CN110452629B - 一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布 - Google Patents

一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布 Download PDF

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CN110452629B
CN110452629B CN201910739862.9A CN201910739862A CN110452629B CN 110452629 B CN110452629 B CN 110452629B CN 201910739862 A CN201910739862 A CN 201910739862A CN 110452629 B CN110452629 B CN 110452629B
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赵利君
陈国顺
王增友
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Zhejiang Ygm Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布,由内至外依次包括如下结构层:可硫化聚氨酯粘结层,基布,改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层,聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层,镀膜反光层,玻璃微珠层,热熔层及PET膜。本发明对橡胶载体有优异的粘合性,可与橡胶同时进行高温高压硫化,硫化后粘结强度高,耐磨性好,耐骑行好,表面亮度高。

Description

一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布
技术领域
本发明涉及反光材料生产技术领域,特别涉及一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布。
背景技术
处于安全的考虑,反光材料在日常生活中应用非常广泛,比如道路交通安全领域如:临时施工标牌、道路标志牌、防撞桶、路锥、车身反光标志等等;反光材料主要包括反光膜,反光布,反光衣,反光热帖,反光晶格,反光革,反光挂件,反光手腕带,反光宠物带,反光手臂带反光花布等等产品。而目前就国家越来越重视反光材料的发展,自行车轮胎上贴上反光材料在欧美国家已经是明确要求的,可是在国内自行车轮胎上贴上反光材料还没有明确的政令,自行车轮胎上可硫化的反光布就更是一片空白,一部分来自于中国台湾,另一部分进口自美国。
现有技术中,常规的是在自行车轮胎侧壁上贴着各种反光贴纸,该做法的优点是容易更换及粘贴,但是存在的缺陷是:由于贴纸的材质基本上都是丙烯酸不干胶与轮胎的材质不相容,不能进行硫化反应,粘贴不牢固,此外,贴纸也不具有延展伸缩性,故在轮胎本身因受压力表面缩张时,反光贴纸容易脱落。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布,对橡胶载体有优异的粘合性,可与橡胶同时进行高温高压硫化,硫化后粘结强度高,耐磨性好,耐骑行好,表面亮度高。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布,由内至外依次包括如下结构层:可硫化聚氨酯粘结层,基布,改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层,聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层,镀膜反光层,玻璃微珠层,热熔层及PET膜。
本申请的反光布内层为可硫化聚氨酯粘结层,可与轮胎一起同时进行高温硫化,这样加工的反光布与轮胎的粘结强度很高。改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层是粘结基布作用的,在硫化过程当中还可以穿透布纹与基布下面的可硫化聚氨酯粘结层产生硫化交联作用,使得整个胶黏剂层的强度提高。使用聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层是考虑到了自行车在骑行过程当中对车胎不停的挤压变形,聚氨酯采用聚醚改性后会使整个胶层变的有弹性,耐曲折性,耐磨性变好,另一方面改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层对镀膜反光材料的粘结性能不如聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层,加强对反光基材的粘结强度。
玻璃微珠为30微米至150微米的空心玻璃微球,是由折射率为1.92和2.3的玻璃微球组成的,组成比例为3:7。这样组合既能保持较高强度的反射率,还能保证多角度,小角度的反射范围,还能在雨淋天气里保持一个较高的反光度。
热熔层树脂可由聚氨酯树脂、EVA改性SIS热熔胶(上海永韬热熔胶有限公司的YT-650),丙烯酸改性聚氨酯树脂(德国巴斯夫TPU 585B)的中的任意一种或几种组成。
PET膜为透明的厚度为3.6丝厚的PET膜。
反光镀膜层为银镀层、铝镀层、硫化锌镀层、三氧化二锆镀层、镁镀层中的一种镀层或两种镀层形成的复合镀层。
基布是由棉和涤混纺而成的,棉占35%,涤纶占65%。这样搭配起来后斜切出来的反光布抗拉伸,回弹性好,基布容易定型又耐高温。
作为优选,所述可硫化聚氨酯粘结层的材料是由聚酯多元醇、含硫二元醇、不含硫二元醇及异氰酸酯反应制成,按重量百分比计,各组分的配比为:聚酯多元醇65-80%,含硫二元醇2-10%,不含硫二元醇4-8%,异氰酸酯10-20%。
聚酯多元醇、含硫二元醇、不含硫二元醇及异氰酸酯的反应条件为:230℃双螺杆挤出机里合成反应挤出。
本申请中,含硫二元醇为扩链剂,不含硫二元醇用于调节整个S原子的排布和S在整个分子链中的含量。
本申请的聚酯多元醇及可硫化聚氨酯材料中均含有硫,聚酯多元醇里面没有硫的话,分布在分子链上S原子和S原子之间空间间距太大,后期硫化后形成的网状结构太松散,剥离强度比较低。因此,本申请的聚酯多元醇及可硫化聚氨酯材料中均含有硫,这样分子链上 S原子和S原子之间空间间距适当,后期硫化后形成的网状结构致密,与轮胎的结合强度高。
