CN110438477B - 一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110438477B
CN110438477B CN201910830606.0A CN201910830606A CN110438477B CN 110438477 B CN110438477 B CN 110438477B CN 201910830606 A CN201910830606 A CN 201910830606A CN 110438477 B CN110438477 B CN 110438477B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
solution
tin dioxide
layer
transition layer
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201910830606.0A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN110438477A (zh
Inventor
刘俊成
孙明悦
王永
高亚男
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tianjin Polytechnic University
Original Assignee
Tianjin Polytechnic University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tianjin Polytechnic University filed Critical Tianjin Polytechnic University
Priority to CN201910830606.0A priority Critical patent/CN110438477B/zh
Publication of CN110438477A publication Critical patent/CN110438477A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110438477B publication Critical patent/CN110438477B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/1204Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
    • C23C18/1208Oxides, e.g. ceramics
    • C23C18/1216Metal oxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/125Process of deposition of the inorganic material
    • C23C18/1254Sol or sol-gel processing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/125Process of deposition of the inorganic material
    • C23C18/1295Process of deposition of the inorganic material with after-treatment of the deposited inorganic material

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法。所述透明导电薄膜包括衬底和依次附着于所述衬底上的过渡层和导电层;所述过渡层为具有金红石晶体结构的材料;所述导电层为第VA族及第VIIA族元素掺杂的二氧化锡。本发明解决了二氧化锡薄膜本身表面电阻高、导电性差的问题,最终制备的薄膜结晶度高、结构均匀性好,具有良好的导电性和附着力,并且采用的设备简单,易于控制,不需要特殊环境,易于实现大规模生产。

