CN112557178A - Multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device - Google Patents
Multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device, belonging to the field of reinforced soil indoor model tests; specifically, vertical load is applied to any position of reinforced soil through a movable cross beam at the top of a counterforce frame, and reinforced soil side slopes with different angles are simulated through movable baffles in a model box; the lifting of the rear part of the mould box is realized by the matching of a fixed lifting device at the top of the counterforce frame and the threaded rod so as to realize the loading of horizontal load; the device can equivalently simulate the gravity field, can also allocate different test parameters according to test requirements, simplifies the test by only considering vertical and horizontal stress of the two-dimensional similar soil, and is favorable for the operation of the test and the convenience and quickness of later test data analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of reinforced soil, particularly relates to the field of indoor model tests of reinforced soil, and particularly relates to a multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device.
Background
The test research of the reinforced soil structure mainly comprises a prototype field test and an indoor model test; the field test can reflect the true stress and deformation conditions of the structure, but the field test needs a large amount of manpower and material resources, is high in cost and high in cost, and limits the application of the field test. The indoor model test is an important method for researching the reinforced earth structure, however, whether the design of a model box and supporting equipment thereof for the indoor model test is reasonable or not and whether the model box and the supporting equipment are convenient to use or not can influence the progress of the reinforced earth structure test, and further influence the design and application of the reinforced earth structure.
The model box equipment used in the current indoor model test has the following problems, 1, the function is single. The former model boxes are classified clearly, the side slope model boxes can only be used for side slope tests, and the retaining wall model boxes can only be used for retaining wall tests, so that the model boxes classified clearly cause resource waste to a certain extent. When the slope angle needs to be changed in the slope test, the model box is difficult to accurately change the slope angle; 2, the loading mode has large human error. When vertical load is applied to a soil body in the model box, weights are manually added in a traditional application mode, and artificial errors exist in the method according to different people; in recent years, a hydraulic jack replaces a weight to apply load, but the position of the hydraulic jack is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to test requirements, so that inconvenience is brought to test; moreover, some tests need to apply horizontal load to the interior of the model box, but equipment for applying the horizontal load is expensive, and the horizontal load cannot be applied in a laboratory with limited expenditure; finally, the influence of vibration generated by vehicle load when the road is uneven on the slope stability is rarely researched by an indoor slope or retaining wall test; 3, the soil parameters for the indoor model test are not clear. Because of the complex property of the soil and the doping of impurities in the multiple tests, the soil property of the soil for the tests cannot be kept unchanged when the multiple tests are repeated, and in addition, the test equipment for detecting the soil property parameters is limited, and the change of the soil property for the tests cannot be detected in time, so the caused test errors can directly influence the success or failure of the whole test; 4, monitoring equipment adopted by an indoor model box test is incomplete, and the traditional monitoring equipment such as a soil pressure cell, a strain gauge and the like is connected with a plurality of wires, so that the operation is inconvenient, the wires are easy to break, the waste of test resources is caused, and the operation of the test can be influenced by various complicated wires during the test; and 5, finally, along with the test, the moving track of the soil particles for the test in the model box and the deformation condition of the reinforced material under the load are not well reflected on the previous test.
Therefore, the multifunctional indoor test model box has advanced monitoring equipment, is economical and economical, can be repeatedly used for many times, and is very necessary for test soil with definite test parameters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device which has various functions, can be used for carrying out model tests on reinforced soil side slopes and reinforced retaining walls, can simulate reinforced soil side slope tests at different angles, and is convenient for vehicle load, vertical load and horizontal load application.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a similar reinforced earth structure model test device of multi-functional two dimension, includes reaction frame and data acquisition device, be provided with the mold box in the reaction frame, the simulation case left and right sides is provided with the baffle respectively, two dimension similar soil and reinforced material are packed into to the mold box, be provided with between the upper portion support body of reaction frame and remove crossbeam and fixed cross beam, anterior in the mold box is provided with adjustable fender, and the rear portion is provided with detachable fixed stop, and the interior front and back position of mold box is provided with first threaded rod and second threaded rod between the baffle respectively, be provided with vertical loading device on the remove cross beam, be provided with flexible lifting device on the fixed cross beam, flexible lifting device is connected with the second threaded rod through the rope that has the scale.
