CN110401397A - 逆变器控制装置 - Google Patents

逆变器控制装置 Download PDF

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CN110401397A
CN110401397A CN201910337381.5A CN201910337381A CN110401397A CN 110401397 A CN110401397 A CN 110401397A CN 201910337381 A CN201910337381 A CN 201910337381A CN 110401397 A CN110401397 A CN 110401397A
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control device
power module
inverter
capacitor
shell
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CN110401397B (zh
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岩上直记
黑柳均志
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Nidec Elesys Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • H02P27/085—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
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    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/0017—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus with operator interface units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/02—Details
    • H05K5/0247—Electrical details of casings, e.g. terminals, passages for cables or wiring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/04—Metal casings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/61—Arrangements of controllers for electric machines, e.g. inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供逆变器控制装置，其是马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其具有对马达供给驱动电流的功率模块单元。该逆变器控制装置具有：对所述功率模块单元输出驱动信号的功率模块基板；对所述功率模块基板输出控制信号的控制基板；以及平滑用的电容器。其特征在于，以所述功率模块单元为最下层依次将所述功率模块基板、所述电容器以及所述控制基板层叠而收纳于由金属材料构成的一个壳体内。在所述壳体的一个侧面配置有电源电流的输入端子，在与该一个侧面垂直的另一个侧面配置有所述马达的驱动电流的输出端子。与所述功率模块单元连接的汇流条和所述输出端子被配置成在同一平面内直接相连。

Description

逆变器控制装置
技术领域
本公开涉及作为车载用的电力转换装置的逆变器控制装置的构造。
背景技术
作为近年来的环境对应车辆，开始普及以电动马达作为驱动源的电动汽车、混合动力汽车等。在这些电动汽车等中搭载有逆变器装置(电力转换装置)，该逆变器装置(电力转换装置)将来自电池的直流电力转换成供给至驱动马达的交流电力，对马达转速、驱动扭矩等进行控制而进行车辆的加减速。
这样的逆变器装置不仅要求高性能、高可靠性，而且要求重视车辆搭载性的小型化。特别是在车载用的逆变器装置的情况下，由于所搭载的车内空间的制约等原因，强烈要求比以往小型化。
例如在日本特许6104347号公报中公开了一种电力转换装置，其具有：进行电力转换的功率型主电路部；对功率型主电路部的动作进行控制的控制电路部；抑制噪声向外部流出的输入/输出滤波器电路部；以及控制电路部等。
另外，在日本公开公报特开2014-68428号公报的电力转换装置(逆变器装置)中，将逆变器、电容器、电抗器等设置于基台上而将电力转换装置汇集成一个构造体，从而实现小型化。