Description

一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于半导体材料科学领域,具体涉及一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
透明导电薄膜作为一种新型材料,具有优异的光电性能,在平板显示器、薄膜太阳能电池、气敏传感器低辐射玻璃等领域有广泛应用。当前研究最为广泛的是金属膜系和氧化物膜系,其中氧化物膜系中占主导地位的包括锡掺杂氧化铟、铝掺杂氧化锌等。
二氧化锡是一种n型宽禁带半导体,具有正四面体金红石结构,化学稳定性好。本征的二氧化锡载流子分离率低,限制了其进一步应用。为了进一步提高二氧化锡的光电性能,满足实际应用的要求,通常对其进行掺杂。常用的掺杂元素有锑、氟、磷等元素,但单一元素的掺杂或者单层薄膜对薄膜导电性能的改善效果有限。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法,该方法易于操作,成本低廉,得到的掺杂二氧化锡薄膜表面均匀,结构致密,并且具有良好的导电性。
为达上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜,所述透明导电薄膜包括衬底和依次附着于所述衬底上的过渡层和导电层;
所述过渡层为具有金红石晶体结构的材料;
所述导电层为第VA族及第VIIA族元素掺杂的二氧化锡。
本发明采用具有金红石晶体结构的材料作为过渡层,用第VA族及第VIIA族元素掺杂的二氧化锡作为导电层,得到具有良好导电性能的薄膜。
优选地,所述第VA族氧化物包括氧化锑;
优选地,所述第VA族氯化物包括氯化锑;
本发明所述导电层应选用锑元素和氟元素掺杂二氧化锡,由于锑元素容易取代二氧化锡中锡离子的位置,氟元素容易取代二氧化锡中氧离子的位置,产生自由电子,提高体系的自由电子浓度,因此选用锑元素和氟元素。
优选地,所述导电层中第VA族元素的含量为2~20mol%,例如2mol%、4mol%、6mol%、8mol%、10mol%等。
优选地,所述导电层中第VIIA族元素的含量为10~50mol%,例如10mol%、15mol%、20mol%、25mol%、30mol%等。
优选地,所述衬底的厚度为0.5~2mm,例如0.5mm,0.8mm,1mm,1.5mm、2mm等。
优选地,所述过渡层的厚度为20~100nm,例如20nm、40nm、60nm、80nm、100nm等。
优选地,所述导电层的厚度为50~200nm,例如60nm,80nm,100nm,150nm,200nm等。
优选地,所述具有金红石晶体结构的材料为二氧化钛、二氧化锡、二氧化锰和二氟化锌中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述衬底为载玻片、硅片或者石英玻璃片中的任意一种。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
在衬底上依次制备过渡层和导电层,得到透明导电复合薄膜;
所述过渡层为具有金红石晶体结构的材料,所述导电层为第VA族及第VIIA族元素掺杂的二氧化锡。
本发明在制备过程中通过调节掺杂剂用量、薄膜厚度、提拉速度、退火氛围以及退火温度,得到的薄膜具有良好的导电性,本发明制备过程简单,可用于工业化生产。
优选地,所述过渡层和导电层的制备方法包括喷雾热解法、真空蒸镀法、磁控溅射法、等离子体增强化学气相沉积法、溶胶-凝胶法和分子束外延法中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述过渡层和导电层的制备方法为溶胶-凝胶法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)分别配制过渡层前驱体溶液和导电层前驱体溶液;
(2)将清洗干净后的衬底在步骤(1)中的溶液中进行镀膜,得到过渡层和导电层;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的过渡层和导电层薄膜进行退火,得到掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜。
优选地,步骤(1)所述前驱体溶液的制备包括:将乙醇、冰乙酸、钛酸四丁酯混合配制成A液,将乙醇、水、硝酸混合配制成B液,各自搅拌后将B液缓慢滴加到A液中,继续搅拌,然后静置陈化得到过渡层前驱体溶液;分别称取氯化亚锡二水合物、氯化锑溶于无水乙醇,称取氯化铵溶于水,分别置于磁力搅拌器上搅拌均匀,然后分别将氯化锑的乙醇溶液与氟化铵水溶液缓慢滴加到氯化亚锡二水合物的乙醇溶液中,继续加热搅拌,待溶液澄清后,静置陈化得到导电层前驱体溶液。
优选地,步骤(1)所述搅拌速度为500~1000r/min,例如500r/min、600r/min、700r/min、800r/min、900r/min等。
优选地,步骤(1)所述搅拌加热温度为60~80℃,例如60℃、65℃、70℃、75℃、80℃等。
优选地,步骤(1)所述搅拌时间为1~6h,例如1h、2h、3h、4h、5h等。
优选地,所述氯化亚锡二水合物、氯化锑、氟化铵的纯度≥96%,例如96%、97%、98%、99%、99.5%等。
优选地,步骤(2)中所述镀膜工艺中提拉速度为1000~6000μm/s,例如1000μm/s、2000μm/s、3000μm/s、4000μm/s、5000μm/s等。
优选地,步骤(2)中所述镀膜工艺中浸渍时间为100~300s,例如100s、150s、200s、250s、300s等。
优选地,步骤(3)中所述退火氛围为空气、真空、氮气、氩气的任意一种。
优选地,步骤(3)中所述退火温度为400~800℃,例如400℃、450℃、500℃、550℃、600℃等。
优选地,步骤(3)中所述退火时间为1~3h,例如1h、1.5h、2h、2.5h、3h等。
优选地,步骤(3)中所述退火升温速率为2~10℃/min,例如2℃/min、4℃/min、6℃/min、8℃/min、10℃/min等。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明采用具有金红石晶体结构的材料作为过渡层,采用第VA族及第VIIA族元素掺杂的二氧化锡作为导电层,得到具有优良导电性能的薄膜,同时薄膜还具有结晶度高、结构均匀性好,附着力强等优势。
(2)本发明通过调节掺杂剂用量、薄膜厚度、提拉速度、退火氛围以及退火温度,得到具有良好导电性的薄膜,本发明制备过程简单,可用于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明具体实施例1得到的掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜的结构示意图,其中1为衬底层,2为过渡层,3为导电层。
具体实施方式
为便于理解本发明,本发明列举实施例如下。所述实施例仅用于帮助理解本发明,但并不仅限于此。
实施例1
一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)分别量取30ml乙醇、2ml冰乙酸与10ml钛酸四丁酯配制成A液,另外量取10ml乙醇、1ml水、0.5ml硝酸配制成B液,各自搅拌1h后,将B液缓慢滴加到A液中,继续搅拌2h,静置陈化得到过渡层前驱体溶液;称取3.2g氯化亚锡二水合物溶于50ml乙醇(A液)、0.4g氯化锑溶于5ml无水乙醇(B液),称取0.2g氯化铵溶于3ml水(C液),分别置于磁力搅拌器上搅拌均匀,然后分别将B液和C液缓慢滴加到A液中,继续加热搅拌,待溶液澄清后,静置陈化得到导电层前驱体溶液;
(2)将清洗干净后的衬底在步骤(1)中的溶液中以1500μm/s的提拉速度进行镀膜,得到厚度为20nm的过渡层和厚度为50nm的导电层;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的过渡层和导电层薄膜550℃退火1h,得到掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜。所述掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜的结构如图1所示,由图中可以看出1为衬底层,2为过渡层,3为导电层。
实施例2
与实施例1的区别在于,步骤(1)所述氯化锑的用量为0.2g。
实施例3
与实施例1的区别在于,步骤(1)所述氯化锑的用量为0.3g。
实施例4
与实施例1的区别在于,步骤(1)所述氯化锑的用量为0.5g。
实施例5
与实施例1的区别在于,步骤(1)所述氟化铵的用量为0.3g。
实施例6
与实施例1的区别在于,步骤(1)所述氟化铵的用量为0.4g。
采用四探针面电阻测试仪,在室温条件下对制备得到的掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜进行表面电阻的测试,每个实施例分别测量5样品取平均值。
性能测试结果如表1所示:
表1
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6
面电阻(Ω/□) 27 82 65 73 58 53
通过表1可以看出,本发明得到的掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜性能良好,面电阻较低,实施例1得到的材料性能最好,面电阻为27Ω。