作为优选,聚酯多元醇由含硫二元醇、不含硫二元醇和二元酸反应合成,所述聚酯多元醇的数均分子量控制在1000-3000,所述聚酯多元醇的合成原料中二元醇的总摩尔质量和二元酸的摩尔质量比是1.2:1~1.4:1。聚酯多元醇的反应合成条件为:230℃高温酯化反应6小时,真空除去小分子醇1小时。
二元醇中含硫二元醇、不含硫二元醇按照质量百分比及配比为:含硫二元醇30-70%,不含硫二元醇30-70%。
作为优选,含硫二元醇选自以下二元醇中的一种或两种的混合物:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000021
和Cl-[CH2]n-OH反应合成的二元醇;
1,4-苯二甲硫醚与Cl-[CH2]n-OH反应合成的二元醇;其中n为1~50。
含硫二元醇合成的最佳条件为硫醚与醇的摩尔比为1:2.1,在10%氢氧化钠碱性环境下,反应时间为3小时,反应温度为90℃。
反应方程式如下:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000031
作为优选,二元酸的分子式为:HOOC-Q1-COOH,
其中Q1为含有2-200个碳原子和0-100个杂原子的脂肪族烃基;或含有5-100个碳原子和0-100 个杂原子的芳香族烃基;或以上脂肪族烃基与芳香族烃基混合的烃基;
杂原子为非过氧基氧、硫、氨基中的一种或几种。具体的,二元酸可选择己二酸、丁二酸、对苯二甲酸等。
作为优选,不含硫二元醇的分子式为:HO-T1-OH,其中T1代表含有2-200个碳原子的脂肪族烃基。
作为优选,异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、氢化甲苯二异氰酸酯任意一种与四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯的组合,其中四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯的重量占异氰酸酯总重量的50-70%。四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯必须含有且占主要用量的作用:1、增加抗紫外线和光稳定性,自行车在户外骑行的时候对材料的耐紫外线和光稳定性要求特别要高,2、增加了该粘结层的强度,弹性和耐磨性。
作为优选,改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层的材料是由可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂、增强改性剂组成,可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂:增强改性剂的质量比=100:1~100:3。
作为优选,增强改性剂是由
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000032
和环氧氯丙烷合成的
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000033
在10%氢氧化钠碱性环境下,反应时间为3小时,反应温度为90℃,冷却至室温后真空抽滤得到淡黄色固体增强改性剂。
反应方程式如下:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000041
增强改性剂既含有硫原子又含有环氧基团,S原子提供了后期硫化的时候可以和含硫聚氨酯一个网穿结构的粘结,含有环氧基团使得该粘结层表面带有环氧基团能对上层聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层有良好的粘结性,并且后期固化后能形成三维网络的化学结构,增加强度。
作为优选,聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层的材料由聚醚改性聚氨酯胶黏剂和固化剂组成,聚醚改性聚氨酯胶黏剂:固化剂的质量比=100:2~100:5。聚醚改性聚氨酯胶黏剂可选购上海汇德的HDBA-6010,固化剂可选购德国拜耳的L-75。
一种自行车轮胎用可硫化的反光布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将热熔材料直接涂在PET膜上形成热熔层;
(2)将玻璃微珠均匀的洒在热熔层上面,经过150℃的烘箱,烘烤一分钟,使得玻璃微珠没入热熔层三分之一到三分之二;
(3)在玻璃微珠表面镀上金属膜形成镀膜反光层;
(4)在镀膜反光层上涂上聚醚改性的聚氨酯胶黏剂和固化剂的混合物,在100℃烘箱内烘烤 4分钟形成表面为聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层的基膜;
(5)在基布上直接涂入可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂和增强改性剂的混合物形成改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层;
(6)将基布的改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层与基膜的聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层复合;
(7)在基布的另一面涂上可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂形成可硫化聚氨酯粘结层。
制作好可硫化的反光布先将涂上可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂的一面贴在自行车未硫化的生胶胎膜上,然后对生胶胎膜造型,最后在170℃,5MP压力下,硫化7分钟时间,可反光的自行车轮胎制作完毕,反光条在轮胎侧面,在灯光照射下,反光效果强烈。
本发明的有益效果是:与各种轮胎硫化效果好,粘结强度高;采用本发明的产品制得的自行车轮胎上反光材料胶膜剥离强度大于3N/5mm,强度高于中国台湾产品。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的具体说明。
本发明中,若非特指,所采用的原料和设备等均可从市场购得或是本领域常用的。下述实施例中的方法,如无特别说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
本申请实施例采用的玻璃微珠为30微米至150微米的空心玻璃微球,是由折射率为 1.92和2.3的玻璃微球组成的,组成比例为3:7。
