CN110444633A - A kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110444633A
CN110444633A CN201910706665.7A CN201910706665A CN110444633A CN 110444633 A CN110444633 A CN 110444633A CN 201910706665 A CN201910706665 A CN 201910706665A CN 110444633 A CN110444633 A CN 110444633A
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Prior art keywords
solar cell
preparation
perc solar
alkali
monocrystalline perc
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CN201910706665.7A
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刘伟
陈筑
蔡二辉
刘晓巍
俞军
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NINGBO ULICA SOLAR TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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NINGBO ULICA SOLAR TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0216Coatings
    • H01L31/02161Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0236Special surface textures
    • H01L31/02363Special surface textures of the semiconductor body itself, e.g. textured active layers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1804Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to crystal silicon solar energy battery technology of preparing more particularly to a kind of preparation methods of monocrystalline PERC solar cell.It is the following steps are included: S1, alkali polishing;S2, cleaning;S3, deposition backside passivation film;S4, deposition back side silicon nitride;S5, alkali making herbs into wool;S6, phosphorus diffusion;S7, phosphorosilicate glass is removed;S8, deposition front side silicon nitride film;S9, back side fluting;S10, the positive back pastes of silk-screen printing;S11, sintering.Cost is relatively low in this way, effect is preferable and more environmentally friendly.

Description

A kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell
Technical field
The present invention relates to crystal silicon solar energy battery technology of preparing more particularly to a kind of preparations of monocrystalline PERC solar cell Method.
Background technique
Localized contact back passivation (PERC:Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) solar battery is mainly former Reason is to be covered at the back side of silicon wafer with passivating film (aluminium oxide or silicon oxynitride), to play passivated surface, improves long-wave response Effect, to promote the transfer efficiency of battery.Passivating film is very thin, it is desirable that silicon chip surface is smooth as far as possible, so production passivating film It needs to be processed by shot blasting silicon chip back side before, simultaneously because passivating film is non-conductive, also need in manufacturing process with laser pair Passivating film differential trench open, in order to which aluminum metal is contacted with silicon wafer back surface, collected current.In addition aluminium paste is in high-temperature sintering process In, the passivation of passivating film can be destroyed, therefore usually to cover silicon nitride film again on passivating film, played a protective role.
The preparation of existing monocrystalline PERC solar cell includes the following steps: Wafer Cleaning, alkali making herbs into wool, phosphorus diffusion, dephosphorization Silica glass, the polishing of back side acid, deposition backside passivation film, deposition back side silicon nitride, deposition front side silicon nitride film, backside laser are opened Slot, the positive back pastes of silk-screen printing, sintering.But there are the following problems:
The two-sided participation reaction of silicon wafer wool making, is two-sided making herbs into wool.It needs to remove the flannelette at the back side below while to be polished, increased The loss of silicon, while two-sided making herbs into wool also results in the waste of solution.
Sour polishing effect is bad, and back side flatness is inadequate, influences the passivation effect of passivating film, reduces battery efficiency.
Acid polishing uses a large amount of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, generates a large amount of sour gas and high content acid wastewater, needs spy Different processing, cost for wastewater treatment is high, and environmental protection pressure is big.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: a kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell is provided, using this Cost is relatively low, effect is preferable and more environmentally friendly for kind method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell, it includes following step It is rapid:
S1, alkali polishing;
S2, cleaning;
S3, deposition backside passivation film;
S4, deposition back side silicon nitride;
S5, alkali making herbs into wool;
S6, phosphorus diffusion;
S7, phosphorosilicate glass is removed;
S8, deposition front side silicon nitride film;
S9, back side fluting;
S10, the positive back pastes of silk-screen printing;
S11, sintering.
Preferably, step S2 cleaning specifically includes the following steps:
S21, alkali cleaning: using KOH and hydrogen peroxide, removes the organic matter on silicon wafer, and the time is 2-3 minutes;
S22, pickling: using remaining metal ion on hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid mixed solution removal silicon wafer, the time is 2-3 minutes;
S23, washing, drying.
Preferably, KOH concentration is 0.4%-0.8%, hydrogen peroxide concentration 2%-3% in step S21;Hydrochloric acid in step S22 Concentration is 4%-7%, hydrofluoric acid concentration 6%-10%
Preferably, alkali polishing uses sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, concentration 15%-25%, temperature in the step S1 It is 70-75 DEG C, the time is 4-6 minutes.
Preferably, backside passivation film is aluminum oxide film or aluminium oxide and silicon oxynitride two-layer compound in the step S3 Film.
Preferably, step S3 and step S4 is deposited inside same equipment.
It is handled together preferably, the alkali waste water generated in step S1 is pooled in the alkali waste water of step S5 generation.
Using above method compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that alkali polishing step of the invention is placed on Cleaning silicon chip is played the role of in front first, is conducive to subsequent positive making herbs into wool;Secondly alkali polishing meets backside passivation film to back The requirement of surface evenness, effect promote battery efficiency significantly better than acid polishing;Then it is directly carried out at back side coating film after alkali polishing Reason, and back side film is fine and close, can be very good that the back side is protected not influenced by Woolen-making liquid, the so actually single side in making herbs into wool Making herbs into wool reduces silicon wafer loss, saves making herbs into wool solution;Alkali making herbs into wool step finally can be imported by the alkaline waste water that alkali polishing generates In the waste water of generation, unified neutralisation treatment, processing mode is simple, and cost is also low.
Alkali polishing and cleaning are carried out using this Parameter Conditions, effect is preferable, ensure that silicon wafer before depositing passivating film Cleanliness enhances passivating film to the passivation effect of cell backside, improves battery efficiency.
The step of depositing backside passivation film and silicon nitride film in same equipment cavity, eliminating silicon wafer disengaging deposit cavity, Silicon wafer and extraneous contact are avoided, it is possible to prevente effectively from silicon wafer is contaminated.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further below by way of specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited only in detail below in fact Apply mode.
A kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell, it the following steps are included:
Alkali polishing: configuration sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, concentration 15%-25%, temperature is 70-75 DEG C, by monocrystalline silicon piece The gaily decorated basket is put into, submergence is polished for 4-6 minutes in the solution;
Cleaning: the silicon wafer after polishing is cleaned using following steps.KOH and hydrogen peroxide are used first, remove the organic matter on silicon wafer, Time is 2-3 minutes, and wherein KOH concentration is 0.4%-0.8%, hydrogen peroxide concentration 2%-3%;Then mixed using hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid Remaining metal ion on solution removal silicon wafer is closed, the time is 2-3 minutes, and wherein concentration of hydrochloric acid is 4%-7%, and hydrofluoric acid concentration is 6%-10%;Last silicon wafer needs to clean up and dry into deionized water excessively;
Backside deposition passivating film and silicon nitride film: silicon wafer is put into graphite boat and is put into back passivation depositing device cavity, is joined Number setting, is sequentially depositing pellumina, silicon oxynitride film, silicon nitride film in silicon chip back side;
Alkali making herbs into wool: being put into making herbs into wool in aqueous slkali for the silicon wafer of back side coating film, and since the back side is not reacted with Woolen-making liquid, this making herbs into wool is single Wheat flour suede;
Phosphorus diffusion: being spread using tubular type, and by the silicon wafer after making herbs into wool, every two panels is folded to be inserted in quartz boat card slot back-to-back together, into Row phosphorus diffusion.
Remove phosphorosilicate glass;
Positive silicon nitride film;
The back side carries out laser slotting;
Silk-screen printing upper/lower electrode;
Cofiring forms metal contact.
In addition to above-mentioned the step of being discussed in detail, the technique of remaining step is same as the prior art, so in this application It is not developed in details.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations;Although Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that it still can be right Technical solution documented by previous embodiment is modified, or is replaced on an equal basis to part of technical characteristic;And these It modifies or replaces, the essence of corresponding technical solution is not made to be detached from the spirit and model of technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention It encloses.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell, which is characterized in that it the following steps are included:
S1, alkali polishing;
S2, cleaning;
S3, deposition backside passivation film;
S4, deposition back side silicon nitride;
S5, alkali making herbs into wool;
S6, phosphorus diffusion;
S7, phosphorosilicate glass is removed;
S8, deposition front side silicon nitride film;
S9, back side fluting;
S10, the positive back pastes of silk-screen printing;
S11, sintering.
2. a kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S2 Cleaning specifically includes the following steps:
S21, alkali cleaning: using KOH and hydrogen peroxide, removes the organic matter on silicon wafer, and the time is 2-3 minutes;
S22, pickling: using remaining metal ion on hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid mixed solution removal silicon wafer, the time is 2-3 minutes;
S23, washing, drying.
3. a kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step S21 KOH concentration is 0.4%-0.8%, hydrogen peroxide concentration 2%-3%;Concentration of hydrochloric acid is 4%-7%, hydrofluoric acid concentration 6%- in step S22 10%。
4. a kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S1 Middle alkali polishing uses sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, concentration 15%-25%, and temperature is 70-75 DEG C, and the time is 4-6 minutes.
5. a kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S3 Middle backside passivation film is aluminum oxide film or aluminium oxide and silicon oxynitride double-layered compound film.
6. a kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step S3 and step Rapid S4 is deposited inside same equipment.
7. a kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: produced in step S1 Raw alkali waste water is pooled in the alkali waste water of step S5 generation and handles together.
CN201910706665.7A 2019-08-01 2019-08-01 A kind of preparation method of monocrystalline PERC solar cell Pending CN110444633A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111129221A (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-05-08 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Alkaline polishing preparation method of PERC solar cell
CN111564531A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-08-21 山西潞安太阳能科技有限责任公司 Novel preparation process for realizing LDSE (laser direct ion exchanger) by alkali throwing
CN113659040A (en) * 2021-09-08 2021-11-16 苏州潞能能源科技有限公司 Process for treating alkali polishing defective piece of PERC solar cell
CN116013802A (en) * 2023-03-24 2023-04-25 英利能源发展(保定)有限公司 Method for determining passivation performance of battery alumina, electronic equipment and storage medium

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105428450A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 晋能清洁能源科技有限公司 Alkaline polishing method during production of passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) crystalline silicon solar cell
CN105590993A (en) * 2016-02-29 2016-05-18 中利腾晖光伏科技有限公司 Production method of rear surface passivation solar cell
CN105845778A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-08-10 晋能清洁能源科技有限公司 Crystalline silicon PERC cell alkali polishing method not influencing front surface
CN108649098A (en) * 2018-04-19 2018-10-12 常州捷佳创精密机械有限公司 A kind of method of silicon chip single side etching polishing
CN109461777A (en) * 2018-10-24 2019-03-12 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 A kind of PERC cell backside passivating structure and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105428450A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 晋能清洁能源科技有限公司 Alkaline polishing method during production of passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) crystalline silicon solar cell
CN105590993A (en) * 2016-02-29 2016-05-18 中利腾晖光伏科技有限公司 Production method of rear surface passivation solar cell
CN105845778A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-08-10 晋能清洁能源科技有限公司 Crystalline silicon PERC cell alkali polishing method not influencing front surface
CN108649098A (en) * 2018-04-19 2018-10-12 常州捷佳创精密机械有限公司 A kind of method of silicon chip single side etching polishing
CN109461777A (en) * 2018-10-24 2019-03-12 苏州腾晖光伏技术有限公司 A kind of PERC cell backside passivating structure and preparation method thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111129221A (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-05-08 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Alkaline polishing preparation method of PERC solar cell
CN111564531A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-08-21 山西潞安太阳能科技有限责任公司 Novel preparation process for realizing LDSE (laser direct ion exchanger) by alkali throwing
CN113659040A (en) * 2021-09-08 2021-11-16 苏州潞能能源科技有限公司 Process for treating alkali polishing defective piece of PERC solar cell
CN113659040B (en) * 2021-09-08 2023-12-12 苏州潞能能源科技有限公司 PERC solar cell alkaline polishing bad piece treatment process
CN116013802A (en) * 2023-03-24 2023-04-25 英利能源发展(保定)有限公司 Method for determining passivation performance of battery alumina, electronic equipment and storage medium

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Address after: No. 181-197, Shanshan Road, Wangchun Industrial Park, Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, 315177

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