CN110441493B - Adjustable multifunctional landslide river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides adjustable multifunctional landslide river channel accumulation disaster area test equipment which comprises a river channel model device, a landslide model device, a driving device and a water flow velocity control system, wherein the river channel model device comprises a bottom plate, two slope plates and two side plates, the two side plates are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the bottom plate, the two slope plates extend along the front-back direction and are positioned between the two side plates, can slide along the left-right direction and can be rotatably arranged on the side plates around the bottom end, the landslide model device is positioned at the right side of the river channel model device, the slope of a landslide is adjustable, and the driving device is opposite to the upper end of the landslide model device and is used for driving a landslide sample to slide; the water flow velocity control system is used for controlling the water flow velocity in the river channel model device. The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the comprehensive research of various influence factors related to landslide and river accumulation and disaster range is solved, and meanwhile, a plurality of influence factors such as landslide water inflow speed, river flow speed, river width, two bank slopes and the like are considered.

Description

Adjustable multi-function landslide and river accumulation disaster range test equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of landslide model simulation devices, in particular to an adjustable multifunctional landslide river channel accumulation disaster range test device.

Background technique

The accumulation of disaster landslides in rivers has a very significant impact on the natural environment, human life and construction projects. Landslides accumulate in the river, and the increase in the thickness of the sediment is easy to block and form a dam, causing the rapid rise of the water level and endangering the safety of the downstream; at the same time, during the occurrence of the landslide, the entry of water will cause a huge impact force, and the formed swells will affect the buildings on the bank slope. and people's lives and property are threatened; in the reservoir area, after the reservoir is impounded, the landslide material with a large thickness is deposited in the channel, and it is easy to trace the source when the water level of the reservoir decreases, and as the water level drops, the deposited material is prone to collapse. , increase the storage capacity and affect the safe operation of the hydropower station. After the reservoir area is impounded, the volume of sediment accumulated in the bank slope collapse and the landslide sample outbreak is close to, or even exceeds the dead water level storage capacity, the reservoir will lose its regulation and power generation functions, which will directly affect the safety of the reservoir. run.

The characteristics of landslide channel accumulation, blockage and impact force are important parameters for landslide disaster assessment. These characteristics are related to the physical properties of the rock and soil mass of the landslide, the water entry angle, the river flow, and the speed of the landslide. At present, the research on the influencing factors of the hazard range and swell height of landslide river accumulation is based on single or double factors, and it is urgent to consider from the perspective of multiple factors. In order to meet the above requirements, it is urgent to design a test device to simultaneously satisfy various influencing factors such as landslide water entry velocity, landslide water entry angle, river flow velocity, river width, and slope on both sides of the river. A study of surge heights.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention provide an adjustable multi-function landslide river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment, which aims to solve the comprehensive research on the multi-faceted influencing factors of the landslide river channel accumulation and the disaster range, while considering the landslide water entry. There are many influencing factors such as speed, landslide entry angle, river flow speed, river width, and slope of both sides of the river.

The embodiment of the present invention provides an adjustable multi-function landslide river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment, including a river channel model device, a landslide model device, a driving device and a water flow velocity control system;

The river channel model device includes a bottom plate, two slope plates and two side plates, the two side plates are installed at the front and rear ends of the bottom plate, and the two slope plates extend along the front and rear directions and are located on the two side plates. The side plates can be slid along the left and right directions and can be rotatably mounted on the side plates around the bottom end, forming an inner cavity that can accommodate water flow with the bottom plate and the two side plates, and the two side plates are respectively There are water inlet and outlet holes throughout;

The landslide model device is located on the right side of the river channel model device, and includes a base and a landslide. The landslide includes a landslide bottom plate, two landslide side plates and a landslide baffle plate. The left end of the landslide bottom plate is connected to the slope plate on the right side. The upper ends are connected to each other, the inclination angle of the landslide bottom plate is the same as the inclination angle of the slope plate, the two landslide side plates are movably installed at the front and rear ends of the landslide bottom plate, and the extension direction of the two landslide side plates is the same, which is the same as that of the landslide plate. The slope plates can form included angles of different sizes, and the landslide baffle plate can be detachably installed between the two landslide side plates, forming a space for placing landslide samples with the landslide bottom plate and the landslide side plates. an inner cavity; the base is arranged under the bottom plate of the landslide to support the landslide;