Claims (1)

1.一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜的制备方法,透明导电薄膜包括衬底和依次附着于所述衬底上的过渡层和导电层,其特征在于,所述过渡层和导电层的制备方法为溶胶-凝胶法,包括如下步骤:
(1)分别量取30mL乙醇、2mL冰乙酸与10mL钛酸四丁酯配制成A液,另外量取10mL乙醇、1mL水、0.5mL硝酸配制成B液,各自搅拌1h后,将B液缓慢滴加到A液中,继续搅拌2h,静置陈化得到过渡层前驱体溶液;称取3.2g氯化亚锡二水合物溶于50mL乙醇、0.4g氯化锑溶于5mL无水乙醇,称取0.2g氯化铵溶于3mL水,分别置于磁力搅拌器上搅拌均匀,继续加热搅拌,待溶液澄清后,静置陈化得到导电层前驱体溶液;
(2)将清洗干净后的衬底在步骤(1)中的溶液中以1500μm/s的提拉速度进行镀膜,得到厚度为20nm的过渡层和厚度为50nm的导电层;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的过渡层和导电层薄膜550℃退火1h,得到掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜。
CN201910830606.0A 2019-09-03 2019-09-03 一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法 Active CN110438477B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910830606.0A CN110438477B (zh) 2019-09-03 2019-09-03 一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910830606.0A CN110438477B (zh) 2019-09-03 2019-09-03 一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110438477A CN110438477A (zh) 2019-11-12
CN110438477B true CN110438477B (zh) 2022-10-28

Family

ID=68439049

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201910830606.0A Active CN110438477B (zh) 2019-09-03 2019-09-03 一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN110438477B (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114716265B (zh) * 2022-03-22 2022-12-06 中国矿业大学(北京) 一种导电陶瓷膜及其制备方法和应用

