30-80份,桑白皮15-30份,缬草10-18份,酸枣根皮10-30份,葛根15-30份,夏枯草15-30份,地龙10-20份,玄参10-30份,益母草10-30份,决明子10-30份,淫羊藿10-30份,银杏叶10-30份,丹参18-30份,钩藤18-30份,三七10-18份,石决明30-45份,鸡血藤15-30份,川芎12-30份,玉竹18-30份,麦门冬18-30份,红景天18-30份,天麻12-24份,鬼针草15-60份,棕榈叶45份,青木香18份,臭梧桐叶30份,山楂30份;加入微量元素,门冬氨酸钾2-6份、门冬氨酸镁2-5份。
本发明的这种用于降低血压的中药组合物的制备方法为:
步骤一、原始料以单品精选、清洗、净化、风干,分别粉碎成粗粉,粗粉的粒度为24-50目,混合均匀,制成粗粉混合物备用,分成三份;
步骤二、第一份粗粉混合物放入密封瓷器中,温度在25-30度下,自然发酵5-7天,发酵完成后,用清水清洗晾干,得到干发酵粗粉混合物;第二份粗粉混合物用纯净水进行淋洗,加入第二份粗粉混合物总重量的2-5%的纤维素酶,进行超声波震动20-30分钟,充分搅拌,然后对粗粉混合物进行密封发酵,温度在25-30度下,发酵1-3天,发酵后,进行6-8次的清洗、压榨,晾干,得到湿发酵粗粉混合物;第三份粗粉混合物进行自然晾干;把第一份、第二份和第三份混合物进行混合,得到混合粗粉混合物;把混合粗粉混合物进行研磨,得到超微粉混合物, 超微粉混合物的粒度在0.1μm—10μm ;
步骤三、在步骤二得到的超微粉混合物中,加入小分子能量水浸泡60分钟,制得浸泡混合料,加入的小分子能量水的重量与超微粉混合物的总重量之比为6:1;
步骤四、将浸泡混合料置于中药多功能提取釜中,开启多功能提取釜电源进行加热到100℃,保持在此温度下恒温提起2小时,制得第一提取混合物,然后过滤,得到第一次提取液备用;向滤渣中加入小分子能量水,加入的小能分水的重量与滤渣的重量之比为2:1,加热提取,加热温度为100℃,提取时间为2小时,过滤得到第二次提取液;将两次提取液合并后置于三效真空高能蒸发浓缩器内,减压至相对压力为-0.07Mpa,加热至80℃,将提取液浓缩成比重为1.30的浸膏,然后于45—50℃下进行干燥,得到干浸膏;将干浸膏粉碎成100—150目的细粉后,添加门冬氨酸钾2-6份、门冬氨酸镁2-5份,混合均匀,装入明胶硬胶囊,即得这种用于降低血压的中药组合物。
其中所有步骤中份数均为重量份数。
其中在本发明的制备方法过程中,本组方的药用作用与所有用水质有很大关系,不可用自来水、矿泉水,制备方法中全部使用小分子能量水。
其中步骤一中,粗粉的粒度为24-50目,不能太细,也不能太粗,是为了后续干、湿发酵的工艺,能最大程度提取物质中的药用成分。
其中步骤二中的第一份粗粉混合物干发酵后,可最大程度的保持中药营养成分,并且可提高最终产品的醇度。
其中步骤二中的第二份粗粉混合物浸泡进行超声波震动20-30分钟,是为了将粗粉混合物的细胞壁打破,让其释放细胞内部的γ氨基丁酸和植物淳等物质。
其中步骤二中加粗粉混合物总重量的2-5%的纤维素酶,是为了纤维素酶可以打破粗粉混合物细胞壁的结构,破坏细胞壁的结构,使细胞内的成分溶解,从而达到提取的目的。
其中在步骤三中研磨后的这35味中药超微粉混合物的粒度在0.1μm—10μm,由于这35味中药均质地坚硬,一般的破碎无法完全打破这35味中药的细胞壁,因为细胞中有效药用成份的溶出需穿过数个甚至数十个细胞壁, 而且相当一部分细胞成份不可能穿过细胞壁,这一部分只能白白浪费掉,因此无法使细胞内的有效成分全部充分释放出来,本发明通过研磨的方式使其达到超微粉,使细胞内的有效成分全部充分释放出来,从而提高药材的生物利用度,而且研磨后的这35味中药混合粉末粒度很细小,更有利于人体对药物的吸收利用。
其中步骤四中的将干浸膏粉碎成100—150目的细粉,是因为细粉已经达到超微粉,不仅利于人体的吸收,使本发明中全部药效发挥出来,而且,可以提高服用者的口感,不感觉到服药的痛苦。
本发明的组合物选择罗布麻、杜仲、茺蔚子、地骨皮、牡丹皮、野菊花、生槐花、黄芩、黄芪、桑白皮、缬草、酸枣根皮、葛根、夏枯草、地龙、玄参、益母草、决明子、淫羊藿、银杏叶、丹参、钩藤、三七、石决明、鸡血藤、川芎、玉竹、麦门冬、红景天、天麻、鬼针草、棕榈叶、青木香、臭梧桐叶、山楂进行组合制备,配以先进的工艺流程,采用达标精选,清洗、净化、熬制提取、粉化合成后,运用干、湿发酵、超微粉、超声波震动等新技术,充分提取了原始料中的药用价值,配以添加微量元素,调节人体的酸碱平衡,提高人体的免疫力, 尤其加入适量的镁离子, 镁离子会促进钙的吸收,从而克服了补钙人群的会造成微量元素在人体的均衡,使人体电解质紊乱等危险,使人体中钙与镁之间必须达到一种平衡才能确保两种微量元素都能得到合理利用。加入适量的钾离子,当人体在摄入高钠而导致高血压时,钾可以排出体内多余的钠盐,将血压稳定在正常状态,因此适量的钾具有降血压作用,并且钾可以调节细胞内适宜的渗透压和体液的酸碱平衡,有助于维持神经健康、心跳规律正常,可以预防中风,并协助肌肉正常收缩。