The driving device is opposite to the upper end of the landslide model device, and is used for driving the landslide sample to slide down along the landslide bottom plate;

The water flow rate control system includes a suction pump and a second water flow controller, the suction pump is connected to the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole for connecting to an external water source, and the second water flow controller is installed in the water outlet. The pump is used to control the flow velocity of the water flow in the river channel model device.

Further, the side plate of the landslide is rotatably mounted on the left end of the bottom plate of the landslide around the left end, and the side plate of the landslide has a fixed state fixed on the bottom plate of the landslide and a rotating state that can rotate around the left end.

Further, the right end of the side plate of the landslide is provided with a perforation extending in the up-down direction, and the position of the bottom plate of the landslide opposite to the rotation track of the outer edge of the side plate of the landslide is provided with a plurality of spaced positioning holes, and the perforations and The positioning holes are matched with the fixing strips to keep the side plates of the landslide in the fixing state.

Further, the base includes a base body, a fixing plate and a link mechanism, the fixing plate is fixed on the bottom of the landslide bottom plate, and the fixing plate and the base body are connected by a link mechanism; and/or,

The driving device includes a driving mechanism, a driving rod and a driving plate, the extending direction of the driving rod is the same as the extending direction of the side plate of the landslide, the upper end is fixed to the driving mechanism, and the driving plate is fixed to the driving rod The lower end is located at the upper end of the landslide sample and is opposite to the landslide sample, and the driving mechanism applies a thrust to the driving rod along the extension direction of the landslide side plate, so that the landslide sample can move along the Landslide floor slides down.

Further, the bottom ends of the two ramps respectively protrude forward and backward to form protrusions;

Each of the side plates includes a sub-side plate that can be telescopically arranged in the left and right directions and two adjustment plates. The four adjustment plates are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the two slope plates. The four adjustment plates It can be slidably installed on the bottom plate along the left and right directions, the left and right ends of the sub-side plate at the front end are respectively connected with the two adjustment plates at the front end, and the left and right ends of the sub-side plate at the rear end are respectively connected with the The adjusting plate at the rear end is connected, the adjusting plate is provided with a mounting hole at the position opposite to the protrusion, and the protrusion is installed in the mounting hole by matching with the nut, so that the two slopes Both are rotatably mounted on the adjusting plate.

Further, the front and rear ends of the bottom plate are provided with transverse grooves extending in the left-right direction and the notch is upward, and the bottom of the adjustment plate is provided with a convex rib extending in the left-right direction, and the convex rib is connected with the lateral concave groove. The grooves are matched so that the adjusting plate is slidably mounted on the bottom plate.

Further, the sub-side plate includes an outer casing plate and two inner casing plates, the two inner casing plates are respectively located on the left and right sides of the outer casing plate, and are sleeved in the outer casing plate, and the inner casing plate Connect with two adjacent adjustment plates.

Further, the lower end of the outer casing plate is provided with an opening, and the lower end of the inner casing plate passes through the lower end of the outer casing plate and is installed in the transverse groove; the side of the adjustment plate close to the sub-side plate is provided with A vertical groove, the side of the inner sleeve plate close to the adjusting plate is installed in the vertical groove.

Further, the adjusting plate is provided with an angle scale scale.

Further, it also includes a test data measurement system, the test data measurement system includes a first flow rate measurement instrument, a second flow rate measurement instrument, a surge measurement board, a detection test paper and a high-speed camera, and the surge measurement board is located on the left side. On the slope on the side, the detection test paper is fixed on the surge measuring board, and the first flow rate measuring instrument is fixed in the river model device for measuring the water flow velocity in the river model device, The second flow rate measuring instrument is installed at the position opposite to the lower end of the landslide model device, and is used to measure the water inflow when the landslide sample slides into the river channel model device from the bottom of the landslide model device Flow velocity; the high-speed camera is arranged opposite to the lower end of the landslide model device, and is used to record the image when the landslide sample slides into the river channel model device from the bottom of the landslide model device.

The beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are: by changing the width of the side plates to change the width of the river channel model device, and by rotating the slope plate to change the slopes of both sides of the river channel model device, and then different channel widths, Simulation experiments with different slopes. The water flow velocity and the water level height in the river channel model device can be changed by adjusting the water flow rate by means of the suction pump and the second water flow controller installed in the water inlet and outlet holes, so as to carry out simulation tests of different water levels and flow rates. By adjusting the side plates of the landslide, the landslide samples can slide into the river channel model device at different water entry angles, so that simulation tests with different water entry angles can be carried out. Controlling the size of the pressure applied by the driving device to the landslide sample and the amount of the source can provide different kinetic energy to the landslide sample, so that the speed of the landslide sample entering the water is different, and then the landslide sample can be made to enter the water at different speeds. Do a simulation test.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the adjustable multifunctional landslide and river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the river channel model device, the water flow velocity control system and the test data measurement system in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the river channel model device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the front view and bottom view of the side plate in Fig. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the landslide model device and the driving device from a perspective of FIG. 1;

Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the landslide model device and the driving device in Fig. 1;

In the figure: river model device 1, bottom plate support 11, bottom plate 12, transverse groove 121, side plate 13, sub-side plate 131, outer plate 131a, inner sleeve plate 131b, water inlet hole 131c, water outlet hole 131d, adjustment plate 132, rib 132a, vertical groove 132b, mounting hole 132c, angle scale scale 132d, ramp 14, angle indicator bar 141, landslide model device 2, base 21, base body 211, fixing plate 212, link mechanism 213 , landslide 22, landslide bottom plate 221, positioning hole 221a, landslide side plate 222, landslide baffle 223, fixing strip 224, driving device 3, driving mechanism 31, driving rod 32, driving plate 33, water flow rate control system 4, water tank 41 , a water pump 42 , a second water flow controller 43 , a test data measurement system 5 , a first flow velocity measuring instrument 51 , a second flow velocity measuring instrument 52 , a surge measuring board 53 , and a high-speed camera 54 .

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an adjustable multi-function landslide and river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment, including a river channel model device 1, a landslide model device 2, a driving device 3, a water flow velocity control system 4 and a test data measurement system 5.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 , the river channel model device 1 includes a bottom plate support 11 , a bottom plate 12 , two side plates 13 and two slope plates 14 . The bottom plate 12 is fixed on the bottom plate support 11 , and the front and rear ends of the bottom plate 12 are provided with transverse grooves 121 extending in the left-right direction and with the notch upward. Each of the side plates 13 includes a sub-side plate 131 and two adjusting plates 132 that can be telescopically arranged in the left-right direction. Each of the sub-side plates 131 is respectively provided with a water inlet hole 131c and a water outlet hole 131d therethrough. In this embodiment, two water inlet holes 131c are formed through the sub-side plate 131 at the front end, and two water outlet holes 131d are formed through the sub-side plate 131 at the rear end. Referring to FIG. 4 , the sub-side plate 131 includes an outer cover plate 131a and two inner cover plates 131b. The two inner cover plates 131b are respectively located on the left and right sides of the outer cover plate 131a and are sleeved on the outer cover plate. 131a. The lower end of the outer casing plate 131a can be installed in the transverse groove 121. In this embodiment, the lower end of the outer casing plate 131a is provided with an opening, and the lower end of the inner casing plate 131b protrudes from the lower end of the outer casing plate 131a and is installed on the outer casing plate 131a. inside the transverse groove 121 .

