CN106706886A - Experiment device and method of rainfall side slope model under lateral non-uniform loading condition - Google Patents
Experiment device and method of rainfall side slope model under lateral non-uniform loading condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN106706886A CN106706886A CN201710107663.7A CN201710107663A CN106706886A CN 106706886 A CN106706886 A CN 106706886A CN 201710107663 A CN201710107663 A CN 201710107663A CN 106706886 A CN106706886 A CN 106706886A
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Abstract
The invention provides an experiment device and a method of a rainfall side slope model under lateral non-uniform loading conditions. The experiment device comprises a model box, a lateral non-uniform loading system and a rainfall system, wherein the lateral non-uniform loading system is arranged on the left side of the model box; the rainfall system is arranged at the top of the model box; the lower end of a pressing plate in the lateral non-uniform loading system is hinged to the bottom of the model box; the left side of the upper end of the pressing plate is hinged to an oil cylinder piston which is mounted on an oil cylinder support base; under the action that a piston is pushed by hydraulic equipment to move, the pressing plate can be controlled to rotate around a connecting rod support base at the lower end. By adopting a lateral non-uniform loading mode, the characteristics that an upper part has large displacement and a lower part has small displacement in the deformation process of a side slope are achieved, and actual deformation characteristics of the side slope are relatively really simulated. Through simultaneous rainfall and lateral non-uniform loading simulation, the side slope deformation degree, the infiltration depth and the position of a sliding surface can be tested under different rainfall types and different lateral non-uniform loading conditions. The problems that single external influence factors are available and actual side slope deformation is not met in conventional artificial rainfall simulation tests can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering technical field of measurement and test, and in particular to rainfall side under a kind of lateral non-homogeneous loading environment
Slope bath scaled model experimental device, the device is used in slope project field the model examination of the rainfall side slope under lateral non-homogeneous loading environment
Test research.
Background technology
Landslide is a kind of common geological disaster, and its is frequent surprising with seriousness.Man of Shi Yigeduo mountain countries of China, landslide
Frequently, brought about great losses to industrial and agricultural production and people's lives, the even destructive disaster having.Research on landslide is always
It is the research emphasis in disaster field, and rainfall is one of principal element of induced landslide.Further investigation condition of raining slope loses
Steady rule is predicted landslide disaster and preventing and treating has important theory significance and engineering practical value.And outdoor field test is usual
Influenceed by place, weather condition and human factor etc., cost is larger and time-consuming more long；Indoor side slope model test has cost
The advantages of low and ease for operation, be the important method for disclosing landslide mechanism and rule, can intuitively observe slope deforming
Destructive process, for research on landslide provides important evidence.
At present, domestic and international rainfall Landslide Model apparatus function is relatively simple, and most counting apparatus cannot realize many factors pair
The influence of stability of slope.When failure test is carried out to existing side slope rainfall model, the external influence factors for being considered are not
Comprehensively, it have ignored the lateral displacement that side slope in nature is produced due to lateral load.And have ignored the rainfall side of lateral displacement
Slope model test, the test data for being drawn is incomplete, because the stability of side slope is necessarily influenceed by lateral displacement.
Therefore, it is necessary to the lateral displacement that will be produced is in view of in side slope model test, to improve the reliability of stability of slope Journal of Sex Research.
During to the sophisticated practice of single load testing machine, also occur in that some realize setting for lateral loading
Meter, but be all mostly side slope is produced identical deformation displacement using overall uniform load the model side slope side soil body, no
Meet the actual conditions of slope deforming.For side slope rain test, although existing some artificially-simulated rainfall systems, but there is branch
Frame fix be difficult to adjust, kinetic energy and natural rainfall difference is big and rainfall intensity not easy-regulating the problems such as.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim to address current side slope rainfall model experiment in external influence factors it is single, simulation do not meet side
Slope practical distortion feature, support fix be difficult to adjust, kinetic energy with actual rainfall difference greatly and rainfall intensity easy-regulating etc. is not asked
Topic.