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007299606A (ja) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-15 Fujifilm Corp 分散型エレクトロルミネッセンス
CN102201274A (zh) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-28 三菱综合材料株式会社 导电膜形成用组成物、太阳能电池用复合膜及其形成方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009077123A2 (de) * 2007-12-19 2009-06-25 Merck Patent Gmbh Farbstarke und/oder optisch variable pigmente mit elektrisch leitfähigem kern
CN101219860A (zh) * 2007-12-25 2008-07-16 天津大学 草酸亚锡中性络合法制备纳米二氧化锡基导电薄膜的方法
CN101580270B (zh) * 2009-06-26 2011-07-20 上海大学 纳米掺杂氧化锡溶胶的制备方法
CN103137717A (zh) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-05 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 铜掺杂氧化锡透明导电薄膜及其制备方法
CN102690065A (zh) * 2012-06-08 2012-09-26 江苏双山集团股份有限公司 一种新型的导电玻璃纤维材料及其制造方法
MX2013008043A (es) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-12 Ct De Investigacion Y Desarrollo Tecnologico En Electroquimica S C Soporte electroquimico de gran superficie basado en dioxido de estaño dopado con antimonio y su metodo de fabricacion.
CN104451612A (zh) * 2014-12-31 2015-03-25 长春迪高实业有限公司 透明导电氧化物膜及其制备方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007299606A (ja) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-15 Fujifilm Corp 分散型エレクトロルミネッセンス
CN102201274A (zh) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-28 三菱综合材料株式会社 导电膜形成用组成物、太阳能电池用复合膜及其形成方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110438477A (zh) 2019-11-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101560059B (zh) 掺铝氧化锌涂膜和纳米棒阵列材料及其制备方法
WO2018028244A1 (zh) 一种透明导电薄膜及其制备方法和应用
CN102544216A (zh) 在玻璃基板上制备BiFeO3铁电薄膜光伏电池的方法
CN110438477B (zh) 一种掺杂二氧化锡透明导电复合薄膜及其制备方法
CN102557476B (zh) 一种溶胶凝胶法制备镓掺杂氧化锌薄膜的方法
CN108091414B (zh) 一种银纳米线复合透明导电薄膜及其制备
KR20110047308A (ko) 산화인듐주석 스퍼터링 타겟 및 이를 이용하여 제조되는 투명전도막
CN106435533A (zh) 一种制备高性能azo透明导电薄膜的方法
US20130248780A1 (en) Electrically conductive film, preparation method and application therefor
CN113005412A (zh) 用于硅异质结电池的ito薄膜的制备方法
CN104616719A (zh) 一种低铟透明电极及其制备方法
CN102181826B (zh) 镓钼共掺杂铟锡氧化物陶瓷靶、透明导电薄膜及制备方法
CN101159178A (zh) 透明导电薄膜及其制备方法
Krishnakumar et al. Preparation of cadmium stannate films by spray pyrolysis technique
EP2690192B1 (en) Multi-elements-doped zinc oxide film, manufacturing method and application thereof
CN105908127B (zh) 一种p型掺杂二氧化锡透明导电膜及其制备方法
CN103343335B (zh) 掺硼氧化锌薄膜的制备方法
KR20100006991A (ko) 나노로드 층을 구비한 fto 투명 전도막
US8337943B2 (en) Nano-whisker growth and films
CN102650044B (zh) 一种SGZO-Au-SGZO透明导电膜的制备方法
JP2002075062A (ja) 透明導電膜
CN103183480A (zh) Azo镀膜玻璃的制备方法
CN106637204A (zh) Ag/ZnO/Mg光电透明导电薄膜的沉积方法
KR101337967B1 (ko) 굽힘 가공성을 가지는 저저항 고투과율 fto 투명전도막 제조 방법
KR20140120663A (ko) 산화알루미늄아연 박막의 제조 방법

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
CB03 Change of inventor or designer information

Inventor after: Liu Juncheng

Inventor after: Sun Mingyue

Inventor after: Wang Yong

Inventor after: Gao Yanan

Inventor before: Sun Mingyue

Inventor before: Wang Yong

Inventor before: Gao Yanan

Inventor before: Liu Juncheng

CB03 Change of inventor or designer information
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant