CN110468892A - A kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension and test method - Google Patents
A kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110468892A CN110468892A CN201910843576.7A CN201910843576A CN110468892A CN 110468892 A CN110468892 A CN 110468892A CN 201910843576 A CN201910843576 A CN 201910843576A CN 110468892 A CN110468892 A CN 110468892A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 208000017587 Polyrrhinia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011173 large scale experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 stick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension and test methods, including two-dimentional similar soil model case and similar local soil type at, the similar soil model luggage outer framework of two dimension, fixed baffle system, similar soil, model casing cushion cap, movable baffle system, jack, T-type plate, double nose girders, T-type plate limiting slot, sliding slot；Allpurpose model case can pass through the size of the position change cabinet of change T-shaped plate, and different tests can be simulated with prefabricated different component on the top of T-shaped plate, the similar soil of filler increases resistance moment using barred body oval cross section and makes similar soil closer with the true soil body.Different soil body severe can be simulated by the adjustment of different materials match ratio；The present invention can be widely applied to Discrete Element simulation test.
Description
Technical field
A kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension of the present invention and test method, belong to Geotechnical Engineering field.
Background technique
As the 1960s is with the development of civil engineering, a kind of new technical system is formed gradually, that is, rock
Geotechnological journey.Geotechnical engineering is the engineering problem in order to solve rock and the soil body, and typical geotechnical engineering problems include ground and base
Plinth engineering, slope retaining wall and underground engineering etc..
With the continuous development of engineering technology, the research in geotechnical engineering field also deepens continuously.Due to the Practical Project scale of construction
Huge, engineering-environment is complicated, and more this of uncertain factor just increases the difficulty of geotechnical study significantly in construction, to understand
Certainly these problems, indoor model test become the indispensable a part of geotechnical study.Indoor model test can incite somebody to action
The architectural object of Practical Project carries out proportional diminution, and Practical Project problem is moved in laboratory, passes through some precisions
Laboratory test instrument obtains reliable experimental data, to instruct Practical Project.
Soil test case is exactly a kind of common model test apparatus.Conventional soil test case is accurate past in order to test
A model test can only be done toward a model casing；It since size limits, goes wrong be difficult to adjust during the test, be easy
It causes to waste, soil is a kind of anisotropic material, and doing experiment using the soil body has its certainty, but causes to be stranded to test sometimes
Difficulty, certain unrelated properties and independent parameter will affect the accuracy of test in some tests.It can be seen that invent it is a kind of soil
Sub is very necessary；Face can be adjusted flexibly size and have the chamber of certain repeatability can be big to a certain extent
It is big to save experimentation cost, while reducing the difficulty of test.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of similar soil model experimental rigs of two dimension and test side
Method, the device can be reused, and chamber size is adjusted flexibly and provides a kind of similar soil, can be to a certain extent
The two-dimensional nature of the soil body is reflected in face, is particularly suitable for simulation embankment, barricade, side slope, ground etc..
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The similar soil model experimental rig of a kind of two dimension, including model casing, the similar soil being set in model casing；
The model casing includes outer framework, fixed baffle, model casing cushion cap, flapper, displacement control system, and T-type plate is double to lead
Beam, T-type plate limiting slot, sliding slot；
Double nose girders are provided on the model casing cushion cap, double nose girders are arranged in parallel, wherein a nose girder upper surface is arranged
There is scale, sliding slot is provided between double nose girders, sliding is embedded the T-type plate that section is T-type in the sliding slot；Double nose girders
Upper surface is provided with T-type plate limiting slot, is detachably provided with limit steel disc in the T-type plate limiting slot；It can in the limiting slot
To be inserted into the position of limit steel disc restricted T shape plate, groove width 1-2mm is limited.