Therefore, the invention provides rainfall side slope bath scaled model experimental device under a kind of lateral non-homogeneous loading environment, including mould
Molding box, model casing is by side plate, front plate, baffle plate and the end to end cube casing for surrounding into of backplate, the bottom of model casing
It is base plate, open top, the non-homogeneous loading system also including rainfall simulation system and laterally, rainfall simulation system is arranged on model
The top of case, lateral non-homogeneous loading system is by the hydraulic test outside model casing, cylinder support and in model casing
Pressing plate composition, hydraulic test is connected by pressure hose with cylinder support, cylinder support on the outer wall of side plate, oil cylinder
The upper end that piston on bearing is stretched into model casing with pressing plate through side plate is hinged, and lower end and the connecting rod support of pressing plate are hinged, even
Rod bearing is arranged on the lower end of side plate, and connecting rod support and piston are hinged with the same face of pressing plate and pull pressing plate, make hold-down plate surface
Obliquely it is placed in model casing to baffle plate, a pressing plate face uniform intervals relative with baffle plate are fixed with the miniature soil of multiple resistance-types
Pressure gauge, the miniature earth pressure gauge of resistance-type is connected to resistor straining testing instrument.
Cuboidal metal framework is welded on the base plate, side plate, front plate, baffle plate and backplate are fixed and be fitted in gold
Belong to four faces of framework, four gaps between plate and metal framework are filled using fluid sealant, set between front plate and backplate
There is vertical supporting, vertical supporting is welded on metal framework, the front plate is made of safety glass, is provided with front plate
Coordinate grid.
The rainfall simulation system include channel-section steel, rainfall support, supply channel, water tank, electromagnetic pipeline switch, voltage-stablizer,
Water meter and electric flow control valve；
Channel-section steel is bolted the top for being buckled in metal framework, and rainfall support is welded on the back side of channel-section steel, and supply channel is fixed
Rainfall cradle top is arranged on, several spray orifices is equidistantly offered on supply channel, the end of supply channel is connected to water pump,
Water pump is stretched into water tank, and electromagnetic pipeline switch, voltage-stablizer, water meter and electric flow control valve are sequentially connected in series in supply channel
On, electromagnetic pipeline switch is located near water pump one end.
The hydraulic test includes fuel tank and the oil cylinder on cylinder support, and oil cylinder is by the pressure hose side of being connected to
To control valve, two pipelines are provided between directional control valve and fuel tank, are respectively feed line and oil return pipeline, in feed line
Coarse oil filter, oil pump, check valve, pressure gauge are sequentially connected in series, coarse oil filter is arranged on the outlet of fuel tank, and check valve is arranged on oil
Pump discharge, oil pump is also connected with motor, and oil filter is concatenated on oil return pipeline, connects between the entrance and feed line of oil filter
It is connected to overflow valve.
The rainfall support is bolted and is constituted by many vertical square steel and the horizontal square steel of Duo Gen, wherein side vertically
Steel is paired and is vertically welded in the back side of channel-section steel, and each vertical square steel offers multiple apertures, level along its length
Square steel is plugged in the aperture on every a pair vertical square steel, and supply channel is fixed on horizontal square steel.
Universal wheel is installed on the base plate of the model casing, osculum is further opened with base plate, osculum is connected with draining
Filter screen is installed, drainage switch is installed in the end of drainpipe in pipe, drainpipe.
The pressing plate is equipped with sealing ring with side plate, front plate and backplate contact position.
Rainfall side slope model experiment method under a kind of lateral non-homogeneous loading environment, is placed in model casing by side slope model first
It is interior, electromagnetic pipeline switch is opened, control rainfall is adjusted by electric flow control valve, open up rain test；It is then turned on electricity
Motivation, lateral non-homogeneous loading is carried out by pressing plate side slope model, the miniature earth pressure gauge collection pressure of resistance-type and by pressure
Data are transferred to resistor straining testing instrument, and rain test terminates, and close electromagnetic pipeline switch；Drainage switch is finally opened, is discharged
Ponding in model casing.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：1. apparatus of the present invention are simple to operate, multiple functional, can simulate laterally non-homogeneous adding
Rainfall side slope model test under the conditions of load, external influence factors consider comprehensive, are effectively improved stability of slope Journal of Sex Research
Reliability.
