CN110449609B - Box type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame and numerical control machining equipment thereof - Google Patents

Box type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame and numerical control machining equipment thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110449609B
CN110449609B CN201910751968.0A CN201910751968A CN110449609B CN 110449609 B CN110449609 B CN 110449609B CN 201910751968 A CN201910751968 A CN 201910751968A CN 110449609 B CN110449609 B CN 110449609B
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axis
box
track
translation
frame
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CN110449609A (en
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于宙
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Nanjing Lingrui Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Lingrui Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/70Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B23Q5/40Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a box-type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame and numerical control machining equipment thereof. The invention adopts a plurality of embedded box type structures: the main shaft box frame is nested in the Y-axis translation box and can be lifted in the Y-axis translation box; the Y-axis translation box is nested in the X-axis translation box and can translate along the Y axis in the X-axis translation box; the X-axis translation box is nested in the X-axis track box and can translate along the X-axis in the X-axis track box. The main shaft box frame is positioned at the center of each box body, and the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are symmetrical. Under this structural style, firstly, the track is unlikely to be because the problem of thermal expansion shrinkage leading to track arch and indent from top to bottom, guarantees the precision in the aspect of vertical from this and does not receive thermal expansion shrinkage influence, secondly, because X axis direction and Y axis direction are symmetry, and the headstock frame is located the center, and when thermal expansion shrinkage, the error that is located the headstock frame X axis direction and the Y axis direction of center is minimum.

