CN110436912B - 一种高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体及其制备方法和制成品 - Google Patents

一种高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体及其制备方法和制成品 Download PDF

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CN110436912B
CN110436912B CN201910840201.5A CN201910840201A CN110436912B CN 110436912 B CN110436912 B CN 110436912B CN 201910840201 A CN201910840201 A CN 201910840201A CN 110436912 B CN110436912 B CN 110436912B
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ferrite
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李想
景峰
吕海波
随辰
刘怀民
高喜英
黄勇
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Beijing Seven Star Flight Electronic Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及铁氧体材料技术领域,尤其是涉及一种高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体及其制备方法和制成品。所述制备方法包括如下步骤:将预压成型的铁氧体坯件进行烧结;烧结的方法包括:在负压的环境下升温并于1350℃‑1420℃条件下保温3.5h‑7.5h,然后降温;在保温阶段后期30min‑5min调节气氛使烧结体系中的氧含量为1.0%‑6.0%;在降温至1250℃‑1080℃时,调节烧结体系中的氧含量为0‑1.0%;烧结体系的气氛调节结束后再次将烧结体系抽至负压,使体系的绝对压力值为50kPa‑70kPa。本发明的铁氧体的制备方法,通过采用特定的烧结工艺,兼顾提高材料的磁导率、居里温度以及饱和磁通密度等。

Description

一种高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体及其制备方法和制成品
技术领域
本发明涉及铁氧体材料技术领域,尤其是涉及一种高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体及其制备方法和制成品。
背景技术
软磁铁氧体锰锌高磁导率材料是应用非常广泛的一种功能性材料。软磁铁氧体锰锌高磁导率材料由于起始磁导率高,所以可以减少线圈匝数、减小器件体积。主要用于信号的转换与传输、抗电磁干扰、宽频带变压器、脉冲变压器、局域网隔离变压器、共模滤波器以及通讯系统和数字网络等领域,产品覆盖了航天、航空、船舶、电子信息、交通、民用等众多方向。为了满足特殊产品的精密、紧凑、可靠、小型化、功能强、环境适应性强等方面的需求,用户除了要求有足够高的磁导率外,还要求材料具有高饱和磁通密度、高居里温度、高应力稳定性、低剩磁、低温度系数、低比损耗等。
有鉴于此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的在于提供一种高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,以解决现有技术中存在无法兼顾磁导率、高饱和磁通密度以及高居里温度技术问题。
本发明的第二目的在于提供一种高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体,其具有高磁导率、高居里温度和高饱和磁通密度。
本发明的第三目的在于提供一种制成品,其包括上述高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体。
为了实现本发明的上述目的,特采用以下技术方案:
一种高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将预压成型的铁氧体坯件进行烧结;
所述烧结的方法包括:
在负压的环境下升温并于1350℃-1420℃条件下保温3.5h-7.5h,然后降温;
在保温阶段后期30min-5min调节气氛使烧结体系中的氧含量为1.0%-6.0%;