2. lateral non-homogeneous load mode realizes slope deforming process upper position and moves big, bottom displacement in the present invention
Small the characteristics of, more truly simulate the practical distortion feature of side slope, solve in the past entirety uniform load in slope deforming not
Meet actual problem.
3. rainfall support of the present invention is designed using height-adjustable, under the conditions of different rain types, can guarantee that simulation rain
Drop speed is consistent with natural rainfall raindrop speed, can preferably simulate natural rainfall, can meet different height and different gradient
The rainfall side slope model test of side slope model.
4. the design using electric flow control valve of the invention, energy quick regulation rainfall intensity, and it is simple and convenient.Rainfall
System is designed using ductwork type, and when Rainfall height is constant, rainfall kinetic energy has good linear relationship with rainfall intensity,
Rainfall kinetic energy is approached with natural rainfall.Compared to nozzle-like design, operation and operation are easy.
5. lateral non-homogeneous loading uses HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM in the present invention, and pressing plate loading velocity passes through overflow valve regulation,
Easy to operate and pressure value stabilization.
6. model casing, equipped with the transparent front plate of safety glass, is provided with coordinate grid in the present invention in front plate, in drop
In the process of the test of rain landslide, can be with coordinate grid as reference, accurate observation slope deformation destruction process, record slope displacement,
Rainfall infiltration depth and sliding surface position.
7. the design that rainfall support is connected by screw bolts in the present invention, be conducive to rainfall support unit assembling, dismounting with
Transport.
8. model box main body of the present invention uses soldering, and intensity is high, and can effectively prevent infiltration.
9. model casing bottom of the present invention is equipped with universal wheel, is easy to movement.
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to accompanying drawing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of rainfall side slope model test apparatus under lateral non-homogeneous loading environment.
Fig. 2 is the right view of rainfall side slope model test apparatus under lateral non-homogeneous loading environment.
Fig. 3 is the top view of rainfall side slope model test apparatus under lateral non-homogeneous loading environment.
Fig. 4 is hydraulic test structural representation.
Fig. 5 is rainfall system structure diagram.
Fig. 6 is the vertical square steel schematic diagram of rainfall support.
Description of reference numerals：1st, model casing；2nd, pressing plate；3rd, sealing ring；4th, connecting rod support；5th, hydraulic test；6th, oil cylinder branch
Seat；7th, vertical supporting；8th, universal wheel；9th, filter screen；10th, drainage switch；11st, front plate；12nd, metal framework；13rd, coordinate grid；
14th, feed line；15th, channel-section steel；16th, rainfall support；17th, oil return pipeline；18th, supply channel；19th, baffle plate；20th, resistance-type is miniature
Earth pressure gauge；21st, backplate；22nd, side plate；23rd, resistor straining testing instrument；24th, base plate；25th, osculum；26th, coarse oil filter；
27th, oil pump；28th, fuel tank；29th, motor；30th, check valve；31st, oil filter；32nd, overflow valve；33rd, pressure gauge；34th, direction controlling
Valve；35th, pressure hose；36th, oil cylinder；37th, piston；38th, spray orifice；39th, water pump；40th, water tank；41st, electromagnetic pipeline switch；42nd, it is steady
Depressor；43rd, water meter；44th, electric flow control valve；45th, side slope model.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
Present embodiments provide rainfall side slope bath scaled model experimental device under a kind of lateral non-homogeneous loading environment as shown in Figure 1, bag
Model casing 1 is included, model casing 1 is by side plate 22, front plate 11, baffle plate 19 and the end to end bin-cube for surrounding into of backplate 21
Body, the bottom of model casing 1 is base plate 24, open top, it is characterised in that：Also include that rainfall simulation system adds with laterally non-homogeneous
Loading system, rainfall simulation system is arranged on the top of model casing 1, and lateral non-homogeneous loading system is by the liquid outside model casing 1
Pressure equipment 5, cylinder support 6 and the pressing plate in model casing 12 are constituted, and hydraulic test 5 is by pressure hose 35 and oil cylinder branch
Seat 6 is connected, and cylinder support 6 is arranged on the outer wall of side plate 22, and the piston 37 on cylinder support 6 stretches into model casing through side plate 22
It is hinged with the upper end of pressing plate 2 in 1, lower end and the connecting rod support 4 of pressing plate 2 are hinged, connecting rod support 4 is arranged on the lower end of side plate 22,
Connecting rod support 4 and piston 37 are hinged with the same face of pressing plate 2 and pull pressing plate 2, pressing plate 2 is obliquely put towards baffle plate 19
In in model casing 1, the face uniform intervals relative with baffle plate 19 of pressing plate 2 are fixed with the miniature earth pressure gauge 20 of multiple resistance-types, electricity
The miniature earth pressure gauge 20 of resistive is connected to resistor straining testing instrument 23.
It should be noted that direction as described below is 1 description for carrying out referring to the drawings, the left side of model casing 1 is equipped with side
To non-homogeneous loading system, lateral non-homogeneous loading system includes pressing plate 2, cylinder support 6 and hydraulic test 5.Outside side plate 22
Upper lateral part welds cylinder support 6, and connecting rod support 4 is welded in the inside bottom of side plate 22.On the left of the upper end of pressing plate 2 and installed in oil cylinder branch
Piston 37 on seat 6 is hinged, and the lower end of pressing plate 2 is hinged by connecting rod support 4 and the left bottom of model casing 1.The right side of pressing plate 2 is fixed with
The miniature earth pressure gauge 20 of several resistance-types.Cylinder support 6 is connected with hydraulic test 5 by pressure hose 35.By hydraulic pressure
Equipment 5 changes the oil pressure in pressure hose 35 to adjust the oil cylinder piston 37 on cylinder support 6, and pressing plate 2 is controlled.
Present invention step when experiment is come down in the rainfall under carrying out lateral non-homogeneous loading environment is as follows：
It is ready for making the experiment soil of side slope model 45 first, the dry density and placement in layers thickness according to control are advance
Estimate the soil amount for needing；Before side slope model 45 is filled, calibration is carried out to indexs such as Raindrop diameter, the uniformity and rainfall intensities；
Side slope model 45 according to experimental design progressively bankets, and for the homogenieity of holding slopes as much as possible, filling to be layered
Fill, successively tamp；Rainfall simulation system is opened, and according to the pressure value set in testing program, opens laterally non-homogeneous adding
Loading system, lateral non-homogeneous loading is carried out by the side slope model 45 of pressing plate 2, and the miniature earth pressure gauge 20 of resistance-type is connected with resistance
Strain testing instrument 23 is acquired pressure change；Can be by the observational record side of coordinate grid 13 in front plate 11 in rainfall
The deformation and failure situation on slope；Rain test terminates, and completes the rainfall landslide experiment under lateral non-homogeneous loading environment.
Lateral non-homogeneous load mode realizes slope deforming process upper position to move big, bottom displacement small in the present invention
Feature, more truly simulates the practical distortion feature of side slope, and slope deforming does not meet in solving entirety uniform load in the past
Actual problem.Lateral non-homogeneous loading uses HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM, and pressing plate loading velocity is easy to operate by overflow valve regulation
And pressure value stabilization.
Embodiment 2：
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in figure 1, cuboidal metal framework 12 is welded on the base plate 24, side plate 22,
Front plate 11, baffle plate 19 and backplate 21 fix four faces for being fitted in metal framework 12, between four plates and metal framework 12
Gap using fluid sealant fill, vertical supporting 7 is provided between front plate 11 and backplate 21, vertical supporting 7 is welded on metal
On framework 12, the front plate 11 is made of safety glass, and coordinate grid 13 is provided with front plate 11.
