CN110454620A - 一种防腐蚀供水管道 - Google Patents
一种防腐蚀供水管道 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110454620A CN110454620A CN201910770433.8A CN201910770433A CN110454620A CN 110454620 A CN110454620 A CN 110454620A CN 201910770433 A CN201910770433 A CN 201910770433A CN 110454620 A CN110454620 A CN 110454620A
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Abstract
本发明涉及管道技术领域，公开了一种防腐蚀供水管道。该管道包括金属管道和位于金属管道内壁上的涂层，所述涂层包括环氧树脂涂层和水性聚氨酯涂层，所述环氧树脂涂层位于金属管道与水性聚氨酯涂层之间。本发明通过在金属管道的内层涂覆涂层来阻挡供水管道中的腐蚀介质与金属管道接触，从而实现供水管道的抗腐蚀；涂料层包括环氧树脂涂层和水性聚氨酯涂层，由于环氧树脂与金属具有较好的粘结强度，选用环氧树脂涂覆在供水管道内壁；水性聚氨酯层为水性涂层，涂料的溶剂为水，绿色环保，不会释放有机溶剂到水体中，避免水体受到污染，另外聚氨酯涂层具有较强的抗压强度，能够承受供水管道中水体的压力作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及管道技术领域，尤其是涉及一种防腐蚀供水管道。
背景技术
供水管网是结构复杂、规模巨大的管线网络系统，是城市的重要基础设施之一，是供水系统中自来水通向用户的动脉，是保障人们生活生产不可缺少的一部分。我国管网应用时间一般低于国外发达国家，我国部分城市与发达国家相比，单位管长漏损平均值高很多。铸铁是含碳量在2%以上的碳铁合金，它具有良好的机械性能，低廉的价格和容易铸造的性能，因此在给排水管网中有广泛的应用，但是铸铁有个很严重的问题是耐腐蚀性差。铁质供水管线在供水过程中会出现比较严重的腐蚀现象，对于腐蚀管道，一方面会因为产生腐蚀产物影响水质，另一方面腐蚀产物在管道中的累计导致了输水能力的下降和能耗的增加，腐蚀会使得铁质供水管线产生腐蚀瘤，引起管壁变薄、穿孔、破裂，导致管道强度降低，容易引起漏损和爆管。而且大多数安装时间较长的灰口铸铁管质量已不符合国家要求，加之管网配件质量差，接口技术落后，导致管道抗腐蚀强度低、长时间使用会形成水垢，腐蚀严重；抗压强度低，暴漏事故频频发生，管网漏损逐年增加。供水管道内部腐蚀不仅会造成管道破损导致水体泄露，还会影响水体水质，而当今我国很大一部分供水管网使用铸铁管，因此对供水铸铁管内壁腐蚀研究具有重大意义。自来水厂使用氯消毒剂来杀菌，氯化钠是溶解盐的一种代表物，当水中氯离子含量高时，氯离子主要通过不均地吸附部分金属面，从而使得吸附部分的金属得到活化， 进而造成金属的腐蚀。
发明内容
本发明是为了克服以上技术问题，提供一种防腐蚀供水管道。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种防腐蚀供水管道，包括金属管道和位于金属管道内壁上的涂层，所述涂层包括环氧树脂涂层和水性聚氨酯涂层，所述环氧树脂涂层位于金属管道与水性聚氨酯涂层之间。
本发明通过在金属管道的内层涂覆涂层来阻挡供水管道中的腐蚀介质与金属管道接触，从而实现供水管道的抗腐蚀；涂料层包括环氧树脂涂层和水性聚氨酯涂层，由于环氧树脂与金属具有较好的粘结强度，选用环氧树脂涂覆在供水管道内壁；水性聚氨酯层为水性涂层，涂料的溶剂为水，绿色环保，不会释放有机溶剂到水体中，避免水体受到污染，另外聚氨酯涂层具有较强的抗压强度，能够承受供水管道中水体的压力作用。
作为优选，所述水性聚氨酯涂层包括按重量份计的下述组分：
水性聚氨酯乳液70-80份，云母粉20-30份，改性玄武岩鳞片10-15份，六偏磷酸钠1-3份，聚丙烯酸酯0.5-1份，聚丙烯酸1-3份，壳聚糖0.5-5份，水30-50份。
云母片作为涂料的填料，不仅降低生产成本，还提高涂料的整体强度；改性玄武岩鳞片由于为片状结构，分散在涂料中形成错层排列，从而使水体中的氯离子穿过涂料层的通道变得迂回曲折，使氯离子穿过涂层更加困难，避免氯离子大量快速穿过涂层与供水金属管道接触，造成供水管道的腐蚀；涂层中存在的气泡区域强度低且腐蚀介质较为容易穿过，使用六偏磷酸钠为消泡剂，避免涂层中形成气泡；聚丙烯酸酯作为涂料的流平剂，使涂料在成膜过程中形成一个平整、光滑、均匀的涂料，减少供水管道中的水体供水过程中遇到的阻力；聚丙烯酸为分散剂使涂料中各组分之间分散均匀，提高涂料的整体性能；使用壳聚糖为抗菌剂，壳聚糖抗菌剂防止细菌在涂料表面附着滋生，并且绿色环保。
作为优选，所述改性玄武岩鳞片的制备方法包括以下步骤：
将丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇加入去离子水中搅拌溶解，加入表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠和氢氧化钠溶液，搅拌混合得混合液，备用；将玄武岩鳞片加入哌嗪溶液中，加入表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠，超声震荡20-30min ，过滤分离出玄武岩鳞片，然后将其加入均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷溶液中，静置反应10-20min，过滤分离，置于烘箱中进行固化交联，得预处理玄武岩鳞片；将预处理玄武岩鳞片加入混合液中进行浸泡1-2h，过滤分离出玄武岩鳞片，将其加入液体石蜡中，然后加入过硫酸铵，升温至50-55℃，搅拌反应2-4h，过滤分离，洗涤，干燥得改性玄武岩鳞片。
供水管网供水过程中由于水体中含有离子半径较小的氯离子，能够穿过涂料层与金属管道接触，吸附在金属表面，引起金属活化，造成金属腐蚀。本发明利用玄武岩鳞片分散在涂料中，使腐蚀介质（氯离子）通过渗透通过涂层的路径变得迂回曲折，减缓腐蚀介质穿过涂料的速度，达到抗腐蚀效果，但是这种方法只能延缓供水管道的腐蚀速度，减慢供水管道的腐蚀。另外，玄武岩鳞片之间的自身引力作用较强，玄武岩鳞片之间很容易发生团聚，对抗腐蚀性能造成影响。本发明为保持供水管道的持久抗腐蚀作用，对玄武谈鳞片进行改性，先将玄武岩鳞片浸入丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇的单体溶液中，使丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇的单体溶液浸润玄武鳞片表面，然后将浸润有丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇单体的玄武岩鳞片置于液体石蜡中，在引发剂过硫酸铵的作用下，丙烯酸与1,4-丁烯二醇单体之间发生聚合反应，在玄武岩鳞片表面形成高分子聚合物，丙烯酸中的-COOH在氢氧化钠的中和下变为-COO-，从而使玄武岩鳞片表面的聚合物荷负电性，由于负电荷之间的静电排斥作用，玄武岩鳞片之间相互排斥，解决玄武岩鳞片之间的团聚问题；另一方面，由于玄武岩鳞片表面的聚合物荷负电性，其会对水体中荷负电的氯离子产生静电排斥，阻碍氯离子穿过涂层，将大部分氯离子隔离在涂料的外侧，从而避免氯离子穿过涂层与供水金属管道接触，造成供水管道的腐蚀，赋予管道具有长久的抗腐蚀性能。高分子聚合物上的羟基与玄武岩鳞片表面的羟基形成氢键作用，高分子聚合物不容易从玄武岩鳞片表面脱落。
本发明在玄武谈改性过程中将玄武岩鳞片浸入丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇单体，使玄武岩鳞片表面浸润有丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇单体溶液，但是试验过程中发现玄武岩鳞片表面只能浸润少量的丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇单体，这是由于玄武岩为无机材料，丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇单体为有机物，两者之间的结合作用力较弱，进而造成改性玄武岩鳞片表面的负电荷分布较少，对水体中的氯离子排斥作用效果不能达到最优化，本发明为提高涂料对水体中氯离子的排斥作用，通过改善玄武岩鳞片表面的浸润效果，使更多的丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇单体附着在玄武岩鳞片表面，即对玄武岩鳞片进行预处理，在玄武岩鳞片表面通过界面聚合的方法包覆一层三维网状结构的聚酰胺大分子层，三维网状结构的聚酰胺大分子吸附丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇单体以及依靠分子间的引力作用，使玄武岩鳞片表面附带更多的丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇单体，从而增加玄武岩鳞片表面的-COO-数量，提高对水体中氯离子的排斥效果，进一步提高水体管道的抗腐蚀效果。丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇在聚酰胺大分子层上发生聚合反应生成高分子聚合物，高分子聚合物上的羟基与聚酰胺大分子层上的氨基等基团形成氢键， 使两者之间紧密结合。
作为优选，所述丙烯酸与1,4-丁烯二醇的质量比为1:0.2-0.5。
作为优选，所述哌嗪溶液的质量浓度为1-5%。
作为优选，所述均苯三甲酰氯的质量浓度为0.5-1.3%。
因此，本发明具有如下有益效果：（1）通过在金属管道的内层涂覆涂层来阻挡供水管道中的腐蚀介质与金属管道接触，从而实现供水管道的抗腐蚀；涂料层包括环氧树脂涂层和水性聚氨酯涂层，由于环氧树脂与金属具有较好的粘结强度，选用环氧树脂涂覆在供水管道内壁；水性聚氨酯层为水性涂层，涂料的溶剂为水，绿色环保，不会释放有机溶剂到水体中，避免水体受到污染，另外聚氨酯涂层具有较强的抗压强度，能够承受供水管道中水体的压力作用；（2）玄武岩鳞片表面的聚合物荷负电性，其会对水体中荷负电的氯离子产生静电排斥，阻碍氯离子穿过涂层，将大部分氯离子隔离在涂料的外侧，从而避免氯离子穿过涂层与供水金属管道接触，造成供水管道的腐蚀，赋予管道具有长久的抗腐蚀性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一种结构示意图。
图2是本发明的截面结构示意图。
附图标记
金属管道1、涂层2、环氧树脂涂层21、水性聚氨酯涂层22。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明。
实施例1
如图1、图2分别为本发明的一种结构示意图和截面结构示意图，包括金属管道1和位于金属管道内壁上的涂层2，所述涂层包括环氧树脂涂层21和水性聚氨酯涂层22，所述环氧树脂涂层位于金属管道与水性聚氨酯涂层之间。
改性玄武岩鳞片的制备方法包括以下步骤：
将3g 丙烯酸和1.5g 1,4-丁烯二醇加入150mL去离子水中搅拌溶解，加入0.05g表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠和2mL质量浓度为10%的氢氧化钠水溶液，搅拌混合得混合液，备用；将3g玄武岩鳞片加入200mL质量浓度为5%的哌嗪水溶液中，加入0.08g表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠，以200W功率超声震荡30min ，过滤分离出玄武岩鳞片；将玄武岩鳞片加入250mL质量浓度为1.3%均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷溶液中，静置反应10min，过滤分离，置于烘箱中在65℃下进行固化交联20min，得预处理玄武岩鳞片；将2g预处理玄武岩鳞片加入混合液中进行浸泡2h，过滤分离出玄武岩鳞片；将玄武岩鳞片加入200mL液体石蜡中，然后加入0.1g过硫酸铵，升温至55℃，搅拌反应2h，过滤分离，洗涤，干燥得改性玄武岩鳞片。
水性聚氨酯涂层，包括按重量份计的下述组分：
水性聚氨酯乳液80份，云母粉30份，改性玄武岩鳞片15份，六偏磷酸钠3份，聚丙烯酸酯1份，聚丙烯酸3份，壳聚糖5份，水50份。
水性聚氨酯涂料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将水性聚氨酯乳液、云母粉和改性玄武岩鳞片加入搅拌釜中，以800r/min搅拌1h，得预混料；2）向预混料中加入六偏磷酸钠、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸、壳聚糖和水，以1500r/min搅拌3h，即得。
水性聚氨酯涂层性能检测：
采用GB/T1732-1993对耐冲击性能进行测试，质量指标：以1000g±1g重锤垂直落下不引起漆膜破坏的高度，要求≥30kg▪cm为合格，测试结果为58kg▪cm；采用GB/T6739-96对硬度进行测试，测试结果为4H。
实施例2
防腐蚀供水管道，包括金属管道1和位于金属管道内壁上的涂层2，所述涂层包括环氧树脂涂层21和水性聚氨酯涂层22，所述环氧树脂涂层位于金属管道与水性聚氨酯涂层之间。
改性玄武岩鳞片的制备方法包括以下步骤：
