CN103033607B - Manual rack type dead-weight loading device for landslide physical model test - Google Patents
Manual rack type dead-weight loading device for landslide physical model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN103033607B CN103033607B CN201210546922.3A CN201210546922A CN103033607B CN 103033607 B CN103033607 B CN 103033607B CN 201210546922 A CN201210546922 A CN 201210546922A CN 103033607 B CN103033607 B CN 103033607B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manual rack type dead-weight loading device for a landslide physical model test. The device comprises a bottom plate, a sliding surface adjusting mechanism and a thrust loading mechanism, wherein the sliding surface adjusting mechanism is located on the bottom plate and comprises a sliding panel, two groups of racks and gears which are mutually meshed, two transmission shafts, two groups of worm wheels and worms which are mutually meshed, two rocking handles and a guide holder; the guide holder is fixed on the bottom plate; vertical guide grooves are formed at the front part and the rear part of the guide holder respectively; one group of racks are located in the guide groove at the front part of the guide holder, while the other group of racks are located in the guide groove at the rear part of the guide holder; each group of racks and one of worm wheels are arranged on the guide holder through the transmission shafts; each worm is connected with one of the rocking handles; the front end of the sliding panel is hinged with the tops of the group of racks which are located at the front part of the guide holder, while the rear end of the sliding panel is arranged on the group of racks which are located at the rear part of the guide holder; the thrust loading mechanism comprises a loading platform; the bottom of the loading platform is in sliding fit with the top surface of the sliding panel; and the loading platform can slide along the sliding panel forth and back.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geologic hazard model test field, refer to a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger particularly.
Background technology
Landslide physical model test belongs to the category of geomechanical model test, its theory originates from the structural model test early in the twentieth century set up, and develops gradually at present and extends many research directions such as landslide site-models test, landslide floor friction model test, landslide architecture model test, landslide centrifugal model test and landslide unified model test.Wherein, landslide architecture model test refers in common gravity field, by adopting the analog material analogue formation meeting criterion of similarity in frame model groove, measures its distortion and each mechanics parameters when model meets Main Boundaries conditional likelihood.This test can observe the motion feature of gliding mass in sliding process intuitively, also can obtain the parameter such as stress, strain, displacement on landslide quantitatively, can illustrate the mechanism coming down and breed and develop from the angle of quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Under the architecture model test condition of landslide, landslide physical is generally deform under force conditions outside or destroy.The major way of External Force Acting has: the seismic event of mechanical shock or blasting from simulation; Change the seepage effect that the water-level fluctuation of lower portion height of water level simulated reservoir causes; Seepage effect under rainfall simulator simulated rainfall conditions; The mode of artificial preloading provides Thrust of Landslide at landslide physical trailing edge; On landslide, trailing edge arranges steel plate, and applies Thrust of Landslide etc. under hydraulic jack or the effect of MTS hydraulic servo thrust device.
Wherein, also there is following limitation or defect in the mode for landslide physical trailing edge applied thrust:
(1) thrust of existing landslide physical trailing edge loads and control system often complex structure, complex operation, and the landslide trailing edge thrust be difficult to meet fast, stablize, continuing loads requirement;
(2) although the mode of the artificial preloading of existing employing can apply stable acting force at landslide trailing edge, accurate control is difficult to the size of Thrust of Landslide and direction, apply the boundary condition of external force and actual conditions are not inconsistent.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is just to provide a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger, the size and Orientation that landslide physical trailing edge thrust loads can be regulated easily and quickly, the thrust of applying is consistent with landslide actual boundary condition, and realize loading by the deadweight of demarcating weight, loading force is stable lasting.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger provided by the invention, comprises base plate, slipping plane governor motion and thrust load maintainer, described slipping plane governor motion is positioned on base plate, slipping plane governor motion comprises slidable panels, two groups of intermeshing rack and pinions, two transmission shafts, two groups of intermeshing worm gears and worm screw, two rocking handles and guide holder, described guide holder is fixed on base plate, the front and rear of guide holder is respectively equipped with vertical gathering sill, one group of tooth bar is positioned at the gathering sill of guide holder front portion, another group tooth bar is positioned at the gathering sill at guide holder rear portion, often group gear and a worm gear are arranged on guide holder by transmission shaft, each worm screw is connected with a rocking handle respectively, for rotating under the drive of rocking handle, the front end of described slidable panels and one group of tooth bar top of guide holder front portion hinged, rear end is propped up and is located on one group of tooth bar at guide holder rear portion, described thrust load maintainer comprises the weighted platform for carrying weight, the bottom surface of weighted platform and the end face of slidable panels is slidably matched, can along slidable panels slide anteroposterior.