The metal framework 12 of model casing 1 uses soldering, and side plate 22 is made using steel plate, is weldingly fixed on model casing 1
, there is vertical supporting 7 side in the front middle setting of model casing 1, is welded in metal framework 12, and front plate 11 uses safety glass
Make, several holes are equipped with the surrounding of front plate 11, be bolted on model casing 1, surrounding hole is filled with fluid sealant, just
Coordinate grid 13 is also set up on panel 11, slope deformation destruction process is observed by coordinate grid 13, record slope displacement and cunning
Dynamic face position.The main body of model casing 1 uses soldering, and intensity is high, and can effectively prevent infiltration.
Embodiment 3：
On the basis of embodiment 2, the rainfall simulation system includes channel-section steel 15, rainfall support 16, supply channel 18, water tank
40th, electromagnetic pipeline switch 41, voltage-stablizer 42, water meter 43 and electric flow control valve 44；
Channel-section steel 15 is bolted the top for being buckled in metal framework 12, and rainfall support 16 is welded on the back side of channel-section steel 15, supplies water
Pipeline 18 is fixedly installed on the top of rainfall support 16, and several spray orifices 38, supply channel are equidistantly offered on supply channel 18
18 end is connected to water pump 39, and water pump 39 is stretched into water tank 40, electromagnetic pipeline switch 41, voltage-stablizer 42, water meter 43 and electricity
Dynamic flow control valve 44 is sequentially connected in series on supply channel 18, and electromagnetic pipeline switch 41 is located near the one end of water pump 39.
As shown in figure 5, rainfall simulation system include rainfall support 16, supply channel 18, spray orifice 38, water pump 39, water tank 40,
Electromagnetic pipeline switch 41, voltage-stablizer 42, water meter 43 and electric flow control valve 44.Supply channel 18 is held using the PVC of Φ 25
Pressure pipe, all pipeline connections are processed using hot melt.Several spray orifices 38, the wherein diameter of spray orifice 38 are equipped with supply channel 18
1 mm, the cm of adjacent orifices spacing 10.Water pump 39 can provide power to rainfall simulation system.Water tank 40 is used for laying in experiment use
Water.The effect of electromagnetic pipeline switch 41 is to automatically control spray orifice 38 to switch, and plays and avoids non-rainfall from dripping and debugging process
The effect of closing.The effect of voltage-stablizer 42 is the pressure of stationary flow.Water meter 43 can show test water amount.Can be by electronic
The regulation control rainfall size of flow control valve 44.Rainfall support 16 using square steel make, bottom welding at the back side of channel-section steel 15, and
Channel-section steel 15 is buckled in the top of model casing 1, blending bolt is consolidated, it is ensured that the stability of rainfall support 16.Other portions of rainfall support 16
Position connection is connected by screw bolts.The iron wire colligation of supply channel 18 is at the top of rainfall support 16.
Design using electric flow control valve of the invention, energy quick regulation rainfall intensity, and it is simple and convenient.Rainfall system
Designed using ductwork type, when Rainfall height is constant, rainfall kinetic energy has good linear relationship, rainfall with rainfall intensity
Kinetic energy is approached with natural rainfall.Compared to nozzle-like design, operation and operation are easy.The design that rainfall support is connected by screw bolts,
Be conducive to assembling, dismounting and the transport of rainfall support unit.