Referring to FIG. 3 , the two side plates 13 respectively include two adjusting plates 132 , and the four adjusting plates 132 are respectively disposed on the left and right ends of the two sub-side plates 131 , and the four adjusting plates 132 can extend along the left and right In this embodiment, please refer to FIG. 4 , the bottom of the adjusting plate 132 is provided with a convex rib 132a (see FIG. 4 ) extending in the left and right direction, and the convex rib 132a is connected with the The transverse grooves 121 are matched with each other, so that the adjusting plate 132 is slidably mounted on the bottom plate 12 . The left and right ends of the sub-side plate 131 at the front end are respectively connected with the two adjustment plates 132 at the front end, and the left and right ends of the sub-side plate 131 at the rear end are respectively connected with the adjustment plate 132 at the rear end. In this embodiment, a vertical groove 132b (refer to FIG. 4 ) is formed on the side of the adjusting plate 132 close to the sub-side plate 131 , and the inner sleeve plate 131b is installed on the side close to the adjusting plate 132 in the vertical groove 132b.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the two ramps 14 extend in the front-rear direction and are located between the two side plates 13 , and are slidable in the left-right direction and rotatably mounted on the side plates 13 around the bottom. In an example, each slope plate 14 is located between two adjusting plates 132 opposite to the front and rear, and is rotatably mounted on the adjusting plates 132 . The two slope plates 14, the bottom plate 12 and the two side plates 13 form an inner cavity capable of accommodating water flow. In this embodiment, the bottom ends of the two ramps 14 protrude forward and rearward to form protrusions (not shown in the figure), and the adjusting plate 132 is provided with a mounting hole 132c therethrough. A cap is fitted in the mounting hole 132c, so that the two ramps 14 are both rotatably mounted on the adjusting plate 132, so that the inclination angle of the ramp 14 can be adjusted, and the adjusting plate 132 slides left and right on the bottom plate 12 Therefore, the two ramps 14 are driven to slide left and right on the bottom plate 12, so that the distance between the two ramps 14 can be adjusted to change the width of the river channel, and the influence of different slopes and widths of the river channel on the accumulation of landslide samples can be simulated.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , the adjusting plate 132 is provided with an angle scale scale 132d, and the mounting hole 132c is located at the center of the angle scale scale 132d, according to the degrees indicated by the two slope plates 14 on the angle scale scale 132d The inclination angle of the slope plate 14 is obtained. In this embodiment, the front and rear ends of the two slope plates 14 are provided with angle indicating strips 141. The plate 14 points to the graduation of the angle scale scale 132d as it rotates.

1 and 5, the landslide model device 2 is located on the right side of the river channel model device 1, and includes a base 21 and a landslide 22. The landslide 22 includes a landslide bottom plate 221, two landslide side plates 222 and a landslide baffle 223. The left end of the landslide bottom plate 221 is connected to the upper end of the slope plate 14 located on the right side (please refer to FIG. 1 ), the slope angle of the landslide bottom plate 221 is the same as that of the slope plate 14 , the two landslide side plates 222 are movably installed at the front and rear ends of the landslide bottom plate 221 , and the two landslide side plates 222 extend in the same direction, and can form angles of different sizes with the slope plate 14 . The landslide side plate 222 can be movably installed on the landslide bottom plate 221 by means of magnetic attraction. In this embodiment, the landslide side plate 222 is rotatably mounted on the left end of the landslide bottom plate 221 around the left end. rotation state. In this embodiment, the right end of the landslide side plate 222 is provided with a perforation (not marked in the figure) extending in the up and down direction. A plurality of spaced positioning holes 221a are provided, and the through holes and the positioning holes 221a cooperate with the fixing bars 224 to hold the landslide side plate 222 in the fixed state.

The landslide baffle plate 223 is detachably installed between the two landslide side plates 222, and forms an inner cavity for placing the landslide sample with the landslide bottom plate 221 and the landslide side plate 222; the landslide sample is placed in the On the right side of the landslide baffle plate 223 , when the landslide baffle plate 223 is removed, the landslide sample can slide down along the landslide bottom plate 221 into the river model device 1 .