在降温至1250℃-1080℃时,调节烧结体系中的氧含量为0-1.0%;烧结体系的气氛调节结束后再次将烧结体系抽至负压,使体系的绝对压力值为50kPa-70kPa。
优选的,在保温阶段后期30min-20min,调节烧结体系中的氧含量为3%-5%;在保温阶段的末尾10min-5min,调节烧结体系中氧含量为0.5%-2%。
铁氧体烧结过程依次分为升温、保温、降温三个阶段。以保温阶段后期30min-20min为例说明,是指保温阶段最后的30min-20min内,同时也是降温阶段开始前的30min-20min。
优选的,在降温至1250℃时,调节烧结体系中的氧含量为0.3%-0.8%,在降温至1180℃时,调节烧结体系中的氧含量为0.05%-0.2%,在降温至1080℃时,调节烧结体系中的氧含量<0.1%;然后将烧结体系抽至负压,使体系的绝对压力值为50kPa-70kPa,并用氮气环境保护铁氧体至冷却。
烧结温度的高低和保温时间的长短是影响晶粒尺寸、大小和均匀程度的主要因素,也直接影响磁心的磁导率。过高的烧结温度,将导致ZnO过度挥发,使晶粒异常生长,产生过量的气孔,材料的基本配方点移动,磁心的Q值降低,比损耗增大,磁导率降低;而烧结温度过低,则固相反应不完全,致密化程度低,从而使磁心的磁导率降低。烧结气氛可以显著地影响铁氧体的微观结构、晶界组成和离子价态,从而影响磁心的电磁性能。当降温环境缺氧时,磁心的损耗值最低点向低温方向移动;当降温环境富氧时,部分Mn3O4过氧化为Mn2O3和MnO2,非磁性Mn2O3致使磁导率下降。只有在适宜的烧结温度、平衡氧分压下烧结才利于生产晶粒尺寸适度、分布均匀的性能优良的高磁导率软磁铁氧体。
本发明根据配方组成采用合适的烧结温度、烧结方式,通过在负压环境下烧结,保温阶段后期进行氧含量调节,为烧结磁心在降温时提供良好的氧分压环境。同时在降温段后期,烧结体系如真空炉在负压的状态下,氧含量保持在ppm级或趋近于零,降温磁心用氮气环境保护至冷却可有效防止铁氧体再次被氧化,又可减缓磁心的冷却速度,避免造成较大的内应力,从而改善磁心的性能。
降温段冷却至1050℃附近时氧化速度最快,烧结体系如真空炉内的负压环境可有效地防止锰的氧化。
可选的,升温包括:在150℃-500℃范围内,采用0.4℃/min-3.5℃/min的升温速率;在900℃-1300℃范围内,采用0.5℃/min-3.4℃/min的升温速率;然后采用0.5℃/min-2.7℃/min的升温速率,升至1350℃-1420℃。
其中,在900℃-1300℃范围内,坯件收缩速率加大,升温阶段控制在0.5℃/min-3.4℃/min以保证坯件各处均匀致密化。
本发明的烧结过程中,升温阶段和保温阶段的前期对气氛要求不大,采用负压烧结时可以不调节气氛。
在本发明一优选实施方式中,在升温前,将烧结体系抽至负压,使体系的绝对压力值为60kPa-70kPa。可通过多次抽真空充氮气的操作,使烧结体系内为低氧负压的环境。具体的,先将烧结体系抽至80kPa-90kPa后,充氮气,重复该操作1至2次以确保烧结体系内为低氧环境,最后一次充氮气,使烧结体系内的绝对压力值为60kPa-70kPa后,进行升温烧结。
在实际操作中,避免将烧结体系如真空炉内的气体一次抽出,可以分几步来完成,避免加热的炉膛内真空度过高使空气电离,造成硅碳棒间打火烧坏。
经试验证实负压烧结有利于平衡炉膛内氧分压,很大程度上减少阳离子正穴的产生,起到降低磁心减落的作用,有利于磁心的时间稳定性。同时在低氧的气氛中烧结,磁心更容易生成较高的烧结密度。
优选的,降温过程中,进行给温调节使降温速率为2.0℃/min-3.8℃/min。
优选的,降温至950℃-900℃时,停止给温调节,在负压条件下进行自然降温。
当温度低于1000℃后,离子扩散速度变慢,吸氧速度也会随之变慢。降温曲线降到950℃-900℃附近可以停止给温调节,随着温度自然下降至烧结工艺结束,在烧结体系负压的状态下,氧含量需保持在ppm级或趋近于零,降温磁心用氮气环境保护至冷却可有效防止铁氧体再次被氧化,又可减缓磁心的冷却速度,避免造成较大的内应力,从而对磁心的性能有利。
优选的,采用真空炉对成型后的铁氧体进行烧结。
真空炉的指示设备包括真空表和压力表,真空表用于显示负压条件下的压力,压力表用于显示正压条件下的压力,如压力表示数为0.02MPa时,表示真空炉内气体压力为在大气压基础上加上0.02MPa。
在本发明一些具体实施方式中,当采用真空炉对成型后的铁氧体进行烧结时,在保温阶段后期、降温设置前30min-20min时,向体系中充入氮气使真空表示数为零,并使压力表示数为0.02MPa-0.04MPa,读取氧含量;在保温阶段的后期10min-5min,通过抽气、充氮气调节真空炉内氧含量为0.5%-2%;在降温至1250℃时,通过抽气、充氮气调节真空炉内氧含量为0.3%-0.8%;在降温至1180℃时,通过抽气、充氮气调节真空炉内氧含量为0.05%-0.2%;在降温至1080℃时,通过抽气、充氮气调节真空炉内氧含量<0.1%。