增强改性剂分子式是
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000051
聚酯多元醇、含硫二元醇的合成可以找厂家定制,也可以通过本发明公开的方法制备。
实施例1:
一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布,由内至外依次包括如下结构层:可硫化聚氨酯粘结层,基布(TC布),改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层,聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层,镀膜反光层,玻璃微珠层,热熔层及PET膜。
各层可选的厚度为可硫化聚氨酯粘结层(40丝)、基布、改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层(25 丝)、聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层(15丝)、镀膜反光层(1丝)、玻璃微珠层(5-10丝)、热熔层(2-4丝)、PET膜(3.6丝)。
制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将热熔材料直接涂在PET膜上形成热熔层;
(2)将玻璃微珠均匀的洒在热熔层上面,经过150℃的烘箱,烘烤一分钟,使得玻璃微珠没入热熔层三分之一到三分之二;
(3)在玻璃微珠表面镀上金属膜形成镀膜反光层;
(4)在镀膜反光层上涂上聚醚改性的聚氨酯胶黏剂和固化剂的混合物,在100℃烘箱内烘烤 4分钟形成表面为聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层的基膜;
(5)在基布上直接涂入可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂和增强改性剂的混合物形成改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层;
(6)将基布的改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层与基膜的聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层复合;
(7)在基布的另一面涂上可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂形成可硫化聚氨酯粘结层。
本实施例中:涂在PET上面的热熔层为聚氨酯树脂;
本实施例中:镀的金属膜为铝;
本实施例中:聚醚改性聚氨酯和固化剂的比例是100:2;
本实施例中:TC布上可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂和增强改性剂的比例是100:1;
本实施例中:可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂配比如下:
聚酯多元醇(己二酸-乙二醇-4,4′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-丁醇醇酯)65%,异氰酸酯(氢化甲苯二异氰酸酯与四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯混合物,其中四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯含量为50%)20%,含硫二元醇(2,2′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-乙醇)10%,不含硫二元醇(1,6-己二醇)5%。
己二酸-乙二醇-4,4′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-丁醇醇酯分子式如下:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000061
2,2′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-乙醇分子式如下:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000062
含硫二元醇还可以采用3,3′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-丙醇
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000063
实施例2:
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于:
本实施例中:涂在PET上面的热熔层为EVA改性SIS热熔胶;
本实施例中:镀的金属膜为银;
本实施例中:聚醚改性聚氨酯和固化剂的比例是100:5;
本实施例中:TC布上可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂和增强改性剂的比例为100:3;
本实施例中:
可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂配比如下:
聚酯多元醇(己二酸-丁二醇-6,6′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-己醇醇酯)75%,异氰酸酯(六亚甲基二异氰酸酯与四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯混合物,其中四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯含量为70%)15%,含硫二元醇(双[4-(3-羟丙基)硫苯基]硫醚)2%,不含硫二元醇(1, 3丙二醇)8%。
己二酸-丁二醇-6,6′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-己醇醇酯分子式如下:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000071
双[4-(3-羟丙基)硫苯基]硫醚分子式如下:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000072
含硫二元醇还可以选择双[4-(3-羟丁基)硫苯基]硫醚、双[4-(3-羟己基)硫苯基]硫醚、双[4-(3-羟乙基)硫苯基]硫醚。
实施例3:
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于:
本实施例中:涂在PET上面的热熔层为丙烯酸改性聚氨酯树脂。
本实施例中:镀的金属膜为银;
本实施例中:聚醚改性聚氨酯和固化剂的比例是100:3;
本实施例中:TC布上可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂和增强改性剂为100:2;
本实施例中:
可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂配比如下:
聚酯多元醇(己二酸-己二醇-3,3′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-丙醇醇酯)80%,异氰酸酯(异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯混合物,其中四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯含量为60%)10%,含硫二元醇(4,4′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-丁醇)6%,不含硫二元醇(1,4-丁二醇)4%。
己二酸-己二醇-3,3′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-丙醇醇酯结构式如下:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000073
4,4′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-丁醇结构式如下:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000074
含硫二元醇还可以采用6,6′-(1,4-苯二甲基)二硫-1-己醇
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000075
本发明产品性能测试:
1、与各种轮胎硫化效果好,粘结强度高。表现的结果为宽度为0.5cm宽的反光条硫 化橡胶胎膜后,然后用剃刀划开,用手去剥。本发明的反光布在用力剥开的时候,是连着橡 胶轮胎一起剥开。按评判等级划分为最优:
用劲剥开反光条
一般 剥开后反光布上有残胶,力不大
中等 剥开后反光布上没有残胶
轻微的劲可剥开反光条
2、采用本发明的产品制得的自行车轮胎上反光材料胶膜剥离强度大于3N/5mm,强度高于中国台湾产品。
3、在自行车骑行测试250小时后,表面不脱落,边角没有轻微的起边。
反光性能如下:
Figure RE-GDA0002194205240000081
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。

Claims (5)

1.一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布,其特征在于,由内至外依次包括如下结构层:可硫化聚氨酯粘结层,基布,改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层,聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层,镀膜反光层,玻璃微珠层,热熔层及PET膜;
所述可硫化聚氨酯粘结层的材料是由聚酯多元醇、含硫二元醇、不含硫二元醇及异氰酸酯反应制成,按重量百分比计,各组分的配比为:聚酯多元醇65-80%,含硫二元醇2-10%,不含硫二元醇4-8%,异氰酸酯10-20%;
聚酯多元醇由含硫二元醇、不含硫二元醇和二元酸反应合成,所述聚酯多元醇的数均分子量控制在1000-3000,所述聚酯多元醇的合成原料中二元醇的总摩尔质量和二元酸的摩尔质量比是1.2:1~1.4:1;
改性可硫化聚氨酯粘结层的材料是由可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂、增强改性剂组成,可硫化聚氨酯胶黏剂:增强改性剂的质量比=100:1~100:3;
增强改性剂是由
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
和环氧氯丙烷合成的
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
含硫二元醇选自以下二元醇中的一种或两种的混合物:
Figure 297131DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
和Cl-[CH2]n-OH反应合成的二元醇;其中n为1~50。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布,其特征在于:
二元酸的分子式为:HOOC-Q1-COOH,
其中Q1为含有2-200个碳原子和0-100个杂原子的脂肪族烃基;或含有5-100个碳原子和0-100个杂原子的芳香族烃基;或以上脂肪族烃基与芳香族烃基混合的烃基;
杂原子为非过氧基氧、硫、氨基中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布,其特征在于:
不含硫二元醇的分子式为:HO-T1-OH,其中T1代表含有2-200个碳原子的脂肪族烃基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布,其特征在于:异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、氢化甲苯二异氰酸酯任意一种与四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯的组合,其中四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯的重量占异氰酸酯总重量的50-70%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种自行车轮胎用可硫化反光布,其特征在于:聚醚改性聚氨酯粘结层的材料由聚醚改性聚氨酯胶黏剂和固化剂组成,聚醚改性聚氨酯胶黏剂:固化剂的质量比=100:2~100:5。
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