本发明各药材中的活性成分产生协同作用,相互增进改善椎,动脉、脑部血液、外周血液和胃部血液循环的功用、解除脑及外周血管痉挛作用、利水降压,降低舒张压的目的,加上补充人体矿物元素钾、镁的共同参与作用下,修复五脏、平衡阴阳、改善体循环,从而达到治疗原发性高血压的功效。
本发明在加工过程中选用药材非常重要,如本方中根据中医五行理论,精选广西大明山夏枯草,属金,金主肺。四川峨眉山茺蔚子,属木,本主肝。云南苍山决明子,属水,水主肾。广东丹霞山大叶钩藤,属火,火主心。河南云台山黄芩,属土,土主脾。五山、五草,金、木、水、火、土,五行相生相克来配伍。
本方釆用35种植物成分中的有效果提取组合物成品,适应胶囊、颗粒、压片的合成制作。在本组方中可以配比添加人体必备的矿物质微量元素一钾元素、镁元素,其降血压作用更为显著,效果持久,疗效更加确切。
本发明具有如下优点:
1.本发明的组合物选择的35种中草药,取材于广泛的普遍中草药材料或者其提取物,不拘泥于常法常方,针对高血压“反跳”的不同病因病机,打破了临床中的常规治疗单味或多味联合用药后效果不佳、血压不稳定、并发症越来越多或加重,单纯降低血压而不能从根本上去调理五脏六腑、平衡阴阳、改善体循环、改善血液、补充人体缺乏的微量矿物质元素综合调理治疗高血压病。
2.本发明的该具有降低血压作用的组合物针对原发性高血压和继发性高血压的发病病因及病机,利用35种中草药的活性成分的相互协同作用,相互增进改善椎动脉、脑部血液、外周血液和胃部血液循环的功用,解除脑及外周血管痉挛作用,改善血液粘稠、降低动脉粥样硬化、益气活血、行气祛瘀、保护血管内皮、修复血管损伤、增强血管弹性。通过①疏肝理气,将顺肝木之性;②行气活血,调理气血郁滞;③降胃安冲,有利肝阳下潜;④温肝散寒,以利浊阴下降;⑤.温化痰饮,斡旋中焦气机;⑥温阳利水,以助膀胱气化;⑦解表散寒,疏通太阳经输;降肝火、降胃气、降血脂、降血液黏度、利水降压、降低舒张压的目的,达到平稳有效降压、逆转心肌肥厚、减轻心衰以及预防房颤电重构、改善高血压患者胰岛素抵抗、促进尿酸的排泄、减少蛋白、保护肾脏,显著降低心脏和脑卒中血管事件发生的危险。诸药合用共同配合达到降低血压的作用,从而达到治疗原发性高血压和继发性高血压的功效,大大减轻了高血压病并发症,彻底解决了高血压患者长期服药带来的痛苦,为高血压患者打开了健康之门,给高血压患者点燃了生命延续的希望。
3.本发明所述的具有降低血压作用的组合物由35种天然中草药成分复合而成,能有效的针对高血压的发病机理,尤其是各种原因引起的脑部供血不足所致的原发性高血压,改善机体的血液循环,提高机体免疫能力,增强血管收缩和扩张能力,恢复血管弹性,达到降低血压的特效功效。其中的降低血压的活性成分,相互协同作用可以有效地舒张血管,有效地降低和抑制血压升高,达到降低机体血压的作用,治疗和预防高血压。
4.本发明的组合物配伍纵观全方、前后照应、配比得当,药物为常用之品,作用上无偏盛,达到平衡心脑肝肾阴阳、益气活血、舒筋活络、软化血管、降血脂、降血压、提高心肌动力,扩张和软化脑部和外周血管,改善血液循环,提高机体免疫能力,有效消除头痛、头晕、失眠、心悸等症状,彻底治愈高血压病,停药后不反弹。
5.本发明制备的具有降低血压作用的组合物,既改善了脑部供血,又促进了胃肠消化吸收功能,扩张脑部、颈椎椎动脉及四肢毛细血管,达到降低血压的目的。
6.本发明制备的具有降低血压作用的组合物,对高血压的疗效显著,总有效率达到96%以上,而且对颈椎病、慢性胃炎、消化不良等病症也具有一定的疗效。
本发明创新地把35味的纯天然中草药与微量元素,钾元素、镁元素进行完美地有机组合,其降血压作用更为显著,效果持久,疗效更加确切。本发明不仅成本低、工艺简单、无副作用。
根据临床实验数据中可得到,本发明技术的有益效果在降低血压过程中的如下优势:
一、疗效好、治疗机理科学、明确、标本兼治。
1.能够快速平稳降血压,见效快。
2.能够改善高血压病并发症,改善患者生活质量。
3.不仅补充人体微量元素,而且能修复与增强血管弹性,保证从根本上康复。
