Background
Before the metal chemical treatment, electroplating and coating, the grease and mineral oil on the metal surface are removed by using a degreasing agent. The main degreasing agents comprise the following components: alkaline degreasing agent, emulsion degreasing agent and solvent degreasing agent.
The degreasing agent formula mainly comprising the surfactant does not damage the texture of a metal product when cleaning the surface of the metal, and a small amount of the degreasing agent can emulsify and disperse a large amount of grease, so that oil dirt is easy to separate from the surface of the metal, and the metal cleaning agent is an ideal metal cleaning agent. Commonly used surfactants include anionic surfactants such as LAS and AOS and nonionic surfactants such as AEO. The former has strong detergency but poor hard water resistance, and a chelating agent is added when the detergent is used; the latter is not sensitive to hard water, but the washing temperature is appropriate to prevent the appearance of cloud point.
The formula of the degreasing agent containing the surfactant mainly depends on the emulsification for removing the oil dirt on the metal surface, and the surfactant with a low HLB value is preferably selected. However, these materials are not easy to rinse, and often leave an adsorption film on the surface of the washed object, so that ethanol in the formula can dissolve and remove the adsorbed film. The application formula of the metal degreasing cleaning agent is as follows: the AEO-72 kerosene 13l ethanol 6 dicocodimethylammonium chloride l20 and the phosphoric acid aqueous solution 60 mainly contain alkalis, and the degreasing cleaning agent mainly contains alkalis and a surfactant under the condition of small oil dirt amount, so that the cost of the cleaning agent can be reduced.
Degreasing plays an important role in the metal surface treatment process. The traditional degreasing agent generally has the defects of large foam, poor dispersing performance, easy contamination of oil stains on the surface of metal, slow oil removal and degreasing speed and poor degreasing effect especially under the low-temperature condition. And the discharged waste liquid contains a large amount of phosphorus, which causes environmental pollution.
The degreasing agent generally contains a large amount of phosphorus elements, the using temperature is generally between 45 and 65 ℃, the degreasing agent has extremely poor oil stain removing capability at normal temperature, and the oil stain is only barely removed after the degreasing agent is soaked in a workpiece for more than 2 to 12 hours.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a phosphorus-free normal-temperature composite metal surface degreasing agent, which has the following specific technical scheme:
a phosphorus-free normal-temperature compound metal surface degreasing agent is prepared by the following method: mixing and stirring fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sodium sulfonate, cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, sodium citrate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, calcium formate and water until the mixture is clear to obtain a finished product.
According to the technical scheme, the mass ratio of the fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sodium sulfonate, the cocamidopropyl betaine, the sodium silicate, the sodium metasilicate, the sodium citrate, the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, the calcium formate and the water is (60-70), (30-35), (56-63), (13-15), (22-26) and (11-13) to 750.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the mass ratio of the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate to the calcium formate is 2: 1.
The manufacturing method of the technical scheme further comprises the following steps in sequence:
step 1), weighing raw materials according to the formula amount;
step 2), adding water into the reaction kettle, then adding ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and calcium formate into the reaction kettle, starting the reaction kettle to stir for 60-90 minutes;
step 3), respectively adding sodium citrate, sodium metasilicate, sodium silicate and sodium fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate into the reaction kettle, and stirring for 120-fold stirring for 180 minutes;
step 4), adding the cocamidopropyl betaine into the reaction kettle, controlling the internal temperature of the reaction kettle to be 36-43 ℃ during stirring, and stirring for 100-150 minutes;
step 5), naturally cooling the liquid in the reaction kettle to room temperature, and keeping stirring in the cooling process; stirring at room temperature for 60-80 minutes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the phosphorus-free normal-temperature compound metal surface degreasing agent does not contain phosphorus, nitrite and other environment-friendly ring-controlled substances, is safe and environment-friendly, and can be directly discharged after being used; the degreasing efficiency is over 99 percent at the normal temperature of 25 ℃; the degreasing temperature is low, the degreasing time is as short as 1-3 minutes, the degreasing efficiency is high, and the low-foam, solubilizing and decontamination properties are good.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Mixing and stirring 60 kg of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sodium sulfonate, 30 kg of cocoamidopropyl betaine, 56 kg of sodium silicate, 56 kg of sodium metasilicate, 13 kg of sodium citrate, 22 kg of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium, 11 kg of calcium formate and 750 kg of water until the mixture is clear to obtain the finished product.