The bottom of the movable baffle is hinged with the bottom plate of the model box, the upper part of the movable baffle is detachably connected with the first threaded rod through a telescopic rod, and the movable baffle can rotate around the hinged position of the movable baffle and the bottom plate of the model box.
Be provided with the position-sensing chip on the similar soil of two-dimentional, monitor the displacement change of side slope or barricade model through position-sensing chip and data acquisition device signal connection.
Furthermore, the baffle and the fixed baffle are both made of transparent materials, and both the baffle and the fixed baffle are provided with scales in the transverse and longitudinal directions; and an angle ruler is arranged at the bottom vertex angle of the intersection of the baffle and the movable baffle.
Further, the data acquisition device includes the infrared ray displacement distancer that is used for monitoring side slope or barricade surface displacement change that is located mold box the place ahead, is located the data acquisition analysis appearance that is used for collecting similar soil displacement of two-dimentional and side slope displacement at the mold box rear to and be located the outside image acquisition device just to the mold box curb plate of reaction frame.
Furthermore, the telescopic link comprises outer tube and interior sleeve pipe, the interior sleeve pipe is last to have a plurality of spacing holes, interior sleeve pipe is flexible in outer tube to it is fixed through the fixed button, telescopic link both ends respectively have a sleeve pipe, telescopic link one end is connected with adjustable fender through the sleeve pipe, and the other end is connected with first threaded rod through the sleeve pipe.
Furthermore, the vertical loading device is a remote control hydraulic jack, and the telescopic lifting device is a telescopic machine.
Furthermore, the two-dimensional similar soil is a long rod with oval cross sections and different sizes, and the two-dimensional similar soil is made of one or any combination of a steel rod, a rubber rod, an aluminum rod and a plastic rod.
Furthermore, a runway is arranged on the periphery of the model box, and a model car is arranged on the runway.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can solve the problem that the model box in the indoor model test at the present stage has single function, the model box can realize reinforced soil side slope models with different angles, and can be used as a reinforced retaining wall model box when the movable baffle is adjusted to be 90 degrees and is fixed, so that the reinforced retaining wall model test can be carried out.
The loading of vertical load, horizontal load and vehicle circulation load can be realized simultaneously to this device. The movable cross beam and the movable hydraulic jack arranged in the device can apply vertical loads to different positions in the model box in combination with tests; the telescopic machine on the fixed cross beam arranged behind the reaction frame can lift the rear part of the model box so as to simulate horizontal load; the influence of the vehicle cyclic load under different working conditions on the stability of the reinforced soil side slope or the reinforced soil retaining wall can be realized.
The device has simple structure and convenient operation, saves manpower, reduces manual operation errors and saves financial resources.
2. The invention can solve the problem that the parameter of the soil for the indoor model test is not clear at present, the soil for the test adopted by the device is two-dimensional similar soil which is composed of oval long rods with different cross sections, the two-dimensional similar soil comprises a steel rod, a rubber rod, an aluminum rod and a plastic rod, and the length of the rod body is approximately consistent with the width of the model box. The two-dimensional similar soil has the advantages that equivalent soil bodies with definite parameters can be prepared according to different proportions of various rod bodies, only the stress deformation in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is considered, the influence factors of the test can be simplified, and meanwhile, the influence of unknown factors on the test result is reduced by the definite soil property parameter of the test. The two-dimensional similar soil can simulate a gravity field, can be used for preparing a soil body with the gravity being several times that of a common soil body, and can be used for equivalently simulating a field prototype test with the gravity being several times that of a common soil body by virtue of the limited height of the model box, so that the indoor model test result is closer to the field test, the design is simplified, and the feasibility of the design is improved.