在日本特许6104347号公报所记载的电力转换装置中，功率型主电路部、控制电路部等按照平面的方式配置，从而电力转换装置的小型化与结构部件的小型化相关。另外，在日本公开公报特开2014-68428号公报所记载的电力转换装置中，也使将直流电压平滑化的电容器、电抗器等小型化并将它们按照平面的方式配置。
因此，日本特许6104347号公报、日本公开公报特开2014-68428号公报所记载的逆变器装置存在如下的问题：为了搭载于车辆而需要确保车辆内的较宽的面积，并且难以实现逆变器装置整体的小型化。
发明内容
本公开是鉴于上述课题而完成的，其目的在于使逆变器装置整体小型化、低高度化。
作为实现上述目的、解决上述课题的一个手段，具有以下的结构。即，本申请例示的第1公开是马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，该逆变器控制装置具有：功率模块单元，其对马达供给驱动电流；功率模块基板，其对所述功率模块单元输出驱动信号；控制基板，其对所述功率模块基板输出控制信号；以及平滑用的电容器，以所述功率模块单元为最下层依次将所述功率模块基板、所述电容器以及所述控制基板层叠而收纳于由金属材料构成的一个壳体内，在所述壳体的一个侧面配置有电源电流的输入端子，在与该一个侧面垂直的另一个侧面配置有所述马达的驱动电流的输出端子，并且与所述功率模块单元连接的汇流条和所述输出端子被配置成在同一平面内直接相连。
根据本公开，不仅能够实现作为逆变器控制装置整体的小型化、低高度化，而且能够防止产生功率部中的电流路径长较短所导致的辐射噪声。
由以下的本发明优选实施方式的详细说明，参照附图，可以更清楚地理解本发明的上述及其他特征、要素、步骤、特点和优点。
附图说明
图1是搭载有本公开的实施方式的逆变器控制装置的车辆的概略结构。
图2是将驱动马达和齿轮组合而一体化的逆变器控制装置的外观图。
图3是将图2的逆变器控制装置沿着A-A′线在纵方向上切断的剖视图。
图4是示出功率部中的电流的输入侧至输出侧的电流路径的图。
图5是逆变器控制装置的电容器的外观详细图。
图6是逆变器控制装置的输出端子及其附近的详细图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对本公开的实施方式进行详细说明。图1是搭载有本公开的实施方式的逆变器控制装置的车辆的概略结构。在图1中，电动马达15例如是三相交流马达，是车辆的驱动力源。电动马达15的旋转轴与减速机6和差动齿轮7连结，电动马达15的驱动力(扭矩)经由这些减速机6、差动齿轮7、驱动轴(drive shaft)8而传递至一对车轮5a、5b。
逆变器控制装置10的逆变器部20具有：对电动马达15供给驱动电力的功率模块单元13；对功率模块单元13输出驱动信号的功率模块控制部12；对功率模块控制部12输出控制信号的逆变器控制部11；以及平滑用的电容器14。逆变器部20被来自管理车辆整体的控制的控制装置3的控制信号控制。
功率模块单元13具有桥电路(电力转换电路)，该桥电路(电力转换电路)是按照每个U相、V相、W相连接两个(上臂的功率开关元件和下臂的功率开关元件)IGBT(InsulatedGate Bipolar Transistor：绝缘栅双极晶体管)、MOSFET(Metal Oxide SemiconductorField Effect Transistor：金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)等功率开关元件、共计6个功率开关元件而成的。
功率模块单元13根据来自功率模块控制部12的驱动信号(PWM控制信号)切换功率开关元件的接通/断开，从而将来自电池BT的直流电力转换成交流电力(三相交流电力)，由此对电动马达15进行驱动。
电池(BT)是作为车辆的动力源的电能的供给源，例如由多个二次电池构成。在逆变器部20中，在与电池(BT)的连接部配置有电容器14。电容器14连接在高电位线(正极电位B+)与低电位线(负极电位B-(GND))之间，是将来自电池BT的输出电压平滑化的大容量的平滑电容器(膜电容器)。
接着，对本实施方式的逆变器控制装置的构造进行说明。图2是逆变器控制装置10的外观图，示出将逆变器控制装置10、电动马达15以及齿轮7组合而一体化的状态。逆变器控制装置10的壳体31例如是对压铸铝进行成型而成的。逆变器控制装置10由作为来自外部电池(图1的电池(BT))的高压电流的输出部的高压部10a以及对驱动马达供给驱动电流的功率部10b构成。
高压部10a和功率部10b在壳体31的内部隔着间隔壁18而分离。高压部10a和功率部10b各自的上表面部例如被罩39a、39b覆盖，该罩39a、39b是由铝等金属构成的平板状的部件。
图3是将图2所示的逆变器控制装置10沿着A-A′线在纵方向上切断的剖视图，示出逆变器控制装置10的功率部10b内部的功率模块单元13等的层叠状态。更具体而言，在以利用螺钉等固定于功率部10b的壳体底面的功率模块单元13为最下层而依次层叠功率模块控制部(也称为功率模块基板)12、电容器14、逆变器控制部(也称为控制基板)11的状态下将它们收纳于功率部10b的内部。
