CN103033607A - Manual rack type dead-weight loading device for landslide physical model test - Google Patents
Manual rack type dead-weight loading device for landslide physical model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN103033607A CN103033607A CN2012105469223A CN201210546922A CN103033607A CN 103033607 A CN103033607 A CN 103033607A CN 2012105469223 A CN2012105469223 A CN 2012105469223A CN 201210546922 A CN201210546922 A CN 201210546922A CN 103033607 A CN103033607 A CN 103033607A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manual rack type dead-weight loading device for a landslide physical model test. The device comprises a bottom plate, a sliding surface adjusting mechanism and a thrust loading mechanism, wherein the sliding surface adjusting mechanism is located on the bottom plate and comprises a sliding panel, two groups of racks and gears which are mutually meshed, two transmission shafts, two groups of worm wheels and worms which are mutually meshed, two rocking handles and a guide holder; the guide holder is fixed on the bottom plate; vertical guide grooves are formed at the front part and the rear part of the guide holder respectively; one group of racks are located in the guide groove at the front part of the guide holder, while the other group of racks are located in the guide groove at the rear part of the guide holder; each group of racks and one of worm wheels are arranged on the guide holder through the transmission shafts; each worm is connected with one of the rocking handles; the front end of the sliding panel is hinged with the tops of the group of racks which are located at the front part of the guide holder, while the rear end of the sliding panel is arranged on the group of racks which are located at the rear part of the guide holder; the thrust loading mechanism comprises a loading platform; the bottom of the loading platform is in sliding fit with the top surface of the sliding panel; and the loading platform can slide along the sliding panel forth and back.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geologic hazard model test field, refer to particularly the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of a kind of landslide physical experiments charger.
Background technology
The landslide physical experiments belongs to the category of geomechanical model test, its theory originates from the structural model test of early in the twentieth century setting up, and develops gradually at present and extended many research directions such as the on-the-spot model test in landslide, landslide floor friction model test, landslide architecture model test, landslide centrifugal model test and landslide unified model test.Wherein, landslide architecture model test refers in common gravity field, by adopt the analog material analogue formation that satisfies criterion of similarity in the frame model groove, measures its distortion and each mechanics parameters in the situation that model satisfies the Main Boundaries conditional likelihood.This test can be observed the motion feature of gliding mass in sliding process intuitively, and the parameters such as the stress that also can obtain quantitatively to come down, strain, displacement can be illustrated the mechanism that the landslide is bred and developed from the angle of quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Under the architecture model test condition of landslide, the landslide physical model generally is to deform under the force conditions outside or destroy.The major way of External Force Acting has: the seismic event of mechanical shock or blasting from simulation; Change the seepage effect that framework water level inside altitude simulation water level fluctuation of reservoir causes; Seepage effect under the rainfall simulator simulated rainfall conditions; The mode of artificial preloading provides Thrust of Landslide at landslide physical model trailing edge; Trailing edge is arranged steel plate on the landslide, and applies Thrust of Landslide etc. under hydraulic jack or the effect of MTS hydraulic servo thrust device.
Wherein, the mode for landslide physical model trailing edge applied thrust also exists following limitation or defective:
(1) thrust of existing landslide physical model trailing edge loads and control system often complex structure, complex operation, is difficult to satisfy fast, landslide trailing edge thrust stable, that continue loads requirement;
(2) although the existing mode of artificial preloading that adopts can apply stable acting force at the landslide trailing edge, size and the direction of Thrust of Landslide is difficult to accurate control, boundary condition and the actual conditions of the external force that applies are not inconsistent.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention just provides the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of a kind of landslide physical experiments charger, can regulate easily and quickly the size and Orientation that landslide physical model trailing edge thrust loads, the thrust that applies is consistent with the landslide actual boundary condition, and realize loading by the deadweight of demarcating weight, loading force is stable lasting.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of a kind of landslide provided by the invention physical experiments charger comprises base plate, slipping plane governor motion and thrust load maintainer; Described slipping plane governor motion is positioned on the base plate, the slipping plane governor motion comprises slidable panels, two groups of intermeshing rack and pinions, two transmission shafts, two groups of intermeshing worm gears and worm screw, two rocking handles and guide holder, described guide holder is fixed on the base plate, the front and rear of guide holder is respectively equipped with vertical gathering sill, one group of tooth bar is positioned at the gathering sill of guide holder front portion, another group tooth bar is positioned at the gathering sill at guide holder rear portion, every group of gear and a worm gear are arranged on the guide holder by transmission shaft, each worm screw is connected with a rocking handle respectively, be used for rotating under the drive of rocking handle, one group of tooth bar top of the front end of described slidable panels and guide holder front portion is hinged, prop up on the one group of tooth bar that is located at the guide holder rear portion rear end; Described thrust load maintainer comprises the weighted platform for the carrying weight, the bottom surface of weighted platform with the end face of slidable panels is slidingly matched, can slip before and after the slidable panels.
In the technique scheme, the bottom surface of described weighted platform is shiny surface, the end face both sides of described slidable panels are provided with arris, the guiding that is used for weighted platform, two arris be respectively equipped with a row hole and the hole relative in twos, be provided with slide bar in the two relative holes, the bottom surface of weighted platform and the end face of slidable panels are slidingly matched by described slide bar.
In the technique scheme, the rear end of described weighted platform is provided with mortise lock, is used for the temporary fixed of weighted platform and slidable panels.
In the technique scheme, the bottom surface of described slidable panels has chute, and one group of tooth bar top in the gathering sill of described guide holder rear portion is provided with sliding connection block, and sliding connection block is positioned at chute, is used for the guiding of sliding connection block.
In the technique scheme, described intermeshing worm gear and worm screw self-locking conditions satisfied.
In the technique scheme, every group of intermeshing rack and pinion comprises two toothed rack and corresponding two gears.
In the technique scheme, described rack and pinion, worm gear and worm screw are satisfied the ratio of gear relation: worm screw is rotated a week, drives successively worm gear, gear rotation, the distance of a tooth of tooth bar translation.
In the technique scheme, described floor below is provided with the several rows travelling wheel.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) this charger can be applicable to come down architecture model test by the controlled loading simulation of the trailing edge dead-weight inner thrust that comes down, realizes the research of the non-complete geomechanics model in landslide, has reduced greatly the making intensity of complete geomechanics model;
(2) this charger is realized by manual adjustments fully, and is simple in structure, and easy operating is with low cost;
(3) this charger has realized loading continuous, accurate, the Sustainable Control of height and load angle by two groups of tooth bars, so that the thrust that applies and actual boundary condition meet well;
(4) this charger is applicable to the landslide physical model thrust loading of differing heights, need not to make one by one the charger of differing heights for the Landslide Model of different sliding surface height;
(5) this charger is applicable to the landslide physical model of different sliding surface angles, need not to make one by one the charger of different angles;
(6) bottom surface of weighted platform and the slide bar on the slidable panels use that is slidingly matched in this charger has reduced the frictional resistance effect in the weighted platform downslide process greatly, effectively converts gravity load to thrust;
(7) rear end of weighted platform is provided with mortise lock in this charger, has realized easily the temporary fixed of weighted platform and slidable panels;
(8) this charger is as an independent system, and with landslide physical model framework apart, durability is good, reusable;
(9) because this bulking block intensity is high, rigidity is large, it is very little that the possibility destroyed appears in member once in a while, even if occur damagedly, also is easy to repair or change;
(10) movement and the transportation of whole device are convenient in the setting of floor below road wheel;
(11) this deadweight charger can be widely used in the loading of thrust in the geomechanical model test of types such as comprising ground matter landslide, side slope, has a extensive future remarkable in economical benefits.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 3 is the rear view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 4 is the right view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 5 is the postrotational vertical view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 6 is the use view of Fig. 1 application of installation when the architecture model test of landslide.
Among the figure: 1-mortise lock, 2-weighted platform, 3-slidable panels, 4-slide bar, 5-tooth bar, 6-gear, 7-worm gear, 8-transmission shaft, 9-end face bearing (ball) cover, 10-worm screw, 11-side bearing (ball) cover, 12-guide holder, 13-rocking handle, 14-base plate, 15-road wheel, 16-be fixedly connected with piece, 17-test framework, 18-sliding bed, 19-gliding mass, 20-sliding band, 21-sliding connection block.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
To shown in Figure 5, the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of a kind of landslide of the present invention physical experiments charger comprises base plate 14, slipping plane governor motion and thrust load maintainer, specifically such as Fig. 1.
The slipping plane governor motion is positioned on the base plate 14, and the slipping plane governor motion of the present embodiment comprises slidable panels 3, two groups of intermeshing tooth bars 5 and gear 6, two transmission shafts 8, two groups of intermeshing worm gears 7 and worm screw 10, two rocking handles 13 and guide holder 12.Guide holder 12 is fixed on the base plate 14, the front and rear of guide holder 12 is respectively equipped with two vertical gathering sills, one group of tooth bar 5 is positioned at the gathering sill of guide holder 12 front portions, another group tooth bar 5 is positioned at the gathering sill at guide holder 12 rear portions, every group of tooth bar 5 is two, and tooth bar 5 can be along the gathering sill elevating movement.Every group of gear 6 and a worm gear 7 are fixed on the transmission shaft 8 jointly, and 8 of transmission shafts prop up by bearing and are located on the guide holder 12, can rotate around its axis.Each worm screw 10 is fixedly connected with a rocking handle 13 respectively, can rotate under the drive of rocking handle 13.The front end of slidable panels 3 is hinged by being fixedly connected with piece 16 with one group of tooth bar 5 top of guide holder 12 front portions, the bottom surface, rear end of slidable panels 3 has chute, two toothed rack, 5 tops in the guide holder 12 rear portion gathering sills are provided with sliding connection block 21, sliding connection block 21 is positioned at chute, is used for the guiding of sliding connection block 21.The height of slidable panels 3 is regulated by the adjustable height of two groups of tooth bars 5, and the inclination angle of slidable panels 3 is then determined by the relative adjustable height of two groups of tooth bars 5.The elevating control of every group of tooth bar 5 is realized by rocking handle 13, worm screw 10, worm gear 7, transmission shaft 8 and gear 6 interlocks successively.For guaranteeing the convenient fixing of slidable panels 3, every group of intermeshing worm gear 7 and worm screw 10 self-locking conditions satisfied possess auto-lock function.For ease of the inclination angle of operation and calculating slidable panels 3, the present embodiment middle rack 5 and gear 6, worm gear 7 and worm screw 10 are satisfied such ratio of gear relation: namely worm screw 10 is rotated weeks, drives successively worm gear 7, gear 6 rotations, the distance of a tooth of tooth bar 5 translations.Like this, can converse the inclination angle of slidable panels 3 according to the level interval of the poor difference in height that obtains of the number of teeth of front and rear tooth bar and front and rear tooth bar; Conversely, when determined slidable panels 3 the inclination angle is set after, also be convenient to calculate rocking handle 13 required revolutions.Here, reading of rocking handle 13 revolutions can manually be read, and also can obtain by simple pen recorder is set, such as rope-skipping counter etc.
The thrust load maintainer of the present embodiment comprises that the inclination angle of weighted platform 2 bottom surfaces should be with 20 inclination angles identical with the cunning of Landslide Model for the weighted platform 2 of carrying weight.The bottom surface of weighted platform 2 is smooth shiny surface, the end face both sides of above-mentioned slidable panels 3 are provided with arris, play the guiding role, two arris be respectively equipped with a row hole and the hole relative in twos, be provided with slide bar 4 in the two relative holes, the end face of the bottom surface of weighted platform 2 and slidable panels 3 is slidingly matched by these slide bars 4.The end face of weighted platform 2 is surface level or concavity, be used for the object of carrying after demarcating weight, make it under the deadweight condition, to glide along slidable panels 3 with weighted platform 2, act on the Landslide Model by weighted platform 2 front panels, and more than cover preloading gravity provide corresponding horizontal loading along the component of slidable panels 3 horizontal directions.Rear end at weighted platform 2 also is provided with mortise lock 1, is used for device and uses the temporary fixed of front weighted platform 2 and slidable panels 3.
As shown in Figure 6, apply the present invention to come down the roughly process of architecture model test is:
One, early-stage preparations
1, for Research Requirements, according to the principle of similitude, drafts the landslide scale model after generalization; Take the analog material test findings as standard, respectively the sliding bed 18 of preparation, slidingly be with 20, gliding mass 19 analog materials.Adopt the analog material that preparation is even, water percentage is constant to make Landslide Model according to the landslide scale model spatial shape of drafting;
2, measure Landslide Model trailing edge cunning with 20 inclination angle, make corresponding weighted platform 2;
Two, the adjusting of device is with fixing
3, charger of the present invention is pushed into assigned address, and over against the landslide trailing edge, the road wheel 15 of charger base plate 14 belows is locked fixing;
4, by rotating anterior rocking handle 13, anterior tooth bar 5 is risen, this moment, slidable panels 3 front ends were with 20 highly unanimously with Landslide Model trailing edge cunning, and slidable panels 3 front end height are temporary fixed because of worm gear 7 and worm screw 10 self-lockings;
5, rotate rear portion rocking handle 13, rear portion tooth bar 5 rises, until highly consistent with anterior tooth bar 5;
6, be rotated further rear portion rocking handle 13, and record number of revolutions (the tooth bar 5 rising numbers of teeth), rear portion tooth bar 5 is risen.When being with 20 inclination angles consistent with landslide trailing edge cunning, slidable panels 3 formed inclination angles stop operating.Slidable panels 3 rear end height are temporary fixed because of worm gear 7 and worm screw 10 self-lockings;
Three, thrust loads
7, demarcate weighted platform 2 weight, and load needs, the needed weight of weighing according to thrust;
8, weighted platform 2 is installed;
9, open the mortise lock 1 at weighted platform 2 rear portions, hand steered weighted platform 2 makes its slip until after trailing edge contacts, unclamp both hands with the landslide;
10, on weighted platform 2, vertically, slowly place and demarcate good weight, until Landslide Deformation or destruction.It should be noted that the end face of weighted platform 2 should be not less than gliding mass 19 apical side heights in order to avoid in the loading procedure gliding mass 19 to extrude from weighted platform 2 tops, corresponding, when making weighted platform 2, can suitably improve the height of its vertical loading surface;
Four, off-test
11, the weight of preloading on the first removal weighted platform 2 is then with weighted platform 2 removals;
12, counter-rotating rocking handle 13 descends slidable panels 3;
13, unclamp the braking of base plate 14 bottom row travelling wheels 15, this thrust charger is moved to the appointed place.
Core of the present invention is the setting of slipping plane governor motion so that adopt from the thrust size and Orientation of reloading continuously, accurately adjustable, and the thrust that applies is consistent with the landslide actual boundary condition, and loading force is stablized.So its protection domain is not limited to above-described embodiment.Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and distortion and do not depart from the scope of the present invention and spirit the present invention, for example: the sliding matching mode between weighted platform 2 and the slidable panels 3 is not limited to smooth shiny surface among the embodiment and the structure of slide bar 4, slides as long as be convenient to the relative front and back of the two; The inclination angle of slidable panels 3 obtains by number of teeth differential conversion, and the poor directly reading by record rocking handle 13 revolutions of the number of teeth obtains, and rocking handle 13 rotates and causes that the ratio of gear relation that motion process that tooth bar 5 rises need satisfy can carry out different values etc. as required.If these changes and distortion belong in the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and is out of shape interior.