二、平稳降血压同时调节血脂,在针对高血压病康复同时保护血管与心脑器官。
心、脑血管疾病与高血压病分列威胁人类生命疾病的前两位。68%的高血压病患者伴有心、脑血管疾病,这类患者死亡率极其高。心、脑血管疾病的罪魁祸首是高血脂。本组合物具有降血压、血脂双向调节,康复事半功倍。
三、组方科学,原料天然,无毒副作用。
本组合物与植物提取的纯天然制剂,生物活性是普通降血压产品的十倍以上。经临床验证本组合物无任何毒副作用,不伤肝、肾,高血压患者可以长期放心服用。
四、高端剂型,起作用快、吸收好、疗效显著。
本组合物剂型先进、科技含量高。服用后易吸收、起作用快、疗效显著,明显优于传统的配方。
五、不用终身服药。
本组合物的有用成分超浓缩,突破了以往制剂对肠胃的刺激和不适反应,亦打破了传统中草药用量大、吸收少等缺点,确保了人体对药物的充分吸收和利用。大幅度缩短了药物的治疗期,达到短期康复停药的目的。
1.罗布麻:平肝降压。味淡涩性凉,平肝熄风清热,有平肝降压、清热利尿之功效,常用于肝阳上亢或肝热型高血压症,尤其适用于头晕、头痛、头胀、烦躁、失眠患者有良好作用。罗布麻是中医中最常用的治疗高血压的中药。可单用,亦可配伍夏枯草、钩藤、野菊花同服。
2.杜仲:降低血压。性味甘温,有补肝肾、强筋骨、安胎降压功效,与石决明、夏枯草、白芍等配伍可降血压,且对体虚之人降血压无寒凉之弊。对血压具有双向调节作用,杜仲含有多种不饱和脂肪酸,能够帮助高血压患者预防并发症心肌梗死等众多心脑血管性疾病。杜仲作为治疗高血压的中药也很常用。
3.夏枯草:清火降压。性寒,味辛,苦。清肝火,散郁结,化痰,降血压作用。由于本品有良好的清泄肝火作用,用于高血压病属肝热、阳亢者。夏枯草提取物对去甲肾上腺素引起的血管收缩有对抗作用,可以舒张血管,产生显著持久的降血压作用。常用于治疗高血压病具有头痛、目眩、耳鸣、烦热、失眠等肝热证候者,可配伍决明子、黄芩、菊花等。常与苦丁茶、野菊花配伍降压效果会更好。
4.葛根:扩张血管降压。味甘辛性凉,是常用的祛风解表药,能扩张冠脉血管和脑血管,增加冠脉血流量和脑血流量。葛根能直接扩张血管,使外周阻力下降,而有明显降压作用。临床报道用于治疗高血压伴有颈项强痛者疗效显著。常与钩藤等配伍治疗高血压病,降血压效果明显,对高血压引起的头痛、头晕、肢麻、耳鸣等症状有良效。
5.决明子:降脂又降压。味甘性寒,清肝明目,润肠通便,明显降低收缩压、舒张压,有降低血脂及血压功效。对于防治血管硬化与高血压病有一定疗效。它的药理作用主要表现在降血压、血脂以及通便方面。尤其对于伴有烦躁、爱发火、头痛眩晕等情况的肝阳上亢型高血压患者,有明显的降血压作用。
6.石决明:改善头晕头痛。具有清热去火,保肝明目,镇静,降血压,补钙的作用。改善头晕头痛。味咸性寒,有清肝明目、平肝潜阳功效,适用于肝肾阴虚,肝阳上亢所致的头晕目眩等证,常与生地、白芍、钩藤、野菊花生龙骨、生牡蛎等配伍善尤其适用于高血压头晕头痛者。
7.茺蔚子:活血降压。具有清热解毒,利水消肿,活血行气,凉肝明目的作用。活血降压。茺蔚子,是益母草的果实,味甘性微寒,能活血调经、降血压,常与决明子、生地、钩藤等配伍用于治疗原发性高血压病。
8.地骨皮:有效降压。味甘、淡,性寒。有清虚热,凉血功能。用于阴虚发热、盗汗、心烦、口渴、肺热咳喘、咯血、吐血、衄血、消渴、高血压等症。药理研究表明,地骨皮具有明显的降血压及降低血糖的作用。煎剂先使血糖短时间升高,然后持久降低。
9.牡丹皮:显著降压。其实就是我们常常见到的牡丹花的根皮,牡丹皮是一种非常名贵的药材,用水煎服,有明显的降血压作用。不过在服用过程中还有许多禁忌需要注意,例如:体寒、血虚患者不适用;经期和孕妇也要谨慎服用。而且要非常注意该药不可与贝母、大黄等药物同时服用,以免发生不良反应,对身体产生伤害。
10.黄芩:活血降压。味苦寒,清热燥湿,泻火解毒,对于肝经实热的高血压病,有消除眩晕、头痛、囗苦、心烦等症状的作用。主要含黄芩甙元、黄芩甙等成分,具有清热泻火作用。现代药理研究发现黄芩有降压利尿、解热、镇静、利胆等作用。无论是煎剂、浸剂,均有较明显的降压作用,可用于高血压病。常与石决明、白芍、菊花、钩藤等同用治疗神经性高血压和动脉硬化高血压,可使血压降低,头痛、胸闷、烦躁等症状明显改善和消失。
11.野菊花:清热解毒,有降低血压作用,治疗高血压病,可以单味煎服,亦可与夏枯草、草决明同用。
12.地龙:味咸性寒,熄风,清热,活络,平喘,利尿,降压。用于肝阳上亢型高血压有较明显的降压效果。适用于早期高血压病伴有肢体麻木者,多复方使用。
13.天麻:平肝熄风,适用于肝阳上亢所致的头痛、眩晕等症。有良好的降血压及防治高血压的作用,它还可以增加外围及冠状动脉血流量,对心脏也有保护作用,还可预防由高血压引起的动脉硬化、冠心病以及中风等并发症。常与川芎配伍,如天麻丸。若为湿痰眩晕可配用半夏、白术、茯苓等健脾燥湿药物,如半夏白术天麻汤。
14.生槐花:味苦性微寒,近年临床用于高血压病,可降血压及改善毛细血管脆性。
15.黄芪:性微温,味甘,益气固表、补气养血、利尿、托毒排脓生肌。药理学研究表明,黄芪具有加强心肌收缩力、舒张冠状血管、降低血压、保护肝细胞、降低血糖作用。临床常用黄芪配合滋阴药(如生地、玄参、麦冬等)治疗糖尿病。非常适合气血两虚型的高血压患者服用,黄芪中的Y-氨基丁酸及黄芪甲苷具有双向调节血压的作用。
16.丹参:性微温,味苦,具有明显的扩张外围血管及降血压的作用,适用于淤血阻络型、气血不足型高血压患者,能减轻头晕头痛等症状。
17.钩藤:味甘性微寒,具有清热平肝,息风止痉作用,对高血压引起的头胀、头痛症状疗效较好。
18.鬼针草:具有清热、解毒、散瘀、消肿、抗炎、镇静、镇痛、降血脂及抗血栓作用。该药对血压具有良好的双相调节作用。用鬼针草降血压不仅安全可靠,而且可以避免某些降压药性功能障碍的副作用。血压正常的人没有变化,它确实是防治高血压,心脑血管病的特效药物。该药对甘油三脂、胆固醇、血液二黏稠度均有明显降低作用,不失为祛病健身的中草药之宝。
19.桑白皮:具有很好的泻肺平喘、利水消肿的作用,主要作用于肺热咳喘、全身性的水肿、面目水肿、胀满喘急、小便不利等病症。主要用于①清肺热。②降血压,桑树根茎的有机物提取液对血压的调节作用最强,而且桑白皮有止血清肝的作用,对血液过浓引起的高血压有很好的治疗效果。桑白皮中含有的桑呋喃A、B、c、K、N、其中桑呋喃C能助降血压等。③去水肿。 ④美白肌肤。⑤镇静。⑥抗炎。⑦抗菌。
20.缬草:①能改善血液的成分,促进心脑和血管功能。有明显扩张冠状血管,改善心肌缺血的作用,降低心肌耗氧量,恢复心律正常水平,并且降低血压。②对肝脏有保护作用,能促使肝细胞再生,对脂肪肝的形成有一定的抑制作用。③能迅速补充体力,消除疲劳,增强对疾病的抵抗力。
21.酸枣根皮:具有安神作用。主要用于治疗便血、高血压、遗精、白带。治疗高血压头晕头痛时,酸枣根50g去外层黑皮,去木心,用内皮加水煎煮服用。
22.益母草:具有活血调经,祛瘀止痛,利尿消肿,清热解毒,主要治疗月经不调、痛经、经闭、月经量少、淤血腹痛、肾痛水肿、小便不利、尿血等症。临床主要用于①.调经作用。②.消肿止痛。③.扩张血管,能显著增加冠状动脉流量及相当显著地减慢心率。④抗衰老。⑤.抗凝血作用。⑥.提高免疫力。⑦.保护肾脏。
23.银杏叶:具有活血化瘀、敛肺平喘、抗衰老、增强免疫的功效。用于瘀血阻络,胸痹心痛,中风偏瘫,肺虚咳喘,高血脂症。银杏叶最重要的提取物是银杏内酯与黄酮醇,银杏内酯具有抗血小板活化因子作用,可以改善血液循环:黄酮醇能扩张血管、消除自由基、防止动脉硬化等。通过增加血管通透性和弹性而降低血压,有较好的降压功效。
24.鸡血藤:味苦微甘、性温,归肝、心、肾经,色赤入血,质润行散,具有活血舒筋,治疗头晕、抗癌的功效。主要功效作用①降血压,具有很强的降血压作用。②扩张血管③治疗关节炎④补血造血⑤抗癌。
25.川芎:具有活血化瘀,行气止痛的功效。临床上主要用于:①冠心病、心绞痛。②妇科疾病:用于治疗血瘀引起的月经紊乱、痛经等妇科疾病效果较好。③跌打损伤。
26.玉竹:具有养阴润燥、除烦降心火、生津止渴等功效。现代医学研究表明,玉竹含有对人体有保健作用的多种甙类和氨基酸、锌、锰等营养物质,具有保护心脏、血管、降血脂、清理体内垃圾,延缓衰老等作用。
27.红景天:具有益气活血、通脉止痛,平喘止咳,益气健脾,抗缺氧,抗哮喘,抗糖尿病,抗衰老,抗肿瘤。
28.淫羊藿:味辛、甘、性温,归肝、肾经。具有补肾阳、强筋骨、祛风湿的功效。主要用于①补肾壮阳。②治疗风寒湿痹症。③强健筋骨。④降血压。⑤增强性欲。
29.玄参:味甘、苦、咸,性寒。归肺、胃、肾经。具有清热凉血,滋阴降火,解毒散结的功效。现代药理研究表明,玄参有降血压、降血糖作用。
30.三七:具有止血补血、镇痛、抗血栓、增强免疫力、强身健体、预防心脑血管疾病的作用。扩张血管、降低血压、改善微循环、增加血流量、双向调节血糖、降低血脂、胆固醇、抑制动脉硬化,从而预防和治疗心脑组织缺血、缺氧症。活血化瘀功效,能促进血液细胞新陈代谢,平衡调节血液细胞。
31.麦门冬:具有养阴生津,润肺清心。主要用于清心除烦,养阴润肺,益胃生津的治疗。对缓解心绞痛、胸闷均有一定作用。同对用于糖尿病患者口渴咽干、多饮、心烦不宁的治疗。
32.棕榈叶:味苦、涩、性平。归脾、胃经。具有收敛止血,降血压的功效。主治吐血,劳伤,高血压病。
33.青木香:味辛、苦,性寒。归肝、胃经。具有平肝止痛,解毒消肿的功效。主要用于眩晕头痛,胸腹胀痛,痈肿疔疮,蛇虫咬伤等症的治疗。现代药理研究表明,青木香有一定的降血压作用。
34.臭梧桐叶:性平,味甘、苦。祛风湿,止痛,降血压。功能主治风湿痹痛、半身不遂、高血压病、偏头痛等症。对慢性肾型高血压降压作用显著,继续服用降压更多,降压作用缓慢而持久。开花前的臭梧桐比开花后者降血压作用强。临床以臭梧桐叶为末,每日6-10g,分3-4次服。大多于服药5周内显示明显疗效,疗程越长,疗效越好,同时头痛、头晕等症状改善,停药后1-2周内血压即回升。若用小剂量(每日2-4g)维持,则可不回升。与地龙配伍,疗效较臭梧桐单用为好。
35.山楂:具有降血压、促进消化、降血脂、抗缺血、防癌抗癌、提高免疫力、抗衰老的功效。山楂内含黄酮、三萜酸、能果酸等有效成份,可对血压有明显降压作用。山楂能抑制B-羟-B-甲基戌二酸辅酶A还原酶的活性,从而抑制内源性胆固醇的合成,并能升高高密度脂蛋白,降低低密度脂蛋白,有利于清除外周组织中过多的胆固醇,从而改善体内的脂质代谢。
36.钾元素:钾是人体必需的微量元素之一,儿童每天应摄取钾1600毫克,成人每天2000毫克。钾是细胞内液的主要阳离子,与细胞的代谢密切相关。钾维持细胞内一些酶的活动,尤其是糖代谢中,糖原的形成必有一定量的钾沉积。钾的大部分生理功能都是在与钠协同作用中发挥的,因此维持体内钾、钠离子的平衡,对生命活动有重要意义。钾的生理功能为:①调节细胞内适宜的渗透压。②调节体液的酸碱平衡。③参于细胞内糖和蛋白质的代谢。④维持正常的神经兴奋性和心肌运动。⑤在摄入高钠而导致高血压时,钾具有降血压作用。
钾是细胞内液的主要阳离子,与细胞的代谢密切相关。钾可以调节细胞内适宜的渗透压和体液的酸碱平衡,参与细胞内糖和蛋白质的代谢。有助于维持神经健康、心跳规律正常,可以预防中风,并协助肌肉正常收缩。在摄入高钠而导致高血压时,钾具有降血压作用。钾排出体内多余的钠盐,将血压稳定在正常状态。
在本发明中的主要用途:
1.参与糖、蛋白质和能量代谢:糖原合成时,需要钾与之一同进入细胞,糖原分解时,钾又从细胞内释出。
2.参与维持细胞内、外液的渗透压和酸碱平衡:钾是细胞内的主要阳离子,所以能维持细胞内液的渗透压。酸中毒时,由于肾脏排钾量减少,以及钾从细胞内向外移,所以血钾往往同时升高,碱中毒时,情况相反。
3.维持神经肌肉的兴奋性。
4.维持心肌功能:心肌细胞膜的电位变化主要动力之一是由于钾离子的细胞内、外转移。
人体钾缺乏可引起心跳不规律和加速、心电图异常、肌肉衰弱和烦躁,最后导致心跳停止。一般而言,身体健康的人,会自动将多余的钾排出体外。但肾病患者则要特别留意,避免摄取过量的钾。
人体缺钾的主要症状是:心跳过速且心率不齐,肌肉无力、麻木、易怒、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、低血压、精神错乱、以及心理冷淡。
钾能帮助心脏维持规律的心跳,并协助血压的稳定。钾对细胞内的化学反应很重要,对协助维持稳定的血压及神经活动的传导起着非常重要的作用。
37.镁元素:镁是我们身体内的万金油,缺镁除了能影响血压,还会造成严重的情绪波动,比如躁狂、手脚抽搐、老年痴呆、生育功能下降等。镁的功效:①帮助维持正常血压;②帮助维持体内血管的健康和完整;③帮助支持正常血压,心脏和循环的功能;④降压平稳、缓和、持久、感觉好;⑤不仅仅解决血压问题,更能全面解决高血脂、动脉硬化、血栓形成和心脑供血不足的问题,有效保护心、脑、肾,适合心脑血管及肾病、糖尿病服用。镁的功能:①镁为该产品的主要成份,有利于蛋白质的制造、脂肪代谢、以及遗传物质DNA的组成,并可活化酵素;②帮助强化心脏肌肉的收缩力,避免血管栓塞;③防止血管痉挛,减少血小板于血管内的聚集,从而预防高血压、心率失常、完状动脉硬化;④帮助血液循环及神经传导,对维持正常的肌肉及神经活动有很大的帮助,可减少肝、胆、肾结石的形成,以及软组织钙化的机会;⑤帮助人体吸收和利用钙质;⑥身心平衡剂,以抗紧张而有名的矿物质;⑦促进细胞对钙的吸收,强化免疫系统。镁元素与胰腺分泌胰岛素有直接的关系,胰岛所分泌的胰岛素是由缩胆囊素刺激后释放的,而缩胆囊素则需要镁来催活,对血压、血脂都有调节作用,所以镁元素对高血压有辅助治疗的效果。
镁元素的作用:
镁元素是人体重要的营养元素,参与人体多种生理活动,与许多常见病、多发病的发生和预防均有关系。近年的研究结果显示,我们大多数人可能都缺镁。不仅如此,钙与镁之间必须达到一种平衡才能确保两矿物质都能得到合理利用,然而现今成千上万的服用钙补充的人很可能存在着破坏这一平衡的危险。因此,必须重视缺镁的危害和补镁的意义。
镁离子作为酶的辅助因子参与体内所有能量代谢,激活和催化约350多种酶系统,包括葡萄糖的利用,脂肪、蛋白质和核酸的合成,三磷酸腺苷代谢及膜离子运转等,并与线粒体细胞及所有膜结构和功能完整性相关。镁离子通过激活膜上的酶,保持细胞内的稳定,镁离子的改变也影响钙的代谢,所以镁具有维持心肌、神经、肌肉的正常功能的特殊作用。
心律失常及心力衰竭:缺镁可引起各种心律失常如心室性早搏、房性早搏、心动过速甚至房颤。因此现在镁制剂已经成为广谱抗心律失常及心力衰竭的药物,并具有“心脏卫士”之称。
预防心肌梗塞:急性心肌梗塞早期常伴有心肌细胞及血清镁降低,因此及时补充镁很重要。对患急性心肌梗塞早期的患者及时补充镁可大大降低其死亡率。
变异性心绞痛:镁离子能降低血栓素水平,并能增强血管内皮细胞合成前列环素,对血管紧张性有直接调节作用,可改善心肌的微循环,使心绞痛发生率显著降低。
高血压:镁的摄入量和高血压呈明显负相关,缺镁可引起高血压。据统计发现,增加饮食镁的摄入使高血压发生下降。
所适宜的人群:
1.天天服用多种西药降压药,长期持续高血压患者的。
2.劳累、熬夜、情绪波动时血压容易反弹的,拒绝西药毒副作用的患者。
3.已出现头晕、头痛、耳鸣眼花、失眠、四肢麻木、肾功能减退等症状的。
4.已出现高血压型心脏病、脑中风、高血压眼病、高血压肾病、高血压糖尿病等高血压并发症的。
5.血压平时在高压140mmHg,低压100mmHg左右,处于临界高血压的。
6.身体肥胖,饮食高油、高盐、吸烟或喝酒的。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
一种用于降低血压的中药组合物,由以下重量份数的物质组成: 原始料为35种中草药: 罗布麻6份,杜仲10份,茺蔚子10份,地骨皮10份,牡丹皮20份,野菊花30份,生槐花30份,黄芩30份,黄芪30份,桑白皮15份,缬草10份,酸枣根皮10份,葛根30份,夏枯草30份,地龙10份,玄参10份,益母草10份,决明子10份,淫羊藿30份,银杏叶10-30份,丹参30份,钩藤30份,三七18份,石决明30份,鸡血藤15份,川芎30份,玉竹18份,麦门冬18份,红景天18份,天麻12份,鬼针草15份,棕榈叶45份,青木香18份,臭梧桐叶30份,山楂30份;加入微量元素,门冬氨酸钾2份、门冬氨酸镁5份。
实施例2
一种用于降低血压的中药组合物,由以下重量份数的物质组成: 原始料为35种中草药: 罗布麻10份,杜仲30份,茺蔚子30份,地骨皮10份,牡丹皮5份,野菊花15份,生槐花30份,黄芩10份,黄芪80份,桑白皮30份,缬草10份,酸枣根皮30份,葛根30份,夏枯草30份,地龙10份,玄参10份,益母草10份,决明子10份,淫羊藿10份,银杏叶30份,丹参18份,钩藤18份,三七10份,石决明30份,鸡血藤30份,川芎30份,玉竹18份,麦门冬18份,红景天30份,天麻24份,鬼针草15份,棕榈叶45份,青木香18份,臭梧桐叶30份,山楂30份;加入微量元素,门冬氨酸钾6份、门冬氨酸镁2份。
实施例3
一种用于降低血压的中药组合物,由以下重量份数的物质组成: 原始料为35种中草药: 罗布麻8份,杜仲25份,茺蔚子25份,地骨皮105份,牡丹皮20份,野菊花15份,生槐花30份,黄芩25份,黄芪60份,桑白皮30份,缬草18份,酸枣根皮30份,葛根25份,夏枯草25份,地龙10份,玄参10份,益母草25份,决明子10份,淫羊藿30份,银杏叶25份,丹参28份,钩藤18份,三七18份,石决明30份,鸡血藤30份,川芎130份,玉竹18份,麦门冬18份,红景天30份,天麻24份,鬼针草15份,棕榈叶45份,青木香18份,臭梧桐叶30份,山楂30份;加入微量元素,门冬氨酸钾4份、门冬氨酸镁3份。
实施例1、2、3的制备方法为:
步骤一、原始料以单品精选、清洗、净化、风干,分别粉碎成粗粉,粗粉的粒度为24-50目,混合均匀,制成粗粉混合物备用;分成三份;
步骤二、第一份粗粉混合物放入密封瓷器中,温度在25-30度下,自然发酵5-7天,发酵完成后,用清水清洗晾干,得到干发酵粗粉混合物;第二份粗粉混合物用纯净水进行淋洗,加入第二份粗粉混合物总重量的2-5%的纤维素酶,进行超声波震动20-30分钟,充分搅拌,然后对粗粉混合物进行密封发酵,温度在25-30度下,发酵1-3天,发酵后,进行6-8次的清洗、压榨,晾干,得到湿发酵粗粉混合物;第三份粗粉混合物进行自然晾干;把第一份、第二份和第三份混合物进行混合,得到混合粗粉混合物;把混合粗粉混合物进行研磨,得到超微粉混合物, 超微粉混合物的粒度在0.1μm—10μm ;
步骤三、在步骤二得到的超微粉混合物中,加入小分子能量水浸泡60分钟,制得浸泡混合料,加入的小分子能量水的重量与超微粉混合物的总重量之比为6:1;
步骤四、将浸泡混合料置于中药多功能提取釜中,开启多功能提取釜电源进行加热到100℃,保持在此温度下恒温提起2小时,制得第一提取混合物,然后过滤,得到第一次提取液备用;向滤渣中加入小分子能量水,加入的小能分水的重量与滤渣的重量之比为2:1,加热提取,加热温度为100℃,提取时间为2小时,过滤得到第二次提取液;将两次提取液合并后置于三效真空高能蒸发浓缩器内,减压至相对压力为-0.07Mpa,加热至80℃,将提取液浓缩成比重为1.30的浸膏,然后于45—50℃下进行干燥,得到干浸膏;将干浸膏粉碎成100—150目的细粉后,添加门冬氨酸钾2-6份、门冬氨酸镁2-5份,混合均匀,装入明胶硬胶囊,即得这种用于降低血压的中药组合物。
对于本发明有关实验资料如下
1.选择病例的标准
1.1一般资料
本发明中药组合物釆用随机对照观察方法选择年龄27岁-78岁的未经治疗或已经使用降压药物的轻、中、高度高血压患者180例观察了解本发明组合物的降低2组,即观察组和对照组,其中常规治疗对照组口服硝苯地平片为对照组60例,本发明的组合物为观察组120例,进行临床研究,其中男性98例,女性82例,年龄34岁-69岁,平均年龄(58±3.0)岁,病程10个月-5年,平均病程(45±2.3)月。
1.2诊断标准
现代医学对高血压病的诊断标准:在未用抗高血压药物治疗的情况下,非同日3日测量收缩压≥140mmHg和(或)舒张压≥90mmHg,即可诊断为高血压。
1.3纳入标准和排除标准
纳入标准
1)符合2010年版《中国高血压病防治指南》高血压标准;
2)血压在140/90mmHg以上;
3)年龄在18-70之间;
4)未用药,或服用高血压药物但停药2周后;
5)原发性高血压病,1周内不同日3次测定血压,血压达到诊断标准;
6)肝肾功能检查均无异常,对观察药物和对照药物均不过敏;
7)获得知情同意书。
排除标准
1)不符合2010年版《中国高血压病防治指南》标准;
2)继发高血压;
3)年龄在18岁以下或70岁以上;
4)妊娠或哺乳期妇女;
5)合并有造血系统等严重原发疾病、精神病患者。
2、治疗方案
依据《中药新药临床研究指导原则》高血压诊断分型标准,对180例高血压病患者中,以1:2比例随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组口服硝苯地平片,一日三次、一次一片(5mg/片);观察组囗服本发明制备的组合物,一日三次、每次0.5-1.0克。
3、疗效标准及结果
3.1疗效判定标准
1)显效:①舒张压下降10mmHg(1.3kPa)以上,并达到正常范围;②舒张压虽未降至正常但已下降20mmHg(2.7kPa)或以上,须具备其中1项。
2)有效:①舒张压下降不及10mmHg(1.3kPa),但已达到正常范围;②舒张压较治疗前下降10-19mmHg(1.3-2.5kPa),但未达到正常范围;③收缩压较治疗前下降30mmHg(4kPa)以上,需具备其中1项。
3)无效:未达到有效标准者。
总有效率(%)=(显效例数+有效例数)/总例数X100%
3.2治疗结果
1)观察组显效13例,有效104例,无效3例,总有效率97.5%;对照组显效6例,有效48例,无效6例,总有效率90%。
2)治疗结果发现本发明的中药组合物对高血压具有良好的治疗效果,总有效率明显优于对照组。
3)本发明的中药组合物制备在服用3天之后即可见效,服用60天后降低血压总有效率达到92%以上。
4)对试用者使用本发明的中药组合物制备后6个月的观察中没有发生血压反弹升高现象。
3.3不良反应
180例高血压患者经2个月的治疗,无1例出现腹泻、眩晕、皮疹等不良反应,肝肾功能检查均无异常。
4、结论
以上临床研究结果表明,本发明的中药组合物制备在治疗高血压病时具有更好的疗效,优于硝苯地平片。综上所述:本发明的具有降低血压作用的中药组合物无毒副作用,安全范围广。
中医理论揭示高血压病主要是肝、心、肾,阴阳失调,风、火、痰及互相影响所致,因此除平肝潜阳外,理气活血,清热祛瘀是治疗高血压病的有效途径。发明人认为,对高血压病的中医药研究应突破传统的框架,分析其成因和转归,把握其证候的总体态势,分析现有药物的降压特性、有效部位和协同效果,采用“证素统合”的理论和观点,达到脏腑平衡、阴阳平衡、微量元素平衡,创新性的以罗布麻、杜仲、牡丹皮、黄芪、银杏叶、钩藤、三七、川芎、红景天、臭梧桐叶、棕榈叶、鬼针草等中草药和矿物质钾、镁元素组方,配伍合理,切合病机,能够维持血压稳定,明显改善临床高血压患者的生话质量,具有良好的社会意义。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于降低血压的中药组合物,其特征在于:包括以下重量份数的物质组成: 原始料为35种中草药: 罗布麻6-10份,杜仲10-30份,茺蔚子10-30份,地骨皮10-30份,牡丹皮5-20份,野菊花15-30份,生槐花10-30份,黄芩10-30份,黄芪30-80份,桑白皮15-30份,缬草10-18份,酸枣根皮10-30份,葛根15-30份,夏枯草15-30份,地龙10-20份,玄参10-30份,益母草10-30份,决明子10-30份,淫羊藿10-30份,银杏叶10-30份,丹参18-30份,钩藤18-30份,三七10-18份,石决明30-45份,鸡血藤15-30份,川芎12-30份,玉竹18-30份,麦门冬18-30份,红景天18-30份,天麻12-24份,鬼针草15-60份,棕榈叶45份,青木香18份,臭梧桐叶30份,山楂30份;加入微量元素,门冬氨酸钾2-6份、门冬氨酸镁2-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于降低血压的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一、原始料以单品精选、清洗、净化、风干,分别粉碎成粗粉,混合均匀,制成粗粉混合物备用,分成三份;步骤二、第一份粗粉混合物放入密封瓷器中,温度在25-30度下,自然发酵5-7天,发酵完成后,用清水清洗晾干,得到干发酵粗粉混合物;第二份粗粉混合物用纯净水进行淋洗,加入第二份粗粉混合物总重量的2-5%的纤维素酶,进行超声波震动20-30分钟,充分搅拌,然后对粗粉混合物进行密封发酵,温度在25-30度下,发酵1-3天,发酵后,进行6-8次的清洗、压榨,晾干,得到湿发酵粗粉混合物;第三份粗粉混合物进行自然晾干;把第一份、第二份和第三份混合物进行混合,得到混合粗粉混合物;把混合粗粉混合物进行研磨,得到超微粉混合物;步骤三、在步骤二得到的超微粉混合物中,加入小分子能量水浸泡60分钟,制得浸泡混合料,加入的小分子能量水的重量与超微粉混合物的总重量之比为6:1;步骤四、将浸泡混合料置于中药多功能提取釜中,开启多功能提取釜电源进行加热到100℃,保持在此温度下恒温提起2小时,制得第一提取混合物,然后过滤,得到第一次提取液备用;向滤渣中加入小分子能量水,加入的小能分水的重量与滤渣的重量之比为2:1,加热提取,加热温度为100℃,提取时间为2小时,过滤得到第二次提取液;将两次提取液合并后置于三效真空高能蒸发浓缩器内,减压至相对压力为-0.07Mpa,加热至80℃,将提取液浓缩成比重为1.30的浸膏,然后于45—50℃下进行干燥,得到干浸膏;将干浸膏粉碎成细粉后,添加门冬氨酸钾2-6份、门冬氨酸镁2-5份,混合均匀,装入明胶硬胶囊,即得这种用于降低血压的中药组合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于降低血压的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一中的粗粉粒度为24-50目。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于降低血压的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤二中超微粉混合物的粒度在0.1μm—10μm 。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于降低血压的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤四中将干浸膏粉碎成100—150目的细粉。
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