In technique scheme, the bottom surface of described weighted platform is shiny surface, the end face both sides of described slidable panels are provided with arris, for the guiding of weighted platform, two arris are respectively equipped with a row hole and hole is relative between two, be provided with slide bar in relative holes, the bottom surface of weighted platform is coordinated by described sliding bar with the end face of slidable panels.
In technique scheme, the rear end of described weighted platform is provided with mortise lock, temporary fixed for weighted platform and slidable panels.
In technique scheme, the bottom surface of described slidable panels has chute, and one group of tooth bar top in the gathering sill of described guide holder rear portion is provided with sliding connection block, and sliding connection block is positioned at chute, for the guiding of sliding connection block.
In technique scheme, described intermeshing worm gear and worm screw self-locking conditions satisfied.
In technique scheme, often organize intermeshing rack and pinion and comprise two toothed rack and corresponding two gears.
In technique scheme, described rack and pinion, worm gear and worm screw meet ratio of gear relation: worm screw is rotated one week, drives worm gear, pinion rotation successively, the distance of a tooth bar translation tooth.
In technique scheme, below described base plate, be provided with several rows travelling wheel.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) this charger can be applicable to landslide architecture model test, by trailing edge dead-weight controlled loading simulation landslide inertial thrust, realizes the research of the incomplete geomechanics model in landslide, greatly reduces the making intensity of complete geomechanics model;
(2) this charger is realized by manual adjustments completely, and structure is simple, is easy to operation, with low cost;
(3) this charger achieves continuous, accurate, the Sustainable Control loading height and load angle by two groups of tooth bars, makes the thrust of applying and actual boundary condition meet well;
(4) the landslide physical thrust that this charger is applicable to differing heights loads, for the Landslide Model of different sliding surface height without the need to making the charger of differing heights one by one;
(5) this charger is applicable to the landslide physical of different sliding surface angle, without the need to making the charger of different angles one by one;
(6) sliding bar in this charger on the bottom surface of weighted platform and slidable panels with the use of, reduce the frictional resistance effect in weighted platform downslide process greatly, effectively convert gravity load to thrust;
(7) in this charger, the rear end of weighted platform is provided with mortise lock, achieves the temporary fixed of weighted platform and slidable panels easily;
(8) this charger is as an independent system, and with landslide physical framework apart, durability is good, reusable;
(9) because this bulking block intensity is high, rigidity large, component occurs that the possibility destroyed is very little once in a while, even if occur damaged, is also easy to repair or change;
(10) setting of base plate bottom row travelling wheel, is convenient to movement and the transport of whole device;
(11) this deadweight charger can be widely used in the loading of thrust in the geomechanical model test comprising the types such as rock landslide o earth slope, side slope, has a extensive future, remarkable in economical benefits.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 3 is the rear view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 4 is the right view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 5 is the postrotational vertical view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 6 is the using state schematic diagram of Fig. 1 application of installation when the architecture model that comes down is tested.
In figure: 1-mortise lock, 2-weighted platform, 3-slidable panels, 4-slide bar, 5-tooth bar, 6-gear, 7-worm gear, 8-transmission shaft, 9-end face bearing (ball) cover, 10-worm screw, 11-side bearings end cap, 12-guide holder, 13-rocking handle, 14-base plate, 15-road wheel, 16-be fixedly connected with block, 17-test framework, 18-sliding bed, 19-gliding mass, 20-slide strips, 21-sliding connection block.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger of the present invention, comprises base plate 14, slipping plane governor motion and thrust load maintainer, specifically.
Several rows travelling wheel 15 is provided with, so that the movement of whole device below base plate 14.