Embodiment 4：
On the basis of embodiment 1, the hydraulic test 5 includes fuel tank 28 and the oil cylinder 36 on cylinder support 6, oil cylinder
36 are connected to directional control valve 34 by pressure hose 35, and two pipelines are provided between directional control valve 34 and fuel tank 28, respectively
It is feed line 14 and oil return pipeline 17, coarse oil filter 26, oil pump 27, check valve 30, pressure is sequentially connected in series in feed line 14
Power table 33, coarse oil filter 26 is arranged on the outlet of fuel tank 28, and check valve 30 is exported installed in oil pump 27, and oil pump 27 is also connected with electricity
Motivation 29, concatenates oil filter 31 on oil return pipeline 17, overflow valve is connected between the entrance and feed line 14 of oil filter 31
32。
As shown in figure 4, hydraulic test 5 is by coarse oil filter 26, oil pump 27, fuel tank 28, check valve 30, oil filter 31, overflow
Valve 32, pressure gauge 33, directional control valve 34, oil cylinder 36, piston 37 and connect the pressure hose 35 of these elements and constitute.Pressing plate
During the 2 non-homogeneous load of applying, after oil pump 27 is driven by motor 29, the oil suction from fuel tank 28.Oil enters by coarse oil filter 26
Oil pump 27, from entrance low pressure to outlet high pressure in pump chamber, pressure value can be measured oil by precision pressure gauge 33.Fluid is by unidirectional
Then valve 30, the regulation by overflow valve 32 to oil pressure enters the left chamber of oil cylinder 36 by directional control valve 34, promotes piston 37 to make
Pressing plate 2 moves right.At this moment, the oil of the right chamber of oil cylinder 36 flows back to fuel tank through pressure hose 35, directional control valve 34 and oil filter 31
28.When pressing plate 2 stops applying uneven load, directional control valve 34 is adjusted, the oil in pressure hose 35 will be by direction controlling
Valve 34 is moved to the left pressing plate 2 into the right chamber of oil cylinder 36, promotion piston 37, and makes the oil of the left chamber of oil cylinder 36 through directional control valve
34th, pressure hose 35 and oil filter 31 flow back to fuel tank 28.
Lateral non-homogeneous loading uses HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM in the present invention, and the loading velocity of pressing plate 2 is adjusted by overflow valve 32,
Easy to operate and pressure value stabilization.
Embodiment 5：
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, the rainfall support 16 is connected by bolt by many vertical square steel and the horizontal square steel of Duo Gen
Composition is connect, wherein vertical square steel is paired and is vertically welded in the back side of channel-section steel 15, and each vertical square steel is along its length
Multiple apertures are offered, horizontal square steel is plugged in the aperture on every a pair vertical square steel, and supply channel 18 is fixed on level side
On steel.
There is a hole of aperture 12mm every 20cm on rainfall support 16, horizontal square steel is fixed on by different holes by bolt
On come realize adjust Rainfall height.
Embodiment 6：
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1 or 2, universal wheel 8, base plate are installed on the base plate 24 of the model casing 1
Osculum 25 is further opened with 24, osculum 25 is connected with and filter screen 9 is installed in drainpipe, drainpipe, and the end of drainpipe is installed
Drainage switch 10.
The bottom of model casing 1 is equipped with 4 universal wheels 8, and universal wheel 8 is bolted in the bottom of model casing 1.The bottom of model casing 1
Portion right side is provided with osculum 25, and the bottom of osculum 25 is equipped with drainage switch 10, and sets filter screen 9 to prevent soil sample from washing away or blocking
Osculum 25.
Embodiment 7：
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in Fig. 2 the pressing plate 2 is equal with side plate 22, front plate 11 and the contact position of backplate 21
It is provided with sealing ring 3.The right side of model casing 1 is not closed, is welded with baffle plate 19.Pressing plate left side, downside and right side are provided with sealing ring
3, and can effectively prevent from mutually being seeped water between side slope model 45 and the left side of model casing 1.
Embodiment 8：
Rainfall side slope model experiment method under a kind of lateral non-homogeneous loading environment is present embodiments provided, first by side slope model
45 are placed in model casing 1, open electromagnetic pipeline switch 41, and control rainfall is adjusted by electric flow control valve 44, open up drop
Rain is tested；Motor 29 is then turned on, lateral non-homogeneous loading, the miniature soil of resistance-type are carried out by the side slope model 45 of pressing plate 2
Pressure gauge 20 gathers pressure and pressure data is transferred into resistor straining testing instrument 23, and rain test terminates, and closes electromagnetic pipeline
Switch 41；Finally open drainage switch 10, the ponding in discharge model casing 1.