3. The invention can solve the problems that the existing indoor model test detection equipment is not advanced and is not easy to operate. The method comprises the following steps that rods similar to soil are formed in a designed model box, rods in certain special areas are selected, position sensing chips are attached to the rods, when a side slope moves under the action of vertical load or horizontal load and is even about to be damaged, sensing pieces on the rods in the areas transmit moving tracks of the rods to a data analyzer in a cloud transmission mode, the data analyzer analyzes the movement of the rods, and when the displacement of the rods exceeds a set value, the data analyzer gives an early warning signal to indicate that the side slope is about to be damaged; the infrared displacement distance measuring instrument arranged in front of the model box can accurately detect slight displacement changes of the side slope and transmit the slight displacement changes to the data analyzer, when the displacement of the surface of the side slope is too large, a built-in system of the data analyzer can give out an early warning signal to prompt an experimenter that the side slope at the moment is possibly damaged, and data at the moment are recorded. The device can reduce the phenomenon that in the traditional measuring method, the number of lines is too many, the operation is not easy, the test is influenced, meanwhile, the early warning effect in the data analyzer can record the change of data constantly, and when the soil body is about to be damaged, a warning is given timely to remind a tester of paying attention to the load application rate. The intelligent advanced detection equipment provides powerful guarantee for the smooth proceeding of the test and the analysis of the later data.
4. The left baffle and the right baffle of the model box are made of toughened glass, and the high-speed camera on the right side of the model box can follow the moving change track of soil in the model box under the action of load. One end of the selected rod body in the model box is coated with the color, so that the high-speed camera can clearly follow the movement change condition of the soil body in the model box, and powerful data are provided for later-stage test analysis.
The device can equivalently simulate the gravity field, can also allocate different test parameters according to test requirements, simplifies the test by only considering vertical and horizontal stress of the two-dimensional similar soil, and is favorable for the operation of the test and the convenience and quickness of later test data analysis.
Drawings
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following drawings are taken for illustration:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a flapper of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side grid view of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a reinforcement of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fixing device on a movable baffle of the experimental apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the movable cross beam and the remote-controlled hydraulic jack of the testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the operation of the fixed baffle and the fixed beam of the experimental apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the test device of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a reaction frame, 2-1 is a movable beam, 2-2 is a fixed beam, 3 is a model box, 4 is a movable baffle, 5 is a fixed baffle, 6-1 is a first threaded rod, 6-2 is a second threaded rod, 7 is a side plate, 8 is an angle ruler, 9 is a data analyzer, 10 is a vertical rod, 11 is a displacement distance meter, 12 is a remote control hydraulic jack, 13 is a fixing device, 14 is a telescopic rod, 16 is a fixing button, 17 is a sleeve, 18 is a nut, 19 is a screw rod, 20 is a hinge, 22 is two-dimensional similar soil, 23 is a reinforced material, 24 is a high-speed camera, 25 is a side slope, 26 is a positioning hole, 27 is an experiment table, 28 is a cabinet, 29 is a rope and 30 is a runway.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
A multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device is shown in figure 1 and comprises an experiment table 27, a reaction frame 1, a movable cross beam 2-1, a fixed cross beam 2-2, a model box 3, a vertical rod 10, a data acquisition analyzer 9 and a high-speed camera 24. The experiment table 27 is provided with a storage cabinet 28, and the storage cabinet 28 can be used for storing experiment equipment; the high speed camera 24 is located to the right of the reaction frame 1 and facing the side plate 7 of the mold box 3. The dimensions of the mold box 3 were 1000mm × 500mm × 750mm (length × width × height).
The movable beam 2-1 and the fixed beam 2-2 are positioned on the upper frame body of the reaction frame 1, and the front part of the reaction frame 1 is provided with a vertical rod 10; an infrared displacement distance meter 11 (not shown in fig. 1) is mounted on the vertical rod 10; the mobile beam 2-1 has a movable remotely controlled hydraulic jack 12 (not shown in fig. 1) and the fixed beam 2-2 has a small telescopic device (not shown in fig. 1). In the test, a remote control hydraulic jack 12 with the diameter of 33cm and the maximum loading range of 63000kPa is used for uniformly and equivalently applying load at a constant speed.
As shown in fig. 3, a vertical rod 10 is arranged in front of the reaction frame 1, an infrared displacement distance meter 11 is installed on the vertical rod 10, and the infrared displacement distance meter 11 is used for monitoring displacement change of a side slope 25 or a retaining wall surface and transmitting data to a data acquisition analyzer 9.
The model box 3 is positioned in the reaction frame 1, a movable baffle 4 capable of adjusting the baffle angle is arranged in front of the model box 3, a fixed baffle 5 is arranged behind the model box 3, transparent left and right baffles 7 are arranged on the left and right of the model box 3, and two-dimensional similar soil 22 and a reinforced material 23 for tests are arranged in the model box 3. A first threaded rod 6-1 and a second threaded rod 6-2 are respectively arranged between the baffles 7 at the front part and the rear part in the model box 3, and the first threaded rod 6-1 and the second threaded rod 6-2 are respectively screwed on the left side plate 7 and the right side plate 7 through four nuts and can be used for fixing the left side plate 7 and the right side plate 7 to prevent lateral deformation.
The data acquisition and analysis instrument 9 is positioned behind the reaction frame 1 and connected with the model box 3, and the data acquisition and analysis instrument 9 is used for acquiring photos shot by the high-speed camera 24, calculating the position change of the rods transmitted by the sensing film cloud on the similar soil rods and measuring the displacement of the side slope by the infrared distance measuring instrument 11.
The adjustable baffle angle's that mold box 3 front portion set up adjustable baffle 4 is the organic glass material, and adjustable baffle 4 upper surface is equipped with fixing device 13, and fixing device 13 passes through telescopic link 14 and connects first threaded rod 6-1, and the articulated connection of movable baffle 4 lower part is on mold box 3's bottom plate through hinge 20, and adjustable baffle 4 can rotate round hinge 20, when rotating the angle of certain specific design, can be fixed through telescopic link 14 to this change that realizes the side slope angle. Referring to fig. 6, the telescopic rod 14 is composed of an outer sleeve 15-1 and an inner sleeve 15-2, the inner sleeve 15-2 is provided with a series of limiting holes, the inner sleeve 15-2 is telescopic in the outer sleeve 15-1 and fixed by a fixing button 16, two ends of the telescopic rod 14 are respectively provided with a sleeve 17, one end of the telescopic rod is connected with the movable baffle 4 through a fixing device 13, the fixing device 13 is fixed on the movable baffle 4 through five positioning holes 26, and the other end of the telescopic rod 14 is connected with the first threaded rod 6-1 through the sleeve 17.
As shown in fig. 4, the left and right side plates 7 of the model box 3 are made of toughened glass, square scales 21 with the side length of 2CM are arranged on the left and right side plates 7, and an angle ruler 8 with the axis of the hinge 20 as the center of a circle is arranged on the left and right side plates 7 at the intersection of the left and right side plates 7 and the movable baffle 4.
The back baffle of the model box 3 is a fixed baffle 5, the fixed baffle 5 is made of toughened glass and is provided with a transverse scale value and a longitudinal scale value, and a circle of rugged runway 30 is arranged around the model box 3. The runway 30 is provided with a running small model car which can be an unloaded simulated car or a full-load simulated truck and is used for simulating the influence of the vibration generated by the car on uneven roads on the stability of a side slope or a retaining wall.
Referring to fig. 7, the movable beam 2-1 can move left and right along the reaction frame 1, a remote control hydraulic jack 12 which can move back and forth along the beam 2-1 is arranged on the movable beam 2-1, and the remote control hydraulic jack 12 can be used as a loading mechanism for reinforced soil in the model box 3. Referring to fig. 8, the fixed beam 2-2 is provided with a small telescopic machine (not shown in fig. 8) which is connected to the second threaded rod 6-2 by a graduated rope 29 and which can lift the rear of the mold box 3 by the graduated rope 29, equivalently applying a horizontal load to the soil mass in the mold box 3.
The reinforced soil in the model box 3 selects two-dimensional similar soil as a test material, rods in the similar soil are allocated according to a certain proportion and parameters of a soil body to be designed, the similarity of certain soil property parameters is allocated, the similar soil is divided into a plurality of parts, each layer is divided into six layers with the thickness of 10cm, the six layers are respectively placed in the model box 3, a certain second layer and a certain third layer of rods of the similar soil are selected, induction sheets are attached to the rods, and pigments are coated on the right ends of the rods. The reinforcing material 23 is a bidirectional geogrid, and the size of the bidirectional geogrid is matched with the internal size of the model box 3.
The test method using the multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model device takes a reinforced soil slope test as an example, and comprises the following steps:
the reinforced soil is similar soil with certain soil property parameters, the reinforced material is a bidirectional geogrid, and the reinforcement material is laid in a flat mode;
after the angle of the movable baffle 4 is adjusted according to the angle scales on the left side plate and the right side plate of the model box 3, the designed angle (50 degrees, 60 degrees and 70 degrees) is adjusted, the position of the movable baffle 4 is fixed through the fixing device 13 on the movable baffle 4 and the telescopic rod 14 connected with the first threaded rod 6-1, and the movable baffle 4 keeps the designed angle.
Adding similar soil with a certain proportion into a model box 3, adding similar soil into the model box 3, paying attention to the stretching of the rib materials, paving a layer of rib materials when the thickness of the similar soil reaches a certain value, paying attention to whether the contact between the similar soil and the reinforced material is expected or not, pasting an induction sheet on a rod body of a specific area of a layer of similar soil, coating pigment on one end of the rod body, adding each layer of similar soil, repeating the steps according to the previous steps until the filled soil reaches the design height of the side slope, and finally wrapping the side slope from bottom to top by using a geonet cushion to prevent the side slope from sliding and deforming.
After the similar soil and the reinforced material in the model box are paved, after the soil in the model box is stabilized, the screw cap on the fixing device on the movable baffle plate 4 is screwed off, then the sleeve 17 connected with the telescopic rod 14 is removed, so that the movable baffle plate 4 can freely rotate around the hinge 20, finally, the movable baffle plate is slowly horizontally placed on the bottom plate forwards, the contact between the movable baffle plate 4 and the soil slope is removed, and the slope is naturally formed.
The position of the infrared linear displacement distance measuring instrument 11 on the vertical rod and the position of the right high-speed camera 24 are adjusted, so that the lens of the high-speed camera 24 is aligned to the right side plate of the model box 3, a hydraulic jack is moved to apply static load or dynamic load to the same position or different positions on the filled soil according to test requirements, or a compressor on the fixed cross beam 2-2 is utilized to lift the back of the model box 3 to apply horizontal force to a side slope, the surface displacement change of the side slope transmitted by the infrared linear displacement distance measuring instrument 11 and the condition of the data transmitted to the data analyzer 9 shot by the high-speed camera 24 are observed, the displacement change of the similar soil with pigment is analyzed, and a corresponding conclusion is obtained.
Changing the angle of the movable baffle 4, preparing similar soil with certain soil property parameters according to experimental requirements, or changing the vertical load or the lifting height of the fixed baffle 5, and analyzing the change of slope stability or slope damage form under the condition of singly changing the slope angle, the soil property parameters or the load application mode under the condition of the same other conditions by repeating the steps.
In the test process, when the surface displacement of the side slope is too large, the displacement distance meter can transmit data to the data analyzer, and the data analyzer can give an early warning signal when the side slope is about to be damaged so as to remind a tester that the vertical load or the horizontal load reaches the bearing limit of the side slope; or the displacement of the rod body in the side slope is too large under the action of the horizontal load, the displacement signal is transmitted to the data analyzer through the cloud by the sensing sheet on the rod body, and the data analysis gives an early warning signal to prompt that the interior of the side slope is about to be damaged; the high-speed camera on the right side of the test table just corresponds to the side plate, and the side plate is made of toughened glass, so that the high-speed camera can record the moving track of the rod body in the side slope, and data support is provided for the test.
After the test is completed, the displacement change of the side slope and the moving track of the rod body in the side slope under the action of load are recorded, the similar soil in the model box is taken out, and the rod body, the data analyzer, the high-speed camera and the geogrid are placed in a storage cabinet of the experiment table.
The supporting equipment of the multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced earth structure model test device can not only complete the change experiment of the side slope or the retaining wall in a short time under the load action, but also complete the parameter change experiment of the side slope or the retaining wall for a long time of days or months under the load action.
When the angle of the front baffle plate in front of the model box is adjusted to be 90 degrees, the model box can be used as a reinforced retaining wall model test box, and the supporting facilities can be used for corresponding retaining wall tests.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device comprises a reaction frame (1) and a data acquisition device, wherein a model box (3) is arranged in the reaction frame (1), baffles (7) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the simulation box (3), two-dimensional similar soil (22) and reinforced materials (23) are filled in the model box (3), the multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device is characterized in that a movable transverse beam (2-1) and a fixed transverse beam (2-2) are arranged between upper frame bodies of the reaction frame (1), a movable baffle (4) is arranged at the front part in the model box (3), a detachable fixed baffle (5) is arranged at the rear part, a first threaded rod (6-1) and a second threaded rod (6-2) are respectively arranged between the baffles (7) at the front part and the rear part in the model box (3), and a vertical loading device is arranged on the movable transverse beam (2-, a telescopic lifting device is arranged on the fixed cross beam (2-2) and is connected with a second threaded rod (6-2) through a rope (29) with scales;
the bottom of the movable baffle (4) is hinged with the bottom plate of the model box (3), the upper part of the movable baffle (4) is detachably connected with the first threaded rod (6-1) through an expansion rod (14), and the movable baffle (4) can rotate around the hinged position of the movable baffle and the bottom plate of the model box (3);
be provided with the position-sensing chip on the similar soil of two-dimentional (22), monitor the displacement change of side slope or barricade model through position-sensing chip and data acquisition device signal connection.
2. The multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device according to claim 1, wherein the baffle (7) and the fixed baffle (5) are both made of transparent materials, and the baffle (7) and the fixed baffle (5) are both provided with scales in the transverse and longitudinal directions; an angle ruler (8) is arranged at the bottom vertex angle of the intersection of the baffle (7) and the movable baffle (4).
3. The multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced earth structure model test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data acquisition device comprises an infrared displacement distance meter (11) located in front of the model box (3) for monitoring the displacement change of the side slope or retaining wall surface, a data acquisition analyzer (9) located in back of the model box for collecting the displacement of the two-dimensional similar earth (22) and the displacement of the side slope, and an image acquisition device located outside the reaction frame (1) and facing the side plate (7) of the model box (3).
4. The multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic rod (14) is composed of an outer sleeve (15-1) and an inner sleeve (15-2), the inner sleeve (15-2) is provided with a plurality of limiting holes, the inner sleeve (15-2) extends and retracts inside the outer sleeve (15-1) and is fixed through a fixing button (16), two sleeves (17) are respectively arranged at two ends of the telescopic rod (14), one end of the telescopic rod (14) is connected with the movable baffle (4) through the sleeves (17), and the other end of the telescopic rod is connected with the first threaded rod (6-1) through the sleeves (17).
5. The multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced earth structure model test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vertical loading device is a remote control hydraulic jack (12), and the telescopic lifting device is a telescopic machine.
6. The multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced earth structure model test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional similar earth (22) is long rods with oval cross sections and different sizes, and is made of one or any combination of steel rods, rubber rods, aluminum rods and plastic rods.
7. The multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced earth structure model test device according to claim 1, wherein a runway (30) is arranged on the periphery of the model box (3), and a model car is arranged on the runway (30).
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