The manufacturing method sequentially comprises the following steps:
step 1), weighing raw materials according to the formula amount;
step 2), adding water into the reaction kettle, then adding ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and calcium formate into the reaction kettle, starting the reaction kettle to stir for 60 minutes;
step 3), respectively adding sodium citrate, sodium metasilicate, sodium silicate and sodium fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate into the reaction kettle, and stirring for 120 minutes;
step 4), adding the cocamidopropyl betaine into the reaction kettle, and stirring for 100 minutes while controlling the internal temperature of the reaction kettle at 36-43 ℃;
step 5), naturally cooling the liquid in the reaction kettle to room temperature, and keeping stirring in the cooling process; stirred at room temperature for 60 minutes.
The composition isThe product is subjected to a degreasing test at 25 ℃, the degreasing time is 3 minutes, the degreasing efficiency is up to 99.1 percent, and the surface of the degreased sample has continuous water film and no hanging drop. The product is diluted with 10 times of water, and has a surface tension of 19.7 × 10 at 25 deg.C-3N/m。
Example 2
Mixing and stirring 66 kg of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sodium sulfonate, 33 kg of cocoamidopropyl betaine, 60 kg of sodium silicate, 60 kg of sodium metasilicate, 14 kg of sodium citrate, 25 kg of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium, 12.5 kg of calcium formate and 750 kg of water until the mixture is clear to obtain a finished product.
The manufacturing method sequentially comprises the following steps:
step 1), weighing raw materials according to the formula amount;
step 2), adding water into the reaction kettle, then adding ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and calcium formate into the reaction kettle, starting the reaction kettle to stir for 80 minutes;
step 3), respectively adding sodium citrate, sodium metasilicate, sodium silicate and sodium fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate into the reaction kettle, and stirring for 160 minutes;
step 4), adding cocamidopropyl betaine into the reaction kettle, and stirring for 120 minutes while controlling the internal temperature of the reaction kettle at 36-43 ℃;
step 5), naturally cooling the liquid in the reaction kettle to room temperature, and keeping stirring in the cooling process; stirred at room temperature for 70 minutes.
The finished product is subjected to a degreasing test at 25 ℃, the degreasing time is 1 minute, the degreasing efficiency is up to 99.6 percent, and the surface of the degreased sample has continuous water film and no hanging drop. The product is diluted with 10 times of water, and has a surface tension of 17.2 × 10 at 25 deg.C-3N/m。
Example 3
Mixing and stirring 70 kg of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sodium sulfonate, 35 kg of cocoamidopropyl betaine, 63 kg of sodium silicate, 63 kg of sodium metasilicate, 15 kg of sodium citrate, 26 kg of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium, 13 kg of calcium formate and 750 kg of water until the mixture is clear to obtain the finished product.
The manufacturing method sequentially comprises the following steps:
step 1), weighing raw materials according to the formula amount;
step 2), adding water into the reaction kettle, then adding ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and calcium formate into the reaction kettle, starting the reaction kettle to stir for 90 minutes;
step 3), respectively adding sodium citrate, sodium metasilicate, sodium silicate and sodium fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate into the reaction kettle, and stirring for 180 minutes;
step 4), adding the cocamidopropyl betaine into the reaction kettle, and stirring for 150 minutes while controlling the internal temperature of the reaction kettle at 36-43 ℃;
step 5), naturally cooling the liquid in the reaction kettle to room temperature, and keeping stirring in the cooling process; stirred at room temperature for 80 minutes.
The finished product is subjected to a degreasing test at 25 ℃, the degreasing time is 2 minutes, the degreasing efficiency is up to 99.3 percent, and the surface of the degreased sample has continuous water film and no hanging drop. The product is diluted with 10 times of water, and has a surface tension of 18.8 × 10 at 25 deg.C-3N/m。
Control test 1
Compared with the example 2, the raw material of the test does not contain disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, and a contrast finished product X is finally obtained; the surface tension of the control product X after being diluted by 10 times of water at 25 ℃ is 36.7X 10-3N/m。
Control experiment 2
Compared with the example 2, the raw materials of the test do not contain calcium formate, and a control finished product X is finally obtained; the surface tension of the control product X after being diluted with 10 times of water at 25 ℃ is 39.3X 10-3N/m。
In the above embodiment, the mass ratio of the disodium edetate to the calcium formate is 2: 1. By analyzing the example 2, the control experiment 1 and the control experiment 2, after the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and the calcium formate are compounded, a good synergistic effect can be generated, and the surface tension of liquid can be remarkably reduced, so that defoaming is facilitated, and the interfacial activity of the solution can be improved.
The degreasing agent does not contain environment-friendly ring-controlled substances such as phosphorus, nitrite and the like, is safe and environment-friendly, and can be directly discharged after being used; the degreasing efficiency is over 99 percent at the normal temperature of 25 ℃; the degreasing temperature is low, the degreasing time is as short as 1-3 minutes, the degreasing efficiency is high, and the low-foam, solubilizing and decontamination properties are good.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.