通过采用以上负压烧结以及气氛控制,得到的磁心电磁性能高,机械性能更好。
在本发明一些具体实施方式中,所述铁氧体粉料为R15K粉料。具体的,其中的主要成分包括三氧化二铁、氧化锰和氧化锌。优选的,按照摩尔百分比计,三氧化二铁、氧化锰和氧化锌的用量分别为51mol%-54mol%、23mol%-27mol%、20mol%-24mol%。
软磁铁氧体金属离子占位和可代替的特点,为掺杂优化提供了可能。在主要成分的配方确定后,开始进行加掺杂试验。适量的添加剂可以促进晶粒均匀致密生长,降低气孔率,提高起始磁导率和饱和磁通密度,降低剩余磁感应强度和损耗。但是过量的添加剂则会导致晶粒异常长大,晶粒不均匀,烧结密度降低,饱和磁通密度下降。
通过大量的掺杂试验、重复试验、性能重复测试,以确保材料各项性能指标的实现,最优的杂质种类及含量配方包括CaCO3 0.02wt%-0.06wt%、TiO2 0.01wt%-0.05wt%、Co2O3 0.008wt%-0.04wt%、Bi2O3 0.005wt%-0.03wt%、Al2O3 0.005wt%-0.03wt%、MoO30.005wt%-0.03wt%、V2O5 0.005wt%-0.02wt%以及SiO2 0.005wt%-0.02wt%,用量按照占所述铁氧体粉料的重量百分比计。
优选的,所述预压成型的方法包括:将所述铁氧体粉料分批次装入模具,每次装入粉料后均进行一次预压;经至少两次预压后成型。
可选的,所述预压的次数为两次、三次或四次,优选为两次。在最后一次预压的同时成型。
可选的,第一次预压的松装比为(2.0-2.5)﹕1。在成型后整体松装比为(2.4-2.5)﹕1。
其中松装比是指,铁氧体粉料在模具中的松装高度与预压后成型的坯件高度的比例。成型后是指从最初铁氧体粉料经过至少两次预压得到最后成型的坯件的过程,整体松装比是指所有预压松装高度与最后成型的坯件高度的比例。
例如,在实际操作中,一次预压的松装比为2.1﹕1,二次预压及后续多次预压是在保证预设高度不变的情况下,多次装入铁氧体粉料,从而进一步提高坯件的密度。
优选的,预压成型后得到的坯件密度为2.9g/cm3-3.5g/cm3。更优选的,预压成型后得到的坯件密度为3.2g/cm3-3.4g/cm3
采用传统的工艺,当成型密度大于3.1g/cm3时,坯件过压容易产生横向裂纹,烧后磁心易开裂;而当成型密度过小时,坯件强度低,码放烧结时易打边掉块或烧后磁心电磁性能低,传统的成型工艺无法兼顾坯件质量和磁心电磁性能。
本发明通过采用上述压制方法,能够有效避免压制空间饱和导致生坯密度无法再增加,同时避免了坯件粉料颗粒间的分层结构及机械强度差等缺陷。针对本发明中的铁氧体粉料,在上述压制条件下,能够兼顾磁心电磁性能以及坯件颗粒结构均匀性,避免过度压制造成的开裂以及不足压制导致的坯件机械强度差、磁心电磁性能低等问题。
多次压制时,最后一次压强最大,目的是使多次预压的坯件密实成一体达到规定形状和尺寸。多次预压时的前几次压制压强最好一致,或者一次稍强于一次,最后一次压强最大,能够保证每层坯件咬合在一体时的密度均匀。
通过上述预压成型方式,坯件在密度和一致性方面有很大的改善,粉料颗粒机械咬合缝隙小,晶粒间隙纹理小,烧后磁心的外观在显微镜下的不连续纹路少,有效地弱化了磁心自身应力和外加应力造成的电磁性能恶化的现象。
本发明还提供了一种采用上述制备方法制备得到的高可靠性铁氧体。
本发明的铁氧体,密度均匀,稳定性高,具有极好的抗饱和和抗直流叠加能力,尤其在高温情况下,可以保证磁心仍然具有必需的电感量。兼顾了高磁导率、高居里温度和高饱和磁通密度等。
在本发明一些具体实施方式中,所述高可靠性铁氧体的起始磁导率μi=15000×(1±20%);比损耗系数tanδ/μi≤8×10-6;饱和磁通密度Bs≥410mT;居里温度Tc≥140℃。
该铁氧体磁心应力和温度稳定性高,高温环境可靠性高,工作中不容易被大电流或直流叠加偏磁场所饱和而导致电感跌落。
本发明还提供了一种制成品,包括上述的高可靠性铁氧体。
可选的,所述制成品包括共模滤波器、抗电磁干扰噪音滤波器、电子线路宽频带变压器、脉冲变压器、局域网隔离变压器、频率≤0.1MHz的各种脉冲变压器、音频变压器及小功率电源变压器等。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明的铁氧体的制备方法,通过采用特定的烧结工艺,兼顾提高材料的磁导率、居里温度以及饱和磁通密度等;
(2)本发明通过铁氧体制粉配方、成型、烧结工艺的协同调整,使得制备得到的铁氧体磁心起始磁导率μi=15000×(1±20%);比损耗系数tanδ/μi≤8×10-6;饱和磁通密度Bs≥410mT;居里温度Tc≥140℃;
(3)本发明的铁氧体在高温环境可靠性高,工作中不容易被大电流或直流叠加偏磁场所饱和而导致电感跌落。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例的铁氧体磁心的样环外形结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例的铁氧体磁心的实物图;
图3为本发明实施例1制备得到的磁心μi-T变化曲线;
图4为本发明实施例1制备得到的铁氧体磁心的表面形貌图;
图5为本发明实施例2制备得到的铁氧体磁心的表面形貌图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
本发明具体实施例中采用63t油压机进行预压。铁氧体主要的工艺流程包括:制粉、成型、烧结。
其中,R15K原材料的配方为:按照摩尔百分比计,三氧化二铁、氧化锰和氧化锌的用量分别为51mol%-54mol%、23mol%-27mol%、20mol%-24mol%;按照占所述铁氧体粉料的重量百分比计,杂质种类为CaCO3 0.02wt%-0.06wt%、TiO2 0.01wt%-0.05wt%、Co2O3 0.008wt%-0.04wt%、Bi2O3 0.005wt%-0.03wt%、Al2O3 0.005wt%-0.03wt%、MoO30.005wt%-0.03wt%、V2O5 0.005wt%-0.02wt%以及SiO2 0.005wt%-0.02wt%。
各实施例采用的R15K原材料的配方在上述范围内保持一致。
烧结过程采用小型真空炉进行烧结。
实施例1
本实施例的高可靠性铁氧体的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)采用上述配比的原材料进行成型压制。模具的尺寸为Φ9×Φ5×3,样环外形结构示意图和实物图如图1和图2所示,调整模件高度,在一模两件的模具中平铺1/2~2/3高度的粉料,一次预压成型后,将粉料填满凹模进行最终成型。
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的坯件进行真空炉负压烧结,烧结条件为1385℃,保温4.4h,得到铁氧体磁心;
具体的,将坯件置于真空炉中,开炉后将真空炉抽至真空,通过真空表读取炉膛内的绝对压力值,先抽至80kPa-90kPa后充氮气,重复该操作二次以确保炉膛内为低氧环境,最后一次充氮气,使真空表的绝对压力值为60kPa-70kPa后开始升温烧结;
升至1385℃进行保温,保温4.4h;
在保温阶段后期、降温设置前20min,进行向真空炉中充入氮气使真空表示数归零,继续充入氮气使炉内气体呈正压,压力表指针为0.02MPa,通过氧分析仪记录炉膛内氧含量。
在保温阶段后期、降温设置前5min,调节炉内氧含量至1.31%;
降温至1250℃时,抽气后再向炉内充入氮气至正压表为0.02MPa,调节炉内氧含量至0.47%;在1180℃时,抽气后再向炉内充入氮气至正压表为0.02MPa,调节炉内氧含量至0.12%;在1080℃时,抽气后再向炉内充入氮气至正压表为0.04MPa,调节炉内氧含量至101ppm;结束气氛调节。
待温度降低至950℃时,停止给温调节,随着温度自然下降至烧结工艺结束。
其中,具体的烧结曲线如表1所示。
表1烧结曲线具体数据
Figure BDA0002193442690000091
Figure BDA0002193442690000101
采用相同的原料制粉以及相同的成型方式,烧结得到5个铁氧体磁心样环。
对实施例1的工艺制备得到的铁氧体磁心样环的性能进行测试,使用测试设备:Agilent 4263B、卡尺、HT-200高温试验箱;测试条件:10kHz、100mV、(25±3)℃、Φ0.29mm×20匝。测试结果如下表2所示:
表2铁氧体磁心样环的性能测试结果
序号 起始磁导率μ<sub>i</sub> 比损耗tanδ/μ<sub>i</sub>(×10<sup>-6</sup>)
1 13934 8.0
2 14916 7.2
3 14707 7.3
4 15898 6.5
5 15689 6.6
图2为本实施例得到的磁心样环的实物图,从图中可知,采用本发明的烧结方式得到的磁心外观又黑又亮。
实施例2
本实施例参考实施例1的方法,区别仅在于:在成型时,调整模件高度,在一模两件的模具中平铺全部粉料,一次预压即成型。
比较例1
对比国内各生产厂家常用的烧结窑炉:智能钟罩式可控气氛电阻炉,进行烧结。参考实施例1的相同材料,相同成型工艺,相同规格试验样环,不同烧结设备,相近烧结曲线,不同烧结气氛压力,曲线如下表3所示:
表3烧结曲线具体数据(其中炉膛压力单位为Pa)
Figure BDA0002193442690000111
采用相同的原料制粉以及相同的成型方式,烧结得到5个铁氧体磁心样环。使用测试设备:Agilent 4263B;测试条件:10kHz、100mV、(25±3)℃、Φ0.29mm×20匝。烧后试验样环性能如下表4所示:
表4铁氧体磁心样环的性能测试结果
Figure BDA0002193442690000112
Figure BDA0002193442690000121
比较例2
对比真空炉不同烧结工艺下的磁心性能,采用传统烧结工艺:气氛调节前密封炉门抽气。烧结曲线如下表5如下:
表5烧结曲线具体数据
Figure BDA0002193442690000122
采用相同的原料制粉以及相同的成型方式,烧结得到5个铁氧体磁心样环。使用测试设备:Agilent 4263B;测试条件:10kHz、100mV、(25±3)℃、Φ0.29mm×20匝。烧后试验样环性能如下表6所示:
表6铁氧体磁心样环的性能测试结果
Figure BDA0002193442690000123
Figure BDA0002193442690000131
由上表可知,真空炉负压烧结较真空炉常规烧结(即传统生产的烧结方式,与智能钟罩式可控气氛电阻炉的烧结工艺基本相同:升温段大气压或微负压下烧结,约合3%的重量变成气体抽走;保温段是正压烧结;降温段调节气氛,正压烧结。)的磁心起始磁导率高,外观颜色黑亮,机械强度大。
从实施例1、比较例1和2可知,采用负压烧结的磁心外观黑亮、密实,机械强度大,起始磁导率高,负压烧结磁心性能达到15k。
同时,采用真空炉负压烧结相较于传统的钟罩炉烧结省时省能源,可以得到更高更好的磁心性能。
实验例1
为了说明本发明各实施例的制备方法得到的铁氧体的性能,对将本发明实施例1制备得到的铁氧体材料的性能进行测试,测试方法如下,测试结果见表7-8。
饱和磁通密度Bs(mT):条件为f≤1kHz、Hm=1.2kA/m,(25±3)℃、130℃;N1:Φ0.29mm×30匝,N2:Φ0.51mm×5匝;
剩磁Br(mT):条件为f≤1kHz、Hm=1.2kA/m,(25±3)℃;N1:Φ0.29mm×30匝,N2:Φ0.51mm×5匝;
矫顽力Hc(A/m):条件为f≤1kHz、Hm=1.2kA/m,(25±3)℃;N1:Φ0.29mm×30匝,N2:Φ0.51mm×5匝。
居里温度Tc(℃):条件为10kHz、100mV、Φ0.29mm×20匝。
温度特性:条件为10kHz、100mV、20匝;每个温度点保温15分钟。
测试采用的设备包括:Agilent E4980A LCR测试仪,SY-8232磁滞回线测试仪,IE-1125功率放大器,ST-120B2小型高温箱,PHH-101高温试验箱,MC-711小型超低温调温试验箱。
表7高磁导率R15K材料样环测试数据I
Figure BDA0002193442690000141
表8高磁导率R15K材料样环测试数据II
Figure BDA0002193442690000142
Figure BDA0002193442690000151
实施例1中的材料特性曲线如图3所示。从上述结果可知,本发明得到的R15K软磁铁氧体磁心具有极好的抗饱和和抗直流叠加能力,尤其在高温情况下,可以保证磁心仍然拥有必需的电感量。
实施例1和实施例2得到的铁氧体磁心的表面形貌图分别如图4和5所示(二者放大倍率相同),从图中可知,如采用多次预压成型的方式,烧结后磁心的外观在显微镜下不连续纹路少,进一步弱化了磁心自身应力和外加应力造成的电磁性能恶化的现象。
实验例2
将本发明实施例1制得的15K材料与国内外现有相近材料性能进行对比,对比结果如表9-10所示。
表9 R15K磁心性能参数对比I
Figure BDA0002193442690000152
Figure BDA0002193442690000161
表10 R15K磁心性能参数对比II
Figure BDA0002193442690000162
Figure BDA0002193442690000171
发明的铁氧体的制备方法,在制粉配方基础上通过采用特定的烧结工艺,兼顾提高材料的磁导率、居里温度以及饱和磁通密度等,满足精密、紧凑、可靠、小型化、功能强、环境适应性强等方面的需求。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (14)

1.一种高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
将预压成型的铁氧体坯件进行烧结;
所述烧结的方法包括:
在负压的环境下升温并于1350℃-1420℃条件下保温3.5h-7.5h,然后降温;
在保温阶段后期30min-20min,调节烧结体系中的氧含量为3%-5%;在保温阶段的末尾10min-5min,调节烧结体系中氧含量为0.5%-2%;
在降温至1250℃-1080℃时,调节烧结体系中的氧含量为0-1.0%;烧结体系的气氛调节结束后再次将烧结体系抽至负压,使体系的绝对压力值为50kPa-70kPa,并用氮气环境保护铁氧体至冷却;
在升温前,将所述烧结体系抽至负压,使体系的绝对压力值为60kPa-70kPa;
所述铁氧体粉料为R15K粉料;按照摩尔百分比计,所述铁氧体粉料中三氧化二铁、氧化锰和氧化锌的用量分别为51mol%-54mol%、23mol%-27mol%、20mol%-24mol%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,在降温至1250℃时,调节烧结体系中的氧含量为0.3%-0.8%;在降温至1180℃时,调节烧结体系中的氧含量为0.05%-0.2%;在降温至1080℃时,调节烧结体系中的氧含量<0.1%;然后将烧结体系抽至负压,使体系的绝对压力值为50kPa-70kPa,并用氮气环境保护铁氧体至冷却。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,采用真空炉对成型后的铁氧体进行烧结。
4.根据权利要求3所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,当采用真空炉对成型后的铁氧体进行负压烧结时,在保温阶段后期30min-20min时,向体系中充入氮气使真空表示数为零,并使压力表示数为0.02MPa-0.04MPa,测试氧含量;在保温阶段的后期10min-5min,通过抽气、充氮气调节真空炉内氧含量为0.5%-2%。
5.根据权利要求3所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,在降温阶段,通过抽气、充氮气调节真空炉内氧含量至要求范围内。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述铁氧体粉料中包括杂质,按照占所述铁氧体粉料的重量百分比计包括CaCO3 0.02wt%-0.06wt%、TiO2 0.01wt%-0.05wt%、Co2O30.008wt%-0.04wt%、Bi2O3 0.005wt%-0.03wt%、Al2O3 0.005wt%-0.03wt%、MoO3 0.005wt%-0.03wt%、V2O5 0.005wt%-0.02wt%以及SiO20.005wt%-0.02wt%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,在负压的环境下,所述升温包括:在150℃-500℃范围内,采用0.4℃/min-3.5℃/min的升温速率;在900℃-1300℃范围内,采用0.5℃/min-3.4℃/min的升温速率;然后采用0.5℃/min-2.7℃/min的升温速率,升至1350℃-1420℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述降温过程中,进行给温调节使降温速率为2.0℃/min-3.8℃/min。
9.根据权利要求8所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,降温至950℃-900℃时,停止给温调节,在负压条件下进行自然降温。
10.根据权利要求1所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述预压成型的方法包括:将所述铁氧体粉料分批次装入模具,每次装入粉料后均进行一次预压;经至少两次预压后成型。
11.采用权利要求1-10任一项所述的高可靠性高磁导率锰锌铁氧体的制备方法制备得到的铁氧体。
12.根据权利要求11所述的铁氧体,其特征在于,所述高可靠性铁氧体的起始磁导率μi=15000×(1±20%);
所述高可靠性铁氧体的饱和磁通密度Bs≥410mT;
所述高可靠性铁氧体的居里温度Tc≥140℃。
13.一种制成品,其特征在于,包括权利要求11或12所述的铁氧体。
14.根据权利要求13所述的制成品,其特征在于,所述制成品包括共模滤波器、抗电磁干扰噪音滤波器、电子线路宽频带变压器、脉冲变压器、局域网隔离变压器、频率≤0.1MHz的脉冲变压器、音频变压器和小功率电源变压器中的任一种。
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