在逆变器控制装置10中，功率模块单元13、功率模块控制部12、电容器14以及逆变器控制部11的层叠后的法线方向的高度(z方向的高度)H1小于壳体31的z方向的深度H2(H1＜H2)。
即，通过采用能够将所有的结构部件收纳于逆变器控制装置10的壳体31的容积内的结构，作为覆盖壳体31的罩部件，可以不使用箱型部件，而使用像罩39a、39b那样由铝等金属构成的平板状的部件。其结果是，能够实现逆变器控制装置10的低高度化、小型化。
另外，在逆变器控制装置10中，如图4所示，从作为外部电池的连接用连接器的外部电源输入端子34输入的高压电流经由贯通间隔壁18而到达功率部10b的汇流条47而被高压部10a的连接器(输入端子35)接收。来自功率模块单元13的马达驱动用电力从设置于功率部10b的连接器(输出端子37)供给至驱动马达。
因此，在逆变器控制装置10中，从配置于高压部10a的正面部(正面壁部)19a的外部电源输入端子34向配置于功率部10b的间隔壁18侧的输入端子35供给电源，经由功率模块单元13等而从设置于功率部10b的正面部19b的输出端子37向马达输送驱动电流。
高压部10a与功率部10b之间的间隔壁18与正面部19b垂直，因此当俯视功率部10b时，在功率部10b中，电流的输入侧至输出侧的电流路径成为在图4中虚线箭头所示的L字状。这样的L字状的电流路径与将电源的输入侧和输出侧配置于同一侧面而使电流路径为U字状的情况相比，电流路径变短，能够使逆变器控制装置进一步小型化。
另外，在逆变器控制装置10中，如图6所示，高压部10a的汇流条47和功率部10b的输出端子37配置成在壳体31的高度方向(z方向)上设置有高度差H3。即，将高压部10a设置于比输出端子37高的位置，从而在高压部10a的壳体的下侧形成空间，因此能够在该空间中例如收纳齿轮等。
另外，如图4所示，在壳体31的正面侧(功率部10b的正面部19b)，在配置有输出端子37的部位的下部设置有使壳体31的一部分突出而成的突起部17。突起部17位于逆变器控制装置10与驱动马达的连接部，在将马达固定于逆变器控制装置10时，突起部17作为逆变器控制装置10的壳体31的增强用部件发挥功能。
图5是逆变器控制装置10的电容器14的外观详细图。为了得到期望的静电容量，电容器14构成为将多个单体电容器(这里为C1～C6这6个)并列连接。这些多个单体电容器收纳于树脂制的封装外壳21中。
在封装外壳21的四个侧面部按照使这些单体电容器相互邻接而配置时的外形轮廓而形成有凹陷(凹部)23a～23f。另外，封装外壳21的四角(四个角部)带有圆角(圆弧)24a～24d。通过这些凹部和圆弧减少电容器的封装外壳21的结构材料，从而能够实现电容器的轻量化。
另外，如图5所示，在电容器14的封装外壳21的底部的角部形成有用于固定于壳体31的底面部的安装部件25a～25d。设置于封装外壳21的x方向的一个侧面部的两端的安装部件25a、25b在电容器主体的长度方向(x方向)上延伸。设置于封装外壳21的y方向的两侧面部的对置的端部的安装部件25c、25d在电容器主体的宽度方向(y方向)上延伸。
这里，使安装部件25a～25d按照壳体31的内周壁的形状而配置并延伸。这样，在壳体31的内壁侧能够确保线束的走线空间，同时能够实现逆变器控制装置10的壳体31的小容积化。
图6是逆变器控制装置10的输出端子及其附近的详细图。输出端子37具有与U、V、W这3相相对应的金属板、例如铜制的三个端子板33a～33c。为了易于与驱动马达连接，端子板33a～33c并列配置于功率部10b的底面附近的配置于正面部侧的端子台51，如图4所示那样从功率部10b的正面部19b向外部突出。
在逆变器控制装置10中，在供给马达驱动用电力的功率模块单元13的输出端子连接有与U、V、W这3相相对应的、例如铜制的三个汇流条41a～41c。汇流条41a～41c例如是俯视T字型的部件，汇流条41a～41c的一端与输出端子37的端子板33a～33c的一端经由端子台51而3相分别对应地相互连接。
端子台51由绝缘性的树脂构成，具有沿着正面部19a在x方向上延伸的长条状的形状，并且构成为能够对汇流条41a～41c的一端和端子板33a～33c的一端进行螺钉固定。端子台51的螺钉固定部51a～51c具有在高度方向(z方向)上将端子板33a～33c和汇流条41a～41c配置于同一平面内的高度。其结果是，端子板33a～33c和汇流条41a～41c例如以功率部10b的壳体底部为基准而在z方向上处于相同的高度。
另外，也可以改变端子台51的螺钉固定部的配置间隔而能够按照与逆变器控制装置10连接的驱动马达的电源输入端子的尺寸对输出端子37的端子板33a～33c的并列配置间隔进行变更。这样，能够将构成功率模块单元13的三相桥电路的输出端子按照作为其连接目标的驱动马达的输入端子的形状而变更。
另外，如图6所示，逆变器控制装置10具有对在各相中流动的电流进行检测的电流传感器45。电流传感器45的长度方向两端部利用螺钉固定于端子台51，该电流传感器45配置成在与功率模块单元13的输出端子的长度方向(y方向)垂直的方向(x方向)上延伸，同时跨越各相的汇流条41a～41c。
如上所述，端子台51兼用作电流传感器、汇流条等的固定用部件。其结果是，能够使输出端子中的电流传感器的配置、固定最优化(省空间化)。
如以上所说明的那样，本实施方式的逆变器控制装置采用在壳体内从其底面向上方向依次使功率模块单元、功率模块控制部、电容器、逆变器控制部相互接近并层叠而完全收纳于壳体内部的结构。
另外，采用如下的结构：将外部电源输入端子和对马达供给驱动电流的输出端子配置于逆变器控制装置的正面部(正面侧壁部)，并且从配置于与该正面部垂直的侧面部的输入端子对构成功率部的功率模块单元等供给电源，从而功率部中的电流的输入侧至输出侧的电流路径呈L字状。
通过采用这样的结构，作为逆变器控制装置整体，通过小型化、低高度化而能够降低装置重量，并且能够减小设置面积。另外，功率部中的电流路径以及逆变器控制装置内的线束等的布线距离变短，能够降低伴随电源路径长等较短所导致的低电阻值化的电力损失、防止辐射噪声的产生、并且抑制外来噪声的影响。
另外，在功率部中，将功率模块单元的汇流条和向马达的电流输出端子配置成未在垂直方向上立起，而按照在水平方向上成为平面的方式在同一平面内直接相连，从而能够使电流路径最短化，能够抑制对外部的电磁噪声的产生，同时能够避免外来噪声的影响。

Claims (10)

1.一种逆变器控制装置，其是马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其具有：
功率模块单元，其对马达供给驱动电流；
功率模块基板，其对所述功率模块单元输出驱动信号；
控制基板，其对所述功率模块基板输出控制信号；以及
平滑用的电容器，
其特征在于，
以所述功率模块单元为最下层依次将所述功率模块基板、所述电容器以及所述控制基板层叠而收纳于由金属材料构成的一个壳体内，在所述壳体的一个侧面配置有电源电流的输入端子，在与该一个侧面垂直的另一个侧面配置有所述马达的驱动电流的输出端子，并且与所述功率模块单元连接的汇流条和所述输出端子被配置成在同一平面内直接相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
在所述壳体的所述另一个侧面附近设置有端子台，以使得与所述功率模块单元连接的汇流条和所述输出端子成为同一高度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
所述功率模块单元、所述功率模块基板、所述电容器以及所述控制基板的所述层叠后的高度不超过所述壳体的深度尺寸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
将所述电容器向所述壳体安装的安装部件中的设置于该电容器的一个侧面侧的一对安装部件在电容器主体的长度方向上延伸，设置于另一个侧面侧的一对安装部件在电容器主体的宽度方向上延伸，这些安装部件按照该壳体的内周壁的形状而配置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
所述电容器由多个单体电容器构成，在该电容器的封装外壳的侧面上，按照该单体电容器的配置形状的轮廓而设置有多个凹部，并且该封装外壳的角部带有圆弧。
6.根据权利要求1所述的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
在所述壳体的高度方向上，朝向所述输入端子的电源供给路位于比所述输出端子靠上部的位置。
7.根据权利要求1所述的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
所述输出端子由与所述马达的相数对应地在所述端子台上并列并且配置于同一高度的金属板构成。
8.根据权利要求7所述的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
所述金属板的并列配置间隔能够按照所述马达的电源输入端子的尺寸而改变。
9.根据权利要求1所述的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
在该逆变器控制装置中还配置有电流传感器，该电流传感器固定于所述端子台，在与所述输出端子的长度方向垂直的方向上延伸并且跨越该输出端子。
10.根据权利要求1所述的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
在所述壳体的配置有所述输出端子的部位的附近设置有使该壳体的一部分突出而成的突起部，将该突起部作为该逆变器控制装置与马达的连接部位。
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