Claims (9)
1. the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of a landslide physical experiments charger is characterized in that: comprise base plate (14), slipping plane governor motion and thrust load maintainer; Described slipping plane governor motion is positioned on the base plate (14), the slipping plane governor motion comprises slidable panels (3), two groups of intermeshing tooth bars (5) and gear (6), two transmission shafts (8), two groups of intermeshing worm gears (7) and worm screw (10), two rocking handles (13) and guide holder (12), described guide holder (12) is fixed on the base plate (14), the front and rear of guide holder (12) is respectively equipped with vertical gathering sill, one group of tooth bar (5) is positioned at the anterior gathering sill of guide holder (12), another group tooth bar (5) is positioned at the gathering sill at guide holder (12) rear portion, every group of gear (6) is arranged on the guide holder (12) by transmission shaft (8) with a worm gear (7), each worm screw (10) is connected with a rocking handle (13) respectively, be used for rotating under the drive of rocking handle (13), one group of tooth bar (5) top of the front end of described slidable panels (3) and guide holder (12) front portion is hinged, prop up on the one group of tooth bar (5) that is located at guide holder (12) rear portion the rear end; Described thrust load maintainer comprises the weighted platform (2) for the carrying weight, and the end face of the bottom surface of weighted platform (2) and slidable panels (3) is slidingly matched, can slides before and after slidable panels (3).
2. the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of a kind of landslide according to claim 1 physical experiments charger, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface of described weighted platform (2) is shiny surface, the end face both sides of described slidable panels (3) are provided with arris, the guiding that is used for weighted platform (2), two arris be respectively equipped with a row hole and the hole relative in twos, be provided with slide bar (4) in the two relative holes, the end face of the bottom surface of weighted platform (2) and slidable panels (3) is slidingly matched by described slide bar (4).
3. the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of a kind of landslide according to claim 1 physical experiments charger, it is characterized in that: the rear end of described weighted platform (2) is provided with mortise lock (1), is used for the temporary fixed of weighted platform (2) and slidable panels (3).
4. the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments charger in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface of described slidable panels (3) has chute, one group of tooth bar (5) top in the gathering sill of described guide holder (12) rear portion is provided with sliding connection block (21), sliding connection block (21) is positioned at chute, is used for the guiding of sliding connection block (21).
5. the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments charger in 3 according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described intermeshing worm gear (7) and worm screw (10) self-locking conditions satisfied.
6. the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of a kind of landslide physical experiments according to claim 4 charger is characterized in that: described intermeshing worm gear (7) and worm screw (10) self-locking conditions satisfied.
7. the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments charger in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: every group of intermeshing tooth bar (5) and gear (6) comprise two toothed rack (5) and corresponding two gears (5).
8. the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments charger in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tooth bar (5) and gear (6), worm gear (7) and worm screw (10) are satisfied the ratio of gear relation: worm screw (10) is rotated a week, drive successively worm gear (7), gear (6) rotation, the distance of a tooth of tooth bar (5) translation.
9. the manual rack-and-pinion deadweight of a kind of landslide physical experiments according to claim 1 charger is characterized in that: be provided with several rows travelling wheel (15) below the described base plate (14).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210546922.3A CN103033607B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Manual rack type dead-weight loading device for landslide physical model test |
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| CN201210546922.3A CN103033607B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Manual rack type dead-weight loading device for landslide physical model test |
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| CN104807746A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Angle-adjustable side slope testing bed |
| CN105675408A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-06-15 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Side slope three-dimensional bottom friction testing device |
| CN108107188A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-01 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of adjustable experimental rig of load angle |
| CN110441493A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-11-12 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | The river accumulation of Multifunctional adjustable landslide causes calamity range testing equipment |
| CN110514532A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-29 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of block structure face shear rheology test device and method |
| CN111768687A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-13 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | A variable topography support device for landslide simulation |
| CN111983185A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-24 | 河海大学 | Reservoir bank water level change and slope angle variable landslide model test device and method under coupling action of earthquake and rainfall |
| CN112557178A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-26 | 中北大学 | Multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110441493A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-11-12 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | The river accumulation of Multifunctional adjustable landslide causes calamity range testing equipment |
| CN110514532A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-29 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of block structure face shear rheology test device and method |
| CN111768687A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-13 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | A variable topography support device for landslide simulation |
| CN111983185A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-24 | 河海大学 | Reservoir bank water level change and slope angle variable landslide model test device and method under coupling action of earthquake and rainfall |
| CN112557178A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-26 | 中北大学 | Multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device |
| CN112557178B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-11-03 | 中北大学 | Multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device |
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