Slipping plane governor motion is positioned on base plate 14, and the slipping plane governor motion of the present embodiment comprises slidable panels 3, two groups of intermeshing tooth bars 5 and gear 6, two transmission shafts 8, two groups of intermeshing worm gears 7 and worm screw 10, two rocking handles 13 and guide holder 12.Guide holder 12 is fixed on base plate 14, the front and rear of guide holder 12 is respectively equipped with two vertical gathering sills, one group of tooth bar 5 is positioned at the gathering sill of guide holder 12 front portion, another group tooth bar 5 is positioned at the gathering sill at guide holder 12 rear portion, often organizing tooth bar 5 is two, and tooth bar 5 can along gathering sill elevating movement.Often organizing gear 6 and a worm gear 7 is fixed on a transmission shaft 8 jointly, and transmission shaft 8 is propped up by bearing and is located on guide holder 12, can rotates around its axis.Each worm screw 10 is fixedly connected with a rocking handle 13 respectively, can rotate under the drive of rocking handle 13.The front end of slidable panels 3 is hinged by being fixedly connected with block 16 with one group of tooth bar 5 top of guide holder 12 front portion, the bottom surface, rear end of slidable panels 3 has chute, two toothed rack 5 tops in the gathering sill of guide holder 12 rear portion are provided with sliding connection block 21, sliding connection block 21 is positioned at chute, for the guiding of sliding connection block 21.The height of slidable panels 3 is regulated by the adjustable height of two groups of tooth bars 5, and the inclination angle of slidable panels 3 is then determined by the OQ t height of two groups of tooth bars 5.The elevating control often organizing tooth bar 5 is linked by rocking handle 13, worm screw 10, worm gear 7, transmission shaft 8 and gear 6 successively and realizes.For guaranteeing the convenient fixing of slidable panels 3, often organizing intermeshing worm gear 7 and worm screw 10 self-locking conditions satisfied, possessing auto-lock function.For ease of operation and the inclination angle calculating slidable panels 3, the present embodiment middle rack 5 and gear 6, worm gear 7 and worm screw 10 meet such ratio of gear relation: namely worm screw 10 rotates one week, and drive worm gear 7, gear 6 rotate successively, the distance of a tooth bar 5 translation tooth.Like this, the difference in height obtained according to the number of teeth of front and rear tooth bar difference and the level interval of front and rear tooth bar can converse the inclination angle of slidable panels 3; Conversely, when determine slidable panels 3 inclination angle is set after, be also convenient to calculate revolution needed for rocking handle 13.Here, the reading of rocking handle 13 revolution can manually be read, and also can obtain by arranging simple pen recorder, such as rope-skipping counter etc.
The thrust load maintainer of the present embodiment comprises the weighted platform 2 for carrying weight, and the inclination angle of weighted platform 2 bottom surface should be identical with slide strips 20 inclination angle of Landslide Model.The bottom surface of weighted platform 2 is flat smooth face, the end face both sides of above-mentioned slidable panels 3 are provided with arris, play the guiding role, two arris are respectively equipped with a row hole and hole is relative between two, be provided with slide bar 4 in relative holes, the bottom surface of weighted platform 2 and the end face of slidable panels 3 are slidably matched by these slide bars 4.The end face of weighted platform 2 is surface level or concavity, for carrying the object through demarcating after weight, make it to glide along slidable panels 3 with weighted platform 2 under deadweight condition, acted on Landslide Model by weighted platform 2 front panel, and the gravity covering preloading above provides corresponding horizontal loading along the component of slidable panels 3 horizontal direction.Also be provided with mortise lock 1 in the rear end of weighted platform 2, before using for device, weighted platform 2 and slidable panels 3 is temporary fixed.
As shown in Figure 6, the roughly process applying the present invention to landslide architecture model test is:
One, early-stage preparations
1, for Research Requirements, according to the principle of similitude, the landslide scale model after generalization is drafted; With similarity model test result for standard, preparation sliding bed 18, slide strips 20, gliding mass 19 analog material respectively.The analog material that preparation is even, water percentage is constant is adopted to make Landslide Model according to the landslide scale model spatial shape drafted;
2, measure the inclination angle of Landslide Model trailing edge slide strips 20, make corresponding weighted platform 2;
Two, the adjustment of device is with fixing
3, charger of the present invention is pushed into assigned address, and just to landslide trailing edge, by locked for the road wheel 15 below charger base plate 14 fixing;
4, by rotating anterior rocking handle 13, make anterior tooth bar 5 increase, now slidable panels 3 front end is highly consistent with Landslide Model trailing edge slide strips 20, and slidable panels 3 front height is temporary fixed because of worm gear 7 and worm screw 10 self-locking;
5, rotate rear portion rocking handle 13, rear portion tooth bar 5 rises, until highly consistent with anterior tooth bar 5;
6, be rotated further rear portion rocking handle 13, and record number of revolutions (tooth bar 5 rise the number of teeth), make rear portion tooth bar 5 increase.Stop operating when the inclination angle that slidable panels 3 is formed is consistent with trailing edge slide strips 20 inclination angle, landslide.Slidable panels 3 rear height is temporary fixed because of worm gear 7 and worm screw 10 self-locking;
Three, thrust loads
7, demarcate weighted platform 2 weight, and load needs according to thrust, the weight required for weighing;
8, weighted platform 2 is installed;
9, open the mortise lock 1 at weighted platform 2 rear portion, hand steered weighted platform 2 make its slip until with landslide trailing edge contact after, unclamp both hands;
10, on weighted platform 2, vertically, the weight demarcated slowly is placed, until Landslide Deformation or destruction.It should be noted that the end face of weighted platform 2 should be not less than gliding mass 19 apical side height in order to avoid gliding mass 19 in loading procedure to extrude from weighted platform 2 top, accordingly, when making weighted platform 2, suitably can improve the height of its vertical loading surface;
Four, off-test
11, the weight of preloading on first removal weighted platform 2, then by weighted platform 2 removal;
12, the rocking handle 13 that reverses makes slidable panels 3 decline;
13, unclamp the braking of base plate 14 bottom row travelling wheel 15, this thrust charger is moved to appointed place.