The base 21 is arranged under the landslide bottom plate 221 to support the landslide 22; the base 21 can be the slope plate 14 of the landslide model device 1, and the left end of the landslide bottom plate 221 is fixedly connected with the right end of the slope plate 14, so that the The landslide bottom plate 221 and the slope plate 14 maintain the same inclination angle. In this embodiment, the base 21 includes a base body 211, a fixing plate 212 and a link mechanism 213. The fixing plate 212 is fixed on the bottom of the landslide bottom plate 221, so The fixing plate 212 is connected with the base body 221 through a link mechanism 213. On the one hand, the base 21 supports the landslide 22, and on the other hand adjusts the position and inclination angle of the landslide 22. According to the inclination angle of the slope plate 14, the linkage mechanism 213 and the base are adjusted. 21, so that the landslide bottom plate 221 is in contact with the slope plate 14 and maintains the same inclination angle.

The driving device 3 is opposite to the upper end of the landslide model device 2 and is used to drive the landslide sample to slide down along the landslide bottom plate 221 ; the driving device 3 includes a driving mechanism 31 , a driving rod 32 and a driving plate 33 , the extending direction of the driving rod 32 is the same as the extending direction of the landslide side plate 222, the upper end is fixed to the driving mechanism 31, the driving plate 33 is fixed to the lower end of the driving rod 32, and is located in the landslide sample At the upper end and opposite to the landslide sample, the driving mechanism 31 applies a thrust force to the driving rod 32 along the extension direction of the landslide side plate 222 , so that the landslide sample slides down along the landslide bottom plate 221 . The driving device 3 can be fixed on the building, or can be fixed on the ground through a bracket (not shown in the figure).

Referring to FIG. 2, the water flow rate control system includes a water tank 41, a suction pump 42 and a second water flow controller 43. The suction pump 42 is connected to the water inlet hole 131c and the water outlet hole 131d for external Water source connection, in this embodiment, the suction pump 42 is connected to the water tank 41 through a water pipe. The second water flow controller 43 is installed on the suction pump 42 for controlling the flow velocity of the water flow in the river model device 1 . In this embodiment, the number of the suction pumps 42 and the second water flow controller 43 are both four, the two suction pumps 42 are connected to the two water inlet holes 131c, the two suction pumps 42 are connected to the two water outlet holes 131d, The water pump 42 is connected to the water tank 41 through the water pipe 33, and the water in the water tank 41 is pumped into the river model device 1, and then returned to the water tank 41 to form a circulation. By controlling the water flow velocity and water level height in the channel model device 1, the effects of different water flow speeds and different water level heights on the accumulation of landslide samples can be simulated.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the test data measurement system 5 includes a first flow velocity measuring instrument 51 , a second flow velocity measuring instrument 52 , a surge measuring board 53 , a detection test paper and a high-speed camera 54 , the surge measuring board 53 It is located on the slope plate 14 on the left side, and the detection test paper is fixed on the surge measuring plate 53. When the landslide sample rushes into the river model device 1 from the landslide 22, the waves stirred up, The test paper will turn red when it encounters water, so that the height of the waves can be seen, and the impact of the landslide 22 on the current and surge can be observed intuitively. The first flow velocity measuring instrument 51 is fixed in the river channel model device 1 and is used to measure the water flow velocity in the river channel model device 1. In this embodiment, the first flow velocity measuring instrument 51 is a pit tube; the second flow velocity measuring instrument 51 is a pit tube; The flow velocity measuring instrument 52 is installed at the position where the right slope plate 14 is connected to the landslide bottom plate 221 , and is used to measure the water inflow when the landslide sample slides into the river model device 1 from the bottom of the landslide 22 . Flow velocity, in this embodiment, the second flow velocity measuring instrument 52 is a laser velocimeter; the high-speed camera 54 is arranged opposite to the lower end of the landslide 22, and is used to record the sliding of the landslide sample from the bottom of the landslide 22 to the bottom of the landslide 22. The video when describing the river model device 1.

In the specific test process, fix the test paper to the designated position on the left ramp 14, install the high-speed camera 54, rotate the slope of the ramps 14 on both sides to the designated angle, and stretch the inner sleeve 131b to adjust the width of the river. To the specified size, adjust the base 21 to adjust the landslide 22 to the same inclination angle as the slope 14 and connect with the upper end of the slope 14, place the landslide sample on the landslide model device 2, turn on the water pump 42, and make the river model The water flow speed and water level in the device 1 meet the test requirements, turn on the high-speed camera 54 and the laser velocimeter, use the driving device 3 to push the landslide sample, and remove the landslide baffle 223. When the landslide sample pours into the channel model device 1 , use a laser velocimeter to record the inflow speed of the landslide sample, and use a high-speed camera 54 to record the entire process from the inflow of the landslide sample into the river channel model device 1 to the accumulation of static. The wave reaches the test paper, and the height and range of the surge can be seen according to the discoloration of the test paper.