将3g 丙烯酸和0.6g 1,4-丁烯二醇加入150mL去离子水中搅拌溶解，加入0.05g表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠和2mL质量浓度为10%的氢氧化钠水溶液，搅拌混合得混合液，备用；将3g玄武岩鳞片加入200mL质量浓度为1%的哌嗪水溶液中，加入0.08g表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠，以200W功率超声震荡20min ，过滤分离出玄武岩鳞片；将玄武岩鳞片加入250mL质量浓度为0.5%均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷溶液中，静置反应20min，过滤分离，置于烘箱中在60℃下进行固化交联30min，得预处理玄武岩鳞片；将2g预处理玄武岩鳞片加入混合液中进行浸泡1h，过滤分离出玄武岩鳞片；将玄武岩鳞片加入160mL液体石蜡中，然后加入0.1g过硫酸铵，升温至50℃，搅拌反应4h，过滤分离，洗涤，干燥得改性玄武岩鳞片。
水性聚氨酯涂层，包括按重量份计的下述组分：
水性聚氨酯乳液70份，云母粉20份，改性玄武岩鳞片10份，六偏磷酸钠1份，聚丙烯酸酯0.5份，聚丙烯酸1份，壳聚糖0.5份，水30份。
水性聚氨酯涂料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将水性聚氨酯乳液、云母粉和改性玄武岩鳞片加入搅拌釜中，以500r/min搅拌2h，得预混料；2）向预混料中加入六偏磷酸钠、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸、壳聚糖和水，以1000r/min搅拌6h，即得。
水性聚氨酯涂层性能检测：
采用GB/T1732-1993对耐冲击性能进行测试，质量指标：以1000g±1g重锤垂直落下不引起漆膜破坏的高度，要求≥30kg▪cm为合格，测试结果为53kg▪cm；采用GB/T6739-96对硬度进行测试，测试结果为4H。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种防腐蚀供水管道，其特征在于，包括金属管道（1）和位于金属管道内壁上的涂层（2），所述涂层包括环氧树脂涂层（21）和水性聚氨酯涂层（22），所述环氧树脂涂层位于金属管道与水性聚氨酯涂层之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防腐蚀供水管道，其特征在于，所述水性聚氨酯涂层包括按重量份计的下述组分：
水性聚氨酯乳液70-80份，云母粉20-30份，改性玄武岩鳞片10-15份，六偏磷酸钠1-3份，聚丙烯酸酯0.5-1份，聚丙烯酸1-3份，壳聚糖0.5-5份，水30-50份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种防腐蚀供水管道，其特征在于，所述改性玄武岩鳞片的制备方法包括以下步骤：
将丙烯酸和1,4-丁烯二醇加入去离子水中搅拌溶解，加入表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠和氢氧化钠溶液，搅拌混合得混合液，备用；将玄武岩鳞片加入哌嗪溶液中，加入表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠，超声震荡20-30min ，过滤分离出玄武岩鳞片，然后将其加入均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷溶液中，静置反应10-20min，过滤分离，置于烘箱中进行固化交联，得预处理玄武岩鳞片；将预处理玄武岩鳞片加入混合液中进行浸泡1-2h，过滤分离出玄武岩鳞片，将其加入液体石蜡中，然后加入过硫酸铵，升温至50-55℃，搅拌反应2-4h，过滤分离，洗涤，干燥得改性玄武岩鳞片。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防腐蚀供水管道，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸与1,4-丁烯二醇的质量比为1:0.2-0.5。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种防腐蚀供水管道，其特征在于，所述哌嗪溶液的质量浓度为1-5%。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种防腐蚀供水管道，其特征在于，所述均苯三甲酰氯的质量浓度为0.5-1.3%。
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