It is provided with cube shaped outer framework on the model casing cushion cap, side plate and front and back two are embedded on the outer framework
Plate, the side plate and two plate of front and back are fixed baffle, and the outer framework is set to above double nose girders；
The model casing bottom is provided with movable floor, and the movable floor includes the T-type plate of muti-piece splicing, on the T-type plate
Portion is provided with flapper, and the flapper is parallel to side plate, and the flapper and outside are provided with apparatus for adjusting position；
The similar soil is accumulated by the barred body that section is oval unlike material, length and the model casing width phase of barred body
It is all 20-40cm, it is generally preferable to be 30cm, the thickness of barred body includes three kinds of dimensions above, and the material of barred body includes rod iron, rubber
Stick, aluminium bar and sticking plaster.
The displacement control system is jack or hydraulic cylinder, and the quantity of the apparatus for adjusting position is one or more
It is a.
The fixed baffle being embedded in two plane of front and back that the outer framework is constituted is transparent baffle, is set on the transparent baffle
It is equipped with grid and scale.
The ratio that the rod iron, rubber bar, aluminium bar and sticking plaster adjust different materials barred body may be implemented to similar native bullet
The control of the basic experiments parameters such as property modulus, angle of friction, porosity, severe
The long axis length of the barred body elliptic cross-section is 1.5-2.5 times of minor axis length, and the long axis length is 60-100mm.
Preferably, the length of the barred body is generally 30cm.
The flapper can also be substituted by test component, be set on T-type plate.
The test component includes prefabricated retaining wall, pile foundation.
The method for carrying out simulation test using the similar soil model experimental rig of the two dimension are as follows: use unlike material, difference
The barred body of size is filled in model test box as the similar soil of filler, carries out simulated experiment；It is different in the similar soil of the filler
Material, the ratio of various sizes of barred body are deployed according to the parameter of the soil body to be simulated, and are realized and are joined to similar native basic experiment
Several control；
The length of the barred body and model test box are of same size, and barred body section is ellipse, the thickness of barred body include three kinds with
Upper size, barred body material include rod iron, rubber bar, aluminium bar and sticking plaster.
The method for using the similar soil of filler to be filled in the model test box carries out subregion distribution for model test box
Fill the similar soil of fixed mixing ratio.
Described similar this experiment parameter of soil matrix includes but is not limited to the elasticity modulus of similar soil, angle of friction, porosity, again
Degree.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
Traditional model casing, which has a single function, can only often carry out a kind of test, and test chamber traditional after completing is difficult to repeat
Using or recycling relative difficulty.Allpurpose model case in the present invention can pass through the position change cabinet of change T-shaped plate
Size, the fixed baffle in left side is equivalent to the counter force wall in large-scale experiment, can be real from different testing equipment combined uses
Existing different tests operating condition；Secondly, different tests can be simulated with prefabricated different component on the top of T-shaped plate, such as in T-shaped plate
Face can carry out retaining wall test with prefabricated retaining wall model, and prefabricated pile model carries out Piled Embankments test on T-shaped plate；
Traditional similar soil often has ignored the fundamental property of the true soil body, and the present invention uses steel compared with traditional similar soil
The barred body of the different materials such as stick, aluminium bar, rubber bar, sticking plaster, section form is using multiple sections shapes such as oval cross section, circular sections
Formula increases the resistance moment mutually rotated between barred body and barred body, simple circular section rod iron group compared to simple circular section barred body
At the angle of friction of similar soil differ larger with the true soil body between 20-30 degree, similar soil friction angular region of the invention exists
The true soil body can be more nearly between 20-45 degree, so that the test of similar soil model is with more scientific and practical guided significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the similar native experimental rig schematic diagram of present invention two dimension；
Fig. 2 is the similar native experimental rig cushion cap model casing schematic diagram of two dimension；
Fig. 3 is that T-type plate and flapper installation relation three regard schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that T-type plate length splices and combines schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the various sizes of barred body schematic cross-section of similar native filler；
The similar native experimental rig schematic diagram of Fig. 6 pile formula reinforced soil embankment two dimension；
The similar native experimental rig schematic diagram of Fig. 7 reinforced earth bulkhead two dimension.