Core of the present invention is the setting of slipping plane governor motion, to make to adopt from the thrust size and Orientation of reloading continuously, accurately adjustable, and the thrust of applying is consistent with landslide actual boundary condition, and loading force is stable.So its protection domain is not limited to above-described embodiment.Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and distortion to the present invention and not depart from the scope of the present invention and spirit, such as: the sliding matching mode between weighted platform 2 and slidable panels 3 is not limited to the structure of flat smooth face in embodiment and slide bar 4, as long as be convenient to the relative slide anteroposterior of the two; The inclination angle of slidable panels 3 is obtained by number of teeth differential conversion, and number of teeth difference is directly by the reading acquisition of record rocking handle 13 revolution, and rocking handle 13 rotates the ratio of gear relation that the motion process that causes tooth bar 5 to rise need meet and can carry out different values etc. as required.If these are changed and distortion belongs in the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and distortion.
Claims (7)
1. a landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger, is characterized in that: comprise base plate (14), slipping plane governor motion and thrust load maintainer, described slipping plane governor motion is positioned on base plate (14), slipping plane governor motion comprises slidable panels (3), two groups of intermeshing tooth bars (5) and gear (6), two transmission shafts (8), two groups of intermeshing worm gears (7) and worm screw (10), two rocking handles (13) and guide holder (12), described guide holder (12) is fixed on base plate (14), the front and rear of guide holder (12) is respectively equipped with vertical gathering sill, one group of tooth bar (5) is positioned at the anterior gathering sill of guide holder (12), another group tooth bar (5) is positioned at the gathering sill at guide holder (12) rear portion, often organizing gear (6) is arranged on guide holder (12) with a worm gear (7) by transmission shaft (8), each worm screw (10) is connected with a rocking handle (13) respectively, for rotating under the drive of rocking handle (13), described tooth bar (5) and gear (6), worm gear (7) and worm screw (10) meet ratio of gear relation: worm screw (10) is rotated one week, drive worm gear (7) successively, gear (6) rotates, the distance of tooth bar (5) translation tooth, one group of tooth bar (5) top of the front end of described slidable panels (3) and guide holder (12) front portion is hinged, rear end is propped up and is located on one group of tooth bar (5) at guide holder (12) rear portion, described thrust load maintainer comprises the weighted platform (2) for carrying weight, the bottom surface of weighted platform (2) and the end face of slidable panels (3) is slidably matched, can along slidable panels (3) slide anteroposterior, the bottom surface of described weighted platform (2) is shiny surface, the end face both sides of described slidable panels (3) are provided with arris, for the guiding of weighted platform (2), two arris are respectively equipped with a row hole and hole is relative between two, be provided with slide bar (4) in relative holes, the bottom surface of weighted platform (2) and the end face of slidable panels (3) are slidably matched by described slide bar (4).
2. a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the rear end of described weighted platform (2) is provided with mortise lock (1), temporary fixed for weighted platform (2) and slidable panels (3).
3. a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface of described slidable panels (3) has chute, one group of tooth bar (5) top in the gathering sill of described guide holder (12) rear portion is provided with sliding connection block (21), sliding connection block (21) is positioned at chute, for the guiding of sliding connection block (21).
4. a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described intermeshing worm gear (7) and worm screw (10) self-locking conditions satisfied.
5. a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described intermeshing worm gear (7) and worm screw (10) self-locking conditions satisfied.
6. a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: often organize intermeshing tooth bar (5) and gear (6) comprises two toothed rack (5) and corresponding two gears (5).
7. a kind of landslide physical model test manual rack type dead-weight charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described base plate (14) below is provided with several rows travelling wheel (15).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210546922.3A CN103033607B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Manual rack type dead-weight loading device for landslide physical model test |
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| CN201210546922.3A CN103033607B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Manual rack type dead-weight loading device for landslide physical model test |
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| CN103033607B true CN103033607B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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| CN104807746B (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2018-10-02 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Adjustable-angle side slope testing stand |
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| CN108107188B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-12-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Testing device with adjustable loading angle |
| CN110441493B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-06-16 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Adjustable multifunctional landslide river channel accumulation disaster range test equipment |
| CN110514532A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-29 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of block structure face shear rheology test device and method |
| CN111768687B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-03-11 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | A variable topography support device for landslide simulation |
| CN111983185B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2023-12-01 | 河海大学 | Reservoir bank water level change and slope angle variable landslide model test device and method under earthquake and rainfall coupling effect |
| CN112557178B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-11-03 | 中北大学 | Multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device |
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