Description

Box type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame and numerical control machining equipment thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to numerical control machining equipment, in particular to a main spindle box control mechanism.
Background
Machining precision is an important index of numerical control machining equipment. Many factors affect the numerical control machining equipment, such as servo motors, transmission mechanisms, software control, overall design of the mechanical structure, and even environmental factors. For example, the ambient temperature can enable the metal to expand with heat and contract with cold, so that the mechanical arm stretches and contracts to generate errors. Particularly for large-scale numerical control processing equipment, the error caused by the thermal expansion and contraction effect is particularly obvious due to the large size.
The box type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame is used in large-scale numerical control machining equipment, and a cantilever type supporting mechanism cannot be used due to physical strength and needs to be adopted. In the conventional beam type supporting mechanism, two ends of the beam are usually erected on sliding rails on the top surface of the supporting frame. Errors caused by thermal expansion and cold shrinkage are unavoidable, because two ends of the cross beam are fixed in the direction of the cross beam, when the environmental temperature is high, the cross beam can only arch upwards or sink downwards due to thermal expansion and cold shrinkage, and the accuracy in the vertical aspect is directly affected by the arch upwards or sink of the cross beam.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: in large-scale numerical control processing equipment, when the main shaft box frame adopts crossbeam formula supporting mechanism to support, the crossbeam leads to the problem of precision because expend with heat and contract with cold.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following scheme:
The invention relates to a box type triaxial linkage headstock frame, which comprises an X-axis track mechanism, a Y-axis track box, a Y-axis translation box and a headstock frame, wherein the X-axis track mechanism is arranged on the headstock frame; the X-axis track mechanism comprises two X-axis track grillages which are parallel to each other; an X-axis translation track and an X-axis translation screw rod are arranged on the inner side of the X-axis track plate frame; the X-axis translation track and the X-axis translation screw rod are horizontally arranged; the X-axis translation screw rod is connected with an X-axis translation motor; the X-axis translation motor is arranged on the X-axis track plate frame; the Y-axis track box comprises two Y-axis track grillages which are parallel to each other; two ends of the Y-axis track plate frame are erected on the X-axis translation track through sliding blocks, so that the Y-axis track box is integrally erected between the two X-axis track plate frames; the Y-axis track box is connected with an X-axis translation screw rod, so that the Y-axis track box can translate along the X axis under the drive of an X-axis translation motor and the X-axis translation screw rod; a Y-axis translation track and a Y-axis translation screw rod are arranged on the inner side of the Y-axis track plate frame; the Y-axis translation track and the Y-axis translation screw rod are horizontally arranged; the Y-axis translation screw rod is connected with a Y-axis translation motor; the Y-axis translation motor is arranged on the Y-axis track plate frame; the Y-axis translation box is of a frame structure and is erected on the Y-axis translation rail through a sliding block, so that the Y-axis translation box is clamped between two Y-axis rail grillages; the Y-axis translation box is connected with the Y-axis translation screw rod, so that the Y-axis translation box can translate along the Y axis under the drive of the Y-axis translation motor and the Y-axis translation screw rod; the main shaft box frame is a square column body which is vertically arranged, and a Z-axis lifting slide rail and a Z-axis lifting screw rod are arranged on the side face of the main shaft box frame; the main shaft box frame is erected on a sliding block in the Y-axis translation box frame body through a Z-axis lifting sliding rail; the Z-axis lifting screw rod is connected with a Z-axis lifting motor; the Z-axis lifting motor is arranged on the main shaft box frame; the Z-axis lifting screw rod is connected with the Y-axis translation box, so that the main shaft box frame can be lifted under the drive of the Z-axis lifting motor and the Z-axis lifting screw rod; the bottom of the main shaft box frame is provided with a mounting seat for mounting the main shaft box.
Further, according to the box-type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame, the Y-axis track box further comprises two connecting plates which are parallel to each other; the two connecting plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the Y-axis track grillage and are fixed with the two Y-axis track grillages, so that the two connecting plates and the two Y-axis track grillages form a rectangular box structure.
Further, according to the box-type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame, two sets of Z-axis lifting slide rails and Z-axis lifting screw rods are arranged; the two sets of Z-axis lifting slide rails and the Z-axis lifting screw rods are respectively arranged on the side face of the X-axis track plate frame; the two Z-axis lifting slide rails and the Z-axis lifting screw rod correspond to the two Z-axis lifting motors.
Further, according to the box-type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame, the Y-axis translation motor is arranged on the outer side of the Y-axis track plate frame and is connected with the Y-axis translation screw rod through the toothed belt wheel and the synchronous belt.
The box type numerical control machining equipment comprises the box type triaxial linkage headstock frame, a headstock and a machining table; the main shaft box is arranged at the bottom of the main shaft box frame of the box-type triaxial linkage main shaft box frame through the mounting seat; the processing table is arranged below the Y-axis track box.
According to the box-type numerical control machining equipment, the Y-axis track box further comprises two connecting plates which are parallel to each other; the two connecting plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the Y-axis track grillage and are fixed with the two Y-axis track grillages, so that the two connecting plates and the two Y-axis track grillages form a rectangular box structure.
Further, according to the box type numerical control machining equipment, two sets of Z-axis lifting slide rails and two sets of Z-axis lifting screw rods are arranged; the two sets of Z-axis lifting slide rails and the Z-axis lifting screw rods are respectively arranged on the side face of the X-axis track plate frame; the two Z-axis lifting slide rails and the Z-axis lifting screw rod correspond to the two Z-axis lifting motors.
Further, according to the box-type numerical control machining device, the Y-axis translation motor is arranged on the outer side of the Y-axis track plate frame and is connected with the Y-axis translation screw rod through the toothed belt wheel and the synchronous belt.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention adopts a plurality of embedded box type structures, the main shaft box frames are nested in each box body and are positioned at the center of each box body, and the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are symmetrical. Under this structural style, firstly, the track is unlikely to be because the problem of thermal expansion shrinkage leading to track arch and indent from top to bottom, guarantees the precision in the aspect of vertical from this and does not receive thermal expansion shrinkage influence, secondly, because X axis direction and Y axis direction are symmetry, and the headstock frame is located the center, and when thermal expansion shrinkage, the error that is located the headstock frame X axis direction and the Y axis direction of center is minimum.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall construction of an embodiment of a box triaxial linkage headstock frame of the present invention. Wherein, a Y-axis track grillage and a connecting plate are hidden.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the Y-axis track box, the Y-axis translation box and the spindle box frame in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 and 2 show a box-type triaxial linkage main shaft box frame. The box type triaxial linkage headstock frame is a part of box type numerical control machining equipment and is used for installing a headstock. The spindle box is used for installing a rotary cutter. The box type three-axis linkage spindle box frame, the spindle box and the processing table jointly form box type numerical control processing equipment. The box-type three-axis linkage headstock frame is erected above the processing table, and the headstock is arranged at the bottom of the box-type three-axis linkage headstock frame and realizes X, Y, Z three-axis linkage of the headstock through the box-type three-axis linkage headstock frame. In addition, the main shaft box can also be installed at the bottom of the box type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame through the swinging mechanism, so that four-axis linkage of the main shaft box is realized.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the box-type three-axis linkage headstock frame of the present embodiment includes an X-axis track mechanism, a Y-axis track box, a Y-axis translation box 3, and a headstock frame 4. The X-axis track mechanism comprises two X-axis track grillage 1 which are parallel to each other. An X-axis translation rail 11 and an X-axis translation screw rod 12 are arranged on the inner side of the X-axis rail plate frame 1. The X-axis translation rail 11 and the X-axis translation screw 12 are horizontally disposed. The X-axis translation screw 12 is connected to an X-axis translation motor 13. The X-axis translation motor 13 is mounted on the X-axis track frame 1 and is located at an end of the X-axis track frame 1. The X-axis rail mechanism composed of the two X-axis rail brackets 1 has a box-type structure, and thus, the X-axis rail mechanism is also called an X-axis rail box.
The Y-axis track box, which may also be referred to as an X-axis translation box, is capable of translating in the X-axis direction and provides a track for Y-axis translation of the Y-axis translation box 3. The Y-axis track box includes two mutually parallel Y-axis track brackets 28 and two mutually parallel connecting plates 29. The two connecting plates 29 are respectively arranged at two ends of the Y-axis track grillage 28 and are fixed with the two Y-axis track grillages 28, so that the two connecting plates 29 and the two Y-axis track grillages 28 form a rectangular box structure. Both ends of the Y-axis track frame 28 are erected on the X-axis translation track 11 through the first sliders 26 at the ends, so that the Y-axis track box is integrally erected between the two X-axis track frames 1. The Y-axis track box is connected with the X-axis translation screw rod 12 through a wire sleeve, so that the Y-axis track box can translate along the X axis under the drive of the X-axis translation motor 13 and the X-axis translation screw rod 12.
The inner side of the Y-axis track plate frame 28 is provided with a Y-axis translation track 21 and a Y-axis translation screw 22. The Y-axis translation rail 21 and the Y-axis translation screw 22 are horizontally disposed. The Y-axis translation screw 22 is connected to a Y-axis translation motor 23. The Y-axis translation motor 23 is mounted on a Y-axis track frame 28. In this embodiment, the Y-axis translation motor 23 is mounted on the outer side of the Y-axis track frame 28 and located at the end of the Y-axis track frame 28, the Y-axis translation motor 23 is mounted with a first toothed belt wheel 24, and the end of the Y-axis translation screw 22 is mounted with a second toothed belt wheel 25. The first toothed belt wheel 24 and the second toothed belt wheel 25 are connected by a synchronous belt. Thereby, the Y-axis translation motor 23 is connected to the Y-axis translation screw 22 through a toothed pulley and a timing belt.
The Y-axis translation box 3 is of a frame structure and is erected on the Y-axis translation rail 21 through a second sliding block 31, so that the Y-axis translation box 3 is clamped between the two Y-axis rail grillages 28. The Y-axis translation box 3 is connected to the Y-axis translation screw 22 through a wire sleeve 32, so that the Y-axis translation box 3 can translate along the Y-axis under the drive of the Y-axis translation motor 23 and the Y-axis translation screw 22.
The main shaft box frame 4 is a square column body which is vertically arranged, and a Z-axis lifting sliding rail 41 and a Z-axis lifting screw 42 are arranged on the side face of the main shaft box frame. The main shaft box frame 4 is erected on a sliding block in the frame body of the Y-axis translation box 3 through a Z-axis lifting sliding rail 41. The Z-axis lifting screw 42 is connected to a Z-axis lifting motor 43. The Z-axis lift motor 43 is mounted on the main shaft housing frame 4. The Z-axis lifting screw 42 is connected to the Y-axis translation case 3 so that the main shaft case frame 4 can be lifted by the Z-axis lifting motor 43 and the Z-axis lifting screw 42. The bottom of the headstock frame 4 is provided with a mount 44 for mounting the headstock. In this embodiment, there are two sets of Z-axis lifting slide rails 41 and Z-axis lifting screws 42, and there are two Z-axis lifting motors 43. Two sets of Z-axis lifting slide rails 41 and Z-axis lifting screws 42 are respectively installed on the side face facing the X-axis track plate frame 1. The two Z-axis lifting motors 43 are respectively connected with a Z-axis lifting screw 42.
When the box-type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame of the embodiment is installed on box-type numerical control machining equipment, the box-type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame is fixed on an equipment base through an X-axis track plate frame 1. The Y-axis track box spans above the processing table. The processing station may be stationary or may be rotatable or swingable. The specific details of the construction of the processing station portion are not considered to be within the scope of the present invention as will be familiar to those skilled in the art, and are not repeated herein.

Claims (1)

1. The box type triaxial linkage main shaft box frame is characterized by comprising an X-axis track mechanism, a Y-axis track box, a Y-axis translation box (3) and a main shaft box frame (4); the X-axis track mechanism comprises two X-axis track grillages (1) which are parallel to each other; an X-axis translation rail (11) and an X-axis translation screw rod (12) are arranged on the inner side of the X-axis rail plate frame (1); the X-axis translation track (11) and the X-axis translation screw rod (12) are horizontally arranged; the X-axis translation screw rod (12) is connected with an X-axis translation motor (13); the X-axis translation motor (13) is arranged on the X-axis track plate frame (1); the Y-axis track box comprises two Y-axis track grillages (28) which are parallel to each other; two ends of the Y-axis track plate frame (28) are erected on the X-axis translation track (11) through sliding blocks, so that the Y-axis track box is integrally erected between the two X-axis track plate frames (1); the Y-axis track box is connected with an X-axis translation screw rod (12) so that the Y-axis track box can translate along the X axis under the drive of an X-axis translation motor (13) and the X-axis translation screw rod (12); a Y-axis translation rail (21) and a Y-axis translation screw rod (22) are arranged on the inner side of the Y-axis rail plate frame (28); the Y-axis translation track (21) and the Y-axis translation screw rod (22) are horizontally arranged; the Y-axis translation screw rod (22) is connected with a Y-axis translation motor (23); the Y-axis translation motor (23) is arranged on the Y-axis track plate frame (28); the Y-axis translation box (3) is of a frame structure and is erected on the Y-axis translation rail (21) through a sliding block, so that the Y-axis translation box (3) is clamped between two Y-axis rail grillages (28); the Y-axis translation box (3) is connected with the Y-axis translation screw rod (22), so that the Y-axis translation box (3) can translate along the Y axis under the drive of the Y-axis translation motor (23) and the Y-axis translation screw rod (22); the main shaft box frame (4) is a square column body which is vertically arranged, and a Z-axis lifting sliding rail (41) and a Z-axis lifting screw rod (42) are arranged on the side face of the main shaft box frame; the main shaft box frame (4) is erected on a sliding block in the frame body of the Y-axis translation box (3) through a Z-axis lifting sliding rail (41); the Z-axis lifting screw rod (42) is connected with a Z-axis lifting motor (43); the Z-axis lifting motor (43) is arranged on the main shaft box frame (4); the Z-axis lifting screw rod (42) is connected with the Y-axis translation box (3), so that the main shaft box frame (4) can be lifted under the drive of the Z-axis lifting motor (43) and the Z-axis lifting screw rod (42); the bottom of the main shaft box frame (4) is provided with a mounting seat (44) for mounting the main shaft box; the Y-axis track box further comprises two connecting plates (29) which are parallel to each other; the two connecting plates (29) are respectively arranged at two ends of the Y-axis track grillage (28) and are fixed with the two Y-axis track grillages (28), so that the two connecting plates (29) and the two Y-axis track grillages (28) form a rectangular box structure; the Z-axis lifting slide rail (41) and the Z-axis lifting screw rod (42) are provided with two sets; two sets of Z-axis lifting slide rails (41) and Z-axis lifting screw rods (42) are respectively arranged on the side face of the X-axis track plate frame (1); the two sets of Z-axis lifting slide rails (41) and the Z-axis lifting screw rods (42) correspond to the two Z-axis lifting motors (43); the Y-axis translation motor (23) is arranged on the outer side of the Y-axis track plate frame (28) and is connected with the Y-axis translation screw rod (22) through a gear belt wheel and a synchronous belt.
CN201910751968.0A 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 Box type three-axis linkage main shaft box frame and numerical control machining equipment thereof Active CN110449609B (en)

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CN110449609B true CN110449609B (en) 2024-05-07

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112809404A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-18 沈阳马卡智工科技有限公司 Long-stroke nested ram and gantry machine tool thereof

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