Appended drawing reference corresponding component title are as follows:
1- outer framework, 2- fixed baffle system, the similar soil of 3-, 4- model casing cushion cap, the movable baffle system of 5-, 6- air pressure are very heavy
Top, 7-T template, the bis- nose girders of 8-, 9-T type beam limiting slot, 10- sliding slot, 11- pile foundation, the prefabricated retaining wall of 12-, 13- geotechnique's lattice
Grid.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail combined with specific embodiments below, but protection scope of the present invention is not
Be limited to these embodiments, it is all without departing substantially from the change of present inventive concept or equivalent substitute be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
The similar soil model experimental rig of a kind of two dimension, including model casing, the similar soil being set in model casing；
The model casing includes outer framework 1, fixed baffle 2, model casing cushion cap 4, flapper 5, displacement control system 6, T-type plate
7, double nose girders 8, T-type plate limiting slot 9, sliding slot 10；
Double nose girders 8 are provided on the model casing cushion cap 4, double nose girders are arranged in parallel, wherein a nose girder upper surface is set
It is equipped with scale, sliding slot 10 is provided between double nose girders, sliding is embedded the T-type plate 7 that section is T-type in the sliding slot；It is described
Double nose girder upper surfaces are provided with T-type plate limiting slot 9, are detachably provided with limit steel disc in the T-type plate limiting slot 9；
It is provided with cube shaped outer framework 1 on the model casing cushion cap 4, is embedded with side plate and front and back two on the outer framework 1
Plate, the side plate and two plate of front and back are fixed baffle 2, and the outer framework 1 is set to double 8 tops of nose girder；
The model casing bottom is provided with movable floor, and the movable floor includes the T-type plate 7 of muti-piece splicing, the T-type plate 7
Top is provided with flapper 5, and the flapper 5 is parallel to side plate, and the flapper 5 is provided with position adjusting with outside
Device 6；As shown in figure 3, regarding schematic diagram for T-type plate and flapper installation relation three, a is front view, and b is right view, and c is to bow
View.As shown in figure 4, the T-type plate 7 of muti-piece different length is stitched together.
Described similar native 3 are accumulated by the barred body that section is oval unlike material, the length and model casing of barred body
Of same size, the thickness of barred body includes three kinds of dimensions above, and the material of barred body includes rod iron, rubber bar, aluminium bar and sticking plaster.
The displacement control system 6 is jack or hydraulic cylinder, and the quantity of the apparatus for adjusting position 6 arrives more for one
It is a.
The fixed baffle being embedded in two plane of front and back that the outer framework is constituted is transparent baffle, is set on the transparent baffle
It is equipped with grid and scale.
The position of limit steel disc restricted T shape plate can be inserted in the T-type plate limiting slot, T-type plate limits groove width 1mm,
1.5mm or 2mm.
The ratio that the rod iron, rubber bar, aluminium bar and sticking plaster adjust different materials barred body may be implemented to similar native bullet
The control of the basic experiments parameters such as property modulus, angle of friction, porosity, severe
The long axis length of the barred body elliptic cross-section is 1.5-2.5 times of minor axis length, preferably 2 times, the long axis length
For 60-100mm, preferably 60 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm.As shown in Figure 5.
The length of the barred body is 20-40cm, it is generally preferable to be 30cm.
The flapper can also be substituted by test component and is set on T-type plate.The test component includes prefabricated gear
Cob wall, pile foundation.
The method for carrying out simulation test using the similar soil model experimental rig of the two dimension, using the stick of three kinds of dimensions above
Body is filled in model test box as the similar soil of filler and carries out simulated experiment, the barred body section be ellipse, including rod iron,
Rubber bar, aluminium bar and sticking plaster, the rod iron, rubber bar, aluminium bar and sticking plaster ratio according to the parameter of the soil body to be simulated into
Row allotment, realizes the control to similar this experiment parameter of soil matrix.
The method for using the similar soil of filler to be filled in the model test box carries out subregion distribution for model test box
Fill the similar soil of fixed mixing ratio.
Described similar this experiment parameter of soil matrix includes but is not limited to the elasticity modulus of similar soil, angle of friction, porosity, again
Degree.
The effect of unlike material barred body of the present invention: rod iron has certain intensity and density, in order to make similar soil have one
Fixed intensity and quality rod iron is indispensable；Although similar soil is single to be made of the requirement that can satisfy intensity and quality rod iron,
But the density of rod iron is greater than the density of soil particle, in order to approach similar soil and the true soil body quality in the identical situation of volume
This just needs to be added the material of more lightweight in similar soil, and aluminium bar, which is participated in rod iron, can reach this purpose；Rod iron, aluminium
A certain amount of rubber is added commonly greater than the true soil body in order to make similar soil react the deformation characteristic of the true soil body in the rigidity of stick
Stick can make similar soil have the elasticity modulus close with the true soil body, convenient for reacting the deformation characteristic of the soil body in an experiment；And
The elasticity modulus of sticking plaster is direct between rod iron and rubber bar, and density is less than rod iron, can play adjusting quality in similar soil
With the effect of elasticity modulus.
The effect of elliptic cross-section barred body: there are certain frictional force between soil particle and soil particle, if single use
The angle of friction of the similar soil of circular cross-section barred body is less than the true soil body, and elliptic cross-section barred body mutually nested period participates in certain amount
Circular cross-section barred body can simulate the angle of friction of the true soil body, so that similar soil be made to have shearing resistance close with the true soil body strong
Degree.
The effect of unlike material and the combination of different cross section form barred body: unlike material and the mixing of the barred body of different cross section form
In the similar soil structure being combined into, there are certain gaps between adjacent barred body and barred body, are cut by changing unlike material difference
The barred body of face form can simulate the porosity of the true soil body.
It is illustrated in figure 6 the schematic diagram of pile formula reinforced soil embankment two dimension rod iron model test chamber.
Bottom surface is made of 5 pieces of T-shaped plates, and first block of left side T-type plate is 300*150, remaining four pieces of T-shaped plate section is 300*
300；Add respectively in second piece and the 4th piece T-shaped plate prefabricated two having a size of 150*150*150 concrete-pile model in order to simulate
Muscle screening technology is convenient for the laying of TGXG, the pile cover of 150*150*50 is equipped with above each stake, the baffle of the rightmost side is can
Flapper, this experiment has taken less than sliding function, therefore is locked by the limiting slot on double nose girders.When experimental group installs
Finish, similar soil i.e. analog geosynthetic reinforced pile supported embankments on soft soil correlation operating condition will be filled in device.
It is illustrated in figure 7 reinforced earth bulkhead two dimension rod iron model test chamber schematic diagram.Bottom surface is made of 5 pieces of T-shaped plates,
First block of left side T-type plate is 300*150, remaining four pieces of T-shaped plate section is 300*300；Right side removable baffle plate simulates reinforced earth
Barricade panel moves and connects a displacement sensor on the right side of T-shaped plate convenient for measurement lateral diaphragm wall displacement, is laid in similar soil respectively
2 layers of TGXG, the side of TGXG are connect with removable baffle plate, assembling finish similar soil is filled in chamber can be into
The associated analog of row reinforced earth bulkhead is tested.
The filling mode of similar soil mixes and stirs the similar native inhomogeneities of configuration since the size of rod iron is bigger at random, by
It will lead to the bigger error of experimental data in the inhomogeneities of this similar soil, which is by multifunction test case
Carry out the similar soil of subregion distribution filling fixed mixing ratio.
Specific implementation method:, first will be two-dimentional with removable baffle plate by taking the chamber of 1200*800*300 size as an example
Similar clay model molding box is divided into three regions of 80*40*30 as schemed, and each region division is equal two parts up and down, each
Part is that the box space of 40*40*30 selects the barred body size of minimum gauge to be simulated i.e. since model box size is smaller
The oval cross section barred body of 30*60 is configured, and uses aluminium bar, rubber containing 28 ellipse bars in the box space of every 40*40*30
Stick, sticking plaster are simulated, aluminium bar: rubber bar: sticking plaster=1:1:1, i.e. 9 aluminium bars, 9 sticking plasters, 10 rubber bars.According to
Secondary will artificially divide 6 space successively fills the barred body of aforementioned proportion, can configure according to above-mentioned proportion close with sand
Spend similar similar soil.Compared with the similar soil of traditional rod iron, by model casing be divided into 6 box spaces can to avoid it is similar soil with
The inhomogeneities that machine mixes and stirs；Multiple material barred body mixes so that the density of similar soil can more reflect true soil close to sand density
The property of body.
The present invention is not limited by embodiment illustrated herein, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and novelty
The consistent widest range of feature.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension, which is characterized in that including model casing, be set to it is similar in model casing
Soil；
The model casing includes outer framework (1), fixed baffle (2), model casing cushion cap (4), flapper (5), Bit andits control system
It unites (6), T-type plate (7), double nose girders (8), T-type plate limiting slot (9), sliding slot (10)；
Double nose girders (8) are provided on the model casing cushion cap (4), double nose girders are arranged in parallel, wherein table on a nose girder
Face is provided with scale, is provided between double nose girders sliding slot (10), and sliding is embedded the T-type plate that section is T-type in the sliding slot
(7), double nose girder upper surfaces are provided with T-type plate limiting slot (9), are detachably provided with limit in the T-type plate limiting slot (9)
Steel disc；
Be provided with cube shaped outer framework (1) on the model casing cushion cap (4), be embedded on the outer framework (1) side plate and
Two plate of front and back, the side plate and two plate of front and back are fixed baffle (2), and the outer framework (1) is set to above double nose girders (8)；
The model casing bottom is provided with movable floor, and the movable floor includes the T-type plate (7) of muti-piece splicing, the T-type plate
(7) top is provided with flapper (5), and the flapper (5) is parallel to side plate, and the flapper (5) and outside are arranged
There are apparatus for adjusting position (6)；
Similar native (3) are accumulated by the barred body for the unlike material that section is ellipse, and the length and model casing of barred body are wide
Spend identical, the thickness of barred body includes three kinds of dimensions above, and the material of barred body includes rod iron, rubber bar, aluminium bar and sticking plaster.
2. a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Bit andits control system
(6) are united as jack or hydraulic cylinder, the quantity of the apparatus for adjusting position (6) is one or more.
3. a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the outer framework is constituted
Two plane of front and back on the fixed baffle that is embedded in be transparent baffle, be provided with grid and scale on the transparent baffle.
4. a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the barred body ellipse
The long axis length in section is 1.5-2.5 times of minor axis length, and the long axis length is 60-100mm.
5. a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the barred body
For 20-40cm.
6. a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flapper is also
It can be substituted, be set on T-type plate (7) by test component.
7. a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the test component packet
Include prefabricated retaining wall, pile foundation.
8. using a kind of method of the similar soil model experimental rig progress simulation test of any two dimension of claim 1-7,
It is characterized in that,
It is filled in model test box using unlike material, various sizes of barred body as the similar soil of filler, carries out simulated experiment；
Unlike material in the similar soil of the filler, various sizes of barred body ratio deployed according to the parameter of the soil body to be simulated, reality
Now to the control of similar this experiment parameter of soil matrix；
The length of the barred body and model test box are of same size, and barred body section is ellipse, the thickness of barred body include three kinds with
Upper size, barred body material include rod iron, rubber bar, aluminium bar and sticking plaster.
9. the method that a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension according to claim 8 carries out simulation test, feature
It is, the method for using the similar soil of filler to be filled in the model test box carries out subregion distribution filling for model test box
The similar soil of fixed mixing ratio.
10. the method that a kind of similar soil model experimental rig of two dimension according to claim 8 carries out simulation test, feature
It is, described similar this experiment parameter of soil matrix includes but is not limited to the elasticity modulus, angle of friction, porosity, severe of similar soil.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111042228A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-04-21 | 北京中岩大地科技股份有限公司 | Multifunctional stirring model test box and use method thereof |
| CN112146997A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Magnetic rod similar soil, shear test device and method based on magnetic rod similar soil technology |
| CN112557178A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-26 | 中北大学 | Multifunctional two-dimensional similar reinforced soil structure model test device |
| CN113390541A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-14 | 西安科技大学 | Similar simulation experiment model and laying method thereof |
| CN114518441A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Two-dimensional test model and method for simulating tunnel excavation stratum loss |
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