Specifically, present invention step when experiment is come down in the rainfall under carrying out lateral non-homogeneous loading environment is as follows：
First, it is ready for making the experiment soil of side slope model 45 first, according to the dry density and placement in layers thickness of control
Pre-estimate the soil amount of needs；
2nd, before side slope model 45 is filled, calibration is carried out to indexs such as Raindrop diameter, the uniformity and rainfall intensities；
3rd, the side slope model 45 according to experimental design progressively bankets, and for the homogenieity of holding slopes as much as possible, fills out
Build and answer placement in layers, successively tamp；
4th, after completing the filling of side slope model 45, according to experimental design rainfall, test water has been laid in water tank 40 first,
The initial value of water meter 43 is recorded, electromagnetic pipeline switch 41 is opened, control rainfall is adjusted by electric flow control valve 44, start drop
Rain is tested；
5th, according to the pressure value set in testing program, lateral non-homogeneous loading system is opened, by the side slope model of pressing plate 2
45 carry out lateral non-homogeneous loading, and the miniature earth pressure gauge 20 of resistance-type is connected with resistor straining testing instrument 23 and is acquired pressure change
Change；
6th, can be by the deformation and failure situation of the observational record side slope of coordinate grid 13 in front plate 11 in rainfall；
7th, at the end of rain test, electromagnetic pipeline switch 41 is closed, to avoid in supply channel 18 remaining current to soil erosion
Influence, for prevent spray orifice 38 by impurity block influence rainfall uniformity, one rainfall event experiment before first discharge supply channel 18
Interior impure ponding, is then adjusted to higher value by the water pressure in rainfall system, miscellaneous in supply channel 18 accumulating in
Matter is gone out.
It is exemplified as above be only to of the invention for example, do not constitute the limitation to protection scope of the present invention, it is all
It is that design same or analogous with the present invention is belonged within protection scope of the present invention.The portion that the present embodiment is not described in detail
Part and structure belong to the well-known components and common structure or conventional means of the industry, do not describe one by one here.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of rainfall side slope bath scaled model experimental device under lateral non-homogeneous loading environment, including model casing（1）, model casing（1）It is
By side plate（22）, front plate（11）, baffle plate（19）And backplate（21）The end to end cube casing for surrounding into, model casing（1）
Bottom be base plate（24）, open top, it is characterised in that：Also include rainfall simulation system and lateral non-homogeneous loading system,
Rainfall simulation system is arranged on model casing（1）Top, lateral non-homogeneous loading system is by positioned at model casing（1）Outer hydraulic pressure sets
It is standby（5）, cylinder support（6）And positioned at model casing（1）Interior pressing plate（2）Composition, hydraulic test（5）By pressure hose（35）
With cylinder support（6）Connection, cylinder support（6）Installed in side plate（22）Outer wall on, cylinder support（6）On piston（37）Wear
Cross side plate（22）Stretch into model casing（1）Interior and pressing plate（2）Upper end be hinged, pressing plate（2）Lower end and connecting rod support（4）It is hinged,
Connecting rod support（4）Installed in side plate（22）Lower end, connecting rod support（4）And piston（37）And pressing plate（2）The same face be hinged
And pull pressing plate（2）, make pressing plate（2）Towards baffle plate（19）Obliquely it is placed in model casing（1）It is interior, pressing plate（2）With baffle plate（19）
A relative face uniform intervals are fixed with the miniature earth pressure gauge of multiple resistance-types（20）, the miniature earth pressure gauge of resistance-type（20）Connection
Resistor straining testing instrument（23）.
2. rainfall side slope bath scaled model experimental device under non-homogeneous loading environment as claimed in claim 1 lateral, it is characterised in that：Institute
State base plate（24）On be welded cuboidal metal framework（12）, side plate（22）, front plate（11）, baffle plate（19）And backplate
（21）Fixation is fitted in metal framework（12）Four faces, four plates and metal framework（12）Between gap filled out using fluid sealant
Fill, front plate（11）And backplate（21）Between be provided with vertical supporting（7）, vertical supporting（7）It is welded on metal framework（12）On,
The front plate（11）It is made of safety glass, in front plate（11）It is provided with coordinate grid（13）.