By changing the telescopic length of the sub-side plate 131 to change the width of the side plate 13 and thus the width of the channel model device 1, and by rotating the slope plate 14 to change the slopes of both sides of the river channel model device 1, simulations with different channel widths and slopes can be performed. test. The water flow velocity and the water level height in the river channel model device 1 can be changed by adjusting the water flow velocity by means of the suction pump 42 and the second water flow controller 43 installed in the water inlet hole 131c and the water outlet hole 131d, thereby performing simulation tests of different water levels and flow rates. . By rotating the side plate 222 of the landslide, the landslide sample can slide into the river channel model device 1 at different water entry angles, so that simulation tests at different water entry angles can be performed. Controlling the magnitude of the pressure applied by the driving device 3 to the landslide sample and the magnitude of the material source can provide different kinetic energy to the landslide sample, so that the speed at which the landslide sample flows into the water is different, and the landslide sample can enter the water at different speeds. Speed simulation test. The test data measuring device includes a first flow velocity measuring instrument 51, a second flow velocity measuring instrument 52, a surge measuring plate 53 and a high-speed camera 54 to measure the underwater accumulation morphology and the disaster range of the landslide sample, which can effectively measure the water flow velocity , the water entry speed of the landslide sample and the whole process of recording the movement of the landslide sample; the swell measuring board 53 is provided with a sticky water detection test paper, which turns red immediately when it encounters water, so that the impact of the landslide sample on the river water can be observed intuitively. swell effects.

In this document, the related terms such as front, rear, upper and lower are defined by the positions of the components in the drawings and the positions between the components, which are only for the clarity and convenience of expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the locative words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