3. rainfall side slope bath scaled model experimental device under non-homogeneous loading environment as claimed in claim 2 lateral, it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating rainfall simulation system includes channel-section steel（15）, rainfall support（16）, supply channel（18）, water tank（40）, electromagnetic pipeline switch
（41）, voltage-stablizer（42）, water meter（43）And electric flow control valve（44）；
Channel-section steel（15）It is bolted and is buckled in metal framework（12）Top, rainfall support（16）It is welded on channel-section steel（15）The back of the body
Face, supply channel（18）It is fixedly installed on rainfall support（16）Top, supply channel（18）On equidistantly offer several spray
Hole（38）, supply channel（18）End be connected to water pump（39）, water pump（39）Stretch into water tank（40）It is interior, electromagnetic pipeline switch
（41）, voltage-stablizer（42）, water meter（43）And electric flow control valve（44）It is sequentially connected in series in supply channel（18）On, solenoid tube
Way switch（41）It is located near water pump（39）One end.
4. rainfall side slope bath scaled model experimental device under non-homogeneous loading environment as claimed in claim 1 lateral, it is characterised in that：Institute
State hydraulic test（5）Including fuel tank（28）With installed in cylinder support（6）On oil cylinder（36）, oil cylinder（36）By pressure hose
（35）It is connected to directional control valve（34）, directional control valve（34）And fuel tank（28）Between be provided with two pipelines, be respectively oil-feed
Pipeline（14）With oil return pipeline（17）, feed line（14）On be sequentially connected in series coarse oil filter（26）, oil pump（27）, check valve
（30）, pressure gauge（33）, coarse oil filter（26）Installed in fuel tank（28）Outlet, check valve（30）Installed in oil pump（27）Go out
Mouthful, oil pump（27）It is also connected with motor（29）, oil return pipeline（17）On concatenate oil filter（31）, oil filter（31）Entrance
With feed line（14）Between be connected with overflow valve（32）.
5. rainfall side slope bath scaled model experimental device under non-homogeneous loading environment as claimed in claim 3 lateral, it is characterised in that：Institute
State rainfall support（16）It is bolted and is constituted by many vertical square steel and the horizontal square steel of Duo Gen, wherein vertical square steel is paired
And it is vertically welded in channel-section steel（15）The back side, and each vertical square steel offers multiple apertures, level side along its length
Steel is plugged in the aperture on every a pair vertical square steel, supply channel（18）It is fixed on horizontal square steel.
6. rainfall side slope bath scaled model experimental device under non-homogeneous loading environment as claimed in claim 1 lateral, it is characterised in that：Institute
State model casing（1）Base plate（24）On universal wheel is installed（8）, base plate（24）On be further opened with osculum（25）, osculum
（25）It is connected with and filter screen is installed in drainpipe, drainpipe（9）, drainage switch is installed in the end of drainpipe（10）.
7. rainfall side slope bath scaled model experimental device under non-homogeneous loading environment as claimed in claim 1 lateral, it is characterised in that：Institute
State pressing plate（2）With side plate（22）, front plate（11）And backplate（21）Contact position is equipped with sealing ring（3）.
8. rainfall side slope model experiment method under a kind of lateral non-homogeneous loading environment, it is characterised in that：First by side slope model
（45）It is placed in model casing（1）It is interior, open electromagnetic pipeline switch（41）, by electric flow control valve（44）Regulation control rainfall
Amount, opens up rain test；It is then turned on motor（29）, by pressing plate（2）Side slope model（45）Carry out laterally non-homogeneous adding
Carry, the miniature earth pressure gauge of resistance-type（20）Pressure data is simultaneously transferred to resistor straining testing instrument by collection pressure（23）, rainfall examination
End is tested, electromagnetic pipeline switch is closed（41）；Finally open drainage switch（10）, discharge model casing（1）Interior ponding.
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