The above-described embodiments and features of the embodiments herein may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. an adjustable multi-functional landslide river course accumulation disaster range test equipment, is characterized in that, comprises river channel model device, landslide model device, drive device and water flow velocity control system; The river channel model device includes a bottom plate, two slope plates and two side plates, the two side plates are installed at the front and rear ends of the bottom plate, and the two slope plates extend along the front and rear directions and are located on the two side plates. The side plates can be slid along the left and right directions and can be rotatably mounted on the side plates around the bottom end, forming an inner cavity that can accommodate water flow with the bottom plate and the two side plates, and the two side plates are respectively There are water inlet and outlet holes throughout; The landslide model device is located on the right side of the river channel model device, and includes a base and a landslide. The landslide includes a landslide bottom plate, two landslide side plates and a landslide baffle plate. The left end of the landslide bottom plate is connected to the slope plate on the right side. The upper ends are connected to each other, the inclination angle of the landslide bottom plate is the same as the inclination angle of the slope plate, the two landslide side plates are movably installed at the front and rear ends of the landslide bottom plate, and the extension direction of the two landslide side plates is the same, which is the same as that of the landslide plate. The slope plates can form included angles of different sizes, and the landslide baffle plate can be detachably installed between the two landslide side plates, forming a space for placing landslide samples with the landslide bottom plate and the landslide side plates. an inner cavity; the base is arranged under the bottom plate of the landslide to support the landslide; The driving device is opposite to the upper end of the landslide model device, and is used for driving the landslide sample to slide down along the landslide bottom plate; The water flow rate control system includes a suction pump and a second water flow controller, the suction pump is connected to the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole for connecting to an external water source, and the second water flow controller is installed in the water outlet. The pump is used to control the flow velocity of the water flow in the river channel model device. 2. The adjustable multi-function landslide river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment according to claim 1, wherein the landslide side plate can be rotated around the left end to be installed on the left end of the landslide bottom plate, and the landslide side plate has A fixed state fixed on the bottom plate of the landslide, and a rotating state that can rotate around the left end. 3. The adjustable multi-function landslide river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment according to claim 2, wherein the right end of the side plate of the landslide is provided with a perforation extending in the up and down direction, and the bottom plate of the landslide is connected to the A plurality of spaced locating holes are provided at positions opposite to the rotation track of the outer edge of the side plate of the landslide, and the through holes and the locating holes are matched with a fixing strip to keep the side plate of the landslide in the fixed state. 4. The adjustable multifunctional landslide and river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment according to claim 1, wherein the base comprises a base body, a fixing plate and a link mechanism, and the fixing plate is fixed on the landslide bottom plate the bottom, the fixing plate is connected with the base body through a link mechanism; and/or, The driving device includes a driving mechanism, a driving rod and a driving plate, the extending direction of the driving rod is the same as the extending direction of the side plate of the landslide, the upper end is fixed to the driving mechanism, and the driving plate is fixed to the driving rod The lower end is located at the upper end of the landslide sample and is opposite to the landslide sample, and the driving mechanism applies a thrust to the driving rod along the extension direction of the landslide side plate, so that the landslide sample can move along the Landslide floor slides down. 5. The adjustable multi-functional landslide and river channel accumulation disaster-causing range test equipment according to claim 1, wherein the bottom ends of the two slope plates respectively protrude forward and backward to form a bulge; Each of the side plates includes a sub-side plate that can be telescopically arranged in the left and right directions and two adjustment plates. The four adjustment plates are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the two slope plates. The four adjustment plates It can be slidably installed on the bottom plate along the left and right directions, the left and right ends of the sub-side plate at the front end are respectively connected with the two adjustment plates at the front end, and the left and right ends of the sub-side plate at the rear end are respectively connected with the The adjusting plate at the rear end is connected, the adjusting plate is provided with a mounting hole at the position opposite to the protrusion, and the protrusion is installed in the mounting hole by matching with the nut, so that the two slopes Both are rotatably mounted on the adjusting plate. 6. The adjustable multi-functional landslide and river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment according to claim 5, wherein the front and rear ends of the bottom plate are provided with transverse grooves extending in the left-right direction and the notch is upward, so that the The bottom of the adjusting plate is provided with protruding ribs extending in the left and right directions, and the protruding ribs are matched with the transverse grooves, so that the adjusting plate is slidably mounted on the bottom plate. 7. The adjustable multi-function landslide and river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment according to claim 6, wherein the sub-side plate comprises an outer plate and two inner plates, and the two inner plates are respectively located in the The left and right sides of the outer sleeve plate are sleeved in the outer sleeve plate, and the inner sleeve plate is connected with two adjacent adjustment plates. 8. The adjustable multi-functional landslide and river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment as claimed in claim 7, wherein the lower end of the outer jacket plate is arranged in an opening, and the lower end of the inner jacket plate is installed through the lower end of the outer jacket plate. in the lateral groove; the side of the adjustment plate close to the sub-side plate is provided with a vertical groove, and the side of the inner sleeve plate close to the adjustment plate is installed in the vertical groove . 9 . The adjustable multifunctional landslide and river channel accumulation disaster-causing range test equipment according to claim 5 , wherein an angle scale is provided on the adjustment plate. 10 . 10. The adjustable multi-functional landslide and river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a test data measurement system, the test data measurement system comprising a first flow velocity measuring instrument, a second flow velocity measuring instrument instrument, surge measurement board, detection test paper and high-speed camera, the surge measurement board is arranged on the slope on the left side, the detection test paper is fixed on the surge measurement board, the first flow rate The measuring instrument is fixed in the river channel model device for measuring the water flow velocity in the river channel model device, and the second flow rate measuring instrument is installed at the position opposite to the lower end of the slope plate and the landslide model device for measuring The water flow rate when the landslide sample slides into the river channel model device from the bottom of the landslide model device; the high-speed camera is arranged opposite the lower end of the landslide model device, and is used to record the movement of the landslide sample from the river channel model device. The image when the bottom of the landslide model device slides into the river model device.

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